CN104114885B - 油膜轴承 - Google Patents

油膜轴承 Download PDF

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CN104114885B
CN104114885B CN201280058958.5A CN201280058958A CN104114885B CN 104114885 B CN104114885 B CN 104114885B CN 201280058958 A CN201280058958 A CN 201280058958A CN 104114885 B CN104114885 B CN 104114885B
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J·科尔特斯
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Corts Engineering & Co KG GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
    • F16C32/0629—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion
    • F16C32/064—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion the liquid being supplied under pressure
    • F16C32/0651—Details of the bearing area per se
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C43/184—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. compression moulding around inserts or for coating articles the preformed layer being a lining, e.g. shaped in the mould before compression moulding, or a preformed shell adapted to the shape of the mould shaped by the compression of the material during moulding
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    • F16C13/00—Rolls, drums, discs, or the like; Bearings or mountings therefor
    • F16C13/02—Bearings
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
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    • F16C32/0629—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion
    • F16C32/064—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion the liquid being supplied under pressure
    • F16C32/0644—Details of devices to control the supply of liquids to the bearings
    • F16C32/0648—Details of devices to control the supply of liquids to the bearings by sensors or pressure-responsive control devices in or near the bearings
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    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
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    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
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    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/208—Methods of manufacture, e.g. shaping, applying coatings
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    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/24—Brasses; Bushes; Linings with different areas of the sliding surface consisting of different materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/26—Brasses; Bushes; Linings made from wire coils; made from a number of discs, rings, rods, or other members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C43/021—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles characterised by the shape of the surface
    • B29C2043/026—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles characterised by the shape of the surface having functional projections, e.g. fasteners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C43/021—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles characterised by the shape of the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/04—Polymers of ethylene
    • B29K2023/06—PE, i.e. polyethylene
    • B29K2023/0658—PE, i.e. polyethylene characterised by its molecular weight
    • B29K2023/0683—UHMWPE, i.e. ultra high molecular weight polyethylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29K2027/00—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2027/12—Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material containing fluorine
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    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/25—Solid
    • B29K2105/251—Particles, powder or granules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
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    • B29L2031/04—Bearings
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于在轧机中支撑轧辊颈部的油膜轴承，特别地适合用于在轴承的配合件轻微地且缓慢地彼此相对移动时传输高轴承力，所述油膜轴承具有轴承表面，由减小摩擦的材料(例如低摩擦化合物)制成的沿与轴承表面基本垂直的方向延伸的杆被装入轴承表面中。杆在热处理期间变形以限定轴承表面。轴承的配合件例如辊套抵靠在变形杆的自由面上。

Description

油膜轴承
技术领域
本发明涉及油膜轴承领域的进一步改进，并且更特别地涉及用于在轧机中可旋转地支撑轧辊颈部的轴承。
背景技术
一种油膜轴承的示例是可以从奥地利林茨市的西门子公司(Siemens AG)获得的“MORGOIL”轴承。MORGOIL轴承具有在相对较大的区域上分配轴承负载的流体动力设计。轴承在其上操作的油膜具有强大的承载能力，并且在按预期发挥作用时消除由金属与金属的接触造成的磨损。当在轧辊机架上使用时，通过套装在轧辊颈部上的旋转套筒以及安装在轴承座中的非旋转轴套的流体动力作用持久地保持油膜。
轧机油膜轴承通常包括轴向地接收在轧辊颈部上并且可旋转地固定到轧辊颈部的套筒。套筒被安装在轧机壳体中的轴承座中包含的轴套围绕。在使用时，套筒被可旋转地支撑在薄油膜上，薄油膜被流体动力地保持在套筒和轴套之间的轴承负载区域中。
套筒可以是用于在圆柱形或“平直”轧辊颈部上使用的内圆柱形，或者可以是用于在渐缩的轧辊颈部上使用的内渐缩形。此外，套筒可以是“自锁定”或“非锁定”的。自锁定套筒通过干涉配合摩擦地固定到轧辊颈部，而非锁定套筒需要键等以实现与轧辊颈部的机械相互接合。
参考图1，一个这样的套筒以标记13示出为轧机油膜轴承12的组成部件。套筒13被可移除地接收在轧辊颈部的渐缩部16上并且通过键14等被可旋转地固定到轧辊颈部。套筒被轴套18围绕并且被固定在轴承座20中。在使用时，如前所述，套筒被可旋转地支撑在薄油膜(未示出)上，薄油膜被流体动力地保持在套筒和轴套之间的轴承负载区域中。
参考图2，将看到套筒13具有长度为L的内渐缩部21，轴向地延伸超出内渐缩部的外侧端的端部22，以及围绕内渐缩部的圆柱形外表面23。圆柱形外表面具有直径D(通常也称为“轴颈”直径)。内渐缩部具有锥角α，在其内侧端具有最小厚度t，并且在其邻接端部22的外侧端具有最大厚度t'。键槽15与键14机械相互接合地共同租用，其中键和键槽都位于内渐缩部21的外侧并且全部位于端部22内。
参考图3，将看到现代的“MORGOIL”润滑系统向轴承输送可控的油供给。当轧辊转动时，套装在轧辊颈部上并通过键固定以防止滑脱的套筒在被固定到轴承座的固定轴套中转动。轴承负载被分配在整个负载区域上并且通过输送油流过轴承座中的内部通道到达轴颈而确保油膜的连续性。当需要在高负载和低速度下持续操作时，当轧机以反转模式操作、经常改变转动方向时，或者当在长时间停机后需要在负载下启动轧机时，要在油膜轴承中使用流体静力学。高压泵将润滑剂输送到轴承的负载区域中，确保在所有的轧制状态下轴承的全膜操作。
图4示出了穿过套筒和轴套截取的截面图，示出了润滑管道以及用于引入和排出润滑剂的端口。
为了保护轴套体从与套筒的金属与金属的接触中免受机械破坏，轴套体注入有所谓的白合金，白合金是一种相对较软的提供应急轴承特性的金属。图5a是穿过轴套18的截面并且示出了相当有韧性的白合金填充物17由肩部19支撑。随着在增加输出的同时减小轧机的尺寸的不断努力，轴承的单位负载能力也有所增加。为了满足这种需求，MORGOIL引入了高强度巴氏合金(HSB)的白合金轴承材料。这种专有的巴氏合金得到了更高的承载能力。图5b示出了含有HSB的MORGOIL轴套。
标准白合金轴套以及HSB轴套的明显限制包括在钢轴套和白合金之间隔离的风险、高成本以及在紧急操作状态例如低油压或不稳定的油膜状态下有限的承载能力。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种油膜轴承，所述油膜轴承相对于传统的包括HSB轴套的MORGOIL轴承具有改进的操作特性。
根据本发明，一种油膜轴承特别地适合用于在轴承的配合件轻微地且缓慢地彼此相对移动时传输高轴承力，所述油膜轴承具有轴承表面，由减小摩擦的材料(例如低摩擦化合物)制成的沿与轴承表面基本垂直的方向延伸的杆被装入轴承表面中。杆在热处理期间变形以限定轴承表面。轴承的配合件例如辊套抵靠在变形杆的自由面上。低摩擦材料可以包括聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)材料或其他已知的材料例如超高分子量(UHMW)聚合物。在优选的实施例中，玻璃增强型PTFE材料被用于限定轴承表面。
在本发明的一个实施例中，一种用于在轧机中可旋转地支撑轧辊颈部的油膜轴承包括旋转套筒部和轴套。轴套包括具有低摩擦轴承表面的轴承座。旋转套筒部的外表面被可旋转地支撑在低摩擦轴承表面上的油膜上。
本发明还涉及一种用于在油膜轴承中使用的轴套，所述油膜轴承是用于在轧机中可旋转地支撑轧辊颈部的类型。轴套具有接合旋转套筒部的内表面。套筒部的外表面适合用于在轴承的负载区域被可旋转地支撑在油膜上。轴套包括轴承座和被连接到轴承座并支撑旋转套筒部的外表面的低摩擦轴承表面。
根据本发明的轴承组件对于相同尺寸的轴承提供了更高的负载能力，并且减少了初始成本和操作成本。此外特定的低摩擦轴承表面与给定的白合金技术相比提供了明显减小的摩擦系数。这将在任何类型的紧急情况下形成对套筒的明显更好的保护。低摩擦轴承表面还能完全抵抗由油或油中任何类型的夹杂物所导致的任何种类的化学影响。因此，本发明提供了与标准的白合金轴套相比明显延长的寿命。
以上已经相当宽泛地概述了本发明的特征和技术优点，目的是为了能够更好地理解随后本发明的详细描述。将在以下介绍构成本发明权利要求主题的本发明的附加特征和优点。本领域技术人员应该理解的是，公开的概念和具体实施例可以轻易地用作用于修改或设计其他结构的基础，以用于实现本发明的相同目的。本领域技术人员还应该意识到这样的等同结构(例如，在非旋转应用中)并不背离由所附权利要求阐述的本发明的实质和范围。在结合附图考虑时，确信构成本发明特征的新颖特征将根据以下的说明在其组织和操作方法以及更多的目标和优点等方面得到更好地理解。然而，要明确理解的是，每一张附图仅提供用于说明和描述，并不应理解为限制本发明的定义。
附图说明
图1是现有技术中的轧机油膜轴承的截面图。
图2是现有技术中的轧机油膜轴承的套筒的截面图。
图3是用于油膜轴承的润滑系统的示图。
图4是油膜轴承的套筒和轴套的截面图。
图5a是油膜轴承的轴套的截面图。
图5b是油膜轴承的轴套的透视图。
图6是适合用于与本发明的轴套一起使用的轴承组件的截面图。
图7是适合用于与本发明的轴套一起使用的轴承的截面图。
图8是适合用于与本发明的轴套一起使用的轴承的截面图。
图9是根据本发明一个实施例的轴套在热变形之后的截面图。
图10是根据本发明另一实施例的轴套的截面图。
图11是根据本发明另一实施例的轴套的截面图。
图12是图9中的轴套在热变形之前的截面图。
图13示出了在热定形过程之前的图9中的轴套。
图14示出了在热定形过程之后的图13中的轴套。
图15示出了根据本发明的油膜轴承的制造过程。
图16示出了包括集成的距离测量传感器的图14中的轴套。
图17是根据本发明装有集成轴向传感器的油膜轴承的局部视图。
具体实施方式
参考附图，图6是穿过轴承组件截取的截面图，该轴承组件具有颈部密封1，冷却剂密封2，轴承座3，轧辊颈部4，套筒5，巴氏合金6，键7，轴套8，止推轴承组件9，液压卡口锁定10和锁定片11。图6示出了MORGOIL KL型轴承。本发明主要涉及轴套8和巴氏合金6。
图7是也适合用于与本发明的新型轴套8一起使用的MORGOIL N型轴承的截面图。图8是也适合用于与本发明的新型轴套8一起使用的MORGOIL SN型轴承的截面图。本发明的应用并不局限于特定种类的油膜轴承。根据本发明可以实现多种不同的轴承。本发明的内容能够适当地应用于多种不同的轴承类型、尺寸、类别和设计。
图9示出了本发明的轴套8的巴氏合金表面46。巴氏合金表面46限定了滑动轴承。如上所述，在巴氏合金表面46和套筒或其他组件之间建立油膜。轴套8具有轴承座40或支撑件，轴承座40或支撑件可以具有任意的形状和形式并且在油膜轴承的情况下是环，由减小摩擦的材料特别是玻璃增强型聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)制成的沿基本垂直于轴承表面的方向延伸的杆42被装入环中。轴承的配合件例如图6中的辊套5抵靠在杆的自由面上。
图10和11是穿过轴套8截取的截面图，示出了轴承座40和钻孔44。在图示的实施例中，钻孔44基本为圆柱形并且在轴承座40和杆42之间可以具有表面粗糙度提升粘合剂。在其他的实施例中，钻孔44可是非圆柱形。仍然在其他的实施例中，钻孔44可以包括底切或其他结构以促进杆42和轴承座40之间在热变形之前和/或之后的互连。例如，钻孔44可以包括螺纹或类似的结构。可以在钻孔44中使用各种底切或其他结构以促进杆42和轴承座44之间的连接。杆42不必为圆柱形，而是可以采用另一种形状。杆42不需要与钻孔44的构造匹配，例如方形杆42可以插入圆形钻孔44，或者相反地在方形或椭圆形孔中插入圆形杆或椭圆形杆。杆42可以采取各种不同的构造。例如，两根或更多根不同尺寸的杆42可以插入两个或更多个不同尺寸的钻孔44。在某些应用中，包括两个或更多个不同尺寸的杆42和钻孔44以提高轴承表面的覆盖面积可以是有利的。如图所示，钻孔44的上边缘可以有倒角、有斜角或以其他方式构造。
图12是轴套8的截面图，示出了在热变形之前的轴承座40和杆42。杆42在制造过程中插入钻孔44。杆42可以包括不同直径的杆。例如，两根或更多根不同尺寸的杆42可以插入两个或更多个不同尺寸的钻孔44。使用不同尺寸的杆42可以是有利的，以使得在热变形之后杆材料的覆盖面积最大化。图9示出了在热变形之后的杆42。杆42的变形端可能需要另外的机械加工以得到合适的轴承表面46。
图13示出了将杆42插入钻孔44的轴套8。图14示出了在杆42的端部变形以限定轴承表面期间的热定形过程之后的图13中的轴套。
图15示出了制造过程，在此期间一对半圆柱形模具50被插入轴套8并由液压缸52扩展。利用力和温度，模具50接合杆42并使杆42变形以限定基本为圆柱形的PTFE轴承表面。
该制造过程应包括以下步骤：在轴套座40中限定钻孔，将PTFE杆42插入钻孔，将PTFE杆42热处理至得到一定程度可塑性的温度，将半模具50和液压缸52插入轴套座40，并扩展半模具50以接合PTFE杆42和使PTFE杆42变形成基本为圆柱形的PTFE轴承表面。变形杆42端部的另外的加工步骤可能是构造轴承表面所必须的。
根据本发明，钻孔44可以垂直于轴承表面或者可以相对于轴承表面偏移。钻孔44可以是封闭或端部开口的，并且可以包括两个或更多个不同尺寸的孔。此外，钻孔44沿其长度可以是圆柱形、结构化或渐缩的。钻孔44的顶部边缘可以有倒角。
根据本发明，燃料杆42可以由低摩擦材料例如但不限于聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)材料制成，或者由通过其他类型的低摩擦聚合物例如超高分子量(UHMW)聚合物制备的材料制成。杆42可以用玻璃纤维或其它增强纤维加强，例如但不限于KEVLAR、碳纤维、陶瓷和纳米纤维。杆42可以是相同的尺寸，或者在给定的轴套中可以使用两种或更多种不同尺寸的杆42。例如，在轴套中的杆可以具有不同的直径、长度、材料等。
本发明的油膜轴承中的轴承座40、结构或环优选地由钢合金例如淬火和调质和/或硬化的钢合金形成。轴承座、环或结构中的轴承表面的区域可以在端部开口或者被凸缘封闭。
杆42可以在轴承座40中成行地布置，所述行垂直于轴承表面延伸，或者与运动的优选方向成任意合适的角度延伸。杆42可以成行地布置，其中相邻的行彼此偏移一定的距离，例如但不限于与一行内的杆之间的间距的一半相等的距离。
可以通过附加和特定的涂层覆盖本发明的油膜轴承的低摩擦轴承表面以增加表面保护和/或减小总体摩擦系数。新型涂层例如先进的纳米粒子涂层可以被用于为低摩擦轴承表面提供进一步的保护或增强的性能。轴承表面上的润滑剂可以包括在低摩擦表面上优化其用途的特定添加剂。润滑剂还可以包括保护整个油膜应用中的整个油系统或电路免受造成生物腐蚀的特定类型细菌的污染。
传感器可以设置在本发明的轴承中以提供温度、流量和/或压力信息。传感器也可以被设置用于提供相关状态的信息例如但不限于润滑状态、水污染的存在性和pH值的状态。
传感器也可以被设置用于检测某些生物制剂例如造成腐蚀的生物制剂的存在。也被称为微生物腐蚀或生物腐蚀的微生物诱导腐蚀(MIC)是由于微生物代谢活动造成的金属退化。现有几种已知的在pH值范围约为4-9且温度范围约为10℃到50℃的水和土壤中对碳钢、不锈钢、铝合金和铜合金造成微生物诱导腐蚀的细菌。这些细菌可以宽泛地分类成好氧型(需要氧气变得活跃)或厌氧型(氧气对细菌有毒)。硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)是厌氧型并且是造成船舶和海上钢结构的加速腐蚀破坏的大部分情况的原因。铁和锰的氧化细菌是有氧型并且经常与焊缝处不锈钢上的加速点状腐蚀相关联。
如图16所示，动态地检查油膜厚度的任何变化的径向距离测量传感器60可以集成到轴套和/或低摩擦轴承表面中。该测量可通过感应(或其他的技术)实现，并且可以被集成到特定的油膜轴承状态监测系统中作为独立系统和/或被集成到现有的总体轧机控制系统中。
如图17所示，附加的轴向传感器62可以被集成到轴套中以检查和控制套筒的轴向运动和/或位移。这可以通过感应(但不限于该方法)实现，并且可以被集成到特定的油膜轴承状态监测系统中作为独立系统和/或被集成到现有的总体轧机控制系统中。
尽管已经详细介绍了本发明及其优点，但是应该理解的是，本文可以进行各种修改、替换和改变而并不背离由所附权利要求限定的本发明的实质和保护范围。此外，本申请的保护范围不应理解为受限于在说明书中介绍的过程、机械、制造、物质组成、装置、方法和步骤的特定实施例。本领域普通技术人员根据本发明的公开内容很容易想到可以根据本发明使用的现有或今后开发的过程、机械、制造、物质组成、装置、方法或步骤来执行与本文所述的对应实施例基本相同的功能或实现基本相同的结果。因此，所附权利要求应被理解为在其保护范围内包括这些过程、机械、制造、物质组成、装置、方法或步骤。

Claims (16)

1.一种用于在轧机中可旋转地支撑轧辊颈部的油膜轴承，所述油膜轴承包括：
具有外表面的旋转套筒部；
轴套，所述轴套包括具有基本为圆柱形的低摩擦轴承表面的轴承座，其中所述旋转套筒部的外表面被可旋转地支撑在低摩擦轴承表面上的油膜上；以及
延伸穿过所述轴套的多根油管，所述油管用于向所述旋转套筒部的外表面和所述轴套之间供给经过加压的油，以建立油膜，
其中所述轴承表面由变形的多根杆限定，所述多根杆中的每一根被接收在轴承座内的开口中，然后所述杆在制造过程中热变形以限定基本为圆柱形的轴承表面，所述制造过程包括：
将聚合物制成的杆插入所述轴承座的钻孔中，
将所述聚合物制成的杆加热至导致一定程度可塑性的温度，
将一对基本为半圆柱形的半模具插入所述轴套中，以及
利用从外部提供动力的液压缸迫使所述半模具朝向所述轴承座向外扩展，以使经过加热的所述聚合物制成的杆变形为基本圆柱形的轴承表面，
其中所述钻孔包括两个或更多个不同尺寸的孔并且所述多根杆包括两个或更多个不同尺寸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的油膜轴承，其中所述钻孔垂直于所述轴承表面或相对于所述轴承表面偏移。
3.根据权利要求1所述的油膜轴承，其中所述杆包括用加强纤维增强的聚四氟乙烯。
4.根据权利要求1所述的油膜轴承，其中所述钻孔是封闭的或端部开口的。
5.根据权利要求1所述的油膜轴承，其中所述钻孔沿其长度是圆柱形、结构化或渐缩的。
6.根据权利要求1所述的油膜轴承，其中所述钻孔的顶部边缘有倒角。
7.根据权利要求1所述的油膜轴承，其中所述轴承座由钢合金形成。
8.根据权利要求1所述的油膜轴承，其中所述杆被成行地设置，所述行垂直于轴承表面延伸。
9.根据权利要求8所述的油膜轴承，其中相邻的行彼此偏移的量大于或等于在一行中的杆之间的间距的一半。
10.根据权利要求1所述的油膜轴承，其中所述轴承表面被涂层覆盖以增加表面保护和/或减小总体摩擦系数。
11.根据权利要求10所述的油膜轴承，其中所述涂层包括纳米粒子涂层。
12.根据权利要求1所述的油膜轴承，进一步包括具有添加剂的润滑剂以保护油系统免受造成生物腐蚀的细菌的污染。
13.根据权利要求1所述的油膜轴承，进一步包括设置在轴套中以提供温度、流量和/或压力信息的传感器。
14.根据权利要求1所述的油膜轴承，进一步包括用于提供与润滑状态、水污染或pH值的状态相关的信息的传感器。
15.根据权利要求1所述的油膜轴承，进一步包括用于径向距离测量以动态地监测油膜厚度变化的传感器。
16.根据权利要求1所述的油膜轴承，进一步包括集成到轴套中以检查和控制所述旋转套筒部的轴向运动和/或位移的轴向传感器。
CN201280058958.5A 2011-10-04 2012-10-04 油膜轴承 Expired - Fee Related CN104114885B (zh)

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RU2014117956A (ru) 2015-11-10
US9284978B2 (en) 2016-03-15
BR112014008201A2 (pt) 2017-06-13
EP2764263B1 (en) 2018-07-18
RU2613129C2 (ru) 2017-03-15
CN104114885A (zh) 2014-10-22
IN2014MN00834A (zh) 2015-04-17
US20160195133A1 (en) 2016-07-07
US9714679B2 (en) 2017-07-25
EP2764263A2 (en) 2014-08-13
WO2013050876A2 (en) 2013-04-11
WO2013050876A3 (en) 2013-06-13
UA113635C2 (xx) 2017-02-27

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