CN104115634A - Novel gastrodia elata planting and cultivating method - Google Patents

Novel gastrodia elata planting and cultivating method Download PDF

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CN104115634A
CN104115634A CN201310144728.7A CN201310144728A CN104115634A CN 104115634 A CN104115634 A CN 104115634A CN 201310144728 A CN201310144728 A CN 201310144728A CN 104115634 A CN104115634 A CN 104115634A
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mulching
close ring
film
cultivation
soil
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CN104115634B (en
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谭德寅
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Huaihua boshikang Chinese Herbal Medicine Co., Ltd
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谭德寅
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Abstract

A novel gastrodia elata planting and cultivating method comprises the following steps of (1) site selection, (2) soil removal and replacement, (3) preprocessing of seeds, (4) preparation of new materials, (5) cultivation, (6) film mulching, and (7) harvesting. According to the step of cultivation, the cultivation time is the last ten-day period of October to the first ten-day period of December and February to March in the early spring, and gastrodia elata is planted when the air temperature is 0-15 DEG C. According to the step of film mulching, a mulching film with holes is used for mulching soil no matter in autumn and winter or the early spring, the mulching film can be removed at the beginning of April of the next year according to the lunar calendar, the mulching film is put aside, green grass and tree branches are used for covering soil, then a mulching film is used for mulching soil again in the middle ten-day period of August according to the lunar calendar, and the ground temperature can be prolonged by three months; during the film mulching period, the film removing and mulching method is novel, and pest control and water management are identical with traditional methods. According to the step of harvesting, gastrodia elata is harvested at the end of September according to the lunar calendar. The method is reasonable in step, a traditional gastrodia elata cultivating method is creatively modified, yield of gastrodia elata is increased, and benefits are improved.

Description

A kind of Novel gastrodia growing and cultivation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Novel gastrodia growing and cultivation method.
Background technology
Rhizoma Gastrodiae is herbaceos perennial, is distributed in national most areas.Its dry tuber also claims rhizoma Gastrodiae, is to commonly use and famousr and precious Chinese medicine simply, the disease such as clinical dizzy, the extremity numbness of being used for having a headache, child convulsion, epilepsy, tic, tetanus.Rhizoma Gastrodiae relies on wild resource in the past always, and after the wild change of 20 century 70 man plants successfully, rhizoma Gastrodiae is planted by family becomes staple source.
But traditional cultivation method defect is a lot, for example, when connecing bacterial classification, adopt bacterium material bacterium branch, must touch green wood fish scale mouth xylem by the new shoestring growing and just start to connect bacterium, add the only contact-making surface of 0.5-1 millimeter of shoestring top, contact point is well imagined, greatly reduces and connects bacterium success rate, and increased living contaminants probability; In cultivation, cannot guarantee the normal humidity of soil, cause output very low.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a kind of Novel gastrodia growing and cultivation method, thereby solves the problem in above-mentioned background technology.
Technical problem solved by the invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
A Novel gastrodia growing and cultivation method, comprises the steps:
(1) addressing: select 500 meters to 2000 meters of height above sea level, broad leaved forest aboundresources and coverage rate are in 50%~70% alpine region, and the moon degree of closing 0.6~0.8, as production base;
(2) soil removal and replacement: the soil in production base was replaced by pH value 4.5-6.5, ventilative sand soil in 1-3 month in advance, and the described sand soil content of organic matter is 25%wt;
(3) seed pretreatment: Gastrodia was through 0 ℃ of-8 ℃ of athermobiosis 50~60 days, hemp or rice fiber crops without damage by disease and insect do kind of fiber crops, close ring bacterium requires to produce through cultivation in to two year, proves that Output of Gastrodia elata is high, the close ring bacterium of quality better, and must be through the pure culture after pure rejuvenation;
(4) green wood preparation: green wood must be broad leaved and deciduous broad leaved wood, selects the broad leaved and deciduous broad leaved ebon branch of diameter 5-10cm, after cutting, to be sawn into 35-40cm long, more air-dry five to seven days, make green wood water content between 60-70%wt, and require without rotten anosis without insect pest;
(5) cultivation: planting time be late October autumn and winter to early December, in February-March in the early spring, while selecting 0 ℃~15 ℃ of temperature, cultivate rhizoma Gastrodiae;
Step: by the every end of green wood sawed and air-dry rear water content 60-70%wt the material skin everywhere of pruning, material skin is wide 2 centimetres, long 10 centimetres;
By pretreated close ring bacterium, to be divided into thick 2 centimetres, length and width be the close ring bacterial classification piece of 3-4 centimetre or close ring bacterium branch is reamed to Lao Pi see that yellow-white mycelium is for well, and install standby with sterile plastic crate;
Dig 20-30 centimetre dark, 50 centimetres of wide, 1-2 rice is long holes, topsoil and new soil are separated;
Pendulum green wood, and the close ring bacterial classification piece of handling well or close ring bacterium branch are folded up and prune between the part of material skin and green wood two at green wood, kind of fiber crops are placed between close ring bacterial classification piece or close ring bacterium branch, with new earth mulch 3 cm thicks, fill closely knitly, two-layer successively, finally cover the topsoil of 10-15 cm thick;
(6) covering with plastic film: cover dazzling mulch film, no matter the autumn and winter, early spring cultivation is all covered coming year lunar calendar the beginning of April and can be thrown off, mulch film is opened and put on one side, cover green grass branch, until the lunar calendar covers mulch film mid-August again, can extend ground temperature 3 months like this, manage during this time except taking off and cover the new method of mulch film, sick worm prevents that the management such as moisture content are the same with conventional method;
(7) gather: until at the bottom of lunar calendar September or after, preferably after the Beginning of Winter, start to gather.
As a kind of improvement, the dazzling density of described dazzling mulch film is 1~2 every square centimeter.
Above-mentioned topsoil is the soil in earth's surface 20-25 centimetre, and new soil is 25 centimetres of following soil.
The present invention produces through test of many times, new cultivation method is than Traditional Method cultivation output mean height 20 ﹪, conventional method is that bacterium branch is joined green wood, traditional cultivation method bacterium material bacterium branch must touch green wood fish scale mouth xylem by the new shoestring growing and just start to connect bacterium, add the only contact-making surface of 0.5-1 millimeter of shoestring top, contact point is well imagined.The present invention has adopted pure thalline to join green wood, green wood, fiber crops are planted than conventional method and connect bacterium 1 month in advance, rhizoma Gastrodiae connects that under bacterium thermophilic, The faster the better, and it is many that green wood connects bacterium face, connects bacterium faster, living contaminants probability is just less, can provide out effective nutrition of fiber crops just abundanter, on the contrary, it is 20 times that (shoestring that traditional cultivation grows through about month is by 20) connect bacterium area that new cultivation method connects bacterium area, new cultivation method green wood pollution microbes rate is 5% left and right, and conventional method is more than 30%.
Owing to having adopted above technical scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention changes green wood companion's bacterium material or bacterium branch, for green wood, accompanies pure thalline, can shift to an earlier date 1 month and connect bacterium, and dye assorted probability and reduce by 25%, nutrition 30% is provided to rhizoma Gastrodiae more.
2, use dazzling plastic mulching, can extend 2-3 months vegetative period of rhizoma Gastrodiae, on the ventilative not impact of the humidity of soil, generally improve Output of Gastrodia elata.Wage, the every square meter of cost only increase quaternary (comprising mulch film), but can make full use of resource, delay resource consumption.And every square metre really can increase the fresh rhizoma Gastrodiae of commodity more than 1 kilogram.By 20 yuan/kilogram of the fresh numb valencys in market.One mu by 300 ㎡ * 1 kilogram * 20 yuan=6000 yuan, and one mu, wage, cost 300 ㎡ * 4 yuan=1200 yuan, 6000-1200=4800 unit can purely increase income into 4800 yuan.
In a word, step of the present invention is reasonable, and traditional gastrodin cultivation method has been carried out to creationary improvement, has improved the output of rhizoma Gastrodiae, has improved benefit.
Embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) addressing: select 500 meters of height above sea level, broad leaved forest aboundresources and coverage rate are in 50% alpine region, and the moon degree of closing 0.6, as production base;
(2) soil removal and replacement: the soil in production base was replaced by sand soil pH value 4.5, ventilative in 1-3 month in advance, and the described sand soil content of organic matter is 25%wt;
(3) seed pretreatment: Gastrodia is through 0 ℃ of athermobiosis 50 days, does kind of fiber crops without the hemp of damage by disease and insect, and close ring bacterium, through cultivation production in 2 years, proves that Output of Gastrodia elata is high, the close ring bacterium of quality better, and through the pure culture after pure rejuvenation;
(4) green wood preparation: green wood is broad leaved and deciduous broad leaved wood, selects the broad leaved and deciduous broad leaved ebon branch of diameter 5cm, after cutting, to be sawn into 35cm long, more air-dry five days, make green wood water content between 60%wt, there is no rotten anosis without insect pest;
(5) cultivation: planting time is late October autumn and winter, cultivates rhizoma Gastrodiae while selecting 5 ℃ of temperature;
Step: by the every end of the green wood of sawed and the air-dry rear water content 60%wt material skin everywhere of pruning, material skin is wide 2 centimetres, long 10 centimetres;
By pretreated close ring bacterium, to be divided into thick 2 centimetres, length and width be the close ring bacterial classification piece of 3 centimetres or close ring bacterium branch is reamed to Lao Pi see that yellow-white mycelium is for well, and install standby with sterile plastic crate;
Dig 20-30 centimetre dark, 50 centimetres are wide, 1 meter of long hole, topsoil and new soil are separated;
Pendulum green wood, and the close ring bacterial classification piece of handling well or close ring bacterium branch are folded up and prune between the part of material skin and green wood two at green wood, kind of fiber crops are placed between close ring bacterial classification piece or close ring bacterium branch, with new earth mulch 3 cm thicks, fill closely knitly, two-layer successively, finally cover the topsoil of 10 cm thicks;
(6) covering with plastic film: cover dazzling mulch film, dazzling density is 1 every square centimeter, no matter the autumn and winter, early spring cultivation is all covered coming year lunar calendar the beginning of April and can be thrown off, and mulch film is opened and put on one side, covers green grass branch, until the lunar calendar covers mulch film mid-August again, can extend ground temperature 3 months like this, during manage and cover the new method of mulch film except taking off, sick worm prevents that the management such as moisture content are the same with conventional method;
(7) gather: the lunar calendar started to gather at the bottom of September.
Adopt embodiment 1, cultivate every mu by 300 square metres, receive 2400 kilograms for average every mu.
Embodiment 2
A Novel gastrodia growing and cultivation method, comprises the steps:
(1) addressing: select 2000 meters of height above sea level, broad leaved forest aboundresources and coverage rate are in 70% alpine region, and the moon degree of closing 0.8, as production base;
(2) soil removal and replacement: the soil in production base is replaced by sand soil pH value 6.5, ventilative, and the described sand soil content of organic matter is 25%wt;
(3) seed pretreatment: Gastrodia is through 8 ℃ of athermobiosises 60 days, does kind of fiber crops without hemp, the rice fiber crops of damage by disease and insect, and close ring bacterium requires, through cultivation production in 2 years, to prove that Output of Gastrodia elata is high, the close ring bacterium of quality better, and must be through the pure culture after pure rejuvenation;
(4) green wood preparation: green wood must be broad leaved and deciduous broad leaved wood, selects the broad leaved and deciduous broad leaved ebon branch of diameter 10cm, after cutting, to be sawn into 40cm long, more air-dry seven days, make green wood water content between 70%wt, and require without rotten anosis without insect pest;
(5) cultivation: planting time is early December autumn and winter, cultivates rhizoma Gastrodiae while selecting 0 ℃ of temperature;
Step: by the every end of the green wood of sawed and the air-dry rear water content 70%wt material skin everywhere of pruning, material skin is wide 2 centimetres, long 10 centimetres;
By pretreated close ring bacterium, to be divided into thick 2 centimetres, length and width be the close ring bacterial classification piece of 4 centimetres or close ring bacterium branch is reamed to Lao Pi see that yellow-white mycelium is for well, and install standby with sterile plastic crate;
Dig 30 centimetres dark, 50 centimetres are wide, 1.9 meters of long holes, topsoil and new soil are separated;
Pendulum green wood, and the close ring bacterial classification piece of handling well or close ring bacterium branch are folded up and prune between the part of material skin and green wood two at green wood, kind of fiber crops are placed between close ring bacterial classification piece or close ring bacterium branch, with new earth mulch 3 cm thicks, fill closely knitly, two-layer successively, finally cover the topsoil of 15 cm thicks;
(6) covering with plastic film: cover dazzling mulch film, dazzling density is 2 every square centimeter, no matter the autumn and winter, early spring cultivation is all covered coming year lunar calendar the beginning of April and can be thrown off, and mulch film is opened and put on one side, covers green grass branch, until the lunar calendar covers mulch film mid-August again, can extend ground temperature 3 months like this, during manage and cover the new method of mulch film except taking off, sick worm prevents that the management such as moisture content are the same with conventional method;
(7) gather: until at the bottom of lunar calendar September, preferably start to gather after the Beginning of Winter.
Adopt embodiment 2, every mu is 2500 kilograms by 300 square metres of Output of Gastrodia elatas.
Embodiment 3
A Novel gastrodia growing and cultivation method, comprises the steps:
(1) addressing: select 1000 meters of height above sea level, broad leaved forest aboundresources and coverage rate are in 60% alpine region, and the moon degree of closing 0.7, as production base;
(2) soil removal and replacement: the soil in production base is replaced by sand soil pH value 5.0, ventilative, and the described sand soil content of organic matter is 25%wt;
(3) seed pretreatment: Gastrodia is through 4 ℃ of athermobiosises 55 days, does kind of fiber crops without hemp, the rice fiber crops of damage by disease and insect, and close ring bacterium requires to prove that Output of Gastrodia elata is high, the close ring bacterium of quality better through cultivation production in 2 years, and must be through the pure culture after pure rejuvenation;
(4) green wood preparation: green wood must be broad leaved and deciduous broad leaved wood, selects the broad leaved and deciduous broad leaved ebon branch of diameter 8cm, after cutting, to be sawn into 37cm long, more air-dry five to seven days, make green wood water content between 65%wt, and require without rotten anosis without insect pest;
(5) cultivation: planting time is March in the early spring, cultivates rhizoma Gastrodiae while selecting 15 ℃ of temperature;
Step: by the every end of the green wood of sawed and the air-dry rear water content 65%wt material skin everywhere of pruning, material skin is wide 2 centimetres, long 10 centimetres;
By pretreated close ring bacterium, to be divided into thick 2 centimetres, length and width be the close ring bacterial classification piece of 3.5 centimetres or close ring bacterium branch is reamed to Lao Pi see that yellow-white mycelium is for well, and install standby with sterile plastic crate;
Dig 20-30 centimetre dark, 50 centimetres are wide, 1.5 meters of long holes, topsoil and new soil are separated;
Pendulum green wood, and the close ring bacterial classification piece of handling well or close ring bacterium branch are folded up and prune between the part of material skin and green wood two at green wood, kind of fiber crops are placed between close ring bacterial classification piece or close ring bacterium branch, with new earth mulch 3 cm thicks, fill closely knitly, two-layer successively, finally cover the topsoil of 13 cm thicks;
(6) covering with plastic film: cover dazzling mulch film, dazzling density is 1 every square centimeter, no matter the autumn and winter, early spring cultivation is all covered coming year lunar calendar the beginning of April and can be thrown off, and mulch film is opened and put on one side, covers green grass branch, until the lunar calendar covers mulch film mid-August again, can extend ground temperature 3 months like this, during manage and cover the new method of mulch film except taking off, sick worm prevents that the management such as moisture content are the same with conventional method;
(7) gather: until at the bottom of lunar calendar September, preferably start to gather after the Beginning of Winter.
Adopt embodiment 3, every mu is 2250 kilograms by 300 square metres of Output of Gastrodia elatas.
Comparative example
Adopt conventional method to cultivate rhizoma Gastrodiae, all the other steps such as fertilising, sterilization, weeding are all identical with embodiment 1,2,3, discovery after gathering, and every mu by 300 square metres, average every mu of receipts 1500-1950 kilogram.
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and specification, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (3)

1. a Novel gastrodia growing and cultivation method, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) addressing: select 500 meters to 2000 meters of height above sea level, broad leaved forest aboundresources and coverage rate are in 50%~70% alpine region, and the moon degree of closing 0.6~0.8, as production base;
(2) soil removal and replacement: the soil in production base was replaced by pH value 4.5-6.5, ventilative sand soil in 1-3 month in advance, and the described sand soil content of organic matter is 25%wt;
(3) seed pretreatment: Gastrodia was through 0 ℃ of-8 ℃ of athermobiosis 50~60 days, hemp or rice fiber crops without damage by disease and insect do kind of fiber crops, close ring bacterium requires to produce through cultivation in to two year, proves that Output of Gastrodia elata is high, the close ring bacterium of quality better, and must be through the pure culture after pure rejuvenation;
(4) green wood preparation: green wood must be broad leaved and deciduous broad leaved wood, selects the broad leaved and deciduous broad leaved ebon branch of diameter 5-10cm, after cutting, to be sawn into 35-40cm long, more air-dry five to seven days, make green wood water content between 60-70%wt, and require without rotten anosis without insect pest;
(5) cultivation: planting time be late October autumn and winter to early December, in February-March in the early spring, while selecting 0 ℃~15 ℃ of temperature, cultivate rhizoma Gastrodiae;
Step: by the every end of green wood sawed and air-dry rear water content 60-70%wt the material skin everywhere of pruning, material skin is wide 2 centimetres, long 10 centimetres;
By pretreated close ring bacterium, to be divided into thick 2 centimetres, length and width be the close ring bacterial classification piece of 3-4 centimetre or close ring bacterium branch is reamed to Lao Pi see that yellow-white mycelium is for well, and install standby with sterile plastic crate;
Dig 20-30 centimetre dark, 50 centimetres of wide, 1-2 rice is long holes, topsoil and new soil are separated;
Pendulum green wood, and the close ring bacterial classification piece of handling well or close ring bacterium branch are folded up and prune between the part of material skin and green wood two at green wood, kind of fiber crops are placed between close ring bacterial classification piece or close ring bacterium branch, with new earth mulch 3 cm thicks, fill closely knitly, two-layer successively, finally cover the topsoil of 10-15 cm thick;
(6) covering with plastic film: cover dazzling mulch film, no matter the autumn and winter, early spring cultivation is all covered coming year lunar calendar the beginning of April and can be thrown off, mulch film is opened and put on one side, cover green grass branch, until the lunar calendar covers mulch film mid-August again, can extend ground temperature 3 months like this, manage during this time except taking off and cover the new method of mulch film, sick worm prevents that the management such as moisture content are the same with conventional method;
(7) gather: until at the bottom of lunar calendar September or after start to gather.
2. a kind of Novel gastrodia growing and cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the dazzling density of described dazzling mulch film is 1~2 every square centimeter.
3. a kind of Novel gastrodia growing and cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described rhizoma Gastrodiae was gathered after preferred the Beginning of Winter.
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Cited By (6)

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CN104885753A (en) * 2015-05-31 2015-09-09 贵州省心意天麻科技开发有限公司 Cultivation method of gastrodia elata
CN105659976A (en) * 2016-01-26 2016-06-15 镇沅圣元堂生物科技开发有限责任公司 Low-temperature processing method of gastrodia elata seeds
CN105961012A (en) * 2016-06-15 2016-09-28 安徽菲扬农业科技有限公司 Gastrodia elata planting method
CN107114093A (en) * 2017-05-11 2017-09-01 江口县厚谊科技开发有限责任公司 A kind of technique for cultivation of Gastrodia elata
CN107135807A (en) * 2017-05-11 2017-09-08 江口县厚谊科技开发有限责任公司 The preparation method that a kind of rhizoma Gastrodiae sprouts bacterium culture medium and its Germination Strain fungus block
CN109042212A (en) * 2018-08-30 2018-12-21 郝哲 A kind of Mu Us Shadi Rhizoma Gastrodiae stub planting culture method

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104885753A (en) * 2015-05-31 2015-09-09 贵州省心意天麻科技开发有限公司 Cultivation method of gastrodia elata
CN105659976A (en) * 2016-01-26 2016-06-15 镇沅圣元堂生物科技开发有限责任公司 Low-temperature processing method of gastrodia elata seeds
CN105659976B (en) * 2016-01-26 2018-04-17 镇源生堂生物科技开发有限责任公司 The cryogenic treatment process of seeds of Gastrodia elata
CN105961012A (en) * 2016-06-15 2016-09-28 安徽菲扬农业科技有限公司 Gastrodia elata planting method
CN107114093A (en) * 2017-05-11 2017-09-01 江口县厚谊科技开发有限责任公司 A kind of technique for cultivation of Gastrodia elata
CN107135807A (en) * 2017-05-11 2017-09-08 江口县厚谊科技开发有限责任公司 The preparation method that a kind of rhizoma Gastrodiae sprouts bacterium culture medium and its Germination Strain fungus block
CN109042212A (en) * 2018-08-30 2018-12-21 郝哲 A kind of Mu Us Shadi Rhizoma Gastrodiae stub planting culture method

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