CN104019130B - A kind of adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing - Google Patents
A kind of adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN104019130B CN104019130B CN201410291061.8A CN201410291061A CN104019130B CN 104019130 B CN104019130 B CN 104019130B CN 201410291061 A CN201410291061 A CN 201410291061A CN 104019130 B CN104019130 B CN 104019130B
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- stator
- permanent magnet
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- magnet
- magnetic ring
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0408—Passive magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0423—Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other
- F16C32/0425—Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other for radial load mainly
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
- F16C2300/02—General use or purpose, i.e. no use, purpose, special adaptation or modification indicated or a wide variety of uses mentioned
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing, including: stator, stator permanent magnet magnet ring, stator magnetic ring regulate device, rotor, rotor permanent magnet magnet ring; The identical stator permanent magnet magnet ring of quantity and rotor permanent magnet magnet ring it is respectively provided with the inner peripheral surface opposite position place of rotor at stator; Described stator permanent magnet magnet ring is connected to the stator magnetic ring for regulating stator magnetic ring axial spacing and regulates device, between described stator permanent magnet magnet ring and rotor permanent magnet magnet ring, leave the gap for forming radial air gap. The method have the benefit that compared with conventional radial Permanent-magnet bearing, when rotor is in a certain position, can passing through to regulate axial location and the axial spacing of stator magnetic ring, regulate radial force and radial suspension rigidity between stator rotor, conventional radial Permanent-magnet bearing cannot regulate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bearing, particularly relate to a kind of adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing.
Background technology
The theoretical research of magnetic bearing is the earliest from Permanent-magnet bearing, and Earnshaw et al. finds, only can not be realized the stable suspersion of all degree of freedom by Permanent-magnet bearing. Yonnet etc. propose the radial and axial Permanent-magnet bearing of various structures, and set up model its bearing capacity and stiffness has been calculated. Dellinger, Tan Qingchang et al. utilize Method of Equivalent Magnetic Charge, axial magnetized radial permanent magnet bearing has carried out mathematical modeling and has solved. Tian Lulin et al. utilizes magnetic circuit model and method of virtual displacement that rigidity and the bearing capacity of multiple Permanent-magnet bearing have been calculated. More than study the relation all concentrated between the bearing capacity and stiffness solving Permanent-magnet bearing and magnet size, levitation gap, rigidity is determined by the structural parameters of system, once after Design and Machining completes, it is impossible to it is adjusted, lacks the theory and application research of adjustable rigidity Permanent-magnet bearing.
Radial permanent magnet magnetic suspension bearing utilizes the magnetic force between permanent magnet, it is achieved rotor suspension is in radial direction setting position. Current radial permanent magnet bearing many employings double-ring, or polycyclic structures, rotor portion is assembled side by side by one or more ring axial magnetic, and stationary part is also assembled side by side by one or more ring axial magnetic, both physical contact. When rotor is when radial deflection equilbrium position, rotor magnetic ring can be produced a radial force pointing to equilbrium position by stator magnetic ring, makes rotor return to equilbrium position, thus realizing driven suspension radially. Rigidity is the leading indicator and the parameter that characterize radial permanent magnet bearing characteristic.
Permanent-magnet bearing is often required to face variable load in the application, therefore the unadjustable driven suspension characteristic often affecting Permanent-magnet bearing of rigidity. It addition, stiffness tuning has important effect cross critical speed and vibration suppression at high-speed rotating machine in. Tradition Permanent-magnet bearing rigidity is non-adjustable, thus limiting the application of Permanent-magnet bearing. Realize the adjustment of Permanent-magnet bearing rigidity, the application of Permanent-magnet bearing will be widened.
The shortcoming of current radial permanent magnet bearing is, rigidity is determined by the structural parameters of system, specifically include the parameters such as the magnetic property of permanent magnet, physical dimension, magnetizing direction, once after Design and Machining completes, rotor is in space during a certain position, the rigidity of radial permanent magnet bearing determines that, it is impossible to be adjusted.
The rigidity of radial permanent magnet bearing cannot regulate, and can cause a series of system problem:
1) support performance of system cannot regulate, it is impossible to adapts to variable load.
2) critical speed of system is determined by rigidity, when working speed is near critical speed, will resonate, and causes that system is unstable.
3) compared with electromagnetic bearing, do not possess that bearing capacity is adjustable, the adjustable characteristic of rigidity, limit radial permanent magnet bearing application.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is contemplated to solve the problems referred to above, it is provided that a kind of adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing, and the rigidity of this radial permanent magnet bearing can be adjusted according to Practical Project demand, it is possible to adapts to unequally loaded needs.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing, including: stator, stator permanent magnet magnet ring, stator magnetic ring regulate device, rotor, rotor permanent magnet magnet ring;
The identical stator permanent magnet magnet ring of quantity and rotor permanent magnet magnet ring it is respectively provided with the inner peripheral surface opposite position place of rotor at stator;
Described stator permanent magnet magnet ring is connected to the stator magnetic ring for regulating stator magnetic ring axial spacing and regulates device, stator magnetic ring regulates device and stator permanent magnet magnet ring can be driven under external force to be axially moveable, and leaves the gap for forming radial air gap between described stator permanent magnet magnet ring and rotor permanent magnet magnet ring.
Described stator magnetic ring regulates that device one end is provided with the union joint for being connected with stator permanent magnet magnet ring, the other end is provided with for driving stator magnetic ring to regulate the swivel head that device rotates, and stator magnetic ring regulates the one side of the mid portion of device and stator contact and is provided with for carrying out, with stator, the helicitic texture that is connected; Described swivel head is positioned at outside stator, external driver device drive and rotate, and then the distance controlling stator magnetic ring regulating device precession stator by changing stator magnetic ring regulates the change of device axial location.
Described external driver device is driven to outside motor, motor control stator magnetic ring and regulate the change of device axial location.
Described stator magnetic ring regulates device and is made up of nonmagnetic substance.
Described stator magnetic ring is regulated and is fastenedly connected by bonding or mechanical engagement mode between device and stator permanent magnet magnet ring; Stator magnetic ring regulates device and can be axially moveable by external force driving.
Described rotor is arranged on stator interior or rotor is arranged on stator exterior.
Described stator permanent magnet magnet ring is made up of the stator magnetic ring that two axial chargings and magnetizing direction are relative, and each stator magnetic ring is all connected with the stator magnetic ring for regulating stator magnetic ring axial spacing and regulates device.
Described rotor permanent magnet magnet ring is made up of the rotor magnetic ring that two axial chargings and magnetizing direction are relative.
Described stator permanent magnet magnet ring and rotor permanent magnet magnet ring are evenly arranged respectively on the inner peripheral surface of stator and rotor.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1) compared with conventional radial Permanent-magnet bearing, when rotor is in a certain position, it is possible to by regulating axial location and the axial spacing of stator magnetic ring, regulating radial force and radial suspension rigidity between stator rotor, conventional radial Permanent-magnet bearing cannot regulate.
2) present configuration is simple, and the adjustable radial magnetic bearing of traditional rigidity needs the hardware such as sensor, controller, power amplifier, these hardware of elliptical of the present invention.
3) this structure is regulated by radial rigidity, thus it is possible to vary the critical speed of rotor, it is possible to adapt to different working environments.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing rotor is at interior structural representation;
Fig. 2 is that stator magnetic ring regulates apparatus structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 removes stator magnetic ring to regulate the adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing radial cross-section of device;
Fig. 4 is adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing rotor structural representation outside;
Fig. 5 be radial permanent magnet bearing stator magnetic ring single-ended regulate time stiffness variation relation;
Fig. 6 is the stiffness variation relation during adjustment of radial permanent magnet bearing stator magnetic ring both-end.
Wherein, 1. stator, 2. stator permanent magnet magnet ring, 3. stator magnetic ring regulates device, 4. rotor 5. rotor permanent magnet magnet ring, 6. helicitic texture, 7. swivel head, 8. union joint.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described with embodiment.
Such as Fig. 1, the radial permanent magnet magnetic suspension bearing of adjustable rigidity, this magnetic bearing is separate loading, is made up of stationary part and moving part, and stationary part is connected with the standing part of equipment, and moving part is connected with the rotating part of equipment; Stationary part includes stator 1, stator permanent magnet magnet ring 2, stator magnetic ring adjustment device 3; Moving part includes rotor 4, rotor permanent magnet magnet ring 5. In stationary part, stator permanent magnet magnet ring 2 is axial charging, and the magnetizing direction of two magnet rings is relative, is commonly mounted on stator 1 inner peripheral surface, axially can move freely; Stator magnetic ring regulates device 3 with stator magnetic ring respectively and is connected, moving axially by actuator, it is possible to regulate the axial spacing between stator permanent magnet magnet ring 2. In rotor portion, rotor permanent magnet magnet ring 5 is made up of two axial charging magnet rings, with the form arrangement that homopolarity is relative, and identical in the arrangement mode of stator permanent magnet magnet ring 2, leave certain gap between stator permanent magnet magnet ring 2 and rotor permanent magnet magnet ring 5, form the radial air gap of radial permanent magnet bearing.
As shown in Figure 2, stator magnetic ring regulates device 3 and includes: stator magnetic ring regulates that device 3 one end is provided with the union joint 8 for being connected with stator permanent magnet magnet ring 2, the other end is provided with for driving stator magnetic ring to regulate the swivel head 7 that device 3 rotates, and the one side that contacts with stator 1 of mid portion of stator magnetic ring adjustment device 3 is provided with for carrying out, with stator 1, the helicitic texture 6 that is connected; Described swivel head 7 is positioned at outside stator, external driver device drive and rotate, and then the distance controlling stator magnetic ring regulating device 3 precession stator by changing stator magnetic ring regulates the change of device 3 axial location.
It is make the stator permanent magnet magnet ring 2 can be axially movable that stator magnetic ring regulates the effect of device 3, stator magnetic ring is regulated and can be fastenedly connected by modes such as bonding, mechanical engagement between device 3 and stator permanent magnet magnet ring 2, and stator magnetic ring regulates device 3 and is axially moveable by external force driving. Type of drive has multiple, for instance mode 1: stator magnetic ring regulates device 3 and can be able to threaded with between stator 1 shell, reaches to change the purpose of the axial location that stator magnetic ring regulates device 3 and stator permanent magnet magnet ring 2 by precession. Mode 2: stator magnetic ring regulates device 3 and can be connected with outer linear motor, is controlled stator magnetic ring by motor and regulates the axial location of device 3.
The radial cross-section of this radial permanent magnet bearing is as it is shown on figure 3, stator permanent magnet magnet ring 2 and rotor permanent magnet magnet ring 5 are evenly arranged respectively on the inner peripheral surface of stator and rotor.
Fig. 4 show radial permanent magnet bearing rotor structural representation outside, rotor is arranged on stator exterior, the set-up mode of stator permanent magnet magnet ring 2 and rotor permanent magnet magnet ring 5 is constant, stator permanent magnet magnet ring 2 regulates device 3 with stator magnetic ring respectively and is connected, moving axially by actuator, it is possible to regulate the axial spacing between stator permanent magnet magnet ring 2.
Radial permanent magnet bearing operation principle:
When rotor permanent magnet magnet ring 5 is in radial center position, the radial force between stator permanent magnet magnet ring 2 and rotor permanent magnet magnet ring 5 is zero. When rotor Off-Radial center, the radial direction repulsion between stator permanent magnet magnet ring 2 and rotor permanent magnet magnet ring 5 points to axis direction, makes rotor return to equilbrium position.
Radial permanent magnet bearing stiffness tuning principle:
The rigidity of radial permanent magnet is mainly determined by the magnetic repulsion between stator permanent magnet magnet ring 2 and rotor permanent magnet magnet ring 5, and magnetic repulsion is realized by the magnetic field at air gap place between rotor. When regulating magnetic bearing and rigidity when needs, stator magnetic ring regulates device 3 and can be driven by external force, is axially moveable, and drives stator permanent magnet magnet ring 2 to move axially, thus the Distribution of Magnetic Field changed between rotor air gap and magnetic field intensity, reach to regulate the effect of radial permanent magnet bearing and rigidity.
Regulative mode has two kinds: one is that one end stator magnetic ring adjustment device 3 maintains static, other end stator magnetic ring regulates device 3 and moves axially, the feature of this regulative mode is, stator 1 part only one of which travel mechanism, degree of regulation is of a relatively high, while regulating rigidity, axial force can change simultaneously; The stator magnetic ring adjustment device 3 that another kind is two ends moves simultaneously, and the feature of this regulative mode is to keep axial force constant.
By finite element analysis, obtain the rigidity of rigidity adjustable radial Permanent-magnet bearing with the relation between stator permanent magnet magnet ring 2 axial spacing. Fig. 5 is to typical radial permanent magnet bearing axle, one end stator magnetic ring regulates device 3 and maintains static, when other end stator magnetic ring adjustment device 3 moves axially, the relation between stator shaft orientation spacing and Permanent-magnet bearing radial rigidity, it can be seen that, in whole adjustment process, radial rigidity be always on the occasion of, keep stable suspersion radially, along with the increase of axial spacing, radial rigidity first reduces, and slowly rises after arriving minima.
When stator magnetic ring two ends regulate simultaneously, and when two ends regulated quantity is identical, the rigidity of radial permanent magnet bearing increases with axial air-gap and reduces, until being zero, then rigidity becomes negative value, and increases with axial axial air-gap, first increases and reduces afterwards, as shown in Figure 6. Therefore when both-end regulates radial permanent magnet bearing, rigidity is except change numerically, it is also possible to from the occasion of becoming negative value, stable suspersion radially becoming axial stable suspersion.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in conjunction with accompanying drawing although above-mentioned; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme, those skilled in the art need not pay various amendments or deformation that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. an adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing, including: stator, stator permanent magnet magnet ring, stator magnetic ring regulate device, rotor, rotor permanent magnet magnet ring; It is characterized in that,
The identical stator permanent magnet magnet ring of quantity and rotor permanent magnet magnet ring it is respectively provided with the inner peripheral surface opposite position place of rotor at stator;
Described stator permanent magnet magnet ring is connected to the stator magnetic ring for regulating stator magnetic ring axial spacing and regulates device, stator magnetic ring regulates device and stator permanent magnet magnet ring can be driven under external force to be axially moveable, and leaves the gap for forming radial air gap between described stator permanent magnet magnet ring and rotor permanent magnet magnet ring;
Described stator permanent magnet magnet ring is made up of the stator magnetic ring that two axial chargings and magnetizing direction are relative, and each stator magnetic ring is all connected with the stator magnetic ring for regulating stator magnetic ring axial spacing and regulates device;
The regulative mode of stator magnetic ring has two kinds: one is that one end stator magnetic ring adjustment device maintains static, and other end stator magnetic ring regulates device and moves axially, and while regulating rigidity, axial force can change simultaneously;
The stator magnetic ring adjustment device that another kind is two ends moves simultaneously, keeps axial force constant, and the rigidity of radial permanent magnet bearing can from the occasion of becoming negative value, stable suspersion radially becoming axial stable suspersion.
2. a kind of adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described stator magnetic ring regulates that device one end is provided with the union joint for being connected with stator permanent magnet magnet ring, the other end is provided with for driving stator magnetic ring to regulate the swivel head that device rotates, and stator magnetic ring regulates the one side of the mid portion of device and stator contact and is provided with for carrying out, with stator, the helicitic texture that is connected; Described swivel head is positioned at outside stator, external driver device drive and rotate, and then the distance controlling stator magnetic ring regulating device precession stator by changing stator magnetic ring regulates the change of device axial location.
3. a kind of adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described external driver device is driven to outside motor, motor control stator magnetic ring and regulate the change of device axial location.
4. a kind of adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described stator magnetic ring regulates device and is made up of nonmagnetic substance.
5. a kind of adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described stator magnetic ring is regulated and is fastenedly connected by bonding or mechanical engagement mode between device and stator permanent magnet magnet ring; Stator magnetic ring regulates device and can be axially moveable by external force driving.
6. a kind of adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described rotor is arranged on stator interior or rotor is arranged on stator exterior.
7. a kind of adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described rotor permanent magnet magnet ring is made up of the rotor magnetic ring that two axial chargings and magnetizing direction are relative.
8. a kind of adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described stator permanent magnet magnet ring and rotor permanent magnet magnet ring are evenly arranged respectively on the inner peripheral surface of stator and rotor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410291061.8A CN104019130B (en) | 2014-06-24 | 2014-06-24 | A kind of adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing |
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| CN201410291061.8A CN104019130B (en) | 2014-06-24 | 2014-06-24 | A kind of adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing |
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| CN104019130A CN104019130A (en) | 2014-09-03 |
| CN104019130B true CN104019130B (en) | 2016-06-15 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105790640A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-07-20 | 苏州工业园区职业技术学院 | Variable-magnetic-force magnetic ring for magnetic levitation motor |
| CN108443320B (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2019-10-11 | 江苏理工学院 | A kind of variation rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing |
| CN110836774A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-02-25 | 四川九天真空科技有限公司 | Electromagnetic bearing test tool |
| CN113833759B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2023-06-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Permanent-magnet radial magnetic bearing with asymmetric structure |
| CN113833760B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2023-08-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Mixed magnetizing permanent magnetic bearing with large bearing capacity |
| CN115962243B (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-11-07 | 华中科技大学 | Axial magnetic flux permanent magnet hysteresis damper with adjustable air gap |
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| JPH0642531A (en) * | 1992-07-23 | 1994-02-15 | Ebara Corp | Magnetic bearing device and control thereof |
| DE19822587B4 (en) * | 1998-05-20 | 2010-03-11 | Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg | Thrust bearing of an open-end spinning device |
| SE0200014L (en) * | 2002-01-04 | 2003-07-05 | Olov Hagstroem | Magnetic radial stored rotor device |
| CN101764476B (en) * | 2009-11-09 | 2011-09-21 | 湘电风能有限公司 | Air gap adjustable permanent magnet motor |
| FR2962505B1 (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2012-08-10 | Mecanique Magnetique Sa | AXIAL ADJUSTMENT MAGNETIC BEARING AND MOUNTING METHOD |
| CN102062148B (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-12-12 | 北京前沿科学研究所 | Conical magnetic suspension bearing |
| CN102678745A (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2012-09-19 | 丁默 | Permanent magnetic bearing |
| CN203926400U (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2014-11-05 | 山东大学 | A kind of adjustable rigidity radial permanent magnet bearing |
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