CN104111647A - Microbial fermentation bed large-fence pig house environment monitor system - Google Patents
Microbial fermentation bed large-fence pig house environment monitor system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104111647A CN104111647A CN201410327732.1A CN201410327732A CN104111647A CN 104111647 A CN104111647 A CN 104111647A CN 201410327732 A CN201410327732 A CN 201410327732A CN 104111647 A CN104111647 A CN 104111647A
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Abstract
A microbial fermentation bed large-fence pig house environment monitor system comprises a fermentation bed, a sensor unit, a PLC controller, a relay and an execution mechanism. The bottom surface of the fermentation bed is paved with a padding layer; the sensor unit comprises a temperature sensor, an air humidity sensor, a first padding humidity sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor and an ammonia gas sensor, wherein the temperature sensor, the air humidity sensor, the first padding humidity sensor, the carbon dioxide sensor and the ammonia gas sensor are connected with the PLC controller, and the first padding humidity sensor is arranged on the padding layer; the PLC controller is connected with the relay; and the execution mechanism comprises an aluminium alloy curtain, a draught fan water curtain, an axial flow fan, a sprinkler system and a spraying system, wherein the aluminium alloy curtain, the draught fan water curtain, the axial flow fan, the sprinkler system and the spraying system are connected with the relay. The monitor system helps to improve the growth efficiency and disease-resistant capability of pigs, reduce the feed consumption and solve the problem of pig manure pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is specifically related to the large hurdle of a kind of microbial fermentation bed pig house environment supervisory system.
Background technology
The cultivation of large swinery has very large difference with the cultivation that tradition is raised pigs, and tradition is raised pigs a hurdle at 20-80 head, and colony is less, without the problem of large swinery cultivation.The environmental monitoring system of tradition pig house had the report of several sections, and (Zhu Weixing wears the yellow roc of Chen Yun, the conservation pigsty environmental monitoring system based on Internet of Things to Zhu Weixing etc.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering .2012,28 (11) .-177-182.) report based on development of internet of things the visual regulator control system of nursery house environment, adopt Zigbee wireless technology will give up interior each cradling bed and surrounding devices composition Radio Network System, taking ARM-LINUX embedded server as field control center, the environmental parameter that system obtains according to the sensor being distributed in each cradling bed, microclimate environment in the each cradling bed of fine adjustment, by WIFI wireless technology by server and INTERNET seamless link, user side is extended and expand to pig house and indoor equipment, realize between environment and equipment, between environment and people, carry out message exchange.(Han Baolong [1,2] Ni Wei [2], based on WSN pig farm cultivation surroundings monitoring system for Han Baolong etc.Agriculture Mechanization in China journal .2014,35 (1) .-260-263,269.) according to difficult problems such as non-linear, the strong coupling existing in the Aquaculture Environmental Control process of pig farm, large inertia, wired mode cost that traditional environment supervisory system adopts is high, efficiency is low and the defect such as inconvenient laying management, design a kind of pig farm cultivation surroundings monitoring system of basic sensor network technology, and adopt based on RBF neural network decoupling control algolithm in system.Simulation result shows, system can be good at solving the strong coupling between envirment factor, improves the real-time of system.This system had not only had higher decoupling performance. but also can meet in monitor procedure multi-measuring point, many key elements, easily networking, the easily requirement of the aspect such as installation, there is good practical value and application prospect.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide the large hurdle of a kind of microbial fermentation bed pig house environment supervisory system, improves growth efficiency and the premunition of pig, reduces food consumption, solves pig manure and pollutes.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above by the following technical programs: the large hurdle of a kind of microbial fermentation bed pig house environment supervisory system, comprises fermentation bed, sensor unit, PLC controller, relay and topworks; The bottom surface of described fermentation bed is equipped with a padding layer;
Described sensor unit and topworks are all positioned at fermentation bed inside; Described sensor unit comprises temperature sensor, air humidity sensor, the first bedding and padding humidity sensor, carbon dioxide sensor and ammonia gas sensor, and temperature sensor, air humidity sensor, the first bedding and padding humidity sensor, carbon dioxide sensor and ammonia gas sensor are connected with described PLC controller respectively; Described the first bedding and padding humidity sensor is located in described padding layer; Described PLC controller is connected with relay;
Described topworks comprises aluminium alloy curtain, blower fan cascade, axial flow blower, spray system and spraying system, and described aluminium alloy curtain, blower fan cascade, axial flow blower, spray system and spraying system are connected with relay respectively.
Further, described sensor unit also comprises optical sensor, wind transducer and air velocity transducer, and optical sensor, wind transducer and air velocity transducer are connected with described PLC controller respectively.
Further, the height of described padding layer is 80cm; Described sensor unit also comprises two second bedding and padding humidity sensors, and described the first bedding and padding humidity sensor, two second bedding and padding humidity sensors corresponding 20cm, 40cm, the 60cm depth that is embedded in described padding layer respectively.
Further, described topworks also comprises illuminator, and this illuminator is connected with relay.
Further, the indices of described fermentation bed inside is as follows:
Air humidity is 65%-95%, and bedding and padding humidity is 65%-85%, and temperature is 15 DEG C～30 DEG C, CO
2concentration is less than 2000ppm, NH
3concentration is less than 20mg/m
3.
Further, described fermentation bed comprises a fermentation bed body and a top cover, and the floorage of this fermentation bed body is 1900m
2, height is 6m; Described top cover is 8m.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the large hurdle of microbial fermentation bed pig house environment supervisory system can cultivate 1500 growing and fattening pigs the same period; It is cool in summer and warm in winter that pig house can keep, and guarantee fermentation bed environment, in optimum state, is realized robotization control, improves growth efficiency and the premunition of pig, reduces food consumption, solves pig manure and pollutes; Lay padding layer on fermentation bed ground, padding layer connects bacteria microorganism, and pig cultivates in padding layer, and the ight soil row of discharge is decomposed and dissolved by microorganism, and original position is fermented into fertilizer, reaches odorless, zero and pollutes, improves meat quality and pig premunition texts.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of the large hurdle of microbial fermentation bed of the present invention pig house environment supervisory system.
Fig. 2 is the figure that coordinates of topworks and fermentation bed in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of fermentation bed in the present invention.
Embodiment
Refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the large hurdle of a kind of microbial fermentation bed pig house environment supervisory system, comprises fermentation bed, sensor unit, PLC controller, relay and topworks; Described fermentation bed comprises a fermentation bed body 1 and a top cover 2, and the floorage of this fermentation bed body 1 is 1900m
2, height is 6m; Described top cover 2 is 8m.The bottom surface of described fermentation bed is equipped with a padding layer (not shown), and the height of described padding layer is 80cm; The indices control of described fermentation bed inside is as follows:
Air humidity is 65%-95%, and bedding and padding humidity is 65%-85%, and temperature is 15 DEG C～30 DEG C, CO
2concentration is less than 2000ppm, NH
3concentration is less than 20mg/m
3.Pig is very responsive to the height of temperature, and high-density rearing, if air quality is poor, for advantage has been created in generation and the propagation of some disease
Referring again to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, described sensor unit and topworks are all positioned at fermentation bed inside; Described sensor unit comprises temperature sensor, air humidity sensor, the first bedding and padding humidity sensor, two second bedding and padding humidity sensors, carbon dioxide sensor, ammonia gas sensor, optical sensor, wind transducer and air velocity transducer, and temperature sensor, air humidity sensor, the first bedding and padding humidity sensor, two second bedding and padding humidity sensors, carbon dioxide sensor, ammonia gas sensor, optical sensor, wind transducer and air velocity transducer are connected with described PLC controller respectively; Described the first bedding and padding humidity sensor is located in described padding layer; Described the first bedding and padding humidity sensor, two second bedding and padding humidity sensors are corresponding 20cm, 40cm, the 60cm depth that is embedded in described padding layer respectively.Described PLC controller is connected with relay, and this PLC controller has an IO interface, and PLC controller is by this IO interface control linkage relay; Described topworks comprises aluminium alloy curtain, blower fan cascade, axial flow blower, spray system, spraying system and illuminator, and described aluminium alloy curtain, blower fan cascade, axial flow blower, spray system, spraying system and illuminator are connected with relay respectively, drive topworks by relay.
Referring again to Fig. 1, the man-machine interface (HMI) that the present invention also can comprise a PC and be connected with this PC, and one end of this PC is connected with PLC controller, the other end is connected respectively with temperature sensor, air humidity sensor, the first bedding and padding humidity sensor, two second bedding and padding humidity sensors, carbon dioxide sensor, ammonia gas sensor, optical sensor, wind transducer and air velocity transducer in sensor unit.
Described aluminium alloy curtain is electric aluminium alloy curtain, can automatically control aluminium alloy curtain and open and close, and aluminium alloy curtain, by time or light intensity identification daytime and evening, for windowing daytime, closes window evening; Detect to differentiate by air humidity and rain, window for fine day, the rainy day is closed window; By temperature detection, to control high temperature and window, low temperature closes window; Pass through CO
2and NH
3detection, while exceeding standard, control the ventilation of windowing, after ventilation in winter, close window and be incubated.
Described axial flow blower, for indoor air circulation, by time timer or air themperature and humidity, is opened or closing axle flow fan pulpit inner air flow.Described spraying system, for air sterillization and humidification, for the micro-spray sterilization of probio once a day, detects opening and closing spraying system by air humidity, increases air humidity, makes indoor air humidity be controlled at 65%-95%;
Described spray system is for bedding and padding humidification and add probio, detects bedding and padding humidity according to the first bedding and padding humidity sensor and the second bedding and padding humidity sensor, controls opening and closing, to increase bedding and padding humidity and probio.Described blower fan cascade is to enable in the time that aluminium alloy curtain is closed, and for decreasing temperature and increasing humidity, increases oxygen, reduces indoor CO
2, reduce indoor NH
3, monitor by pig house environment, control and carry out.
Referring again to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, when application has three kinds of duties time of the present invention: the one, electric aluminium alloy curtain closed condition, now, indoor temperature, humidity, ventilation are by the control of blower fan cascade, the temperature in conditioning chamber, humidity, CO
2, NH
3, the parameter such as illumination; The 2nd, electric aluminium alloy curtain opening state, now indoor only have axial flow blower controlled, evenly ventilates; The 3rd, the control of spraying system and spray system, no matter whether electric aluminium alloy curtain opening to be, the monitoring according to air humidity sensor to air humidity, spraying system control air humidity and carry out probio air sterillization; Detect the monitoring to bedding and padding humidity according to the first bedding and padding humidity sensor and the second bedding and padding humidity sensor, spray system control bedding and padding humidity and supplementary bedding and padding probio.Major control principle is as follows:
(1) adjusting of temperature and control
According to different phase, the requirement of Various Seasonal to temperature of pig growth, carry out temperature control.Winter-spring season (November, Dec, January, February) at temperature lower than 15 DEG C, electric aluminium alloy curtain is round-the-clock closes, and the control of temperature is undertaken by blower fan cascade.Can increase at low temperatures body temperature heat exhaustion, increase feed intake, reduce meat feed ratio, when pig is when lower limit critical temperature (15 DEG C), 1 DEG C of daily gain of the every decline of temperature reduces by 11～22g, and feed consumes 20～30g more.Winter-spring season bedding and padding produce biological heat when decomposition fecaluria reaches the dirty zero-emission of excrement, be conducive to the raising of temperature in fermentation bed, when pig house temperature is during higher than 25 DEG C, by the monitoring of temperature sensor, open blower fan cascade to pig house and be in fermentation bed temperature lower than 25 DEG C, stop blower fan, constantly circulate with this.
Summer and autumn at temperature higher than 25 DEG C, when pig is during in upper limit critical temperature (35 DEG C), 1 DEG C of daily gain of the every rising of temperature reduces by 15～30g, and feed consumes 60～70g more, therefore keeps pig house to have a suitable temperature very necessary.Now open electric aluminium alloy curtain, it is main adopting natural ventilation, can make the temperature in pig house be controlled at 30 DEG C, is beneficial to the growth of pig.When of short duration high temperature at noon in summer, when in pig house, temperature is higher than 35 DEG C, can close electric aluminium alloy curtain, open the cooling of blower fan cascade in good time, also can start spraying system, the cooling of roof spray system, temperature in pig house is down to below 30 DEG C, close blower fan cascade etc., open electric aluminium alloy curtain, constantly circulate with this.After noon, temperature can reach 30 DEG C when following by natural ventilation in pig house, keeps electric aluminium alloy curtain opening state, and pig house temperature is stabilized in below 30 DEG C.
(2) adjusting of humidity and control
Air humidity is always coefficient with temperature on the impact of pig, in the time that temperature is suitable, when relative humidity is raised to 75%-95% from 45%, to the feed intake of pig and weightening finish all without obvious harmful effect.When in pig house when low temperature and high relative humidity, pig intimate heat distributes aggravation, and pig feed intake increases, and weightening finish reduces.When hot and humid in pig house, directly affect pig inside and outside exchange heat, upset normal physiological and easily send out summer-heat disease.Suitable pigsty air moisture scope is at 65%-95%.When the air humidity of pig house is lower than 65% time, monitor by air humidity sensor, open spraying system, increase air humidity, while reaching 85%, close spraying system.Outdoor air humidity, electric aluminium alloy curtain opening and close, variation that blower fan cascade, spray system etc. all can affect pig house humidity, according to the different conditions of topworks, press the monitoring of pig house actual humidity, adopt different regulate and control methods, as electric aluminium alloy curtain, blower fan cascade, spray system, spraying system etc., humidity is controlled to 65%-95% scope.
The monitoring of bedding and padding humidity, has managed the fermentation of fermenting bed padding, and in bedding and padding, growth of microorganism is vigorous, decomposes pig manure ability, deodorizing capability, opposing cause of disease ability just by force.A control key of bedding and padding is in throughput and humidity, and throughput can be by the realization of turning over of tractor, and humidity realizes by spray system.The first bedding and padding humidity sensor, two second bedding and padding humidity sensors are imbedded respectively to 20cm, the 40cm of padding layer, the bedding and padding of the 60cm degree of depth, taking the humidity of the dark bedding and padding of the 20cm humidity that the first bedding and padding humidity sensor is monitored as standard, the humidity of padding layer is controlled at more than 65%, when padding layer humidity is lower than 65% time, open spray system, increase bedding and padding humidity, when humidity reaches 70%, close spray system, in the time using spray system, periodically add bacillus probio, can reach and supplement microorganism, strengthen the former ability of the anti-swine disease of bedding and padding.
(3) adjustment of air quality and control
In pig house, air quality mainly refers to gas concentration lwevel and ammonia concentration.When carbon dioxide in pig house and ammonia concentration are when too high, show the bad of pig house air quality, environment is vexed, and ammonia taste is large, unfavorable to pig growth.In atmosphere, carbon dioxide mean concentration is generally 0.03%, and luffing is less.In pig house, due to breathing and the defecation of pig, lack the inside and outside gas exchange of pig house, gas concentration lwevel increases obviously.Ammonia is a kind of poisonous, colourless, gas of having intense stimulus stink, and the ammonia source of pig house mainly contains that environment food-residue in the stomach digest, fecaluria, house of pig, bedding and padding organism are corrupt to be decomposed etc.The close relations such as the content of the interior ammonia of pig house and stocking density, temperature and humidity of piggery, pig house structure.A certain amount of ammonia enters respiratory tract can be caused cough, tracheitis, have difficulty in breathing, suffocate etc., and the aqueous solution of ammonia is alkalescence, and mucous membrane is had to pungency, when serious, alkali burn can occur, therefore can cause the various inflammation such as dysopia.Ammonia can enter blood by alveolar, is combined with haemoglobin, causes anaemia and histanoxia.
When pig house carbon dioxide mean concentration is greater than 2000ppm, in house, air is vexed, opens ventilation equipment.Ammonia can feel that least concentration is 5.3mg/L, China non-nuisance GB18407.3 regulation, and pig house ammonia concentration should be less than 20mg/m3, should open ventilation equipment, and ventilation equipment comprise blower fan cascade or electric aluminium alloy curtain.
Pig house temperature is controlled at below 30 DEG C, and air humidity is controlled at more than 65%, and bedding and padding humidity is controlled at more than 65%.Various Seasonal, difference round the clock, different wind speed, the control method difference of employing:
When low temperature season (temperature is below 15 DEG C), electric aluminium alloy curtain is closed, and the heat that the biological heat energy that microbial fermentation bed produces and pig are distributed heats up pig house and insulation, and pig house keeps 20 DEG C of temperature.When temperature is during higher than 25 DEG C, open the cooling of blower fan cascade; When pig house humidity is lower than 65% time, open spraying system and improve humidity; Be gas concentration lwevel and ammonia concentration while exceeding standard when air quality exceeds standard, ventilate if temperature higher than 25 DEG C, is opened electric aluminium alloy curtain, close after up to standard; Ventilate if temperature lower than 20 DEG C, is opened blower fan cascade, time up to standard, close.Bedding and padding humidity lower than 65% time, is opened spray system humidification, up to standard closing.
When thermophilic season (temperature is at 15-30 DEG C), the heat that the biological heat energy that microbial fermentation bed produces and pig are distributed, heats up pig house and insulation, and pig house keeps 25 DEG C of temperature.When temperature is during higher than 25 DEG C, open electric aluminium alloy curtain aeration-cooling, time up to standard, close.When air humidity is lower than 65% time, open spraying system and improve humidity, time up to standard, close; When bedding and padding humidity is lower than 65% time, opening spray system increases bedding and padding humidity, up to standard closing.
In the time of high temperature season (temperature is more than 30 DEG C), if when wind speed exceedes 3m/ second, open electric aluminium alloy curtain, reduce pig house temperature; If wind speed, lower than 3m/ second, is closed electric aluminium alloy curtain, open the cooling of blower fan cascade, up to standard closing; When pig house humidity is lower than 65% time, open spraying system and improve humidity; In the time that air quality exceeds standard, if when wind speed exceedes 3m/ second, open electric aluminium alloy curtain and ventilate; If wind speed, lower than 3m/ second, is closed electric aluminium alloy curtain, open blower fan cascade aeration-cooling, up to standard closing; Air humidity lower than 65% time, is opened spraying system and is improved air humidity, up to standard closing; Bedding and padding humidity lower than 65% time, is opened spray system humidification, up to standard closing.
The large hurdle of microbial fermentation bed of the present invention pig house environment supervisory system can cultivate 1500 growing and fattening pigs the same period, adopt automatic feeding system, automatic water-drinking system, adopt airtight pig house, by environmental monitoring, can keep cool in summer and warm in winter, improve growth efficiency and the premunition of pig, reduce food consumption, solve pig manure and pollute.The present invention utilizes plant refuse as husk, stalk, saw chaff, coconut palm chaff etc., make the padding layer of fermentation bed, connect bacteria microorganism, pig cultivates in padding layer, the ight soil row who discharges is decomposed and is dissolved by microorganism, original position is fermented into fertilizer, reaches odorless, zero and pollutes, improves meat quality and pig premunition texts.
Claims (6)
1. the large hurdle of a microbial fermentation bed pig house environment supervisory system, is characterized in that: comprise fermentation bed, sensor unit, PLC controller, relay and topworks; The bottom surface of described fermentation bed is equipped with a padding layer;
Described sensor unit and topworks are all positioned at fermentation bed inside; Described sensor unit comprises temperature sensor, air humidity sensor, the first bedding and padding humidity sensor, carbon dioxide sensor and ammonia gas sensor, and temperature sensor, air humidity sensor, the first bedding and padding humidity sensor, carbon dioxide sensor and ammonia gas sensor are connected with described PLC controller respectively; Described the first bedding and padding humidity sensor is located in described padding layer; Described PLC controller is connected with relay;
Described topworks comprises aluminium alloy curtain, blower fan cascade, axial flow blower, spray system and spraying system, and described aluminium alloy curtain, blower fan cascade, axial flow blower, spray system and spraying system are connected with relay respectively.
2. the large hurdle of microbial fermentation bed as claimed in claim 1 pig house environment supervisory system, it is characterized in that: described sensor unit also comprises optical sensor, wind transducer and air velocity transducer, and optical sensor, wind transducer and air velocity transducer are connected with described PLC controller respectively.
3. the large hurdle of microbial fermentation bed as claimed in claim 1 pig house environment supervisory system, is characterized in that: the height of described padding layer is 80cm; Described sensor unit also comprises two second bedding and padding humidity sensors, and described the first bedding and padding humidity sensor, two second bedding and padding humidity sensors corresponding 20cm, 40cm, the 60cm depth that is embedded in described padding layer respectively.
4. the large hurdle of microbial fermentation bed as claimed in claim 1 pig house environment supervisory system, is characterized in that: described topworks also comprises illuminator, this illuminator is connected with relay.
5. the large hurdle of microbial fermentation bed as claimed in claim 1 pig house environment supervisory system, is characterized in that: the indices of described fermentation bed inside is as follows:
Air humidity is 65%-95%, and bedding and padding humidity is 65%-85%, and temperature is 15 DEG C～30 DEG C, CO
2concentration is less than 2000ppm, NH
3concentration is less than 20mg/m
3.
6. the large hurdle of microbial fermentation bed as claimed in claim 1 pig house environment supervisory system, is characterized in that: described fermentation bed comprises a fermentation bed body and a top cover, and the floorage of this fermentation bed body is 1900m
2, height is 6m; Described top cover is 8m.
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| CN201410327732.1A CN104111647A (en) | 2014-07-10 | 2014-07-10 | Microbial fermentation bed large-fence pig house environment monitor system |
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| CN107203239A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-09-26 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of closed livestock and poultry cultivation environment decoupling slowly-releasing regulation and control method |
| CN107296011A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-10-27 | 道真仡佬族苗族自治县忠情牧业有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of pork pig |
| CN107422711A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-12-01 | 福建农林大学 | Fermentation bed operating real-time monitoring system for state and method outside a kind of breeding house |
| CN108491014A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-09-04 | 江西省计算技术研究所 | A kind of pig house monitor control system and method |
| CN110515410A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-29 | 日立楼宇技术（广州）有限公司 | A kind of farm's temperature/humidity control method, system and equipment |
| CN113589872A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-11-02 | 河南牧原智能科技有限公司 | Pigsty temperature and humidity control method, device and system and storage medium |
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| CN106804461A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-06-09 | 北京市畜牧总站 | A kind of bedding and padding machine for turning up the soil and harrowing |
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| CN113589872A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-11-02 | 河南牧原智能科技有限公司 | Pigsty temperature and humidity control method, device and system and storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20141022 |