CN104052055B - A kind of electric automobile frequency modulation centralized dispatching control method towards active intelligent grid - Google Patents
A kind of electric automobile frequency modulation centralized dispatching control method towards active intelligent grid Download PDFInfo
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- CN104052055B CN104052055B CN201410311518.7A CN201410311518A CN104052055B CN 104052055 B CN104052055 B CN 104052055B CN 201410311518 A CN201410311518 A CN 201410311518A CN 104052055 B CN104052055 B CN 104052055B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
- Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
- Y04S30/12—Remote or cooperative charging
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
- Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
- Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electric automobile frequency modulation centralized dispatching control method towards active intelligent grid, its step comprises: detect electric automobile and whether access electrical network; Interface circuit obtains the initial state-of-charge of batteries of electric automobile, in real time state-of-charge, user's charge requirement and expects time departure; At charging station layer, based on battery and user data information, calculate electric automobile and expect charge/discharge power; Calculate electric automobile and can use frequency regulation capacity; At middle-agent's layer, calculate the total frequency regulation capacity of electric automobile and expect charge/discharge power; Communicate with AGC system simultaneously, send adjustment task to charging station layer; According to the descending adjustment task of middle-agent's layer, charge/discharge control is carried out to electric automobile.The present invention is controlled by centralized dispatching, sends electric automobile charge/discharge power, and inhibition zone power grid control error and the skew of interconnected network dominant eigenvalues, simultaneously completing user charge requirement, improve economy and the controllability of frequency quality of power grid and electrical network.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to intelligent power grid technology field, relate to the centralized dispatching control method that a kind of electric automobile towards active intelligent grid participates in electric grid secondary frequency adjustment.
Background technology
Electric automobile can effectively alleviating energy crisis and environmental pollution, and countries in the world put into effect the development of policy support electric vehicle industrialization in succession, and especially in China, electric vehicle industrialization development obtains government and vigorously supports, and thus network will be day by day universal for electric automobile.
As mobile energy-storage units, electric automobile charge/discharge power has regulating characteristics and response characteristic fast, possesses the inherent advantage participating in mains frequency and regulate, and thus the centralized dispatching of electric automobile participation electric grid secondary frequency adjustment controls to come into one's own.The object of electric power system secondary frequency adjustment leads to control interconnected network area control error, suppresses mains frequency fluctuation and dominant eigenvalues deviation.Usually, according to area control error, control centre concentrates and arranges control plan, and distributes to each power plant, arranges unit output, realizes power supply and demand coupling.But relative conventional electric power generation unit, single electric automobile power can be ignored, and simultaneously as a kind of vehicles, batteries of electric automobile energy must meet user and use car demand.
Therefore, how to set up electric automobile layering dispatching concentration and control, complete electrical network regulatory demand and user's charge requirement, be current problem demanding prompt solution simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: based on quick adjustment and the response characteristic of electric automobile, the layering dispatching concentration control method that electric automobile participates in electric grid secondary frequency adjustment is proposed, meet electric automobile user by car demand while, suppress Grid departure and interconnected network dominant eigenvalues skew.
Consider above-mentioned purpose, technical solution of the present invention is:
Towards an electric automobile frequency modulation centralized dispatching control method for active intelligent grid, the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: detect electric automobile and whether access electrical network, if access electrical network, perform step 2, otherwise electric automobile leaves/does not access electrical network, can not receiving scheduling centralized control, cannot participate in electric grid secondary frequency adjustment;
Step 2: interface circuit IC (InterfaceCircuit), by car-mounted terminal, obtains the initial state-of-charge of batteries of electric automobile, in real time state-of-charge, user's charge requirement and expects time departure;
Step 3: at charging station layer (comprising single charging pile), in order to ensure the expectation battery charge state of electric automobile user, the battery uploaded based on car-mounted terminal and user data information, calculate electric automobile and expect charge/discharge power; According to the current charge/discharge power of electric automobile, calculating electric automobile can with frequency regulation capacity (comprising upper frequency modulation and lower frequency regulation capacity);
Step 4: at middle-agent's layer, the electric automobile frequency regulation capacity up according to charging station layer, calculates the frequency regulation capacity that electric automobile is total; Expect charge/discharge power according to up electric automobile, calculate the expectation charge/discharge power that electric automobile is total; Meanwhile, with AGC (AutomationGenerationControl) system communication, according to the frequency regulation capacity of area control error and electric automobile with expect charge/discharge power, send adjustment task to charging station layer;
Step 5: according to the descending adjustment task of middle-agent's layer, in conjunction with the expectation charge/discharge power of electric automobile, at charging station layer, assigns adjustment task, issues adjusting command, control charge/discharge machine, carry out charge/discharge control to electric automobile;
Step 6: perform step 1, judge whether electric automobile user leaves electrical network.
Further, the frequency regulation capacity computational methods of electric automobile are:
A) at charging station layer:
B) at middle-agent's layer:
In above-mentioned formula,
for the maximum V2G power of electric automobile;
for current V2G power;
for electric automobile quantity in charging station;
for frequency regulation capacity on electric automobile in charging station;
for frequency regulation capacity on electric automobile in charging station;
for frequency regulation capacity on all electric automobiles;
for frequency regulation capacity under all electric automobiles.
Further, the expectation charge/discharge power calculation of electric automobile is:
A) at charging station layer:
If electric automobile needs to carry out energy supply, it expects that charge/discharge power is:
In formula:
with
be respectively the expectation charge/discharge power of the electric automobile carrying out energy supply in charging station;
for carrying out the quantity of energy supply electric automobile in charging station;
for user expects state-of-charge;
for the initial state-of-charge of access electrical network moment electric automobile;
for electric automobile access power grid time;
for user expects time departure;
for batteries of electric automobile rated capacity;
If electric automobile maintains battery charge state, it expects that charge/discharge power is:
，
In formula:
with
be respectively the expectation charge/discharge power of the electric automobile maintaining the energy content of battery in charging station;
for maintaining the quantity of energy content of battery electric automobile in charging station; Upper regulatory factor
with lower regulatory factor
meet following relation:
When
time:
When
time:
When
time:
，
When
time:
In formula:
for the current state-of-charge of batteries of electric automobile;
for batteries of electric automobile allows minimum state-of-charge;
for batteries of electric automobile allows maximum state-of-charge;
B) at middle-agent's layer:
，
In formula:
with
be respectively the expectation charge-discharge electric power that electric automobile is total;
pfor electric automobile charging station quantity.
Further, control is sent to be in the adjustment task-set of electric automobile:
A) at middle-agent's layer:
Middle-agent's layer communicates with AGC system, sends adjustment task to be to electric automobile charging station layer:
In formula:
Wherein:
In above-mentioned formula,
for decision variable, meet
; ACE is area control error;
for the adjustment task that all electric automobiles are total;
for the adjustment task of each charging station electric automobile;
B) at charging station layer:
In charging station, according to the expectation charge/discharge power of the descending adjustment task of middle-agent's layer and electric automobile, send adjustment task to each electric automobile;
If electric automobile maintains battery charge state, its adjustment task is:
In formula:
with
be respectively charge/discharge efficiency;
for the adjustment task that the electric automobile maintaining battery charge state is total, and meet:
，
If electric automobile carries out energy supply, its adjustment task is:
In formula:
for the adjustment task that the electric automobile carrying out energy supply is total, and meet:
。
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention is controlled by centralized dispatching, sends electric automobile charge/discharge power, and inhibition zone power grid control error and the skew of interconnected network dominant eigenvalues, simultaneously completing user charge requirement, improve economy and the controllability of frequency quality of power grid and electrical network.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the layering dispatching concentration control framework that electric automobile participates in electric grid secondary frequency adjustment;
Fig. 2 is the control flow that electric automobile participates in electric grid secondary frequency adjustment.
Embodiment
The present invention is based on electric automobile dispersion networking feature, set up the hierarchical control frame structure that electric automobile participates in electric grid secondary frequency adjustment.This frame structure comprises: electric automobile middle-agent layer, charging station layer, interface circuit IC (InterfaceCircuit) and user.Middle-agent's layer is made up of " total expectation charge/discharge power ", " total frequency regulation capacity calculating " and " V2G (VehicletoGrid) control ", be responsible for communicating with AGC (AutomationGenerationControl) system, send adjustment task to electric automobile charging station layer." total expectation charge/discharge power " module calculates the up electric automobile of charging station layer and expects charge/discharge power; The electric automobile that " total frequency regulation capacity calculating " module calculates charging station layer up can use frequency regulation capacity; Control based on the area control error of AGC system and LOAD FREQUENCY and the expectation charge/discharge power of electric automobile and available frequency regulation capacity, " V2G controls " module gives each charging station arrangement layer adjustment task.At charging station layer (comprising single EV (ElectricVehicle)), mainly comprise " expecting charge/discharge power ", " frequency regulation capacity calculating " and " V2G control ".According to electric automobile user charge requirement and present battery state-of-charge, " expecting charge/discharge power " module calculation expectation charge/discharge power; " frequency regulation capacity calculating " module calculates electric automobile in real time can with frequency regulation capacity (comprising lower frequency regulation capacity and upper frequency regulation capacity), and uply gives middle-agent's layer; " V2G control " module, according to the descending adjustment task of middle-agent's layer, assigns adjustment task to single EV.Interface circuit (comprising IMS (InformationManagementSystem) and charge/discharge machine) communicates with electric automobile car-mounted terminal, up battery charge state (being managed by battery management system BMS (BatteryManagementSystem)) and user's charge requirement, and according to descending adjustment task, control charge/discharge machine, charge/discharge control is carried out to electric automobile.
In such scheme, the principle that layering dispatching concentration controls is: middle-agent's layer expects charge/discharge power according to up frequency regulation capacity, area control error and electric automobile, dynamically coordinates upper and lower frequency adjustment task; Charging station layer is according to user's charge requirement, in real time battery charge state and electric automobile current power, real-time calculation expectation charge/discharge power and available upper and lower frequency regulation capacity.By the control of middle-agent's layer and charging station layer, complete the charge requirement of interconnected network region regulatory demand and electric automobile user.
By reference to the accompanying drawings 1 and accompanying drawing 2, the specific embodiment of the invention is as follows:
Based on conventional fuel oil automobile analytical method, set up electric automobile networking characteristic model and user's charge requirement model, and build electric automobile dispersion networking centralized dispatching hierarchy system framework, then perform following steps:
Step 1: detect electric automobile and whether access electrical network, if access electrical network, perform step 2, otherwise electric automobile leaves/does not access electrical network, can not accept centralized dispatching and control, cannot participate in electric grid secondary frequency adjustment;
Step 2: interface circuit IC (InterfaceCircuit), by car-mounted terminal, obtains the initial state-of-charge of batteries of electric automobile, in real time state-of-charge, user's charge requirement and expects time departure;
Step 3: at charging station layer (comprising single charging pile), in order to ensure the expectation battery charge state of electric automobile user, the battery charge state up based on car-mounted terminal and user's charge requirement information, calculate electric automobile and expect charge/discharge power; According to the current charge/discharge power of electric automobile, calculating electric automobile can with frequency regulation capacity (comprising upper frequency modulation and lower frequency regulation capacity);
Step 4: at middle-agent's layer, the electric automobile frequency regulation capacity up according to charging station layer, calculates the frequency regulation capacity that electric automobile is total; Charge/discharge power expected by the electric automobile up according to charging station layer, calculates the expectation charge/discharge power that electric automobile is total; Meanwhile, with AGC (AutomationGenerationControl) system communication, according to the frequency regulation capacity of area control error and electric automobile with expect charge/discharge power, send adjustment task to charging station layer;
Step 5: according to the descending adjustment task of middle-agent's layer, in conjunction with the expectation charge/discharge power of electric automobile, at charging station layer, assigns adjustment task, issues adjusting command, control charge/discharge machine, carry out charge/discharge control to electric automobile;
Step 6: perform step 1, judge whether electric automobile user leaves electrical network.
In the above-described embodiment, the frequency modulation control strategy and method of electric automobile employing is as follows:
(1) electric automobile frequency regulation capacity calculates
A) at charging station layer
B) at middle-agent's layer
In above-mentioned formula,
for the maximum V2G power of electric automobile;
for current V2G power;
for electric automobile quantity in charging station;
for frequency regulation capacity on electric automobile in charging station;
for frequency regulation capacity on electric automobile in charging station;
for frequency regulation capacity on all electric automobiles;
for frequency regulation capacity under all electric automobiles.
(2) charge/discharge power calculation expected by electric automobile
A) at charging station layer
If electric automobile needs to carry out energy supply, it expects that charge/discharge power is
In formula:
with
be respectively the expectation charge/discharge power of the electric automobile carrying out energy supply in charging station;
for carrying out the quantity of energy supply electric automobile in charging station;
for user expects state-of-charge;
for the initial state-of-charge of access electrical network moment electric automobile;
for electric automobile access power grid time;
for user expects time departure;
for batteries of electric automobile rated capacity.
If electric automobile maintains battery charge state, it expects that charge/discharge power is
In formula:
with
be respectively the expectation charge/discharge power of the electric automobile maintaining the energy content of battery in charging station;
for maintaining the quantity of energy content of battery electric automobile in charging station; Upper regulatory factor
with lower regulatory factor
meet following relation:
When
time
When
time
When
time
When
time
In formula:
for the state-of-charge of batteries of electric automobile;
for batteries of electric automobile allows minimum state-of-charge;
for batteries of electric automobile allows maximum state-of-charge.
B) at middle-agent's layer
In formula:
with
be respectively the expectation charge-discharge electric power that electric automobile is total;
pfor electric automobile charging station quantity.
(3) electric automobile V2G sends control
A) at middle-agent's layer
Middle-agent's layer communicates with AGC system, sends adjustment task to be to electric automobile charging station layer:
In formula:
Wherein:
In above formula,
for decision variable, meet
; ACE (AreaControlError is called for short ACE) is area control error;
for the adjustment task that electric automobile is total;
for the adjustment task of each charging station.
B) at charging station layer
In charging station, according to the expectation charge/discharge power of the descending adjustment task of middle-agent's layer and electric automobile, send adjustment task to each electric automobile.
If electric automobile maintains battery charge state, its adjustment task is:
In formula:
with
be respectively charge/discharge efficiency;
for the adjustment task that the electric automobile maintaining battery charge state is total, and meet
If electric automobile carries out energy supply, its adjustment task is:
In formula:
for the adjustment task that the electric automobile carrying out energy supply is total, and meet
In sum, the present invention is based on electric power system frequency modulation frequency modulation centralized control thought, establish electric automobile centralized dispatching frequency modulation heterarchical architecture, comprise charging station layer and middle-agent's layer.At charging station layer, according to the current charge/discharge power of electric automobile, calculate the frequency regulation capacity of electric automobile; According to electric automobile state-of-charge and user's charge requirement, calculate electric automobile and expect charge/discharge power; According to the descending adjustment task of middle-agent's layer, and expect charge/discharge power in conjunction with electric automobile, assign adjustment task to electric automobile.At middle-agent's layer, according to the up frequency regulation capacity of charging station layer, calculate the frequency regulation capacity that electric automobile is total; According to charging station layer up expectation charge/discharge power, calculate the expectation charge/discharge power that electric automobile is total; Communicate with automatic electricity generation control system, the frequency regulation capacity total according to electric automobile and expectation charge/discharge power and Grid departure, send frequency modulation task to electric automobile charging station.The present invention is controlled by centralized dispatching, sends electric automobile charge/discharge power, inhibition zone power grid control error, simultaneously completing user charge requirement, improves the economical and controllability of electrical network.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention.All any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1., towards an electric automobile frequency modulation centralized dispatching control method for active intelligent grid, it is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: detect electric automobile and whether access electrical network, if access electrical network, perform step 2, otherwise electric automobile leaves/does not access electrical network, can not receiving scheduling centralized control, cannot participate in electric grid secondary frequency adjustment;
Step 2: interface circuit IC, by car-mounted terminal, obtains the initial state-of-charge of batteries of electric automobile, in real time state-of-charge, user's charge requirement and expects time departure;
Step 3: at charging station layer, described charging station layer comprises single charging pile, and in order to ensure the expectation battery charge state of electric automobile user, the battery uploaded based on car-mounted terminal and user data information, calculate electric automobile and expect charge/discharge power; According to the current charge/discharge power of electric automobile, calculate electric automobile and can use frequency regulation capacity, described electric automobile can comprise upper frequency modulation and lower frequency regulation capacity with frequency regulation capacity;
Step 4: at middle-agent's layer, the electric automobile frequency regulation capacity up according to charging station layer, calculates the frequency regulation capacity that electric automobile is total; Expect charge/discharge power according to up electric automobile, calculate the expectation charge/discharge power that electric automobile is total; , communicate with AGC system meanwhile, according to the frequency regulation capacity of area control error and electric automobile with expect charge/discharge power, send adjustment task to charging station layer;
The frequency regulation capacity computational methods of described electric automobile are:
A) at charging station layer:
B) at middle-agent's layer:
In above-mentioned formula, P
maxfor the maximum V2G power of electric automobile; P
i,kfor current V2G power; N
jfor electric automobile quantity in charging station;
for frequency regulation capacity on electric automobile in charging station;
for frequency regulation capacity under electric automobile in charging station;
for frequency regulation capacity on all electric automobiles;
for frequency regulation capacity under all electric automobiles;
The expectation charge/discharge power calculation of described electric automobile is:
A) at charging station layer:
If electric automobile needs to carry out energy supply, it expects that charge/discharge power is:
In formula:
with
be respectively the expectation charge/discharge power of the electric automobile carrying out energy supply in charging station;
for carrying out the quantity of energy supply electric automobile in charging station;
for user expects state-of-charge;
for the initial state-of-charge of access electrical network moment electric automobile;
for electric automobile access power grid time;
for user expects time departure;
for batteries of electric automobile rated capacity;
If electric automobile maintains battery charge state, it expects that charge/discharge power is:
In formula:
with
be respectively the expectation charge/discharge power of the electric automobile maintaining the energy content of battery in charging station;
for maintaining the quantity of energy content of battery electric automobile in charging station; Upper regulatory factor
with lower regulatory factor
meet following relation:
When
time:
When
time:
When
time:
When
time:
In formula: SOC
i,kfor the current state-of-charge of batteries of electric automobile;
for batteries of electric automobile allows minimum state-of-charge;
for batteries of electric automobile allows maximum state-of-charge;
B) at middle-agent's layer:
In formula:
with
be respectively the expectation charge-discharge electric power that electric automobile is total; P is electric automobile charging station quantity;
Step 5: according to the descending adjustment task of middle-agent's layer, in conjunction with the expectation charge/discharge power of electric automobile, at charging station layer, assigns adjustment task, issues adjusting command, control charge/discharge machine, carry out charge/discharge control to electric automobile;
Step 6: perform step 1, judge whether electric automobile user leaves electrical network.
2. a kind of electric automobile frequency modulation centralized dispatching control method towards active intelligent grid according to claim 1, is characterized in that sending in the adjustment task-set of electric automobile control be:
A) at middle-agent's layer:
Middle-agent's layer communicates with AGC system, sends adjustment task to be to electric automobile charging station layer:
In formula:
Wherein:
In above-mentioned formula, α is decision variable, meets 0≤α≤1; ACE is area control error;
for the adjustment task that all electric automobiles are total;
for the adjustment task of each charging station electric automobile;
B) at charging station layer:
In charging station, according to the expectation charge/discharge power of the descending adjustment task of middle-agent's layer and electric automobile, send adjustment task to each electric automobile;
If electric automobile maintains battery charge state, its adjustment task is:
In formula: η
cand η
dbe respectively charge/discharge efficiency;
for the adjustment task that the electric automobile maintaining battery charge state is total, and meet:
If electric automobile carries out energy supply, its adjustment task is:
In formula:
for the adjustment task that the electric automobile carrying out energy supply is total, and meet:
。
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| CN110048406B (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2022-12-27 | 东北大学 | Control method based on participation of large-scale electric vehicles in power grid frequency modulation in groups |
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