CN104027141B - 具有运送楔的吻合钉钉仓 - Google Patents

具有运送楔的吻合钉钉仓 Download PDF

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CN104027141B
CN104027141B CN201410079812.XA CN201410079812A CN104027141B CN 104027141 B CN104027141 B CN 104027141B CN 201410079812 A CN201410079812 A CN 201410079812A CN 104027141 B CN104027141 B CN 104027141B
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staple cartridge
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wedge
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托马斯·R·赫斯勒
斯坦尼斯洛娃·科斯切夫斯基
欧内斯特·奥拉尼
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    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/0682Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying U-shaped staples or clamps, e.g. without a forming anvil
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B17/07207Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61B2017/00367Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like
    • A61B2017/00398Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like using powered actuators, e.g. stepper motors, solenoids
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00477Coupling
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00526Methods of manufacturing
    • A61B2017/0053Loading magazines or sutures into applying tools
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
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    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B2090/038Automatic limiting or abutting means, e.g. for safety during shipment
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
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    • Y10T29/49721Repairing with disassembling
    • Y10T29/4973Replacing of defective part
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有运送楔的吻合钉钉仓。可与手术器械一起使用的末端执行器包括可枢转地联接至第二钳夹的第一钳夹。第一钳夹包括吻合钉成形凹处。吻合钉钉仓能够可释放地附接至第二钳夹的通道。多个吻合钉被布置在吻合钉钉仓中。运送楔可释放地附接至吻合钉钉仓。运送楔保持吻合钉在其相应的保持狭槽中,并且可用于使吻合钉钉仓与第二钳夹的通道分离。

Description

具有运送楔的吻合钉钉仓
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2013年3月8日提交的序列号为61/774,942的美国临时专利申请的权益和优先权,该申请的全部公开内容通过引用合并于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及一种与手术器械一起使用的吻合钉钉仓。更具体地,本公开涉及一种具有运送楔的吻合钉钉仓,该运送楔用于保持多个手术紧固件在吻合钉钉仓中以及用于使吻合钉钉仓与手术器械的钉仓壳体分离。
背景技术
用于将手术紧固件施加到组织的手术装置是众所周知的。用于施加吻合钉、夹子或其它紧固件的内窥镜手术装置包括:手柄组件,其用于致动装置;内窥镜轴;以及工具组件,其在内窥镜轴的远侧端。这些装置中的某些被设计为与容纳吻合钉或紧固件的可替换的装载单元一起使用。例如,在使用内窥镜线性吻合器的过程中,用户可选择包括具有选定尺寸且被排列成具有选定吻合钉线长度的一个或多个吻合钉线的吻合钉的装载单元。发射以后,用户可卸除装载单元,选择另外的相同或不同尺寸的装载单元,然后再次从器械发射吻合钉。已知具有成对地被布置在切割线两侧的四行吻合钉线的内窥镜手术吻合器。
已知采用可替换的钉仓形式的装载单元。相反,已知拥有具有工具组件的装载单元的其他装置,其包括钉仓、砧座、驱动组件以及刀具。这种装载单元具有给装载单元的每次装载提供新刀具的好处。
使用具有一次性的或可替换的装载单元的手术器械来进行各种手术操作。这些装载单元通常包括被定位以接合手术器械的驱动构件的一个或多个可运动部件。如果在装载单元附接至手术器械之前及附接期间,可运动部件没有正确固定就位,则装载单元可能不会正确地接合手术器械,以及因此,可能不会正确地起作用。一些手术器械设有自动闭锁系统,在附接至手术器械之前,该自动闭锁系统阻挡工具组件的元件的移动,而一旦装载单元已经正确地定位在手术器械上时,就允许工具组件的可运动部件自由移动。
发明内容
在此公开具有第一钳夹和第二钳夹的末端执行器。所述第一钳夹包括吻合钉成形凹处且相对于所述第二钳夹能够枢转。所述第二钳夹具有通过相对的侧壁和底面所限定的大致U形通道。一对相对的凹槽设置在所述通道的远侧部。另外,相对的侧壁中的每一个包括在所述通道的远侧部中的狭槽。延长部分从所述第二钳夹的远侧端向远侧延伸,并且所述延长部分包括斜面。
吻合钉钉仓被可释放地联接至所述第二钳夹,并且所述吻合钉钉仓包括相对的侧壁。每个侧壁具有沿所述侧壁延伸且平行于所述吻合钉钉仓的纵轴线的导轨。每个导轨还从它的相应侧壁向外凸出。所述吻合钉钉仓包括多个被排列成阶梯结构的组织接触表面。每个组织接触表面包括具有延伸穿过相应组织接触表面的开口的多个保持狭槽。所述保持狭槽包括对应数量的吻合钉和推进器。所述推进器可滑动地与滑块相互作用,所述滑块在所述吻合钉钉仓的近侧端和所述吻合钉钉仓的远侧端之间是可平移的以响应被联接至末端执行器的手术器械中的驱动机构的致动。刀具狭槽沿所述吻合钉钉仓的中心纵轴线延伸并且被配置为允许刀具的近侧和远侧平移。一对相对的突起被定位在所述吻合钉钉仓的远侧端附近,并且可释放地接合所述通道的凹槽。另外,所述吻合钉钉仓包括在远侧端附近的相对的突出部,所述突出部能够插入到所述吻合钉钉仓的凹口内,用于使所述吻合钉钉仓对齐在所述第二钳夹的通道内。当所述吻合钉钉仓完全地就位在所述通道中时,所述吻合钉钉仓的鼻端包括与所述第二钳夹的斜面对齐的凹槽。通过所述鼻端的凹槽和所述斜面来限定间隙。
运送楔能够可释放地附接至所述吻合钉钉仓,用于保持吻合钉在其相应的保持狭槽中。所述运送楔包括相反的顶面和底面,所述底面具有从所述运送楔的远侧端延伸出的舌形片。所述舌形片包括锥面和远侧尖端。多个突出部从所述运送楔的底面延伸出,并且中央龙骨(keel)附接到所述运送楔的底面。每个突出部具有外表面、内表面、平的底面以及向内延伸的突起。每个突出部柔软地且有弹性地附接至运送楔且可释放地接合所述吻合钉钉仓的导轨。
根据本公开的一个方案,用于手术器械的末端执行器包括具有通道的第一钳夹、可枢转地联接至所述第一钳夹的第二钳夹、被定位在所述通道中的吻合钉钉仓以及可释放地附接至所述吻合钉钉仓的运送楔。所述运送楔具有从其一端延伸出的舌形片,所述舌形片能够与所述吻合钉钉仓的远侧部和所述第一钳夹的远侧部接合,以便于操纵所述运送楔使所述吻合钉钉仓与所述第一钳夹分离。所述舌形片可具有锥形结构并且所述第一钳夹可具有用于接纳所述舌形片的凹槽。所述第一钳夹可拥有具有相对侧壁的大致U形结构,并且每个侧壁可包括沿其长度部分延伸的肋。运送楔可具有多个突出部,并且每个突出部可被配置为可释放地接合所述第二钳夹的肋。所述运送楔可在所述第一钳夹和所述第二钳夹之间保持相同的距离。所述运送楔可具有被布置在所述吻合钉钉仓的通道中的龙骨。所述龙骨可使所述运送楔和所述吻合钉钉仓对齐。所述龙骨可阻止致动构件平移穿过所述通道。所述龙骨还可具有将所述运送楔附接到所述吻合钉钉仓的表面特征。所述运送楔可保持手术紧固件在其相应的保持狭槽中。所述吻合钉钉仓可具有相对的侧壁,并且每个侧壁可包括从其中延伸出的圆形突出物,以便于所述圆形突出物可被接纳在所述第一钳夹的远侧部中形成的凹槽中。所述圆形突出物和所述凹槽的接合可保持所述吻合钉钉仓在所述第一钳夹中。间隙可被限定在所述吻合钉钉仓的远侧部和所述第二钳夹构件的远侧部之间,以便于所述运送楔的舌形片可插入到所述间隙内。
在某些实施例中,在所述第二钳夹构件的远侧端形成斜面。所述斜面可从所述第二钳夹构件的外侧底面延伸,并且倾斜地引到所述第二钳夹构件的内部表面。
在此公开的任何一个实施例中,所述运送楔可具有阶梯形状。
在本公开的进一步方案中,将吻合钉钉仓从吻合器械卸除的方法包括如下步骤:将运送楔从吻合钉钉仓分离,所述吻合钉钉仓是包括多个吻合钉和吻合钉推进器的钉仓组件的一部分;将所述运送楔的远侧端插入到在所述吻合钉钉仓和所述吻合器械之间的间隙内;以及操纵所述运送楔以使所述吻合钉钉仓与吻合器械分离。
吻合器械可包括钳夹并且间隙可被限定在所述吻合钉钉仓和所述钳夹之间,所述运送楔的远侧端被插入到所述钳夹和所述吻合钉钉仓之间的间隙中。所述运送楔的远侧端可包括舌形片。所述运送楔的舌形片可被插入到所述间隙内。
在另一个方案中,替换吻合器械的吻合钉钉仓的方法包括:使运送楔与吻合钉钉仓分离,所述吻合钉钉仓是包括多个吻合钉和吻合钉推进器的钉仓组件的一部分;将所述运送楔的远侧端插入到所述吻合钉钉仓和所述吻合器械之间的间隙内;操纵运送楔以使所述吻合钉钉仓与所述吻合器械分离;以及用未发射的吻合钉钉仓替换所述吻合钉钉仓。
在所述方法中,所述未发射的吻合钉钉仓可具有致动构件,所述致动构件具有刀具。
附图说明
参照附图,在此公开本公开的运送楔的各种实施例,在附图中:
图1是根据本公开的一个实施例的包括吻合钉钉仓和运送楔的钉仓组件的侧视立体图;
图2是图1的钉仓组件的仰视立体图;
图3是图2的细节区域“3”的放大图;
图4是沿剖面线4-4截取的图1的钉仓组件的侧剖视图;
图5是部件分离的图1的钉仓组件的分解立体图;
图6是图1的运送楔的仰视立体图;
图6A和图6B是根据本公开的实施例的其它运送楔的仰视立体图;
图7是沿剖面线7-7截取的图1的钉仓组件的端剖视图;
图8是沿剖面线8-8截取的图1的钉仓组件的端剖视图;
图9是沿剖面线9-9截取的图1的钉仓组件的端剖视图;
图10是具有图1的钉仓组件的末端执行器的立体图,示出对于吻合钉钉仓用作释放工具的运送楔;
图11是图2的细节区域“11”的放大图;
图12是图21的细节区域“12”的放大图;
图13是沿剖面线13-13截取的图10的末端执行器的端剖视图;
图14是使吻合钉钉仓与末端执行器分离之前运送楔和吻合钉钉仓的仰视立体图;
图15是图14的细节区域“15”的放大图;
图16是图14的细节区域“15”的放大图,示出与吻合钉钉仓相接合的运送楔;
图17是沿剖面线17-17截取的图10的末端执行器和运送楔的侧剖视图;
图18是图17的细节区域“18”的放大图;
图19是图17的末端执行器和运送楔的放大图,示出使吻合钉钉仓与末端执行器分离的运送楔;
图20是图19的细节区域“20”的放大图;
图21是在将吻合钉钉仓组件附接到末端执行器之前,没有运送楔的末端执行器和吻合钉钉仓组件的立体图;
图22是根据某些实施例的手动操作的手术吻合装置的立体图,该手术吻合装置可用于内窥镜操作中;以及
图23是根据某些实施例的电动的或机动的手术装置的立体图,该手术装置可用于内窥镜操作中。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图详细地描述本公开的具有吻合钉钉仓和运送楔的钉仓组件的实施例,其中相同的附图标记指代多幅视图的每一幅附图中的相同或相应的元件。正如本领域中通用的,术语“近侧”指的是更靠近用户或操作者的部件或元件,而术语“远侧”指的是远离用户或操作者的部件或元件。
本公开的具有吻合钉钉仓和运送楔的钉仓组件是能与能够接纳可替换的装载单元的内窥镜手术吻合装置一起使用的。这种装置的一个例子被公开在编号为7,753,246的美国专利中,该专利的全部内容通过引用合并于此。
末端执行器100(图10和图21)包括相对的第一钳夹20和第二钳夹40,它们可枢转地彼此联接。末端执行器100可作为手术吻合装置的一部分被设置在内窥镜轴30的远侧端,或对于手术吻合装置10、10’,可形成可拆卸的和一次性的装载单元32的一部分。图22示出可用于内窥镜操作中的手动操作的手术吻合装置10。图23示出可用于内窥镜操作中的电动的或机动的手术吻合装置10’。可以预期到其它装置,例如其它手动操作的装置或机械式操作的装置。
末端执行器100的钳夹20、钳夹40被配置为在分隔开的关系(图10)和密切配合对齐(未示出)之间运动。第一钳夹20包括许多排,并且每一排包括多个吻合钉成形凹处24(图13)。第二钳夹40具有相对的侧壁42、44,其限定具有在第二钳夹40的近侧端和第二钳夹40的远侧端之间延伸的大致U形结构的通道46(图12)。通道46被配置为可释放地接纳将在下面进一步详细地描述的吻合钉钉仓63。通道46的远侧部包括被布置在通道46的相对的内部表面上的凹槽48(图12)。另外,第二钳夹40具有靠近其远侧端的凹口41(图12)。特别地,如后面将进一步详细地描述,每个凹口41为大致U形,并且开口在顶部用于可滑动地接纳吻合钉钉仓63的突出部61。斜面45形成在第二钳夹构件40的远侧端(图12)。斜面45从钳夹构件40的外部底面延伸,并且倾斜地引到钳夹构件40的内部表面。
开始参考图1至图3,已知根据本公开的用于手术吻合器的可替换的装载单元或钉仓组件60。钉仓组件60包括吻合钉钉仓63和运送楔80。吻合钉钉仓63包括用于接纳多个吻合钉或紧固件50和推进器58(图7)的保持狭槽66(图5)。多个横向分隔开的纵向狭槽延伸穿过吻合钉钉仓63以用于容纳致动滑块56(图4)的直立凸轮楔。中心纵向狭槽大致沿吻合钉钉仓63的长度延伸,并且有助于具有致动构件的驱动机构(未示出)的通过。通过发射杆推进致动构件,并且致动构件邻接致动滑块56,并且使致动滑块56平移穿过吻合钉钉仓63的纵向狭槽,这推进凸轮楔以与推进器58顺序接触。推进器58沿凸轮楔在紧固件保持狭槽66内竖直地平移,并且促使紧固件50从保持狭槽66进入第一钳夹20的吻合钉成形凹处24(图13)。
吻合钉钉仓63具有容纳多个手术吻合钉50和多个推进器58的细长主体部,该推进器58用于将手术吻合钉50从吻合钉钉仓63弹射穿过保持狭槽66的开口67朝向第一钳夹20上的吻合钉成形凹处24。开口67延伸穿过吻合钉钉仓63的组织接触表面64。组织接触表面64包括表面64a、64b以及64c,这形成阶梯形状。如图7所示,表面64a被定位为邻近刀具狭槽53(图5),该刀具狭槽53从吻合钉钉仓63的近侧部延伸至吻合钉钉仓63的远侧部,并且被配置为可滑动地引导刀具51(图4)。表面64b被定位为邻近表面64a,而表面64c距离刀具狭槽53最远。表面64a、64b以及64c大致平行于彼此,但是它们被定位在不同的平面上,从而限定如图7至图9所示的阶梯结构。表面64a在第一共用平面中彼此大致对齐,表面64b在第二共用平面中彼此大致对齐,以及表面64c在第三共用平面中彼此大致对齐。吻合钉钉仓63被配置为可释放地附接至第二钳夹40。吻合钉钉仓63的细长主体部具有开口近侧端,其用于可操作地接合手术吻合装置10、10’的驱动机构;以及仿形鼻端52,其被布置在吻合钉钉仓63的远侧端,用于钝接合身体组织。特别地,鼻端52具有被布置在鼻端52底面上的倾斜凹槽54(图2)。鼻端52的倾斜凹槽54与第二钳夹构件40(图12)的斜面45大致对齐,从而限定用于接纳被定位在运送楔80(图14至图16)的远侧端的舌形片90的间隙34。吻合钉钉仓63的每个侧壁包括向外延伸的脊或导轨68,其从吻合钉钉仓63的远侧端开始沿每个侧壁的大部分长度延伸。
在此公开的任何实施例中,钉仓组件60可包括具有刀具51的致动构件、用于接合砧座组件的上部以及用于接合钳夹构件40的下部。这种致动构件的一个示例被公开在序列号13/280,880的美国申请中,该申请的全部公开内容通过引用合并于此。
参考图11至图13,吻合钉钉仓63包括在其远侧端附近的相对的突起62。突起62被配置为摩擦地接合通道46的凹槽48。一旦吻合钉钉仓63被对齐在通道46中,吻合钉钉仓63朝着通道46的底面47的附加移动就导致突起62和对应的凹槽48的形配合(positiveengagement)。一旦吻合钉钉仓63完全地就位在通道46中,在突起62和凹槽48之间的摩擦接合就保持吻合钉钉仓63处于与通道46和第二钳夹40的操作接合中。此外,吻合钉钉仓63包括从吻合钉钉仓63的相对的侧壁延伸的突出部61(图5)。突出部61适合于可滑动接合在第二钳夹40的凹口41中。当突出部61被定位在凹口41中时,吻合钉钉仓63与第二钳夹40的通道46正确对齐。
参考图2、图3、图5和图6,运送楔80可释放地附接至吻合钉钉仓63。特别地,运送楔80为具有相反的近侧端和远侧端的细长结构,舌形片90从所述远侧端向远侧延伸。运送楔80还包括相反的顶面82和底面84,底面84被配置为接触吻合钉钉仓63的组织接触表面64。运送楔80具有比吻合钉钉仓63的宽度更大的宽度。多个突出部83被布置在运送楔80的侧边缘上,且每个突出部83沿横向于运送楔80的底面84的方向延伸。每个突出部83具有大致平面的外表面85、大致平面的底面81以及与大致平面的外表面85相反的具有圆形突起89的内表面87。每个突出部83具有弹性,因为它相对于运送楔80的底面84是可弯曲的并且朝向大致横向于运送楔80的底面84的中立或初始位置偏置。另外,运送楔80包括沿运送楔80的大部分的底面84延伸的中央龙骨94。龙骨94被配置为定位在吻合钉钉仓63的刀具狭槽53中。如下面所描述,运送楔80和吻合钉钉仓63可释放地彼此附接。
如图5最佳图示,运送楔80最初与吻合钉钉仓63分离,然后被定向为使得运送楔80的底面84与吻合钉钉仓63的组织接触表面64相对。随着运送楔80被推进到与吻合钉钉仓63接合,运送楔80的突出部83接合吻合钉钉仓63的导轨68。随着运送楔80被附接至吻合钉钉仓63,突出部83的弹性允许它们向外挠曲并且远离运送楔80的纵轴线。这受到在突出部83的内表面87上的突起89的弯曲结构的协助。由于运送楔80的底面与吻合钉钉仓63的组织接触表面64的接触,突出部83的弯曲突起89不再与吻合钉钉仓63的导轨68接触。特别地,如图7所示,导轨68和运送楔80的突出部83的结构如此使得当运送楔80就位在吻合钉钉仓63的组织接触表面64上时,每个突出部83的弯曲突起89已经横移超过导轨68。因为每个突出部83是弹性地偏置向中立位置,当弯曲突起89已经横移超过导轨时,突出部83受突出部的弹性协助返回至其中立位置,而弯曲突起89的上部接合导轨68的边缘并用吻合钉钉仓63保持运送楔80就位。中央龙骨94与刀具狭槽53配合起作用以对齐运送楔80与吻合钉钉仓63。再此外,当运送楔80附接至吻合钉钉仓时,运送楔80的底面84邻接吻合钉钉仓63的组织接触表面64并保持手术吻合钉50在其相应的保持狭槽66中。再此外,运送楔80的底面84具有对于吻合钉钉仓63的组织接触表面64的结构互补的结构。例如,运送楔80的底面84可具有阶梯形状,以对应于组织接触表面的阶梯形状。当第一钳夹20、第二钳夹40处于密切配合对齐时,运送楔80还可在第一钳夹20和第二钳夹40之间保持相同的距离。
现在参考图10,第一钳夹20和第二钳夹40被分隔开并且运送楔80已经与钉仓组件60的吻合钉钉仓63分离。特别地,运送楔80被定位为使得舌形片90被插入到吻合钉钉仓63和第二钳夹40的通道46之间的间隙34内。另外参考图14至图18,现在将描述从第二钳夹40卸除吻合钉钉仓63。运送楔80被定向为使得运送楔80的顶面82面向与末端执行器100的第二钳夹40的底面47相同的方向。如图15至图18所示,因为该布置,运送楔80的舌形片90能够容易地插入到吻合钉钉仓63和第二钳夹40之间的间隙34内。如图19和图20所示,因为被布置在吻合钉钉仓63和第二钳夹40之间的间隙34中的运送楔80的舌形片90,运送楔80相对于第二钳夹40被操纵。例如,运送楔80以舌形片90的远侧尖端作为对于运送楔80的枢轴点而枢转。随着运送楔80相对于第二钳夹40枢转,舌形片90的底面和吻合钉钉仓63的远侧部之间的接触施加足够的力进而克服吻合钉钉仓63的突起62和第二钳夹40的通道46的凹槽48之间的摩擦啮合。因而,如图19和图20所示,吻合钉钉仓63与第二钳夹40的通道46分离。在吻合钉钉仓63与第二钳夹40的通道46分离后,替换钉仓可被插入到通道46内,并且可操作地联接至手术器械。
运送楔80保持吻合钉在钉仓组件60中,并且有助于钉仓组件60从第二钳夹40的卸除,同时使用户与刀具51的接触可能性降至最低。而且,在此公开的任何一个实施例中,运送楔80可被配置为遮蔽或覆盖刀具51的刀片或致动构件的一些其它部分。
参考图6A和图6B,公开了运送楔的另外的实施例。每个运送楔大致类似于运送楔80且仅详细地讨论不同之处。图6A示出包括沿运送楔80a的大部分底面84a延伸的中央龙骨94a的运送楔80a。中央龙骨94a具有侧表面95a。每个侧表面95a包括多个弯曲突起89a。当运送楔80a附接至吻合钉钉仓60时,多个弯曲突起89a与刀具狭槽53配合,以使运送楔80a与吻合钉钉仓63对齐,并且采用摩擦配合将运送楔80a附接至吻合钉钉仓63。多个弯曲突起89a可使运送楔80a与吻合钉钉仓63纵向地和/或居中地对齐。
现在参考图6B,运送楔80b包括沿运送楔80b的大部分底面84b延伸的中央龙骨94b。中央龙骨94b包括绕纵轴线形成波型的侧表面95b。波型具有多个峰或弯曲突起89b。当运送楔80b附接至吻合钉钉仓60时,多个弯曲突起89b与刀具狭槽53配合以使运送楔80b与吻合钉钉仓63对齐,并且采用摩擦配合将运送楔80b附接至吻合钉钉仓63。多个弯曲突起89b可使运送楔80b与吻合钉钉仓63纵向地和/或居中地对齐。
现在参考图22,公开了手动操作的手术吻合装置10。这种装置的示例被公开在编号为7,565,993的美国专利中,该专利的全部内容通过引用合并于此。简要地,手动操作的手术吻合装置10包括手柄组件112以及细长主体114。一次性的装载单元或DLU32可释放地固定至细长主体114的远侧端。一次性的装载单元32包括末端执行器100,其具有第一钳夹20和第二钳夹40。如上面所描述,第二钳夹40被配置为可释放地接纳钉仓组件60的吻合钉钉仓63。手柄组件112包括固定手柄构件122、可动手柄构件124以及枪管部(barrelportion)126。当可动手柄构件124移向固定手柄构件122时,如上面所讨论,手柄组件112致动驱动机构(未示出),该驱动机构具有推进致动构件邻接致动滑块56(图4)的发射杆。手柄组件112还可致动第一钳夹20和第二钳夹40从分隔开的关系到密切配合对齐。
图23示出电动的或机动的手术吻合装置10’的示例性实施例,这种装置的示例被公开在序列号为13/331,047的美国专利申请中,该专利申请的全部公开内容通过引用合并于此。电动的手术吻合装置10’包括手柄201、接合器200以及一次性的装载单元32’。手柄201包括手柄壳体202,其具有下壳体部204、从下壳体部204延伸和/或被支撑在下壳体部204上的中间壳体部206、从中间壳体部206延伸和/或被支撑在中间壳体部206上的上壳体部208以及限定在内部的空腔(未示出)。驱动机构(未示出)定位在空腔内。驱动机构可被布置在上壳体部208内。上壳体部208的连接部208a被配置为接纳接合器200的对应的驱动联接组件210。在接合器200的远侧端处的末端执行器联接组件230被配置为接纳一次性的装载单元32’的近侧端。当接合器200配合连接至手柄201和一次性的装载单元32’时,当按钮组件232的按钮被压下时,如上面所描述,驱动机构接合发射杆,该发射杆推进邻接致动滑块56(图4)的致动构件。按钮组件232也可包括致动第一钳夹20和第二钳夹40从分隔开的关系到密切配合对齐的按钮。
在另一个方案中,将吻合钉钉仓从吻合器械卸除的方法包括使运送楔与吻合钉钉仓分离、将运送楔的远侧端插入到吻合钉钉仓和吻合器械之间的间隙内、以及操纵运送楔以使吻合钉钉仓与吻合器械分离。包括在此被公开的吻合钉钉仓63和运送楔80、运送楔80a、运送楔80b以及手术吻合装置10、手术吻合装置10’的钉仓组件60的任何一个实施例都可使用该方法。
分离运送楔的步骤可包括抓紧在运送楔的远侧端上的舌形片,并且抓紧在吻合钉钉仓的远侧端上的鼻端,然后将舌形片和鼻端沿相反的方向拉开。运送楔和吻合钉钉仓可以为钉仓组件的一部分。吻合器械可包括钳夹且间隙可被限定在吻合钉钉仓和钳夹之间。插入步骤可包括将舌形片插入到间隙内。操纵运送楔可包括相对于间隙枢转运送楔,从而克服吻合钉钉仓和吻合器械之间的摩擦接合。
在进一步的方案中,公开了替换吻合器械的吻合钉钉仓的方法。该方法包括将吻合钉钉仓从吻合器械卸除,然后用新的或未发射的钉仓组件替换吻合钉钉仓。该方法包括如下步骤:使运送楔与吻合钉钉仓分离、将运送楔的远侧端插入到间隙内、操纵运送楔以使吻合钉钉仓与吻合器械分离、以及将未发射的吻合钉钉仓插入到吻合器械内。该方法可包括钉仓组件60的任何一个实施例,钉仓组件60包括吻合钉钉仓63和运送楔80、运送楔80a、运送楔80b以及手术吻合装置10、手术吻合装置10’。该方法还包括在此公开的用于将吻合钉钉仓从吻合器械卸除的方法的任何一个实施例。
在一些实施例中,未发射的吻合钉钉仓包括具有刀具的致动构件。
应该理解的是,可以对在此公开的实施例进行各种修改。因此,上面描述不应该被解释为限制,而仅仅是一些特定实施例的示例。本领域的技术人员将设想到在于此随附的权利要求书的范围和精神内的其他修改。

Claims (19)

1.一种手术器械,包括:
第一钳夹,其以能够枢转的方式联接至第二钳夹,所述第二钳夹具有通道;
吻合钉钉仓,其被定位在所述通道中;以及
运送楔,其以能够释放的方式附接至所述吻合钉钉仓,所述运送楔具有从其一端延伸出的舌形片,
其中,所述舌形片具有锥形结构并且所述第二钳夹具有用于接纳所述舌形片的凹槽,并且所述舌形片能够与所述吻合钉钉仓的远侧部和所述第二钳夹的远侧部接合,以便于操纵所述运送楔使所述吻合钉钉仓与所述第二钳夹分离。
2.根据权利要求1所述的手术器械,其中,所述第二钳夹拥有具有相对侧壁的大致U形结构,每个侧壁包括沿其一部分长度延伸的肋。
3.根据权利要求1所述的手术器械,其中,所述运送楔包括多个突出部,每个突出部被配置为以能够释放的方式接合所述第二钳夹的肋。
4.根据权利要求1所述的手术器械,其中,当所述第一钳夹和所述第二钳夹处于密切配合对齐中时,所述运送楔在所述第一钳夹和所述第二钳夹之间保持相同的距离。
5.根据权利要求1所述的手术器械,其中,所述运送楔包括被布置在所述吻合钉钉仓的通道中的龙骨。
6.根据权利要求5所述的手术器械,其中,所述龙骨使所述运送楔和所述吻合钉钉仓对齐。
7.根据权利要求5所述的手术器械,其中,所述龙骨阻止致动构件平移穿过所述通道。
8.根据权利要求1所述的手术器械,其中,所述运送楔将手术紧固件保持在其相应的保持狭槽中。
9.根据权利要求1所述的手术器械,其中,所述吻合钉钉仓包括相对的侧壁,每个侧壁具有从其延伸出的圆形突出物,所述圆形突出物能够接纳在形成于所述第二钳夹的远侧部中的凹槽中。
10.根据权利要求9所述的手术器械,其中,所述圆形突出物和所述凹槽的接合将所述吻合钉钉仓保持在所述第二钳夹中。
11.根据权利要求1所述的手术器械,其中,间隙被限定在所述吻合钉钉仓的远侧部和所述第二钳夹构件的远侧部之间,所述运送楔的舌形片能够插入到所述间隙内。
12.根据权利要求1所述的手术器械,其中,在所述第二钳夹构件的远侧端处形成斜面。
13.根据权利要求12所述的手术器械,其中,所述斜面从所述第二钳夹构件的外部底面延伸,并且倾斜地引到所述第二钳夹构件的内部表面。
14.根据权利要求1所述的手术器械,其中,所述运送楔具有阶梯形状。
15.一种将钉仓组件从根据权利要求1所述的手术器械卸除的方法,包括:
使运送楔与吻合钉钉仓分离,所述吻合钉钉仓为包括多个吻合钉和吻合钉推进器的钉仓组件的一部分;
将所述运送楔的远侧端插入到所述吻合钉钉仓和所述手术器械之间的间隙内;以及
操纵所述运送楔以使所述吻合钉钉仓与所述手术器械分离。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其中,所述手术器械包括钳夹且所述间隙被限定在所述吻合钉钉仓和所述钳夹之间,所述运送楔的远侧端被插入所述钳夹和所述吻合钉钉仓之间的所述间隙中。
17.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其中,所述运送楔的舌形片被插入到所述间隙内。
18.一种替换根据权利要求1所述的手术器械的吻合钉钉仓的方法,包括:
使运送楔与吻合钉钉仓分离,所述吻合钉钉仓和所述运送楔为包括多个吻合钉和吻合钉推进器的钉仓组件的一部分;
将所述运送楔的远侧端插入到所述吻合钉钉仓和所述手术器械之间的间隙内;
操纵所述运送楔以使所述吻合钉钉仓从所述手术器械分离;以及用未发射的吻合钉钉仓替换所述吻合钉钉仓。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法,其中,所述未发射的吻合钉钉仓包括具有刀具的致动构件。
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