CN101933462B - Negative-pressure ventilation type pig raising system based on biological fermenting bed - Google Patents

Negative-pressure ventilation type pig raising system based on biological fermenting bed Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101933462B
CN101933462B CN2010102379673A CN201010237967A CN101933462B CN 101933462 B CN101933462 B CN 101933462B CN 2010102379673 A CN2010102379673 A CN 2010102379673A CN 201010237967 A CN201010237967 A CN 201010237967A CN 101933462 B CN101933462 B CN 101933462B
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bedding
padding
pig
enclosure
roof
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CN101933462A (en
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范前进
肖秦
肖唫春
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SUICHUAN JIAYU ANIMAL HUSBANDRY CO Ltd
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SUICHUAN JIAYU ANIMAL HUSBANDRY CO Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a negative-pressure ventilation type pig raising system based on a microbial fermentation bed, comprising an enclosure, a roof and a pig raising yard, wherein the enclosure is built by construction materials; the roof is arranged on the top of the enclosure; and the pig raising yard is arranged in the enclosure. The enclosure is manufactured by hollow bricks and a double-layer wind tunnel hollow wall body is designed, the double-layer wind tunnel hollow wall body is communicated with an air intake channel at the groundsill, and a spray device is arranged at a wind tunnel port; the roof is designed by adopting roof heat insulation, such as multi-housing construction and the like, and the top part is provided with an exhaust fan and an air hole; and the pig raising yard is a microorganism fermenting bed pig raising yard which is a rectangular single-column yard, a cement passage is arranged at one side of the enclosure, and the rest of parts are the microorganism fermenting bed, and automatic feed boxes are arranged at the two ends of the cement passage. By adopting the pig raising system of the invention, zero emission of pig dung is realized in the true sense, the cleaning sanitary level of a pig field is improved all around, the feed utilization ratio is improved, the occurrence and spreading of diseases are effectively reduced, the pork quality is increased, the hog in-yard time is decreased, labor production ratio is improved, and the cost consumption of water, electricity and the like is reduced.

Description

A kind of exhaust ventilation formula system of raising pigs based on the microbial fermentation bed
Technical field
The present invention relates to the system of raising pigs, be specially a kind of system of raising pigs that carries out temperature adjustment based on microbial fermentation bed, employing exhaust ventilation.
Background technology
At present, the drawback that simple large-scale intensive pig production produced becomes increasingly conspicuous, and the method for many ecologically raising pigs also occurred thereupon, wherein most important a kind of be exactly the hurdle house of raising pigs that adopts the microbial fermentation bed.Fermentation bed to raise pig is briefly: just be to use microbial mat material (sawdust, wood chip, system chaff powder, husk, cotton seed hulls powder, cotton stalk meal, coconut shell powder, peanut shell meal etc. contains wherein one or more mixtures of the high material of raw fiber, adds the complex microorganism bacterial classification) to raise pigs; Pig lives on the thick microbial fermentation bedding and padding that reach 60~90 cm thicks (south thin the north thick); Food and drink are drawn and are spread all on bedding and padding, and the microbial fermentation effect in the back cushion material and the suction-operated of bedding and padding itself are released the excrement that comes and urine to pork chop and decomposed and assimilate and utilization; Change harmless material of odorless and bacterium protein into; Part can be supplied with pig feed usefulness, and meanwhile, pig lives on the hassock material; Provide pig arch to expect, tease, gnaw material, the similar psychological needs such as earth of eating; Satisfied the welfare of pig, thereby reduced the generation of psychological stress, the various routines that further reduced pig stress.Its bedding and padding of fermentation bed pig house are because beneficial bacterium has comparative advantage, and beneficial microbe colony has formed a defence harmful microbe natural cover for defense like this, has improved the non-specific immune function of pig, has strengthened the resistance against diseases of pig; Because all being absorbed by the microorganism bedding and padding, the pig manure material transforms; Can not give off any fecalurias and come influence environment from fermentation bed cultivation hurdle house; And fermentation bed to raise pig almost is destitute of smell, and the liquid dung that has no is discharged and cultured outside the hurdle house, is that the cultural technique of environmental protection is polluted in zero-emission completely, zero.Add that continuous arch of pig eats the mycoprotein that in fermentation bed, produces, suitable motion etc. make the meat of pig be improved, thereby produce the non-harmful pork product of high-quality, and protect environment to greatest extent, realize that the zero-emission of pig manure urine is desirable.And significantly improved the economic benefit and the social benefit of raising pigs.
Yet the hurdle house of raising pigs of Traditional use microbial fermentation bed has its significant disadvantages: the microorganism bedding and padding proportioning of 1, being thrown in the microbial fermentation bed is reasonable inadequately, and it is slow to cause the ight soil of pig to decompose, grows a large amount of harmful germs, has influence on the growth health of pig; The general being aligned of feed hamper of 2, raising pigs in the hurdle house is installed in the position near fence; This makes life pig wherein form the custom that fixed point is drained; Be unfavorable for that the microbial fermentation bed decomposes ight soil, and pig when food frequent four limbs take off the feed box, polluted food wherein; 3, the most important is exactly a ventilating problem, and fan and cascade are just adopted in present traditional pig house cooling, can only realize indoor circulation, and inner air and outer air can not effectively exchange, and this makes the oxious gas in the pig house to discharge, and has increased the incidence of disease of pig greatly.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solved is to provide a kind of exhaust ventilation formula based on microbial fermentation bed system of raising pigs, to solve the shortcoming in the above-mentioned background technology.
Technical problem solved by the invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
A kind of exhaust ventilation formula system of raising pigs based on the microbial fermentation bed; Comprise the enclosure wall that is built into by construction material, the roof at enclosure wall top, the hurdle house of raising pigs in the enclosure wall, said enclosure wall adopts hollow brick to replace common brick to make materials for wall, makes its thermal resistance improve 41%; And design thermal resistance value and performance of ventilating that double-deck wind-tunnel hollow wall improves body of wall; The enclosure wall outer wall is used the limewash painted white, improving albedo and the heat leakage rate of pig house outer surface, thereby reduces solar thermal energy in the pig house and the transmission of pig body; Enclosure wall ground place is provided with some air intake passages; Air intake passage is communicated with hollow wall, realizes circulation of air, and the wind-tunnel mouth of body of wall is equipped with sprayer unit and makes when more ventilating reducing rapidly in the water smoke suction pig house about pig house temperature 15 degree; Said roof adopts the less and air-locked roof Material of thermal conductivity factor to process, and takes the Architectural Construction thermal insulation of roof design of many rooms, and the top is provided with air exhauster and vent; The said hurdle house of raising pigs is slight biofermentation bed to raise pig hurdle house, for the single-row hurdle of rectangle house, Yi Bian fence wherein is provided with the cement passageway; Remainder is biological fermentation bed for slightly, and automatic dump food case is set at two ends, cement passageway, is convenient to force the pig motion; Be beneficial to stir the ground bedding and padding, cultivate the custom of unfixing defecation urine, or upset the custom of pig fixed location defecation as far as possible; The fecaluria that like this pork chop is gone out is assimilated by bedding and padding equably, reduces artificial auxiliary the covering.
Among the present invention, said biological fermentation bed preparation method slightly is:
1) mix
By the fermentation bed construction requirements, husk and sawdust respectively 50% are put into fermentation vat, and winter-spring season is sprinkled into rice bran 3kg/m in the above 3And 0.3kg/m 3The yeast chaff that bacterial classification is made carries out manual work or machine mixing, guarantees humidity 45% (moisture ratio 1kg/m 3), hold not agglomeratingly, husk, sawdust, rice bran and bacterial classification are mixed fully.
(2) heap fermentation
After bedding and padding behaviour evenly mixes,, pile up the back and on the fermentation bedding and padding, divide 4 to 5 parts to one side heap fermentation; In every part, put into mercurial thermometer, every morning, noon and inspection fermentation in evening bedding and padding variations in temperature guarantee that temperature rises to 45-50 ℃ in 24 hours; Reach 60-70 ℃ in 5-7 days, stirred bedding and padding again 1 time, and spread the bedding and padding that ferment after 3 weeks basically out in every separated 5-7 days; Only after bedding and padding complete fermentation maturation, just can be used to raise pigs.
(3) bedding and padding are laid
Bedding and padding are through after fully fermenting, and temperature should be steady basically, and when spreading bedding and padding out, smell is salubrious, and one lactic acid fragrance is arranged.This explanation bedding and padding success of having fermented promptly can be carried out the laying of bedding and padding, spreads bedding and padding out every nook and cranny, paves.
Among the present invention, also can in swinery, place toy, as the colour ball of slinging, harder little basketballs etc. let pig play, and so also can increase bedding and padding, the not effect of fixing defecation of stirring.
Among the present invention, the groove edge of said automatic dump food case and the interval between the food tank wall can not get into crib with the pig four limbs.
The system ventilation ventilation principle of raising pigs described in the present invention through the negative pressure exhausting, makes the exchange of indoor and outdoor air with indoor hot gas, and oxious gas is discharged fully, inflow fresh air naturally, and any sultry improper ventilation problem all can effectively be improved.The per hour indoor and outdoor air exchange of one typhoon machine with 1000M3; The effect that makes each indoor position have family's fan directly to blow in the time of exhausting; If starting the ventilating opening sprayer unit when temperature is higher makes when more ventilating reducing rapidly in the water smoke suction pig house about pig house temperature 15 degree; Just fan and cascade are used in traditional pig house cooling, can only interiorly circulate, and the inner air and outer air exchange can not effectively circulate at all.
Beneficial effect: adopt the system of raising pigs of the present invention to realize the zero-emission truly of pig manure urine; Improved pig farm sanitation and hygiene level comprehensively, improved efficiency of feed utilization, effectively reduced the generation of disease and spread; Improve meat quality; The minimizing big porker is the time on the hurdle, raises labour productivity, and reduces cost consumptions such as water power.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a sketch map of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the sketch map of hurdle house of raising pigs
Fig. 3 is the sketch map of automatic dump food case
Embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach purpose and effect and be easy to understand and understand, below in conjunction with concrete diagram, further set forth the utility model.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of exhaust ventilation formula based on microbial fermentation bed system of raising pigs comprises the enclosure wall 1 that is built into by construction material, the roof 2 at enclosure wall top, the hurdle house 3 of raising pigs in the enclosure wall; Said enclosure wall 1 adopts hollow brick to replace common brick to make materials for wall; Make its thermal resistance improve 41%, and design thermal resistance value and the performance of ventilating that double-deck wind-tunnel hollow wall improves body of wall, enclosure wall 1 outer wall is used the limewash painted white; To improve the albedo and the heat leakage rate of pig house outer surface; Thereby reduce solar thermal energy in the pig house with the transmission of pig body, enclosure wall 1 ground place is provided with some air intake passages 11, air intake passage 11 is communicated with hollow wall; Realize circulation of air, the wind-tunnel mouth 12 of body of wall is equipped with sprayer unit and makes when more ventilating reducing rapidly in the water smoke suction pig house about pig house temperature 15 degree; Said roof 2 adopts the less and air-locked roof Material of thermal conductivity factors to process, and takes thermal insulation of roof design such as many rooms Architectural Construction, and the top is provided with air exhauster 21 and vent 22.
Referring to Fig. 2, the said hurdle house 3 of raising pigs is slight biofermentation bed to raise pig hurdle house, is designed to the single-row hurdle of rectangle house; Fence 31 wherein is provided with on one side cement passageway 32, and remainder be biological fermentation bed slightly 33, automatic dump is set at 32 two ends, cement passageway eats case 34; Be convenient to force the pig motion, be beneficial to stir the ground bedding and padding, cultivate the custom of unfixing defecation urine; Or upset the custom of discharging feces in the pig fixed location as far as possible, the fecaluria that like this pork chop is gone out is assimilated by bedding and padding equably, reduces artificial auxiliary the covering; And in swinery, place toy, as the colour ball of slinging, harder little basketball etc.; Let pig play, so also can increase bedding and padding, the not effect of fixing defecation of stirring.
In the present embodiment, said biological fermentation bed preparation method slightly is:
1) mix
By the fermentation bed construction requirements, husk and sawdust respectively 50% are put into fermentation vat, and winter-spring season is sprinkled into rice bran 3kg/m in the above 3And 0.3kg/m 3The yeast chaff that bacterial classification is made carries out manual work or machine mixing, guarantees humidity 45% (moisture ratio 1kg/m 3), hold not agglomeratingly, husk, sawdust, rice bran and bacterial classification are mixed fully.
(2) heap fermentation
After bedding and padding behaviour evenly mixes,, pile up the back and on the fermentation bedding and padding, divide 4 to 5 parts to one side heap fermentation; Put into mercurial thermometer respectively and measure, every morning, noon and inspection fermentation in evening bedding and padding variations in temperature guarantee that temperature rises to 45-50 ℃ in 24 hours; Reach 60-70 ℃ in 5-7 days, stirred bedding and padding again 1 time, and spread the bedding and padding that ferment after 3 weeks basically out in every separated 5-7 days; Only after bedding and padding complete fermentation maturation, just can be used to raise pigs.
(3) bedding and padding are laid
Bedding and padding are through after fully fermenting, and temperature should be steady basically, and when spreading bedding and padding out, smell is salubrious, and one lactic acid fragrance is arranged.This explanation bedding and padding success of having fermented promptly can be carried out the laying of bedding and padding, spreads bedding and padding out every nook and cranny, paves.
Referring to Fig. 3, the groove of automatic dump food case 34 can not get into crib along the interval between 34a and the food tank wall 34b with the pig four limbs.
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; The present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; That describes in the foregoing description and the specification just explains principle of the present invention; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from spirit and scope of the invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these variations and improvement all fall in the scope of the invention that requires protection.The present invention requires protection domain to be defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (4)

1. the exhaust ventilation formula based on microbial fermentation bed system of raising pigs; Comprise the enclosure wall that is built into by construction material, the roof at enclosure wall top, the hurdle house of raising pigs in the enclosure wall; It is characterized in that said enclosure wall adopts hollow brick to make materials for wall, and designs double-deck wind-tunnel hollow wall; The enclosure wall outer wall is used the limewash painted white; Enclosure wall ground place is provided with some air intake passages, and air intake passage is communicated with hollow wall, and the wind-tunnel mouth of body of wall is equipped with sprayer unit and makes when more ventilating reducing the pig house temperature in the water smoke suction pig house rapidly; Said roof adopts the less and air-locked roof Material of thermal conductivity factor to process, and takes the Architectural Construction thermal insulation of roof design of many rooms, and the top is provided with air exhauster and vent; The said hurdle house of raising pigs is microbial fermentation bed to raise pig hurdle house, is the single-row hurdle of rectangle house, Yi Bian fence wherein is provided with the cement passageway, remainder is the microbial fermentation bed, and automatic dump food case is set at two ends, cement passageway.
2. a kind of exhaust ventilation formula based on the microbial fermentation bed according to claim 1 system of raising pigs is characterized in that the preparation method of said microbial fermentation bed is:
1) mix
By the fermentation bed construction requirements, husk and sawdust respectively 50% are put into fermentation vat, and winter-spring season is sprinkled into rice bran 3kg/m in the above 3And 0.3kg/m 3The yeast chaff that bacterial classification is made carries out manual work or machine mixing, guarantees humidity 45%, holds not agglomeratingly, and husk, sawdust, rice bran and bacterial classification are mixed fully;
(2) heap fermentation
After bedding and padding behaviour evenly mixes,, pile up the back and on the fermentation bedding and padding, divide 4 to 5 parts to one side heap fermentation; Put into mercurial thermometer in every part, every morning, noon and inspection fermentation in evening bedding and padding variations in temperature guarantee that temperature rises to 45-50 ℃ in 24 hours; Reach 60-70 ℃ in 5-7 days, stirred bedding and padding again 1 time, and spread the bedding and padding that ferment after 3 weeks basically out in every separated 5-7 days; Only after bedding and padding complete fermentation maturation, just can be used to raise pigs;
(3) bedding and padding are laid
Bedding and padding are through after the abundant fermentation, and temperature should be steady basically, and when spreading bedding and padding out, smell is salubrious, and one lactic acid fragrance is arranged, and the success of having fermented of these explanation bedding and padding promptly can be carried out the laying of bedding and padding, spreads bedding and padding out every nook and cranny, paves.
3. a kind of exhaust ventilation formula based on the microbial fermentation bed according to claim 1 system of raising pigs is characterized in that, places toy in the said hurdle house of raising pigs and plays by pig.
4. a kind of exhaust ventilation formula based on the microbial fermentation bed according to claim 1 system of raising pigs is characterized in that, the groove edge of said automatic dump food case and the interval between the food tank wall can not get into crib with the pig four limbs.
CN2010102379673A 2010-07-27 2010-07-27 Negative-pressure ventilation type pig raising system based on biological fermenting bed Expired - Fee Related CN101933462B (en)

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