CN104094825B - A kind of tobacco floating seed rearing root system epitaxial growth process - Google Patents
A kind of tobacco floating seed rearing root system epitaxial growth process Download PDFInfo
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- CN104094825B CN104094825B CN201410312215.7A CN201410312215A CN104094825B CN 104094825 B CN104094825 B CN 104094825B CN 201410312215 A CN201410312215 A CN 201410312215A CN 104094825 B CN104094825 B CN 104094825B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of tobacco floating seed rearing root system epitaxial growth process, belongs to agricultural technology field, solves root system damage in existing floating seedlings, the problem of fertilizer waste.The method comprises the selection in nursery place, the preparation of floating seedling tray and seedling medium, sowing, enters pond and supplies water, water management, temperature treatment, thinning final singling, step such as control seedling and hardening etc.Become thoroughly decomposed cotton seed hulls or mushroom offcuts, fine sand, ground surface soil, Chinese herbal medicine waste residue powder of employing combines as matrix, substantially improves the various growth forms of cigarette seedling.Due to adding of Chinese herbal medicine, the incidence of disease of various virus disease greatly can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, particularly a kind of tobacco floating seed rearing root system epitaxial growth process.
Background technology
In recent years, (cause of disease of tobacco bacterial wilt is eggplant Pseudomonas alba (PseudomonassolanacearumE.F.Smith) to major part cigarette district bacterial wilt, belong to pseudomonas), balck shank (phytophthora parasitica tobacco pathogen type (Phytophtoraparasiticavar.nicotianaeTucker) is Oomycete fungal), root rot (this disease can the multiple Infected with Pathogenic Fungis such as, sickle-like bacteria mould by corruption, epidemic disease be mould cause) weather spot disease, rust, angle spot wildfire etc.Main harm seedling, Adult plant also can be fallen ill.Their early stage, only that indivedual supporting root and fibrous root are susceptible, and gradually to main root expansion, after main root is susceptible, early stage plant not reveal any symptoms, after along with the aggravation of butt rot degree, the function absorbing moisture and nutrient weakens gradually, and supply falls short of demand because of nutrient for acrial part, first young leaves turns to be yellow, when strong, the evaporation discharge of illumination is large at noon, wilting just appears in plant upper blade, but can recover again night.When being in a bad way, wilting situation can not be recovered night again, whole strain yellow leaf, withered.Now, root skin browning, and being separated with marrow, last complete stool is dead), (pathogen of anthracnose of tobacco is anthracnose of tobacco thorn dish spore to anthracnose, belongs to half spore bacterium subphylum Melanconiales, Melanconiaceae, and thorn dish spore is sick.Germ is stayed soil with mycelia and conidium in company with the residual body of diseased plant and mixedly rawly to survive the winter in fertilizer, or with mycelia in seed or stick to the surface of the seed with conidium and survive the winter.The primary infection inoculum of Second Year is mainly with soil bacteria) etc. the morbidity of multiple tobacco rhizome class heavier, and on the rise, simultaneously, former cigarette after part cigarette district is roasting, particularly upper leaf nicotine content is too high, and sugared alkali is than inharmonious, cigarette compatibility is poor, and industrial utilization rate is lower.Research shows, most of tubers pathogen invades to rolling into a ball between the early stage in transplanting, and infection way major part is that wound invades, nicotine mainly synthesizes the root cap in root system, nicotine content is directly proportional to the quantity of adventive root, and adventive root quantity is more, and nicotine synthesis is more.
In addition, in floating seedlings, traditional tobacco floating seed rearing dish generally uses foaming floating seedlings cave dish to carry out nursery, disk body is evenly distributed with multiple nursery cave, be provided with bottom outlet in the bottom in nursery cave, during nursery, matrix added in nursery cave, foaming floating seedlings cave dish is positioned in floating pool, Ensure Liquid liquid and fertilizer in floating pool water.
The floating seedling-cultivating method of educating of tradition affects by the factor such as water, fertilizer, cigarette seedling major part axial root system grows to downwards in floating pool, and in seedling-cultivating tray, root system is less, seedling-cultivating tray outer root system frangibility during transplanting, root system damage is serious, cause transplanting rear self disease resistance of cigarette seedling poor, various with being that class pathogen root system invades through wound, after environmental condition is applicable to, tubers disease concentrates outburst, meanwhile, by a large amount of adventive root after cigarette seedling main root cuts off, nicotine synthetic amount is added.
Tobacco floating seedling culture matrix is the key of whole technical system, namely matrix be the fixed support body of tobacco seedling growth, it is again the supply carrier of moisture, nutrient solution needed for cigarette seedling normal growth, matrix quality and using method directly affect emerge quality and seedling quality, therefore, selector standardization matrix and proper use of be the key of floating seedlings technology success or failure.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to grow downwards for root system in existing floating seedlings cause transplanting root system damage, and cause the problem of transplanting self disease resistance difference of rear cigarette seedling, with in existing floating seedlings culturing method, fertilizer is added in floating pool, in existing floating seedlings, fertilizer is added in floating pool, and cigarette seedling utilizable be only fraction, the problem that fertilizer is wasted in a large number; A kind of tobacco floating seed rearing root system epitaxial growth process is provided, avoids root system in seedling raising process and grow the root system damage caused downwards, decrease the waste of fertilizer, add traditional Chinese medicinal components bactericide simultaneously, have good effect to tobacco rhizome disease.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of tobacco floating seed rearing root system epitaxial growth process, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1. the selection in nursery place, nursery place election is leeward, and physical features is smooth, has a good transport service on the sunny side, and near source of clean water, irrigation and drainage are convenient, and subterranean water level is low, the free of contamination place of surrounding;
2. floating seedling tray and seedling medium,
Floating seedling tray: except new building, floating seedling tray needs sterilization before use, sprays drenched seedling dish with the formalin solution of 1%-2% or the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 15%, and the stifling 24h of sealing, cleans with clear water; Each floating seedling tray arranges 200 seedling caves.
Described matrix adds coating controlled-release fertilizer after treatment again by the raw material of following percentage by weight to make:
58% becomes thoroughly decomposed cotton seed hulls or mushroom offcuts+28% fine sand+9% ground surface soil+5% Chinese herbal medicine waste residue, and the addition of described coating controlled-release fertilizer is 25-35g/ dish; Described Chinese herbal medicine waste residue is prepare the Chinese herbal medicine waste residue obtained in bactericide process; Described coating controlled-release fertilizer is controlled release period is the 3-6 grease coating of individual month;
The preparation method of described matrix is: become thoroughly decomposed cotton seed hulls or the mushroom offcuts of aforementioned proportion, fine sand, ground surface soil, Chinese herbal medicine waste residue powder are broken to 5 orders, mix, then carry out disinfection; Then Controlled Release Fertilizer is mixed with matrix, obtain levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance; Described disinfection way is: every thick matrix of 5cm, with 80 times this beauteously dissolution homogeneity water more than 30cm, stifling more than 10 days of sealing, scarifying is dried loose malicious; Add coating controlled-release fertilizer during use to mix and get final product;
In described coating controlled-release fertilizer, the weight ratio of N, P, K is (15-20): (4-10): (6-15), also adds 0.1%-0.5% bactericide in described coating controlled-release fertilizer; Described bactericide is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: tobacco 25-35, black false hellebore 10-20, garlic 15-25, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 10-20, tree-of-heaven 15-25, datura 10-20, Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis 10-20, weeping willow 20-25; By above-mentioned raw materials with the alcohol extract three times of 90%, merge extract, after concentrated, drying, obtain dry powder use; Chinese herbal medicine waste residue is as the raw material of matrix;
The preparation method of described coating controlled-release fertilizer comprises the following steps:
1) more than three kinds in urea, diammonium phosphate, calcium cyanamide, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, superphosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate are taken, make the weight ratio of N, P, K for (15-20): (4-10): (6-15), then bactericide dry powder is taken, mixing granulation, obtains non-coated fertilizer grain;
2) take coated fertilizer, by step 1) non-coated fertilizer grain carry out mechanical agitation coating, the weight ratio of described coated fertilizer and non-coated fertilizer grain is 4-20:100;
3) step 2 is repeated) 0-3 time, obtain coating controlled-release fertilizer;
Described coated fertilizer is mixed to get by the raw material of following weight portion:
Grease 100, curing agent 25, drier 10; Wherein said grease coating oil used is the mixture of linseed oil and soybean oil 1:2; Described curing agent is epoxy curing agent T-31 (Tianjin Yan Hai Chemical Co., Ltd. produces and sells), and described drier is cobalt naphthenate;
3. sow: sowing time is conventional seedbed system sowing time early 5-7 days comparatively; After floating seedling tray installs matrix and Controlled Release Fertilizer, the kind cave of pressure cave, nursery cave device pressure 0.3-0.5 centimetre in each seedling-cultivating tray, broadcasts 1-2 grain seed, without the need to lid matrix above seed in each cave;
4. by step 3. in floating seedling tray insert in floating pool;
5. water management: maintaining water depth in floating pool is 2-5cm;
6. temperature treatment: temperature of shed controls at 20 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C; Emerge to the little cross phase, to be incubated; Temperature of shed, lower than 15 DEG C, should take Insulation in time; And higher than 30 DEG C, should be aeration-cooling in time; From the little cross phase to seedling, temperature higher than 35 DEG C, then should adopt ventilation or spray cooling measure in time;
7. thinning and final singling: seedling, final singling during little cross, ensure every cave one seedling, cigarette seedling is even;
8. control seedling and hardening: every 9-12 after cigarette seedling envelope dish, spray 1000 times of 5% uniconazole P wetting powder, control cigarette seedling
Longitudinal growth, promotes cane cross growth; Transplant and start to take hardening for first 7 days-10 days;
9. strong sprout standard: height of seedling 9-12 centimetre, stem height 5-8 centimetre, cane is sturdy, is rich in toughness, not frangibility; Leaf look just green, and without damage by disease and insect, true leaf 6-9 sheet, side root is flourishing, and population growth neat and consistent, seedling age 55 ~ 65 days, single-deck planting percent reaches more than 95%.
Preferably, in described coating controlled-release fertilizer, the weight ratio of N, P, K is 20:8:10.
Preferably, 0.3% bactericide is also added in described coating controlled-release fertilizer.
Preferably, described coating controlled-release fertilizer to be controlled release period the be grease coating of 3 months.
Preferably, described each floating seedling tray arranges 200 seedling caves.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. seedling-cultivating method of the present invention can control root system and grow in floating pool that (the floating seedling-cultivating method of educating of tradition is by water downwards, the factor impacts such as fertilizer, cigarette seedling major part axial root system grows to downwards in floating pool, in seedling-cultivating tray, root system is less, seedling-cultivating tray outer root system frangibility during transplanting, root system damage is serious, cause transplanting rear self disease resistance of cigarette seedling poor, various with being that class pathogen root system invades through wound, after environmental condition is applicable to, tubers disease concentrates outburst, simultaneously, by a large amount of adventive root after cigarette seedling main root cuts off, add nicotine synthetic amount), thus make root system illegally occupy in seedling-cultivating tray, when avoiding transplanting, the outer root system of seedling-cultivating tray fractures, avoid root system damage, also the incidence of disease of rhizome disease is greatly reduced, simultaneously, seedling-cultivating method of the present invention, film-coated and slow release fertilizer is added in floating seedling tray, there is longer deenergized period, thus avoid and repeatedly add fertilizer (common floating seedlings is added by fertilizer in the water in floating pool, owing to will ensure that tobacco seedling can absorb sufficient nutrient in each stage, gradation is needed to add fertilizer in floating pool, after emerging, need each by fertilizer used with after hot water dissolving, with regard in pond, need between nursery stage to add fertilizer 3-4 time, during nursery in enormous quantities, considerably increase manual labor) the artificial waste that causes, simultaneously, decrease the waste of fertilizer (in existing floating seedlings, fertilizer is added in floating pool, and cigarette seedling utilizable be only fraction, fertilizer is caused to waste in a large number).
2. floating seedlings culturing method of the present invention adopts coated release-controlled fertilizer technology, and adds bactericide; Along with temperature raises; the release rate of fertilizer increases; and accelerate with the growth rate of the rising plant of temperature; fertilizer requirement increases, and the release feature of this fertilizer just in time adapts with the growth uptake characters of crop, the availability of raising fertilizer that like this can be strong; realize single-dose application and meet crop whole vegetative period to the demand of the nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, sulphur; also can make that peasant saves time, saving of labor, laborsaving, reduce production cost, reduce and pollute, preserve the ecological environment.Owing to adding bactericide, avoid the infection of nursery stage germ, also greatly reduce the generation of transplanting stem stalk class disease behind land for growing field crops.
3. floating seedlings culturing method of the present invention can make Quality of Seedlings significantly improve nutrient solution fertilising, prick under major part tobacco root system in female bed soil or floating pool, major part root system damage during transplanting, be unfavorable for cultivating anosis strong sprout, this technology ensure that has sufficient nutrition and moisture to absorb for cigarette seedling in raising tray, and by spray plant growth regulator and intermittent water application technology, upper-controlling-lower-promoting, reduce leaf-cutting number of times, adjustment root/shoot ratio, thus cultivate anosis nothing and hinder strong sprout.
4. significantly can reduce under this technology of upper tobacco leaf nicotine content can effectively limit tobacco root system and prick, increase cigarette seedling main root length, during minimizing cigarette transplantation of seedlings, axial root system fractures and plants rear adventive root quantity, reduces nicotine content.
5. method of the present invention adopts become thoroughly decomposed cotton seed hulls or mushroom offcuts, fine sand, ground surface soil, Chinese herbal medicine waste residue powder to combine as matrix, substantially improves the various growth forms of cigarette seedling.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the tobacco root system growing state (bottom seedling-cultivating tray) of comparative example in embodiment 3;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the tobacco root system growing state (bottom seedling-cultivating tray) of experimental example in embodiment 3;
Accompanying drawing 3 is the tobacco root system growing state of comparative example in embodiment 3;
Accompanying drawing 4 is the tobacco root system growing state of experimental example in embodiment 3;
Accompanying drawing 5 is tobacco root system growing state contrast figure in comparative example and experimental example in embodiment 3.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, illustrate content of the present invention further below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention is not only confined to the following examples, embodiment should not regard as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Below in conjunction with example, the present invention will be further described:
Embodiment 1
A kind of tobacco floating seed rearing root system epitaxial growth process, comprises the following steps:
1. the selection in nursery place, nursery place election is leeward, and physical features is smooth, has a good transport service on the sunny side, and near source of clean water, irrigation and drainage are convenient, and subterranean water level is low, the free of contamination place of surrounding;
2. seedling-cultivating tray and seedling medium,
Floating seedling tray: except new building, floating seedling tray needs sterilization before use, sprays drenched seedling dish with the formalin solution of 1%-2% or the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 15%, and the stifling 24h of sealing, cleans with clear water; Each floating seedling tray arranges 200 seedling caves.
Described matrix adds coating controlled-release fertilizer after treatment again by the raw material of following percentage by weight to make:
58% becomes thoroughly decomposed cotton seed hulls or mushroom offcuts+28% fine sand+9% ground surface soil+5% Chinese herbal medicine waste residue, and the addition of described coating controlled-release fertilizer is 25-35g/ dish; Described Chinese herbal medicine waste residue is prepare the Chinese herbal medicine waste residue obtained in bactericide process; Described coating controlled-release fertilizer to be controlled release period the be grease coating of 3 months;
The preparation method of described matrix is: become thoroughly decomposed cotton seed hulls or the mushroom offcuts of aforementioned proportion, fine sand, ground surface soil, Chinese herbal medicine waste residue powder are broken to 5 orders, mix, then carry out disinfection; Then Controlled Release Fertilizer is mixed with matrix, obtain levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance; Described disinfection way is: every thick matrix of 5cm, with 80 times this beauteously dissolution homogeneity water more than 30cm, stifling more than 10 days of sealing, scarifying is dried loose malicious; Add coating controlled-release fertilizer during use to mix and get final product;
In described coating controlled-release fertilizer, the weight ratio of N, P, K is 20:8:10.0.3% bactericide is also added in described coating controlled-release fertilizer; Described bactericide is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: tobacco 25-35, black false hellebore 10-20, garlic 15-25, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 10-20, tree-of-heaven 15-25, datura 10-20, Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis 10-20, weeping willow 20-25; By above-mentioned raw materials with the alcohol extract three times of 90%, merge extract, after concentrated, drying, obtain dry powder use; Chinese herbal medicine waste residue is as the raw material of matrix;
The preparation method of described coating controlled-release fertilizer comprises the following steps:
1) more than three kinds in urea, diammonium phosphate, calcium cyanamide, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, superphosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate are taken, the weight ratio of N, P, K is made to be 20:8:10, then take bactericide dry powder, mixing granulation, obtain non-coated fertilizer grain;
2) take coated fertilizer, by step 1) non-coated fertilizer grain carry out mechanical agitation coating, the weight ratio of described coated fertilizer and non-coated fertilizer grain is 5:100;
3) step 2 is repeated) 0-3 time, obtain coating controlled-release fertilizer;
Described coated fertilizer is mixed to get by the raw material of following weight portion:
Grease 100, curing agent 25, drier 10; Wherein said grease coating oil used is the mixture of linseed oil and soybean oil 1:2; Described curing agent is epoxy curing agent T-31 (Tianjin Yan Hai Chemical Co., Ltd. produces and sells), and described drier is cobalt naphthenate;
3. sow: sowing time is conventional seedbed system sowing time early 5-7 days comparatively; After floating seedling tray installs matrix and Controlled Release Fertilizer, the kind cave of pressure cave, nursery cave device pressure 0.3-0.5 centimetre in each seedling-cultivating tray, broadcasts 1-2 grain seed, without the need to lid matrix above seed in each cave;
4. by step 3. in floating seedling tray insert in floating pool;
5. water management: maintaining water depth in floating pool is 2-5cm;
6. temperature treatment: temperature of shed controls at 20 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C; Emerge to the little cross phase, to be incubated; Temperature of shed, lower than 15 DEG C, should take Insulation in time; And higher than 30 DEG C, should be aeration-cooling in time; From the little cross phase to seedling, temperature higher than 35 DEG C, then should adopt ventilation or spray cooling measure in time;
7. thinning and final singling: seedling, final singling during little cross, ensure every cave one seedling, cigarette seedling is even;
8. control seedling and hardening: every 9-12 after cigarette seedling envelope dish, spray 1000 times of 5% uniconazole P wetting powder, control cigarette seedling
Longitudinal growth, promotes cane cross growth; Transplant and start to take hardening for first 7 days-10 days;
9. strong sprout standard: height of seedling 9-12 centimetre, stem height 5-8 centimetre, cane is sturdy, is rich in toughness, not frangibility; Leaf look just green, and without damage by disease and insect, true leaf 6-9 sheet, side root is flourishing, and population growth neat and consistent, seedling age 55 ~ 65 days, single-deck planting percent reaches more than 95%.
Embodiment 2: Linyi Yan Qu pallet direct sowing and seedling localization development test
One: test site: Linyi City Fei County, Junan, Yishui, the Cangshan
Two: experimental scheme:
1. localized seedling matrix material screening test design.
Test establishes 5 process, A1: fully become thoroughly decomposed wheat or maize straw; A2: decomposed cow dung; A3: cotton seed hulls; A4: turfy soil; A5: commodity matrix (contrast)
2. localized seedling medium formula test design
On the screening basis of the alternative matrix of 2012, study seedling mediumization formula, 5 process are established in test, are respectively, and T1:70% fully becomes thoroughly decomposed wheat stalk+30% loess; T2:60% fully becomes thoroughly decomposed wheat stalk+30% fine sand+10% loess; T3:70% becomes thoroughly decomposed cotton seed hulls or mushroom offcuts+30% loess; T4:58% becomes thoroughly decomposed cotton seed hulls or mushroom offcuts+28% fine sand+9% ground surface soil+5% Chinese herbal medicine waste residue; T5:70% turfy soil+30% loess.
3. commodity seedling medium physicochemical character research
The index such as structure, physical property (unit weight, total porosity, particle diameter), chemical property (chemical composition of matrix, stability, acid-base value, cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity, buffer capacity) of research commodity nursery, grasps the main physicochemical character of matrix.
4. respectively disease survey result is processed.
Three, results and analysis
1. localized seedling matrix material screening test results and analysis
The leading indicator investigation results such as different localized seedling matrix material seedling-growing time, emergence rate, one-tenth chlorophyll relative content in seedling stage, planting percent, regularity and growth potential are as shown in following table 1-3.
A table 12012 year Fei County point respectively processes the leading indicator investigation results such as the situation of emerging
A table 22012 year Junan point respectively processes the leading indicator investigation results such as the situation of emerging
| Test process | Emerge number of days (my god) | Emergence rate (%) | Planting percent (%) | Regularity | Growth potential |
| Cotton seed hulls | 14 | 89.5 | 90.5 | Neater | Stronger |
| Wheat straw | 12 | 82.6 | 83.2 | Neater | Stronger |
| Turfy soil | 10 | 95.3 | 93.2 | Neater | Stronger |
| Cow dung | 15 | 88.2 | 82.3 | Neater | Stronger |
| Commodity matrix | 10 | 97.3 | 95.3 | Neater | Stronger |
A table 32012 year Yishui point respectively processes the leading indicator investigation results such as the situation of emerging
| Process | Sowing time | Emergence rate | Planting percent | Regularity |
| Cotton seed hulls | 9/3 | 87.5％ | 89.0％ | Better |
| Wheat straw | 9/3 | 81.0％ | 84.0％ | Difference |
| Turfy soil | 9/3 | 91.0％ | 90.0％ | Good |
| Cow dung | 9/3 | 90.0％ | 84.0％ | Better |
| Commodity matrix | 9/3 | 93.0％ | 89.0％ | Good |
Different localized seedling matrix material grand cross phase Other Main Agronomic Characters investigation result is as shown in table 4 below.
Table 42012 year Fei County grand cross phase Other Main Agronomic Characters application form
Different localized seedling matrix material becomes seedling stage Other Main Agronomic Characters investigation result to see the following form shown in 5-7.
A table 52012 year Fei County point becomes Other Main Agronomic Characters application form in seedling stage
A table 62012 year Junan point becomes Other Main Agronomic Characters application form in seedling stage
A table 72012 year Yishui point becomes Other Main Agronomic Characters application form in seedling stage
| Process | Plant height (cm) | The number of sheets (sheet) | Stem thick (cm) | Stem fresh weight (g) | Root fresh weight (g) | Main root length (cm) |
| Cotton seed hulls | 4.6 | 5.0 | 0.21 | 2.0 | 0.61 | 4.8 |
| Wheat straw | 4.7 | 5.0 | 0.23 | 2.3 | 0.63 | 5.6 |
| Turfy soil | 5.1 | 5.0 | 0.30 | 2.9 | 0.68 | 5.8 |
| Cow dung | 4.5 | 5.0 | 0.20 | 2.5 | 0.59 | 4.5 |
| Commodity matrix | 5.6 | 5.0 | 0.32 | 3.0 | 0.75 | 6.5 |
In sum, substitute decomposed cow dung in base starting material, the cotton seed hulls wheat straw that comparatively becomes thoroughly decomposed effectively can shorten seedling-growing time, improve cigarette seedling emergence rate and planting percent, increase leaf chlorophyll relative amount, improve cigarette seedling regularity, strengthen growth potential, the grand cross phase, become seedling stage every Other Main Agronomic Characters to behave oneself best, indices and commodity matrix and turfy soil process are without significant difference.
2. localized seedling medium formula test results and analysis.
The leading indicator investigation results such as each process seedling-growing time, emergence rate, one-tenth chlorophyll relative content in seedling stage, planting percent, regularity and growth potential see the following form 8.
Table 82013 year respectively processes situation leading indicator application form of emerging
Each process cigarette seedling grand cross phase biological character investigation sees the following form shown in 9.
Table 92013 year each process grand cross phase Other Main Agronomic Characters application form
Each process seedling phase principal biological proterties investigation sees the following form 10.
A table 102013 year Fei County point respectively processes seedling phase Other Main Agronomic Characters application form
Different disposal becomes seedling stage cigarette seedling to become Other Main Agronomic Characters investigation in seedling stage to see the following form 11-12.
A table 112013 year Cangshan point respectively processes seedling phase Other Main Agronomic Characters application form
A table 122013 year Yishui point respectively processes seedling phase Other Main Agronomic Characters application form
3. different disposal becomes cigarette seedling Study on Physiologic mensuration in seedling stage, as following table 13.
A table 132013 year Fei County seedling phase respectively processes Study on Physiologic measurement result
| Process | Improving activity of root system FW (mg/g.h) | Chlorophyll content (mg/g) | Nitrate reductase activity (μ g/g.h) |
| T1 | 1.05 | 1.49 | 22.16 |
| T2 | 1.31 | 1.63 | 24.29 |
| T3 | 1.48 | 1.78 | 25.81 |
| T4 | 1.59 | 1.95 | 27.86 |
| T5 | 1.65 | 1.87 | 27.93 |
4. respectively disease survey result is processed, as shown in table 14 below.
Table 14 is process disease survey result respectively
The each test site of Integrated comparative, 58% becomes thoroughly decomposed cotton seed hulls or mushroom offcuts+28% fine sand+9% ground surface soil+5% Chinese herbal medicine waste residue; Formulation media behaves oneself best this formula principal biological and physical signs is better than or close to adding traditional direct sowing and seedling matrix of turfy soil, having larger scientific research demonstration and being worth and production application prospect.
Embodiment 3:
Test site: Linyi City Fei County, Junan, Yishui, the Cangshan
Experimental scheme:
2 process are established in test,
Experimental group: adopt method, matrix and the fertilizer in embodiment 1.
Contrast groups: add general inorganic composite fertilizer (commercially available) and commodity matrix in floating pool; Inorganic compounding nutriment in a fertilizer adds for 4 times, and each addition is 20g/ dish.
The tobacco root system growing state investigation of each process is shown in shown in accompanying drawing 1-5.
Claims (5)
1. a tobacco floating seed rearing root system epitaxial growth process, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1. the selection in nursery place, nursery place election is leeward, and physical features is smooth, has a good transport service on the sunny side, and near source of clean water, irrigation and drainage are convenient, and subterranean water level is low, the free of contamination place of surrounding;
2. floating seedling tray and seedling medium,
Floating seedling tray: except new building, floating seedling tray needs sterilization before use, sprays drenched seedling dish with the formalin solution of 1%-2% or the liquor natrii hypochloritis of 15%, and the stifling 24h of sealing, cleans with clear water;
Described matrix adds coating controlled-release fertilizer after treatment again by the raw material of following percentage by weight to make:
58% becomes thoroughly decomposed cotton seed hulls or mushroom offcuts+28% fine sand+9% ground surface soil+5% Chinese herbal medicine waste residue, and the addition of described coating controlled-release fertilizer is 25-35g/ dish; Described Chinese herbal medicine waste residue is prepare the Chinese herbal medicine waste residue obtained in bactericide process; Described coating controlled-release fertilizer is controlled release period is the 3-6 grease coating of individual month;
The preparation method of described matrix is: become thoroughly decomposed cotton seed hulls or the mushroom offcuts of aforementioned proportion, fine sand, ground surface soil, Chinese herbal medicine waste residue powder are broken to 5 orders, mix, then carry out disinfection; Then Controlled Release Fertilizer is mixed with matrix, obtain levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance; Described disinfection way is: every thick matrix of 5cm, with 80 times this beauteously dissolution homogeneity water more than 30cm, stifling more than 10 days of sealing, scarifying is dried loose malicious; Add coating controlled-release fertilizer during use to mix and get final product;
In described coating controlled-release fertilizer, the weight ratio of N, P, K is (15-20): (4-10): (6-15), also adds 0.1%-0.5% bactericide in described coating controlled-release fertilizer; Described bactericide is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: tobacco 25-35, black false hellebore 10-20, garlic 15-25, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 10-20, tree-of-heaven 15-25, datura 10-20, Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis 10-20, weeping willow 20-25; By above-mentioned raw materials with the alcohol extract three times of 90%, merge extract, after concentrated, drying, obtain dry powder use; Chinese herbal medicine waste residue is as the raw material of matrix;
The preparation method of described coating controlled-release fertilizer comprises the following steps:
1) more than three kinds in urea, diammonium phosphate, calcium cyanamide, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, superphosphate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate are taken, make the weight ratio of N, P, K for (15-20): (4-10): (6-15), then bactericide dry powder is taken, mixing granulation, obtains non-coated fertilizer grain;
2) take coated fertilizer, by step 1) non-coated fertilizer grain carry out mechanical agitation coating, the weight ratio of described coated fertilizer and non-coated fertilizer grain is 4-20:100;
3) step 2 is repeated) 0-3 time, obtain coating controlled-release fertilizer;
Described coated fertilizer is mixed to get by the raw material of following weight portion:
Grease 100, curing agent 25, drier 10; Wherein said grease coating oil used is the mixture of linseed oil and soybean oil 1:2; Described curing agent is epoxy curing agent T-31, and described drier is cobalt naphthenate;
3. sow: sowing time is conventional seedbed system sowing time early 5-7 days comparatively; After floating seedling tray installs matrix and Controlled Release Fertilizer, the kind cave of pressure cave, nursery cave device pressure 0.3-0.5 centimetre in each seedling-cultivating tray, broadcasts 1-2 grain seed, without the need to lid matrix above seed in each cave;
4. by step 3. in floating seedling tray insert in floating pool;
5. water management: maintaining water depth in floating pool is 2-5cm;
6. temperature treatment: temperature of shed controls at 20 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C; Emerge to the little cross phase, to be incubated; Temperature of shed, lower than 15 DEG C, should take Insulation in time; And higher than 30 DEG C, should be aeration-cooling in time; From the little cross phase to seedling, temperature higher than 35 DEG C, then should adopt ventilation or spray cooling measure in time;
7. thinning and final singling: seedling, final singling during little cross, ensure every cave one seedling, cigarette seedling is even;
8. control seedling and hardening: every 9-12 after cigarette seedling envelope dish, spray 1000 times of 5% uniconazole P wetting powder, control cigarette seedling
Longitudinal growth, promotes cane cross growth; Transplant and start to take hardening for first 7 days-10 days;
9. strong sprout standard: height of seedling 9-12 centimetre, stem height 5-8 centimetre, cane is sturdy, is rich in toughness, not frangibility; Leaf look just green, and without damage by disease and insect, true leaf 6-9 sheet, side root is flourishing, and population growth neat and consistent, seedling age 55 ~ 65 days, single-deck planting percent reaches more than 95%.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described coating controlled-release fertilizer, the weight ratio of N, P, K is 20:8:10.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also adds 0.3% bactericide in described coating controlled-release fertilizer.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described coating controlled-release fertilizer to be controlled release period the be grease coating of 3 months.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described each floating seedling tray arranges 200 seedling caves.
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| CN106258298A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2017-01-04 | 重庆市中药研究院 | A kind of Radix Scrophulariae seed float seedling method and special fertilizer thereof |
| CN107251825A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-10-17 | 南丹县烟叶生产管理局 | A kind of tobacco seedling method |
| CN109090118A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-28 | 广西大学 | A kind of tobacco strong sprout inducer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108902159A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-30 | 广西大学 | A kind of tobacco strengthening root is good for seedling agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN109258427A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-01-25 | 山东临沂烟草有限公司 | Tobacco seedlings floating seedlings forge seedling-growing method |
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