CN104035412A - Crop diseases and pest monitoring system and method based on unmanned plane - Google Patents
Crop diseases and pest monitoring system and method based on unmanned plane Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a crop diseases and pest monitoring system based on an unmanned plane. The monitoring system comprises the unmanned plane and a ground station, devices which are carried on the unmanned plane include a control module, a global position system (GPS) positioning module, a sensing module and an image capture module, the GPS positioning module, the sensing module and the image capture module are connected with the control module, the sensing module comprises a pulse radar and a multi-band spectrum scanner and an infrared spectrometer, the pulse radar is used for monitoring insects, and the multi-band spectrum scanner and the infrared spectrometer are used for monitoring crops. The invention further provides a crop diseases and pest monitoring method based on the unmanned plane. The method includes the following steps that (1) the unmanned plane captures crops images and states in a delimited range; (2) a master control module analyzes the images which are captured by the image capture module, and remote sensing images and spectroscopic data from the sensing module; (3) the data in the step (2) are transmitted back to the ground station to be further analyzed. The unmanned plane infrared remote sensing technology is utilized for monitoring crop diseases and pest, and can serve as a powerful complement of satellite and space flight and aviation remote sensing.
Description
Technical field
the present invention relates to unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing application, particularly a kind of diseases and pests of agronomic crop monitoring system and method based on unmanned plane.
Background technology
Impact and the harm of diseases and pests of agronomic crop on agricultural production is quite surprising.According to statistics, crop disease and insect can make the world agriculture harvest underproduction 1/3, and the loss that world's corn yield causes due to disease and pest estimates approximately to can be 12% of harvest yield.China is large agricultural country, and diseases and pests of agronomic crop is also quite serious on the impact of agricultural production, and the loss causing due to disease and pest is every year also appreciable about 10%~15% greatly.Therefore, how we can find disease and pest early, take early prophylactico-therapeutic measures, reduce the loss as far as possible, improve crop yield, just become letter problem to be solved in current agricultural production.
Unmanned plane is a kind of by wireless remote control or by self programme controlled not manned vehicle, with satellite remote sensing, Aero-Space remote sensing is compared, and has unique advantage, can be used as their useful supplementing aspect diseases and pests of agronomic crop monitoring.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of diseases and pests of agronomic crop monitoring system based on unmanned plane, and relatively satellite remote sensing, Aero-Space remote sensing cost are lower, are easy to control.
The present invention is by the following technical solutions: a kind of diseases and pests of agronomic crop monitoring system based on unmanned plane, comprise unmanned plane and land station, GPS locating module, sensing module and image capture module that the equipment that unmanned plane carries has control module and is connected with control module, sensing module comprises monitors the pulsed radar of insect and multiband spectrum scanner, the infrared spectrometer of monitoring crops.Also comprise humiture module, be connected with control module; Communication module, for connecting main control module and land station.
Preferably, image capture module is CCD camera, and humiture module is infrared thermography.
The present invention also provides the diseases and pests of agronomic crop monitoring method of a kind of utilization based on unmanned plane, comprises the following steps:
Crop map picture and state in step 1, unmanned plane collection draw the line;
The image that step 2, main control module analysis image acquisition module gather and from remote sensing images and the spectroscopic data of sensing module;
Step 3, the data back land station in step 2 is further analyzed.
Step 1 detailed process is:
1), image capture module is taken pictures to crops and surrounding environment in real time;
2), pulsed radar has or not insect according to the electromagnetic wave detection that is reflected back, infrared spectrometer and multiband spectrum scanner gather the spectral signature of the different-waveband of crops, and generate collection of illustrative plates.
Whether step 2 detailed process is: different and have disease and pest to set up respectively model according to crop growth period.
The beneficial effect that the present invention reaches is: 1, save time, laborsaving and take pictures and there is no dead angle; 2, unmanned plane small and exquisite flexibly, be convenient to control; 3, Satellite Remote Sensing, Aero-Space monitoring relatively, cost is lower, easily realizes.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the diseases and pests of agronomic crop monitoring system structured flowchart that the present invention is based on unmanned plane.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the GPS locating module, sensing module and the image capture module that the present invention includes control module and be connected with control module, sensing module comprises monitors the pulsed radar of insect and multiband spectrum scanner, the infrared spectrometer of monitoring crops.Also comprise humiture module, be connected with control module; Communication module, for connecting main control module and land station.
Remote sensing technique prediction crop disease and insect, except from spectrum angle analysis, also can be identified the crop that has disease and pest with remote sensing image.
Crop does not also recognize the disease and pest initial stage of coming at naked eyes, it presents dark red tone on color infrared image, and normal crop is red.The tone difference producing according to image contrast can be judged the crop that is injured.Because crop is often very high at the spectral reflectivity in near-infrared wavelength territory, in the time that crop is subject to disease and pest, leaf water content reduces, and cell subsides thereupon, chlorophyll reduces, therefore, they can reduce by nature at the spectral reflectance in infrared wavelength territory, and infrared spectrum reflection loss occurs, cause on color infrared image, the tone of crop of being injured is darker than the tone of normal crop, and in the time that normal crop be redness, the crop that is injured is rendered as kermesinus.When disease and pest further develops, the chlorophyll of crop leaf is disappeared totally, blade construction is while suffering thoroughly to destroy, it is darker that image tone can become, so that present cyan tune etc.According to the difference of being injured on color infrared image between crop and normal crop tone, the crop that is injured that we just can not yet aware naked eyes very soon judges, as shown in the table.
Show healthy crops and the image feature of the crops that are injured
Crops | Color infrared image | True color image |
Healthy crops | Scarlet | Green |
Be subject to disease and pest crops (initial stage) | Dark red | Green |
Be subject to disease and pest crops (later stage) | Reddish brown-green grass or young crops | Yellowish green |
Be more than preferred embodiments of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.Any those of ordinary skill in the art are in the disclosed technical scope of the present invention, and the conversion of expecting without creative work or replacement, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.Therefore protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain that claim was limited.
Claims (8)
1. the diseases and pests of agronomic crop monitoring system based on unmanned plane, comprise unmanned plane and land station, GPS locating module, sensing module and image capture module that the equipment that unmanned plane carries has control module and is connected with control module, is characterized in that: described sensing module comprises monitors the pulsed radar of insect and multiband spectrum scanner, the infrared spectrometer of monitoring crops.
2. the diseases and pests of agronomic crop monitoring system based on unmanned plane according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise humiture module, be connected with control module.
3. the diseases and pests of agronomic crop monitoring system based on unmanned plane according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise communication module, for connecting main control module and land station.
4. the diseases and pests of agronomic crop monitoring system based on unmanned plane according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described image capture module is CCD camera.
5. the diseases and pests of agronomic crop monitoring system based on unmanned plane according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described humiture module is infrared thermography.
6. a method of utilizing the diseases and pests of agronomic crop monitoring system based on unmanned plane described in claim 1 to monitor, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Crop map picture and state in step 1, unmanned plane collection draw the line;
The image that step 2, main control module analysis image acquisition module gather and from remote sensing images and the spectroscopic data of sensing module;
Step 3, the data back land station in step 2 is further analyzed.
7. the diseases and pests of agronomic crop monitoring method based on unmanned plane according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described step 1 detailed process is:
1), image capture module is taken pictures to crops and surrounding environment in real time;
2), pulsed radar has or not insect according to the electromagnetic wave detection that is reflected back, infrared spectrometer and multiband spectrum scanner gather the spectral signature of the different-waveband of crops, and generate collection of illustrative plates.
8. whether the diseases and pests of agronomic crop monitoring method based on unmanned plane according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described step 2 detailed process is: different and have disease and pest to set up respectively model according to crop growth period.
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