CN104071875A - Electrodialysis water treatment device intensified by using solar energy and magnetic field - Google Patents

Electrodialysis water treatment device intensified by using solar energy and magnetic field Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104071875A
CN104071875A CN201410315159.2A CN201410315159A CN104071875A CN 104071875 A CN104071875 A CN 104071875A CN 201410315159 A CN201410315159 A CN 201410315159A CN 104071875 A CN104071875 A CN 104071875A
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China
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magnetic field
solar cell
water treatment
gradient magnetic
lower shoe
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CN201410315159.2A
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CN104071875B (en
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许柯
任洪强
耿金菊
丁丽丽
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Nanjing University
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Nanjing University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrodialysis water treatment device intensified by using solar energy and a magnetic field. A high-gradient magnetic processor is electrically connected with a power supply device; a filler with high magnetic susceptibility is filled into the high-gradient magnetic processor; the filler is distributed between alternatively arranged anion-exchange membrane and cation-exchange membrane inside the high-gradient magnetic processor; the power supply device comprises a solar cell array, a controller, a storage battery, an inverter, a transformer and a variable frequency power source; the output end of the solar cell array is electrically connected with the input end of the controller; the output end of the controller is electrically connected with the input end of the inverter; the output end of the inverter is connected with the input end of the transformer; the output end of the transformer is electrically connected with the input end of the variable frequency power supply; the storage battery is electrically connected with the controller. The separation effect can be improved by using the solar energy as power and combining with the high-gradient magnetic field-intensified electrodialysis device, the electric energy can be saved, the membrane pollution caused by organic matters and microorganisms is relieved, and the scale inhibition effect is good.

Description

Utilize the electrodialytic water treatment unit of sun power and magnetic field-intensification
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly for remove the electrodialysis unit of salt from the aqueous solution, be specifically related to a kind of electrodialytic water treatment unit that utilizes sun power and magnetic field-intensification.
Background technology
Electrodialysis (eletrodialysis, being called for short ED) technology is the one of membrane separation technique, it by yin, yang ion-exchange membrane alternative arrangement between positive and negative electrode, and separated with special dividing plate, composition desalination (desalination) and concentrate two systems, under DC electric field effect, taking potential difference as power, utilize the selection perviousness of ion-exchange membrane, ionogen is separated from solution, thereby realize concentrating, desalinate, refine and purifying of solution.Electrodialysis is mainly used in brackish water and sea water desaltination, trade effluent desalination etc.
As far back as the beginning of the eighties in last century, electroosmose process is just applied to Xisha Islands Seawater Desalination Project, to solve the Drinking Water Problem on island.But owing to desalinating at that time, progression was many, current consumption is large, caused water producing cost too high, electroosmose process is replaced by the reverse osmosis method desalination technology of less energy-consumption gradually.In recent years, electrodialysis film group device development makes substantial progress, and the current consumption of sea water desaltination per ton is lower than 8 degree, the Techniques For Reducing of current consumption before nearly 50%.In sea water desaltination, can also carry out the concentrated salt manufacturing of seawater, seawater and electric energy are effectively utilized, further reach energy-saving and cost-reducing requirement.In addition, electroosmose process sea water desaltination also has the advantages such as equipment is simple, easy to maintenance, membrane lifetime is long, corrosion-resistant, can reduce to a certain extent the generation of waste material.But still there is in actual use more problem in electrodialysis.Electrodialysis requires very strict to influent quality, comprise turbidity, suspended substance, organism etc., and to prevent stopping up water route, to cause film to pollute, cause equipment work decrease in efficiency, producing water ratio reduces; Easily fouling on negative electrode and film in operational process, thus effluent quality affected, and shorten service life of equipment; Although current consumption declines to a great extent, its energy consumption is still higher.
Chinese patent CN1359857A and CN1526654A have proposed a kind of method and equipment for the treatment of water by magneto-electric dialysis, its cardinal principle be in the space of electrodialysis process water, increase by one parallel with the sense of current with water (flow) direction, can make water in the static magnetic field of zwitterion attitude drift, static magnetic field produces by the permanent magnet of fitting on reactor shell wall, can reduce to a certain extent power consumption, stop fouling.Chinese patent CN103073096A has also proposed a kind of method and apparatus for the treatment of water by magneto-electric dialysis, its cardinal principle is in the space of electrodialysis process water, to increase a controllable magnetic field vertical with water (flow) direction with DC electric field, by controlling Electric and magnetic fields intensity, extend the residence time of charged ion in electrodialyzer, improve separation efficiency.Although above-mentioned three patents of invention have been utilized magnetic field-intensification electrodialytic processing efficiency, has reduced to a certain extent energy consumption and stoped fouling, energy-saving effect is limited, and cannot effectively stop the film that organism and microorganism are caused to pollute.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention proposes a kind of electrodialytic water treatment unit that utilizes sun power and magnetic field-intensification, and the present invention can improve separating effect, save electric energy, alleviate that the film that organism and microorganism cause pollutes, scale inhibition effect is good.
Utilize the electrodialytic water treatment unit of sun power and magnetic field-intensification, comprise High-gradient Magnetic treater and supply unit, High-gradient Magnetic treater is electrically connected with supply unit, it is characterized in that: described High-gradient Magnetic treater inside is filled with the filler of high susceptibility, between the anion-exchange membrane and cationic exchange membrane of filler distribution alternative arrangement in High-gradient Magnetic treater, described supply unit comprises solar cell array, controller, secondary battery, invertor, transformer and variable frequency power source, the output terminal of solar cell array is electrically connected with the input terminus of controller, the output terminal of controller is electrically connected with the input terminus of invertor, the output terminal of invertor is connected with the input terminus of transformer, the output terminal of transformer is electrically connected with the input terminus of variable frequency power source, described secondary battery is electrically connected with controller.
Preferably, described filler is stainless steel steel wool, or is spongy metal, or is fibrous iron magnetic amorphous alloy.
Preferably, the filling ratio of filler accounts for the 6-10% of High-gradient Magnetic treater internal space, and magnetization flow velocity is 4-5mm/s, the magneticstrength of High-gradient Magnetic treater is 53-79mT, the frequency of variable frequency power source is 5Hz, and the voltage of variable frequency power source is 320-470V, and the outward current of variable frequency power source is 2.7-4.2A.
Preferably, described supply unit also comprises an anti-reverse charging diode, and this anti-reverse charging diode is connected between solar cell array and controller.
Preferably, described solar cell array is made up of several solar cells, solar cell comprises transparent shell, at least two silicon solar cells, interconnector, binding agent, lower shoe and two electrode joint pins, after connecting by interconnector between adjacent two silicon solar cells, be fixed in transparent shell by binding agent, lower shoe is fixed on the opening part of glass shell, and described electrode joint pin is fixed on lower shoe, and the silicon solar cell that is positioned at an end is connected with electrode joint pin respectively.
More preferably, described transparent shell adopts toughened glass, or polyacrylic acid resinoid, or fluorinated ethylene propylene, or transparent polyester, and polycarbonate material is made.
Preferably, described solar cell array is made up of several solar cells, solar cell comprises transparent cover plate, boxlike lower shoe, at least two silicon solar cells, interconnector, binding agent, contact conductor, transparent cover plate is fixed on the oral area of boxlike lower shoe, after connecting by interconnector between adjacent two silicon solar cells, be fixed in boxlike lower shoe by binding agent, one end of described contact conductor is connected with silicon solar cell, and draw in the hole that the other end of contact conductor arranges from boxlike lower shoe.
More preferably, boxlike lower shoe adopts toughened glass, or aluminium alloy, or synthetic glass, or TPT material is made.
Preferably, described High-gradient Magnetic treater bottom is provided with aerating apparatus.
More preferably, described aerating apparatus is micropore aeration pipe, perforated pipe aerating regulation device.
Principle of the present invention is: the very high filler of susceptibility has been filled in (1) High-gradient Magnetic treater inside, under the high-strength magnetic field action forming at electro-magnet, magnetic line of force is concentrated and is passed through from filler, near density of line of magnetic force decay filling surface, thus form high-gradient magnetic field.High-gradient magnetic field causes the hysteresis effect of the magnetic couple of salt quasi-molecule in water or ion, thereby change the solvability of salt in water, make the mutual affinity of salt quasi-molecule (crystallinity) disappear simultaneously, prevent the crystallization of macrocrystal, avoid in the fouling of ion-exchange face deposition; High-gradient magnetic field causes the burst of microorganism living environment to change, and causes ion in microorganism surrounding environment and body, electronics transmission speed to change, the enzymatic inactivation of microorganism or inactivation, and microorganism is killed part; (2), under High-gradient Magnetic field action, oxygen reacts with water and produces the H with strong oxidizing property 2o 2, can oxidized portion organism and kill part microorganism; (3) sun power changes electric energy into through solar DC power generation system, for the power supply of High-gradient Magnetic treater, saves the energy.(4) aerating apparatus is equipped with in High-gradient Magnetic treater bottom, carries out aeration in reactor operational process, under High-gradient Magnetic field action, generates the H more with strong oxidizing property 2o 2, the efficiency of raising killing microorganisms.
Technique effect of the present invention is: in water treatment procedure, because the efficiency of killing microorganisms has obtained raising, therefore, prevent stopping up water route, avoided the film of High-gradient Magnetic treater to pollute and fouling, equipment work efficiency and producing water ratio obtain and improve, and have extended service life of equipment.Owing to having adopted solar electrical energy generation and having powered to High-gradient Magnetic treater, therefore, electric cost has obtained reduction.The present invention is specially adapted in water treatment field such as seawater and brackish water desalination, trade effluent desalinations.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the electrodialytic water treatment unit that utilizes sun power and magnetic field-intensification of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the skeleton diagram of supply unit;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the first solar cell in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the second solar cell in the present invention;
Embodiment
See figures.1.and.2, the electrodialytic water treatment unit that utilizes sun power and magnetic field-intensification of the present invention, comprises High-gradient Magnetic treater 1 and supply unit 2, and High-gradient Magnetic treater 1 is electrically connected with supply unit 2.Described High-gradient Magnetic treater inside is filled with the filler 3 of high susceptibility, filler 3 is distributed between the anion-exchange membrane and cationic exchange membrane of alternative arrangement in High-gradient Magnetic treater, described filler is stainless steel steel wool, or be spongy metal, or be fibrous iron magnetic amorphous alloy.The filling ratio of filler accounts for the 6-10% of High-gradient Magnetic treater internal space.In the present invention, the filling ratio of filler accounts for 7% of High-gradient Magnetic treater internal space.Described High-gradient Magnetic treater bottom is provided with aerating apparatus (not shown), and described aerating apparatus is micropore aeration pipe, perforated pipe aerating regulation device.Described supply unit 2 comprises solar cell array 21, controller 22, secondary battery 23, invertor 24, transformer 25 and variable frequency power source 26, the output terminal of solar cell array 21 is electrically connected with the input terminus of controller 22, the output terminal of controller 22 is electrically connected with the input terminus of invertor 24, the output terminal of invertor 24 is connected with the input terminus of transformer 25, the output terminal of transformer 25 is electrically connected with the input terminus of variable frequency power source, and described secondary battery 23 is electrically connected with controller.Described supply unit also comprises an anti-reverse charging diode 27, and this anti-reverse charging diode 27 is connected between solar cell array 21 and controller 22.Controller 22 is made up of micro-chip and sensor, and preset after corresponding program in micro-chip, this micro-chip can complete following functions:
Detect situation and the parameter of unit in power generation system, to system judge, control, protection etc. provide foundation.The physical quantity detecting comprises input voltage, charging current, output voltage, outward current and store battery temperature rise etc.According to current solar energy resources situation and storage battery charge state, determine optimal charge mode, realize efficient, rapid charge, and take into full account the impact of charging modes on the life of storage battery.Battery discharging process is managed, as load control automatic switching, realize soft start, prevent load when access accumulator battery voltage bust and the error protection that causes.
As Fig. 3, solar cell array 21 is made up of several solar cells, and solar cell 21 comprises transparent shell 30, at least two silicon solar cells 31, interconnector 32, binding agent 33, lower shoe 35 and two electrode joint pins 36.After connecting by interconnector 32 between adjacent two silicon solar cells 31, be fixed in transparent shell 34 by binding agent 33, silicon solar cell 31 is at least divided into two-layer, two adjacent silicon solar cells 31 of every one deck are gapped, between upper strata and lower floor, fill up mutually these gaps, make silicon solar cell entirety effective area of shining light be subject to such an extent that increase, be beneficial to promote the generated energy of silicon solar cell.Binding agent 33 of the present invention can adopt silicon rubber, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyvinyl butyral acetal, transparent dioxygen resin, Vinyl Acetate Copolymer.Binding agent 33 of the present invention has high light transmittance and elasticity in visible-range, and has good electrical insulation capability.Transparent shell 30 adopts toughened glass, or polyacrylic acid resinoid, or fluorinated ethylene propylene, or transparent polyester, and polycarbonate material is made.Lower shoe 35 is fixed on the opening part of glass shell 30, and specifically, lower shoe 35 is provided with jack, and the end of transparent shell 34 is provided with joint pin, and joint pin is inserted in the jack of lower shoe 35, then adopts seal gum 34 to seal both joints.Lower shoe 35 adopts toughened glass, aluminium alloy, synthetic glass or TPT composite membrane to make, and lower shoe 35 of the present invention has good weather-resistant property, variation with temperature and do not play any variation.Be stained with one deck reflectance coating 37 at the upper surface of lower shoe 35, this reflectance coating 37 can be silver-colored reflectance coating, when sunlight is after silicon solar cell 31 absorbs first, do not have absorbed solar light to reflect through reflectance coating 37, again absorb for silicon solar cell 31, be conducive to like this improve the generated energy of silicon solar cell 31.According to experiment statistics, the generated energy of the solar cell array 21 through structure of modification in the present invention can promote 20-30%.Described electrode joint pin 36 is fixed on lower shoe 35, and the silicon solar cell 31 that is positioned at an end is connected with electrode joint pin 36 respectively.
As Fig. 4, described solar cell array 21 is made up of several solar cells, and solar cell comprises transparent cover plate 30, boxlike lower shoe 31, at least two silicon solar cells 32, interconnector 33, binding agent 35, contact conductor 36.Transparent cover plate 30 is fixed on the oral area of boxlike lower shoe 31, and transparent cover plate 30 adopts toughened glass, or polyacrylic acid resinoid, or fluorinated ethylene propylene, or transparent polyester, and polycarbonate material is made.Transparent cover plate 30 of the present invention has advantages of that transmittance is high, firm and protects for a long time battery.Boxlike lower shoe 31 adopts toughened glass, or aluminium alloy, or synthetic glass, or TPT material is made.Boxlike lower shoe 31 of the present invention has good weather-resistant property, variation with temperature and do not play any variation.Transparent cover plate 30 is fixed on the opening part on boxlike lower shoe 31 tops, specifically, transparent cover plate 30 is provided with jack, and the end of boxlike lower shoe 31 upper ends is provided with joint pin, joint pin is inserted in the jack of transparent cover plate 30, then adopts seal gum 34 to seal both joints.After connecting by interconnector 33 between adjacent two silicon solar cells 32, be fixed in boxlike lower shoe 31 by binding agent 35.Silicon solar cell is at least divided into two-layer, and two adjacent silicon solar cells of every one deck are gapped, fill up mutually these gaps between upper strata and lower floor, makes silicon solar cell entirety effective area of shining light be subject to such an extent that increase, and is beneficial to promote the generated energy of silicon solar cell.Binding agent 35 of the present invention can adopt silicon rubber, fluorinated ethylene propylene, polyvinyl butyral acetal, transparent dioxygen resin, Vinyl Acetate Copolymer.Binding agent 35 of the present invention has high light transmittance and elasticity in visible-range, and has good electrical insulation capability.One end of described contact conductor 36 is connected with silicon solar cell, and draw in the hole that the other end of contact conductor 36 arranges from boxlike lower shoe 31.Be stained with one deck reflectance coating 37 at the upper surface of boxlike lower shoe 315, this reflectance coating 37 can be silver-colored reflectance coating, when sunlight is after silicon solar cell 32 absorbs first, do not have absorbed solar light to reflect through reflectance coating 37, again absorb for silicon solar cell 32, be conducive to like this improve the generated energy of silicon solar cell 32.According to experiment statistics, the generated energy of the solar cell array 21 through structure of modification in the present invention can promote 20-30%.Between hole wall on boxlike lower shoe 31 and contact conductor 36, be filled with seal gum 34.
Composition and the weight percent of the seal gum using in above-mentioned two kinds of battery arrays are: methyl silicone rubber at room temperature cure 50-70 part; Softening agent 5-30 part; Composite flame-proof filler 2-100 part; Basis filler 35-45 part; Solidifying agent 10-17 part; Coupling agent 5-8 part; Mill base 2-3 part.In aforementioned proportioning, wherein, softening agent is one or more the combination in the hydroxy silicon oil of hydrogenated mineral oil, methyl-silicone oil, phenyl silicone oil.Composite flame-proof filler is to obtain through chemical coprecipitation preparation after magnesium hydroxide and aluminium hydroxide mix, and molecular formula is 6Mg (OH) 2Al (OH) 34.5H2O.Basis filler is the mixture of nano level calcium carbonate and titanium dioxide, and in this mixture, the weight percent of calcium carbonate is 70%, titanium dioxide 30%.The silane crosslinker that solidifying agent adopts.That coupling agent adopts is ND42.Mill base is titanium dioxide and basic colorant volume mixture, and in this mixture, the weight percent of titanium dioxide is 20%, and basic colorant is 80%, and basic colorant is organic toner.Adding of basis filler increases seal gum relative density, medium and shrinking percentage etc. all can make moderate progress, be conducive to anti-ultraviolet irradiation, improve the ageing-resistant performance of seal gum, and its tensile strength and elongation at break are had larger impact by the reasonable use of basic filler and proportioning.Adding of fire-retardant filler, make seal gum there is excellent flame retardant properties.It is fast that seal gum entirety has curing speed, improved the production efficiency of photovoltaic module; Sticking power of the present invention is good, and can not cause corrosion to photovoltaic module.
Utilize device of the present invention to test taking from iron work recirculated cooling water, former cooling electrical conductivity of water is that 1170 μ s/cm, pH value are 8.65, turbidity is that 25.2mg/L, COD (chemical oxygen demand (COD)) are 44.2mg/L.The parameter value installing in experimentation is: magnetization flow velocity is 4-5mm/s, and the magneticstrength of High-gradient Magnetic treater is 53-79mT, and the frequency of variable frequency power source is 5Hz, and the voltage of variable frequency power source is 320-470V, and the outward current of variable frequency power source is 2.7-4.2A.
When temperature of cooling water raises, the salt dissolving in water is concentrated, and its scaling tendency rises; After magnetic treatment, the specific conductivity of water body obviously increases, and illustrates that the concentration of free ion in solution has increased after High-gradient Magnetic field action, has suppressed the formation of crystallization and has slowed down the generation of fouling.The pH value of former water coolant is 8.65, is weakly alkaline, and water coolant is in working cycle, due to the CO dissolving in water 2, pH value is slightly raise; After magnetic treatment, pH value has dropped to below 8.5, has kept stablizing of pH.Water coolant is in working cycle, and turbidity and COD can increase because of extraneous pollution, and the change of water quality also can produce corrosion and algae and the vegetative phenomenon of metallic conduit.After magnetic treatment of the present invention, the turbidity of water coolant and COD have had removal by a relatively large margin, thereby stablize and improved water quality.

Claims (10)

1. utilize the electrodialytic water treatment unit of sun power and magnetic field-intensification, comprise High-gradient Magnetic treater and supply unit, High-gradient Magnetic treater is electrically connected with supply unit, it is characterized in that: described High-gradient Magnetic treater inside is filled with the filler of high susceptibility, between the anion-exchange membrane and cationic exchange membrane of filler distribution alternative arrangement in High-gradient Magnetic treater, described supply unit comprises solar cell array, controller, secondary battery, invertor, transformer and variable frequency power source, the output terminal of solar cell array is electrically connected with the input terminus of controller, the output terminal of controller is electrically connected with the input terminus of invertor, the output terminal of invertor is connected with the input terminus of transformer, the output terminal of transformer is electrically connected with the input terminus of variable frequency power source, described secondary battery is electrically connected with controller.
2. the electrodialytic water treatment unit that utilizes sun power and magnetic field-intensification according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described filler is stainless steel steel wool, or is spongy metal, or is fibrous iron magnetic amorphous alloy.
3. the electrodialytic water treatment unit that utilizes sun power and magnetic field-intensification according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the filling ratio of filler accounts for the 6-10% of High-gradient Magnetic treater internal space, magnetization flow velocity is 4-5mm/s, the magneticstrength of High-gradient Magnetic treater is 53-79mT, the frequency of variable frequency power source is 5Hz, the voltage of variable frequency power source is 320-470V, and the outward current of variable frequency power source is 2.7-4.2A.
4. the electrodialytic water treatment unit that utilizes sun power and magnetic field-intensification according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described supply unit also comprises an anti-reverse charging diode, this anti-reverse charging diode is connected between solar cell array and controller.
5. the electrodialytic water treatment unit that utilizes sun power and magnetic field-intensification according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described solar cell array is made up of several solar cells, solar cell comprises transparent shell, at least two silicon solar cells, interconnector, binding agent, lower shoe and two electrode joint pins, after connecting by interconnector between adjacent two silicon solar cells, be fixed in transparent shell by binding agent, lower shoe is fixed on the opening part of glass shell, described electrode joint pin is fixed on lower shoe, the silicon solar cell that is positioned at an end is connected with electrode joint pin respectively.
6. the electrodialytic water treatment unit that utilizes sun power and magnetic field-intensification according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described transparent shell adopts toughened glass, or polyacrylic acid resinoid, or fluorinated ethylene propylene, or transparent polyester, polycarbonate material is made.
7. the electrodialytic water treatment unit that utilizes sun power and magnetic field-intensification according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described solar cell array is made up of several solar cells, solar cell comprises transparent cover plate, boxlike lower shoe, at least two silicon solar cells, interconnector, binding agent, contact conductor, transparent cover plate is fixed on the oral area of boxlike lower shoe, after connecting by interconnector between adjacent two silicon solar cells, be fixed in boxlike lower shoe by binding agent, one end of described contact conductor is connected with silicon solar cell, draw in the hole that the other end of contact conductor arranges from boxlike lower shoe.
8. the electrodialytic water treatment unit that utilizes sun power and magnetic field-intensification according to claim 7, is characterized in that: boxlike lower shoe adopts toughened glass, or aluminium alloy, or synthetic glass, or TPT material is made.
9. according to the electrodialytic water treatment unit that utilizes sun power and magnetic field-intensification described in claim 1 to 8 any one, it is characterized in that: described High-gradient Magnetic treater bottom is provided with aerating apparatus.
10. the electrodialytic water treatment unit that utilizes sun power and magnetic field-intensification according to claim 9, is characterized in that: described aerating apparatus is micropore aeration pipe, perforated pipe aerating regulation device.
CN201410315159.2A 2014-07-04 2014-07-04 Utilize the electrodialytic water treatment unit of sun power and magnetic field-intensification Expired - Fee Related CN104071875B (en)

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