CN104059958B - A kind of production and processing technology of dried porcine saluble - Google Patents
A kind of production and processing technology of dried porcine saluble Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of production and processing technology of dried porcine saluble, using the intestines slag after pig intestinal mucosa or its extraction heparin as raw material, includes the following steps：1) by water and raw material in mass ratio 15 30:After 100 ratio mixing, 30 60min are stirred under conditions of 35 40 DEG C；2) alkali protease and material quality ratio 0.05 1 are pressed:Alkali protease is added into the mixture of water and raw material obtained by step 1) in 100 ratio, and pH to 9.0 11.0 is adjusted after being warming up to 40 60 DEG C, and 1 4h of heat preservation hydrolysis, obtains hydrolyzate under the conditions of 40 60 DEG C；3) dried porcine saluble is made in hydrolyzate spray drying or roller drying.Using a small amount of water and alkali protease, hydrolysis prepares dried porcine saluble under alkaline condition, has the features such as easy to operate, hydrolysis time is short, energy conservation and environmental protection, water and basic protein enzyme dosage are few, and manufacturing cost is low, disclosure satisfy that the needs of large-scale industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of biochemical industry, and heparin process is extracted using intestinal mucosa more particularly, to a kind of
By-product hydrolysis prepares the production and processing technology of dried porcine saluble.
Background technology
Protolysate is mainly the amino acid and peptide obtained after enzyme, acid or basic hydrolysis by animal or plant albumen
Mixture, generally referred to as peptone.Protolysate is rich in organonitrogen compound, also contains some vitamins and carbohydrate, can be with
As fermentation substrate, human or animal's high-quality protein original etc..
Containing 56.2% crude protein in pig intestinal mucosa or intestines slag, wherein the content of various amino acid and high-quality fish meal phase
Closely.Dried porcine saluble is using chitterlings and intestinal mucosa as source, through a series of hydrolysis for a long time of protease and special enzymolysis processing, and
The novel proteolytic object manufactured by the processes such as high-temperature sterilization and drying.Contain abundant albumen in dried porcine saluble
Matter, amino acid, oligopeptides, calcium, phosphorus, cellulose and some other macro- and trace-element.Young animal especially piglet is in morning
In phase feeding process, since digestive function is not perfect, immunity function hypoplasia, it is therefore desirable to be added in daily ration a large amount of excellent
Matter proteinogen.Therefore, as fish meal, spray-dried blood plasma albumen powder etc. are widely used in the feed of early stage piglet.Goldbeater's skin
Albumen powder is a kind of piglet protein that comparison is new supplement material as high-quality protein original, blood plasma egg in alternative weanling pig daily ration
The animal protein raw material costly such as white and whey powder, can maintain or even increase the life of weanling pig while cost is reduced
Long performance.Main component peptide albumen in dried porcine saluble has efficient absorption characteristics and special functional characteristic, Neng Gouti
High animal body enhances the anti-stress ability of animal body to the utilization rate of protein, and animal body production performance is improved to reach
Purpose.The antigenicity of peptide albumen is far smaller than the structural proteins of other macromoleculars, can reduce young animal because of antigenic substance
Or anti-nutritional factors and diarrhea for generating etc. stress situation generation.
Dried porcine saluble is after using protease hydrolytic using the by-product of intestinal mucosa extraction heparin process, with figuration
Agent is sufficiently mixed, and is most process afterwards through the processes such as high-temperature sterilization and drying.Preparing intestine membrane protein both using intestines slag can drop
The discharge of nitrogen in low heparin production process, and the high protein feed of added value can be obtained.
Patent CN101209082B discloses a kind of preparation method of functional feed protein dried porcine saluble, solves existing
Degree of hydrolysis, peptide albumen yield can be influenced by having in intestine membrane protein powder preparation technique a variety of enzymes while hydrolyzing, and especially small peptide yield is relatively low
The problem of.Technical solution includes (1) raw material pre-treatment；(2) protease hydrolytic is added；(3) carrier is added；(4) spray drying system
, wherein in protease hydrolytic step, by least arbitrary two in neutral proteinase, papain and alkali protease
Kind, using polyprotease, method for hydrolysis is hydrolyzed stage by stage.Functional feed protein dried porcine saluble obtained by this method
It has a clear superiority in terms of peptide albumen yield and small peptide yield, significant can improve young animal's with other feed mixing feedings
Production performance.
Prior art intestines residue protein enzyme hydrolysis needs to use a large amount of water, concentration of substrate during preparing dried porcine saluble
Small, not only bad for environmental protection, enzymolysis liquid need to pass through high power and concentrate, and could be spray-dried, make troubles to production, also increase dry
Dry cost, and albumen enzyme dosage is big, hydrolysing step is complicated, and hydrolysis time is long, is not suitable for industrialization large-scale production.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of energy conservation and environmental protection, productions easy to operate, the low dried porcine saluble of manufacturing cost
Processing technology is especially suitable for the large-scale industrial production of dried porcine saluble.
A kind of production and processing technology of dried porcine saluble, using the intestines slag after pig intestinal mucosa or its extraction heparin as raw material, packet
Include following steps：
1) by water and raw material 15-30 in mass ratio:After 100 ratio mixing, 30- is stirred under conditions of 35-40 DEG C
60min；
2) by alkali protease and material quality ratio 0.05-1:Mixing of 100 ratio to water and raw material obtained by step 1)
Alkali protease is added in object, pH to 9.0-11.0 is adjusted after being warming up to 40-60 DEG C, heat preservation hydrolysis 1- under the conditions of 40-60 DEG C
4h obtains hydrolyzate；
3) dried porcine saluble is made in hydrolyzate spray drying or roller drying.
The present invention use pig intestinal mucosa or its extract heparin after intestines slag for raw material, the intestines slag be salt solution production heparin
Residue afterwards.
In the prior art, enzymatic reaction carries out in aqueous solution mostly, using relatively low concentration of substrate.It is dense in low substrate
It spends in range, with increasing for concentration of substrate, reaction rate is also with increasing.With increasing for concentration of substrate, reaction rate connects
It is bordering on a steady state value, what increases concentration of substrate influences reaction rate without.When concentration of substrate increase to a certain extent with
Afterwards, since substrate inhibition, degree of hydrolysis and hydrolysis rate can all reduce, so as to cause generation peptide albumen molecular weight compared with
Greatly, the reaction time extends.A large amount of water is mostly used in the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction of the prior art greatly, to obtain the peptide egg of relatively small molecular weight
In vain.The present invention overcomes the prejudice of the prior art, and a small amount of water is added in the feed, and substrate is stirred into paste, makes enzymatic reaction
It is carried out in the substrate of paste, generates the smaller peptide albumen of molecular weight.
The water of 15-30 parts by weight is added in step 1) of the present invention into the raw material of 100 parts by weight, under the conditions of 25-40 DEG C
30-60min is stirred, makes raw material in the pasty state.Intestine membrane protein contains a large amount of hydrophilic radicals, can be swollen after being contacted with water,
A part of Free water is easy and intestine membrane protein is combined into conjunction with water.A small amount of water is added into raw material by the present invention, can either protect
Card intestine membrane protein is fully swollen, and can guarantee the hydrolysis for being conducive to next step there are Free water, and is also avoided that and is added
It is excessive to enter water, concentration of substrate is too low, and enzymolysis liquid need to pass through high power and concentrate, and could be spray-dried, make troubles to production.
It is stirred under the conditions of 25-40 DEG C, it is in uniform paste that on the one hand can make raw material, and intestine membrane protein is made to be uniformly dispersed in water, is prevented
Only intestine membrane protein concentration is excessive, difficulties in dispersion or even conglomeration, hinders coming into full contact with for basic protein enzyme-to-substrate, hydrolysis
Degree declines；On the other hand, mechanical agitation can change intestine membrane protein intramolecule structure, make its secondary structure and tertiary structure
It changes, its physicochemical property is made to change, protein molecular structure diastole is come, peptide bond position exposure, it is easier to by alkali
Property protease hydrolytic.What the space structure of intestine membrane protein made to maintain by secondary keys such as hydrogen bond, Van der Waals force, ionic bonds, by
Secondary key inside the effect of stirring, protein molecule is destroyed, and protein molecule is just from the close of original orderly curling
Structure becomes unordered loose stretched out structure, is largely exposed due to loosely organized in intramolecular hydrophobic grouping originally
In molecular surface, the distribution of hydrophilic radical is then opposite to be reduced, and the combined water combined with intestine membrane protein is reduced, and water absorption subtracts
Few, the hydrated sheath of protein surface is destroyed, and is conducive to protein and is in contact with enzyme, and molecular structure is loose, it is easier to
By hydrolysis by novo.
During stirring, if temperature is higher than 40 DEG C, thermal denaturation occurs for protein molecule, forms blocky gel, very
To solidification phenomenon occurs, viscosity increases, and water absorption increases, and can also cause amino-acid oxidase, prevents the hydrolysis of enzyme, so
Need to control temperature during stirring less than 40 DEG C.
Raw material plus water are stirred to paste, alkali protease is added.Alkali protease is to hydrolyze egg under alkaline condition
The enzyme of white matter peptide bond, belongs to serine type endoprotease, is a kind of very important industrial enzymes.Alkali protease is extensive
It is present in animal and plant and microorganism.Microbial protease is ectoenzyme, is not only had complete possessed by animal and plant protease
The processing of portion's characteristic, also downstream technique is relatively easy, cheap, source is wide, thalline is easy to culture, yield is high, superior strain
Selection and breeding are simple, quickly, be easily industrialized many advantages, such as production.Alkali protease energy aminosal molecule peptide chain generates
Polypeptide or amino acid, the ability with stronger decomposing protein, are widely used in food, medical treatment, brewing, washing, silk, system
The industries such as leather.
Researcher of the present invention has found under study for action, when being digested to intestine membrane protein using single enzyme, basic protein
The hydrolysis effect of enzyme is better than papain, neutral proteinase and acid protease.Researcher of the present invention using intestines slag as raw material,
Various factors, technological parameter in enzymolysis process is studied.Hydrolysis by novo intestinal mucosa egg is explored
White optimal processing parameter.
Enzyme concentration is high, can accelerate enzyme digestion reaction, but enzyme concentration is excessively high, improve production cost, lead to the sense of reaction product
Official's reduced performance；Very few enzyme, then make reaction speed reduce, and is unable to get the product of peptide high yield pulp1, therefore, selects suitable enzyme
Concentration is very necessary.Neutral and alkali protease and material quality ratio of the present invention is 0.05-1:100.
The optimum temperature range of alkali protease is 40-60 DEG C.
Influences of the alkali protease pH to degree of hydrolysis, with the raising of pH value, degree of hydrolysis is in downward trend, enzyme-to-substrate
Have certain pH be 9.0-11.0 when degree of hydrolysis highest.The temperature of charge for adding alkali protease is increased to 40- by the present invention
PH to 9.0-11.0 is adjusted after 60 DEG C, can prevent pH value during heating from changing.
Hydrolysis by novo speed is fast, and degree of hydrolysis gradually increases and pushes the speed soon, digests and continues after hydrolysis 4h,
But the mostly of hydrolysis are small molecule parts, and as enzyme is constantly consumed, activity reduces, and is gradually decreased with the peptide bond of enzyme effect, hydrolyzes
Degree variation is little.But the reaction time is long, increases energy consumption and production cost.The present invention adds raw material before enzymolysis
Thermal agitation is handled, and accelerates hydrolysis rate, so the reaction time suitable in the present invention is 1-4h.
Dried porcine saluble prepared by the present invention contains abundant small peptide and is easily digested and assimilated by domestic animal, rich in short peptide chain and
The amino acid of balance is a kind of high-quality protein raw material, has the production performance and healthy water of enhancing animal especially brood
It is flat；Amino acid and free amino acid existing in the form of small peptide have higher bioactivity, can be used as the albumen of many animals
Feed source.Not only reduce environmental pollution but also improve production and social benefit.
PH is adjusted using solid NaOH in the step 2).
Adjusting pH using solid NaOH can avoid causing addition water excessive using NaOH solution, and concentration of substrate is too low,
Enzymolysis liquid need to pass through high power and concentrate, and could be spray-dried, make troubles to production.
Preferably, by alkali protease and material quality ratio 0.05-0.5 in the step 2):100 ratio is to step 1)
Alkali protease is added in the mixture of gained water and raw material, pH to 9.0-10.0 is adjusted after being warming up to 50-55 DEG C, in 50-55
Heat preservation hydrolysis 1-2h, obtains hydrolyzate under the conditions of DEG C.
It is furthermore preferred that pressing alkali protease and material quality ratio 0.1 in the step 2):100 ratio is to step 1) institute
It obtains in the mixture of water and raw material and alkali protease is added, pH to 9.0 is adjusted after being warming up to 55 DEG C, water is kept the temperature under the conditions of 55 DEG C
1h is solved, hydrolyzate is obtained.
Preferably, by water and raw material 15-25 in mass ratio in the step 1):After 100 ratio mixing, in 37 DEG C of item
30-40min is stirred under part.
The present invention it was discovered by researchers that the mixture that water and raw material are stirred under conditions of 37 DEG C can make raw material in intestines
Mucosal protein Fast-swelling, improves the mixed effect of water and raw material, and can reduce the water absorption of intestine membrane protein, hydrolysis effect
More preferably.
It is furthermore preferred that by water and raw material 15-20 in mass ratio in the step 1):After 100 ratio mixing, at 37 DEG C
Under the conditions of stir 30min.
Mixing speed is 80-150 revs/min in the step 1).
Preferably, mixing speed is 100-120 revs/min in the step 1).
The alkali protease enzyme activity is ten thousand U/g of 8-10.
Peptide protein content accounts for over dry material mass in the dried porcine saluble prepared by dried porcine saluble prepared by the present invention
53-56%, the molten protein content of acid accounts for the 40-45% of over dry material mass, and middle-molecular-weihydroxyethyl is that 181Da peptide albumen below accounts for
The 9-12% of peptide albumen gross mass, molecular weight are that the peptide albumen of 181-1000Da accounts for the 50-55% of peptide albumen gross mass, molecular weight
The 8-9% of peptide albumen gross mass is accounted for for the peptide albumen of 1000-3000Da.The percent hydrolysis of protein is up to 94.30- in intestinal mucosa
99.64%, it almost hydrolyzes, and gained dried porcine saluble molecular weight is small, can effectively substitute plasma protein powder, without
The production performance of piglet is influenced, oligopeptides therein can promote Development of Immune Organs, improve serum immune globulin concentration and swine fever
Antibody OD values, lymphocytes in blood number, improve the immune function of weanling pig, reduce the Scours index of piglet, and improve son
The daily gain and feed conversion rate of pig.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that：
1) a small amount of water, enzymolysis liquid is used to need not move through high power concentration, you can spray drying, it is convenient for production and beneficial to ring
It protects；
2) it is hydrolyzed after stirring raw material under the conditions of 25-40 DEG C with water, accelerates hydrolysis rate, shorten the hydrolysis period；
3) dosage of alkali protease is few, greatly reduces production cost, has higher production and social benefit；
4) percent hydrolysis of crude protein is up to 94.30-99.64% in raw material, and prepared dried porcine saluble molecular weight is small,
The molten protein content of acid is high.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
The intestines slag 1000kg after pig intestinal mucosa extraction heparin is weighed, 150kg water is added, with 80 turns/part under the conditions of 25 DEG C
Rotating speed stir 40min, obtain intestines slag and water mixture.To in the mixture of intestines slag and water be added 5kg alkali protease,
40 DEG C are warming up to, sodium hydrate solid powder adjusting pH to 9.0 is added and keeps the temperature 4h after mixing under conditions of 40 DEG C, obtains
Obtain hydrolyzate.Hydrolyzate is spray-dried, dried porcine saluble is obtained.
Embodiment 2
The intestines slag 1000kg after pig intestinal mucosa extraction heparin is weighed, 200kg water is added, with 150 turns/part under the conditions of 37 DEG C
Rotating speed stir 20min, obtain intestines slag and water mixture.To the basic protein that 0.5kg is added in the mixture of intestines slag and water
Enzyme is warming up to 55 DEG C, and sodium hydrate solid powder adjusting pH to 10.0 is added and is kept the temperature under conditions of 55 DEG C after mixing
2h obtains hydrolyzate.Hydrolyzate is spray-dried, dried porcine saluble is obtained.
Embodiment 3
The intestines slag 1000kg after pig intestinal mucosa extraction heparin is weighed, 250kg water is added, with 100 turns/part under the conditions of 40 DEG C
Rotating speed stir 30min, obtain intestines slag and water mixture.To the basic protein that 10kg is added in the mixture of intestines slag and water
Enzyme is warming up to 60 DEG C, and sodium hydrate solid powder adjusting pH to 11.0 is added and is kept the temperature under conditions of 60 DEG C after mixing
1h obtains hydrolyzate.Hydrolyzate is spray-dried, dried porcine saluble is obtained.
Embodiment 4
The intestines slag 1000kg after pig intestinal mucosa extraction heparin is weighed, 300kg water is added, with 120 turns/part under the conditions of 37 DEG C
Rotating speed stir 30min, obtain intestines slag and water mixture.To in the mixture of intestines slag and water be added 1kg alkali protease,
55 DEG C are warming up to, sodium hydrate solid powder adjusting pH to 9.0 is added and keeps the temperature 2h after mixing under conditions of 55 DEG C, obtains
Obtain hydrolyzate.Hydrolyzate is spray-dried, dried porcine saluble is obtained.
Embodiment 5
The intestines slag 1000kg after pig intestinal mucosa extraction heparin is weighed, 250kg water is added, with 120 turns/part under the conditions of 37 DEG C
Rotating speed stir 40min, obtain intestines slag and water mixture.To in the mixture of intestines slag and water be added 2kg alkali protease,
50 DEG C are warming up to, sodium hydrate solid powder adjusting pH to 9.0 is added and keeps the temperature 3h after mixing under conditions of 50 DEG C, obtains
Obtain hydrolyzate.Hydrolyzate is spray-dried, dried porcine saluble is obtained.
Embodiment 6
The intestines slag 1000kg after pig intestinal mucosa extraction heparin is weighed, 150kg water is added, with 100 turns/part under the conditions of 37 DEG C
Rotating speed stir 40min, obtain intestines slag and water mixture.To in the mixture of intestines slag and water be added 1kg alkali protease,
60 DEG C are warming up to, sodium hydrate solid powder adjusting pH to 10.0 is added and keeps the temperature 1h under conditions of 60 DEG C after mixing,
Obtain hydrolyzate.Hydrolyzate is spray-dried, dried porcine saluble is obtained.
Peptide protein ingredient content in dried porcine saluble obtained by 1 1-6 of the embodiment of the present invention of table
Experimental example
Influence of the intestine membrane protein to Production Performance of Weaning Pigs
72 28d wean are selected in experiment, and the weanling pig that average weight is 8.2, male and female is fifty-fifty, complete by weight, gender
RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN is divided into 2 groups, i.e. control group, experimental group.Every group of 6 repetitions, each to repeat 6, male and female subfield feeding.It is real
It tests and uses corn bean pulp type daily ration, prepare daily ration with reference to the nutritional need of NRC (1998) pig, control group adds 3% plasma protein
Powder, experimental group substitute plasma protein with the dried porcine saluble prepared by 4% embodiment of the present invention 1.Experimental period is 28 days, experiment knot
Fruit is shown in Table 2.
Influence of 2 intestine membrane protein of table to Production Performance of Weaning Pigs
| Dried porcine saluble group | Plasma protein powder group | P | |
| Average daily gain (g) | 532±3.3 | 531±4.2 | >0.1 |
| Average daily gain (g) | 823±6.8 | 829±7.2 | >0.2 |
| Feedstuff-meat ratio | 1.55±0.03 | 1.56±0.04 | >0.1 |
As can be seen from Table 2, the plasma protein powder of 4% intestine membrane protein replacement 3%, weanling pig are added in piglet diet
Average daily gain, average daily gain and feedstuff-meat ratio do not show apparent difference.Therefore prepared by the method for the present invention
Dried porcine saluble can substitute plasma protein powder.
One embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, but the content be only the present invention preferable implementation
Example should not be construed as limiting the practical range of the present invention.It is all according to all the changes and improvements made by the present patent application range
Deng should all still fall within the scope of the patent of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of production and processing technology of dried porcine saluble, special using the intestines slag after pig intestinal mucosa or its extraction heparin as raw material
Sign is：Include the following steps：
1) by water and raw material in mass ratio 15~30:100 ratio mixing, stirs 20~40min under conditions of 25~40 DEG C,
Mixing speed is 80~150 revs/min；
2) alkali protease and material quality ratio 0.1 are pressed:100 ratio adds into step 1) in the mixture of gained water and raw material
Enter alkali protease, the alkaline protease activity is 8~100,000 U/g, after being warming up to 55 DEG C using solid NaOH adjust pH to
9.0, heat preservation hydrolysis 1h, obtains hydrolyzate under the conditions of 55 DEG C；
3) dried porcine saluble is made in hydrolyzate spray drying or roller drying.
2. a kind of production and processing technology of dried porcine saluble according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 1)
By water and raw material in mass ratio 15~25:100 ratio mixing, 30~35min of mechanical agitation under conditions of 37 DEG C.
3. a kind of production and processing technology of dried porcine saluble according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：In the step 1)
By water and raw material in mass ratio 15~20:100 ratio mixing, mechanical agitation 30min under conditions of 37 DEG C.
4. a kind of production and processing technology of dried porcine saluble according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 1)
Mixing speed is 100~120 revs/min.
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| CN104805163A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-07-29 | 如皋市永兴肠衣有限公司 | Technology for hydrolysis of small intestine residues through papain |
| CN104757260A (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2015-07-08 | 如皋市永兴肠衣有限公司 | Process for preparing DPS (dried porcine solubles) from sausage casing waste residues |
| CN105028947A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-11-11 | 北京中科景明生物技术有限公司 | Method for producing intestine membrane protein powder by using heparin sodium leftovers and product thereof |
| CN106538841A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-03-29 | 上海新农饲料股份有限公司 | A kind of dried porcine saluble product and its production method |
| CN106520881A (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-03-22 | 广州市嘉仁高新科技有限公司 | Method for enzymatic hydrolysis of dried porcine solubles from animal small intestines |
| CN108260707A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-10 | 上海杰隆生物制品股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of animal dried porcine saluble |
| CN107549473A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-01-09 | 江苏伊博新蛋白资源开发有限公司 | A kind of low temperature de-oiling production method for digesting chicken dried porcine saluble |
| CN113693168A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-26 | 武汉新华扬生物股份有限公司 | Complex enzyme preparation for enzymolysis of porcine small intestinal mucosa residues and application thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20210415 Address after: 4041, 4th floor, building 3, China Agricultural University International Business Park, 10 Tianxiu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193 Patentee after: BEIJING ZHONGKE JINGMING BIOTECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 504, scientific research auxiliary building, feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081 Patentee before: Li Bingjie |