CN112865421A - Five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor - Google Patents
Five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112865421A CN112865421A CN202011513199.XA CN202011513199A CN112865421A CN 112865421 A CN112865421 A CN 112865421A CN 202011513199 A CN202011513199 A CN 202011513199A CN 112865421 A CN112865421 A CN 112865421A
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002633 protecting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/12—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with auxiliary limited movement of stators, rotors or core parts, e.g. rotors axially movable for the purpose of clutching or braking
- H02K7/125—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with auxiliary limited movement of stators, rotors or core parts, e.g. rotors axially movable for the purpose of clutching or braking magnetically influenced
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/18—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures
- H02K1/185—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures to outer stators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/2726—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of a single magnet or two or more axially juxtaposed single magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/28—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/01—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for shielding from electromagnetic fields, i.e. structural association with shields
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/12—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots
- H02K3/16—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots for auxiliary purposes, e.g. damping or commutating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N15/00—Holding or levitation devices using magnetic attraction or repulsion, not otherwise provided for
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/18—Machines moving with multiple degrees of freedom
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic suspension motors, in particular to a five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor which comprises a motor shell component, a stator, a rotor and two pairs of magnetic rings, wherein rotating current and suspension current components are simultaneously introduced into the stator and a winding and are respectively used for generating active rotating torque and active radial suspension force so as to realize two-degree-of-freedom active control on the translation of the radial position of the rotor. The motor housing assembly is used for fixing a stator core, a first magnetic ring and a second magnetic ring, a third magnetic ring and a fourth magnetic ring are respectively fixed at two ends of the rotor, the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring are respectively coaxial with the third magnetic ring and the fourth magnetic ring and are in staggered fit with the third magnetic ring and the fourth magnetic ring, radial magnetization is adopted, and three-degree-of-freedom passive control and constraint of radial position deflection and axial movement of the rotor are provided. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the active and passive hybrid magnetic suspension structure provides five-degree-of-freedom position control on the radial and axial directions of the rotor, improves the radial supporting rigidity and the critical rotating speed of the rotor, and improves the control precision and the stability of the suspension position.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic suspension motors, in particular to a five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor.
Background
The magnetic suspension motor uses the magnetic force between the stator and the rotor to suspend the rotor in the air gap, so the magnetic suspension motor has the characteristics of no friction, no abrasion and no need of lubrication, and is suitable for high-speed and high-power occasions. The magnetic suspension motor is divided into a bearing magnetic suspension motor and a bearingless magnetic suspension motor, and the suspension force of the bearing magnetic suspension motor is provided by an independent electromagnetic bearing. Electromagnetic bearings are classified into three types, namely, active magnetic bearings, passive magnetic bearings and hybrid magnetic bearings. The suspension force of the active magnetic bearing is provided by the bias current in the magnetic bearing coil, the active magnetic bearing needs an independent control system and a standby power supply, the precision and the reliability of the system are ensured, the cost is higher, and the suspension magnetic field of the active magnetic bearing is easy to interfere with the rotating magnetic field of the motor; the suspension force of the passive magnetic bearing is completely provided by the permanent magnet and limited by the characteristics of the permanent magnet material, the suspension force which can be provided is not large, and the suspension force cannot be actively controlled when external disturbance occurs; the hybrid magnetic bearing has the permanent magnets and the electromagnets simultaneously, the permanent magnets provide bias magnetic fields, and the electromagnetic coils perform active control, so that the power consumption of an active magnetic suspension system due to bias current can be reduced, but the structure is complex, and the critical rotating speed is further improved due to the limitation of overlarge axial size.
The bearingless magnetic suspension motor utilizes the stator winding and the permanent magnet rotor to realize active suspension control, and does not need a magnetic suspension bearing additionally, so that the size of the rotor is shorter, the critical rotating speed is higher, and the bearingless magnetic suspension motor is divided into a double-winding magnetic suspension motor and a single-winding magnetic suspension motor according to the difference of the distribution of rotating current and suspension current in the stator winding. The stator of the double-winding motor is embedded with a suspension winding and a torque winding respectively, and the two windings are respectively introduced with different currents to generate a rotating suspension winding magnetic field and a rotating torque winding magnetic field; therefore, the sizes of the two sets of winding wires need to be matched according to the maximum values of the rotating current and the suspension current, so that the sizes of the winding and the stator slot are overlarge, and the utilization rate is not high. In the single-winding magnetic suspension motor structure, only one set of winding is arranged in a stator slot, and each phase of current in the winding comprises two components of rotating current and suspension current which are respectively used for generating axial rotating torque and radial suspension force. In the starting stage of the motor, the radial suspension position deviation is large, the suspension current component is required to be large, and the current in the winding is mainly used for providing suspension force; when the radial position of the motor is stable, the suspension current component in the winding can be correspondingly reduced, and the rotating current component can be increased, so that the specification of the wires in the winding and the size of the stator slot can be well controlled. The motor has the advantages of more compact overall structure, higher power density and easier processing and manufacturing.
In order to realize the normal operation of the suspension motor, except for the rotation motion, the stable control of the other five degrees of freedom of the rotor must be realized. A three-degree-of-freedom radial-axial integrated hybrid magnetic bearing (patent application No. CN 110848253A) provides an active magnetic suspension bearing structure with two radial degrees of freedom and one axial degree of freedom, and can be combined with a two-degree-of-freedom bearingless suspension motor to form a five-degree-of-freedom suspension active control structure, but the control parameters are many, and the control precision is poor, the structure is complex, the axial size is long, and the critical rotating speed is not high due to the motion coupling among the control parameters; a five-freedom magnetic suspension motor without a thrust disc (patent application number: CN 111211709) provides a two-freedom radial suspension bearingless motor, a radial two-freedom active control magnetic bearing and an axial one-freedom active control electromagnetic component, realizes the active control of 5 degrees of freedom, the parameter difference of two radial two-freedom control systems in the structure is large, the two-freedom bearingless motor part provides the suspension force which is axially and uniformly distributed, after the rotor is radially deviated, the suspension force and the magnetic pull force generated by nonuniform air gaps can influence the adjustment of the radial and axial positions of the rotor, the adjustment of the balance position of the rotor requires a plurality of sensors, a plurality of active control parameters and high coupling, and the control precision and stability are difficult to ensure; a five-freedom bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motor (patent publication No. CN 102377298A) provides a five-freedom bearingless magnetic suspension motor, which depends on two conical bearingless magnetic suspension motors to satisfy the five-freedom suspension of the radial direction and the axial direction of a rotor. The two double-winding magnetic suspension motors are used, so that the cost is high, the problems of overlarge axial size and low critical rotating speed still exist, further, the magnetic fields of the two motors are easy to interfere with each other, and the rotating shaft is driven by the two motors simultaneously, so that higher requirements are provided for the synchronous control of the two rotating magnetic fields. A bearingless permanent magnet slice motor (patent application No. CN 109347226A) is composed of a two-freedom bearingless permanent magnet slice motor, and realizes a motor system of passive suspension in other three degrees of freedom by means of magnetic resistance, thereby simplifying the structure of the system and reducing the cost of the system.
Aiming at the problems of the existing five-freedom-degree stable suspension of the rotor of the bearingless magnetic suspension motor, simple structure, small axial size, high control precision, good reliability and low energy consumption of the whole motor, an effective solution is not provided at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a five degree of freedom single winding does not have bearing magnetic suspension motor, is the one-piece passive magnetic suspension bearing structure that combines to constitute by a radial two degrees of freedom, axial one degree of freedom and two degrees of freedom do not have bearing magnetic suspension motor five degrees of freedom suspension control structure, and its major structure includes: a third magnetic ring and a fourth magnetic ring are respectively fixed at the two ends of the rotor; the single-winding magnetic suspension motor component generates active rotation torque and radial suspension force; and a motor housing assembly for fixing the single-winding magnetic suspension motor assembly, the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring, wherein the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring are respectively matched with the third magnetic ring and the fourth magnetic ring in a coaxial and staggered manner, and radial magnetization is adopted.
Specifically, the single-winding magnetic suspension motor assembly comprises a stator winding and a stator core. The stator winding is embedded in the stator slots of the stator core, and the current in the stator winding includes a levitation current component and a torque current component. The torque current component is used for generating a rotating magnetic field and a rotating torque, the suspension current component provides two-degree-of-freedom radial suspension force for the rotor, namely the five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor provides two radial degrees of freedom, the radial suspension force provided by the suspension current is uniformly distributed on the surface of the rotor, the radial position change of the rotor is detected according to a rotor radial position sensor, the stator winding suspension current component is adjusted by a DSP controller, the radial suspension force is changed, and the active control of the radial suspension position of the rotor is realized.
Specifically, the single-winding magnetic suspension motor assembly is fixed on a stator yoke of the magnetic suspension motor assembly, the stator yoke is used as a fixed supporting structure of the magnetism isolating ring II and the single-winding magnetic suspension motor assembly, the right sides of the stator core and the magnetism isolating ring II are positioned by virtue of a positioning step of the stator yoke, and the left side of the stator core and the left side of the magnetism isolating ring II are limited by virtue of a lifting bolt or a countersunk bolt III. The shell assembly of the magnetic suspension motor consists of a left side cover plate, a magnetism isolating ring I, a stator yoke, a magnetism isolating ring III and a right side cover plate in sequence from left to right. And each part of the magnetic suspension motor shell component is provided with a threaded hole along the same circumference, and the left side cover plate and the right side cover plate are connected with each part in a threaded manner by using evenly distributed countersunk bolts. The left side cover plate and the right side cover plate respectively form a fixed supporting structure of a first magnetic ring and a fixed supporting structure of a second magnetic ring with the magnetism isolating ring I and the magnetism isolating ring III, one side of the first magnetic ring and one side of the second magnetic ring are respectively limited by the interference fit of the left side cover plate and the right side cover plate, and the other side of the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring are respectively limited by the magnetism isolating ring I and the magnetism isolating ring III.
Specifically, the main part of the rotor consists of a rotor core, a third magnetic ring and a fourth magnetic ring, wherein the middle part of the rotor core is wrapped by a sheath, and the third magnetic ring and the fourth magnetic ring are fixed at two ends of the rotor. The rotor core is made of a high-performance permanent magnet material, and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet material and the rotating magnetic field generated by the torque current component are matched to drive the rotor to rotate at a high speed. The third and fourth magnetic rings at two ends of the rotor are respectively matched with the first and second magnetic rings fixed on the stator yoke to form two groups of permanent magnet offset bearings, and three degrees of freedom passive control of radial deflection and axial position of the rotor is provided. The connection between the magnetic rings at the two ends of the rotor and the rotor core is realized mainly by the threaded connection between the studs and the plugs at the two ends of the rotor. Taking the left side as an example, the third magnetic ring is placed on the polished rod part of the stud I, the left side of the magnetic ring is limited by a locking nut, the right side of the magnetic ring is positioned by an inter-shaft, and the right end of the stud I is in threaded connection with the plug II. The plug II and the permanent magnet sheath can be made of the same material, and the friction stir welding process is used to ensure the reliability of torque transmission when the rotor rotates at a high speed.
Specifically, the first magnetic ring, the second magnetic ring, the third magnetic ring and the fourth magnetic ring are coaxially fixed in a staggered fit mode, all the magnetic rings are magnetized in the radial direction, the polarity of the inner surfaces of the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring is the same as that of the outer surfaces of the third magnetic ring and the fourth magnetic ring, and magnetic repulsion is guaranteed to be generated. The generated magnetic repulsion force can be decomposed into radial and axial magnetic repulsion forces. The radial permanent magnetic repulsion can not only provide two-degree-of-freedom passive control of radial position deflection, but also be used for assisting the suspension control of the rotor radial position translation, increasing the rigidity and damping of the radial position translation active control, improving the precision and stability of the radial suspension position control, and simultaneously playing roles in buffering, rigidity adjustment and power-off soft protection. And the axial magnetic repulsion plays the roles of passive control and suspension of the axial position and soft limit, and due to the existence of the axial magnetic repulsion, the commonly used axial thrust disc of the magnetic suspension motor is reduced, so that the integral balance weight of the rotor is more reasonable. Alternatively, electromagnetic control magnetic poles can be selected to replace the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring.
After adopting the scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention has the advantages that the starting stage, the normal working condition and the stopping stage of the motor are all embodied, the starting stage of the single-winding magnetic suspension motor has great requirement on the suspension current component, but the existence of the coaxial magnetic ring structure can provide extra suspension force, so that the rotor can quickly reach the suspension state, the starting time of the motor is shortened, and the power consumption caused by the suspension current component is reduced; when the single-winding magnetic suspension motor works normally and stably, the radial magnetic repulsion of the magnetic ring structure plays a role in assisting suspension and increasing the radial movement rigidity, the power consumption of suspension current is reduced, the position control precision and the stability are improved, when disturbance occurs in the radial direction, the damping of the system is increased due to the repulsion between the magnetic rings, the magnetic ring structure can enable the rotor to achieve an approximate self-stabilization state, the power consumption of the suspension current in the process of adjusting the posture of the rotor is reduced, the control performance is improved, and when radial deflection and axial disturbance occur, the radial and axial magnetic repulsion components provided by the magnetic ring structure can completely achieve the functions of passive control and stable limiting; when the magnetic suspension motor stops working, due to the buffering effect of the magnetic repulsion force, the rotor is unlikely to collide with the stator in a full speed state, the damage to the stator and rotor materials due to collision is avoided, the service life of the motor is prolonged, the critical rotating speed of the motor is increased, the structure of the whole motor is simplified, the cost is reduced, the axial size and the starting time of the motor are shortened, the service life of the motor is prolonged, and the purpose of saving energy is achieved.
2. The inner surfaces of the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring and the outer surfaces of the third magnetic ring and the fourth magnetic ring are coated with wear-resistant materials, so that the rotor and the stator core are prevented from being collided possibly in the starting and stopping stages of the magnetic suspension motor.
3. Because the third magnetic ring and the fourth magnetic ring form a shaft shoulder on the rotor, the direct contact of the rotor and the stator core during abnormal work is avoided, the adverse effect on the magnetism of the rotor core material of the rotor due to collision is avoided, and the service life of the motor is prolonged.
4. The electromagnetic control magnetic poles can be selected to replace the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring, and the scheme has the advantages that the rigidity of the magnetic repulsion force can be actively controlled, and the accidental influence caused by demagnetization of the permanent magnet can be avoided. The magnetic energy loss of the magnetic ring can be avoided when the motor does not work.
5. The magnetic isolation rings I and III are used for avoiding the interference of magnetic fields generated by the magnetic rings on two sides on the rotating magnetic field and the torque magnetic field of the radial two-degree-of-freedom single-winding magnetic suspension motor. The magnetism isolating ring II is used for preventing the magnetic leakage of the rotating magnetic field and the torque magnetic field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor rotor of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
the magnetic field isolation device comprises a rotor 1, a rotor 2, a first magnetic ring 3, a left side cover plate 4, a countersunk head bolt I, 5, a magnetic isolation ring I, 6, an eye bolt 7, a stator winding 8, a magnetic isolation ring II, 9, a stator core 10, a stator yoke 11, a magnetic isolation ring III, 12, a countersunk head bolt II, 13, a right side cover plate 14, a second magnetic ring 15, a countersunk head bolt III, 16, a stud I, 17, a lock nut I, 18, a gasket I, 19, a third magnetic ring 20, a magnetic isolation sheet I, 21, a permanent magnet sheath 22, a rotor core 23, a magnetic isolation sheet II, 24, a fourth magnetic ring, 25, a gasket II, 26, a lock nut II, 27, a stud II, 28, a plug I, 29 and a plug II.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following description of the present invention will be made in detail and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, and in the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sectional views illustrating the structure of the device are not enlarged partially according to the general scale for convenience of illustration, and the drawings are only examples, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication. It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor mainly comprises: the magnetic field generator comprises a rotor 1, a left side cover plate 3, a right side cover plate 13, a stator yoke 10, a magnetism isolating ring I5, a magnetism isolating ring II 8, a magnetism isolating ring III 11, a stator winding 7, a stator iron core 9, a first magnetic ring 2 and a second magnetic ring 14. Each phase of current of the stator winding 7 comprises a levitation current component and a torque current component, the levitation current component is used for generating a rotor radial two-degree-of-freedom translational levitation force, and the torque current component is used for generating a torque. The stator core 9 is made of a high-performance silicon steel sheet or an amorphous material by overlapping. The shell of the magnetic suspension motor consists of a stator yoke 10, a left side cover plate 3, a right side cover plate 13, a magnetism isolating ring I5 and a magnetism isolating ring III 11, wherein the left side cover plate 3 is in threaded connection with the magnetism isolating ring I5 and the stator yoke 10 by using a countersunk head bolt I4 in the axial direction, and the right side cover plate 13 is in threaded connection with the magnetism isolating ring III 11 and the stator yoke 10 by using a countersunk head bolt II 12 in the axial direction. For the tight connection of the shell of the magnetic suspension motor, an even number of countersunk bolts with the same specification as the countersunk bolts I4 are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the left side cover plate 3, are positioned on the same circumference and are all used for connecting the left side cover plate 3, the magnetism isolating ring I5 and the stator yoke 10. The structure of the right side cover plate 13 is the same as that of the right side cover plate 13, even numbers of countersunk head bolts with the same specification with the countersunk head bolts II 12 are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the right side cover plate 13, and the bolts are positioned on the same circumference and are all used for connecting the right side cover plate 13, the magnetism isolating ring III 11 and the stator yoke 10. The stator yoke 10 is used as a fixed supporting structure of the stator core 9 and the magnetism isolating ring II 8, the right sides of the stator core 9 and the magnetism isolating ring 8 are positioned by the positioning step of the stator yoke 10, and the left sides of the stator core 9 and the magnetism isolating ring 8 are limited by the lifting bolt 6. Because the weight of the motor is overlarge, the lifting bolt 6 is adopted at the upper part of the motor, so that the motor is convenient to move and install. And the lower part of the motor is limited by using a countersunk head bolt III 15. The left cover plate 3 and the first magnetic ring 2 are in interference fit. The left side of first magnetic ring 2 relies on left side apron 3 to fix a position, and the right side then relies on to separate magnetic ring I5 and carries on spacingly. The right side cover plate 13 and the second magnetic ring 14 are in interference fit, the right side of the second magnetic ring 14 is positioned by the right side cover plate 13, and the left side is limited by the magnetism isolating ring III 11.
Specifically, the main part of the rotor 1 is composed of a stud I16, a stud II 27, a lock nut I17, a lock nut II 26, a gasket I18, a gasket II 25, a third magnetic ring 19, a fourth magnetic ring 24, a permanent magnet sheath 21, a plug I28, a plug II 29, a magnetism isolating piece I20, a magnetism isolating piece II 23 and a rotor iron core 22. Rotor core 22 is made by high performance permanent magnet material, and has placed magnetic isolation piece I20 between left side and end cap II 29, has placed magnetic isolation piece II 23 between right side and end cap I28 equally. The outer part of the rotor core 22 is wrapped by a permanent magnet sheath 21, the rotor core and the permanent magnet sheath adopt interference fit, and the permanent magnet sheath 21 is made of titanium alloy. The permanent magnet sheath 21, the plug I28 and the plug II 29 are made of the same material, and are integrated by friction stir welding, so that the reliability of torque transmission during high-speed rotation of the rotor 1 is improved. The polished rod parts of the studs I16 and the studs II 27 are respectively used for placing the third magnetic ring 19 and the fourth magnetic ring 24, and are connected with plugs at two sides through threads to transmit torque. The right side of the third magnetic ring 19 is positioned by means of a shaft shoulder, the left side of the third magnetic ring 19 is limited by means of a locking nut I17, a gasket I18 is arranged between the locking nut I17 and the third magnetic ring 19 and used for preventing the locking nut I17 from damaging the material characteristics of the third magnetic ring 19, and the functions of a locking nut II 26 and a gasket II 25 are consistent with the functions of the locking nut I17 and the gasket I18.
Specifically, the first magnetic ring 2 and the second magnetic ring 14 are respectively in coaxial staggered fit with the third magnetic ring 19 and the fourth magnetic ring 24, so as to generate radial and axial auxiliary suspension, and simultaneously play roles in buffering and limiting. The first magnetic ring 2, the second magnetic ring 14, the third magnetic ring 19 and the fourth magnetic ring 24 are coaxially matched, all the magnetic rings are magnetized in the radial direction, the polarity of the inner surfaces of the first magnetic ring 2 and the second magnetic ring 14 is ensured to be the same as that of the outer surfaces of the third magnetic ring 19 and the fourth magnetic ring 24, and magnetic repulsion is ensured to be generated. The generated magnetic repulsion force can be decomposed into radial and axial magnetic repulsion forces. The radial magnetic repulsion is used for providing two-degree-of-freedom auxiliary suspension force of rotor radial translation motion and passive control of radial position deflection motion, and simultaneously plays roles in buffering, rigidity adjustment and soft limiting. The axial magnetic repulsion plays roles of axial suspension and soft limiting, and due to the existence of the axial magnetic repulsion, an axial thrust disc commonly used by a magnetic suspension motor is reduced, so that the integral balance weight of the rotor is more reasonable. The radial suspension force is mainly provided by the suspension current component in the stator winding 7, the radial suspension force provided by the suspension current is uniformly distributed on the surface of the rotor, the radial suspension position of the rotor is detected according to the eddy current position sensor, the suspension current component in the stator winding is adjusted by the DSP controller, the radial suspension force is changed, and the active control of the translation of the radial suspension position of the rotor is realized.
Specifically, during the starting and stopping stages of the magnetic suspension motor, the rotor 1 and the stator core 9 may collide continuously, and the inner surfaces of the first magnetic ring 2 and the second magnetic ring 14 and the outer surfaces of the third magnetic ring 19 and the fourth magnetic ring 24 are coated with wear-resistant materials, so that the system failure is prevented, and the mechanical limiting and protecting effects of the rotor are achieved.
Specifically, because the third magnetic ring and the fourth magnetic ring form a shaft shoulder on the rotor 1, the rotor 1 and the stator core 9 are prevented from being in direct contact when not working normally, so that the adverse effect on the magnetism of the rotor core 22 material of the rotor 1 caused by collision is avoided, and the service life of the motor is prolonged.
Specifically, the electromagnetic control magnetic poles can be selected to replace the first magnetic ring 2 and the second magnetic ring 14, and the scheme has the advantages that the rigidity of the magnetic repulsion force can be actively controlled, and the accidental influence caused by demagnetization of the permanent magnet can be avoided. The magnetic energy loss of the magnetic ring can be avoided when the motor does not work.
Specifically, the magnetism isolating rings I5 and III 11 avoid the interference of magnetic fields generated by the magnetism isolating rings on two sides to the rotating magnetic field and the torque magnetic field of the radial two-degree-of-freedom single-winding magnetic suspension motor. The magnetism isolating ring II 8 is used for preventing the magnetic leakage of the rotating magnetic field and the torque magnetic field.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A five-freedom-degree single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor is characterized in that: the magnetic control device comprises a stator, a rotor (1), two pairs of matched magnetic rings and a motor shell assembly, wherein the two pairs of matched magnetic rings are respectively a first magnetic ring (2), a second magnetic ring (14), a third magnetic ring (19) and a fourth magnetic ring (24), the motor shell assembly is used for fixing the stator, the first magnetic ring (2) and the second magnetic ring (14) are respectively fixed at two ends of the motor shell assembly, the third magnetic ring (19) and the fourth magnetic ring (24) are respectively fixed at two ends of the rotor (1), the first magnetic ring (2) and the second magnetic ring (14) are respectively coaxial with the third magnetic ring (19) and the fourth magnetic ring (24) and are in dislocation fit and adopt radial magnetization, and magnetic repulsion among the magnetic rings is utilized to provide passive control of two degrees of freedom for radial deflection and one degree of axial movement of the rotor.
2. The five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the stator comprises a stator winding (7) and a stator core (9), each phase of current of the stator winding (7) comprises a suspension current component and a torque current component, the suspension current component is used for generating two-degree-of-freedom radial suspension force to realize two-degree-of-freedom active control of rotor radial position translation, the torque current component is used for generating torque, the stator core (9) is made of high-performance silicon steel sheets or amorphous materials in a superposed mode, the motor housing assembly comprises a left side cover plate (3), a stator yoke (10) and a right side cover plate (13), the left side cover plate (3) and a first magnetic ring (2) are in interference fit, the right side cover plate (13) and a second magnetic ring (14) are in interference fit, the rotor (1) is a permanent magnet rotor and comprises a rotor core (22), and two ends of the rotor core (22) are respectively connected with a third magnetic ring (19), The fourth magnetic ring (24) is connected with the nut through a stud.
3. The five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rotor (1) further comprises a stud I (16), a stud II (27), a locking nut I (17) and a locking nut II (26), two ends of a rotor core (22) are respectively connected with a third magnetic ring (19) and a fourth magnetic ring (24) through the stud I (16), the stud II (27), the locking nut I (17) and the locking nut II (26), a plug I (28) and a plug II (29) are further mounted on two sides of the rotor core (22), polished rod parts of the stud I (16) and the stud II (27) are respectively used for placing the third magnetic ring (19) and the fourth magnetic ring (24), meanwhile, the polished rod parts of the two magnetic rings are connected with the plug I (28) and the plug II (29) on two sides through threads to transmit torque, the right side of the third magnetic ring (19) is positioned through a shaft shoulder, the left side of the stud I (17) is limited through the locking nut I (17), and the left side of the fourth magnetic ring (24), the right side is limited by a locking nut II (26).
4. The five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the motor shell assembly also comprises a magnetism isolating ring I (5), a magnetism isolating ring II (8) and a magnetism isolating ring III (11), the stator yoke (10) is used as a fixed supporting structure of the stator iron core (9) and the magnetism isolating ring II (8), the stator iron core (9) and the right side of the magnetism isolating ring II (8) are positioned by the positioning step of the stator yoke (10), the left side of the magnetism isolating ring II (8) is limited through a lifting bolt (6), the axial direction of the left side cover plate (3) is in threaded connection with the magnetism isolating ring I (5) and the stator yoke (10) by using a countersunk head bolt I (4), the axial direction of the right side cover plate (13) is in threaded connection with the magnetism isolating ring III (11) and the stator yoke (10) by using a countersunk head bolt II (12), the upper portion of the motor shell is limited by the aid of lifting bolts (6), and the lower portion of the motor shell is limited by the aid of countersunk bolts III (15).
5. The five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor according to claim 3, wherein: a gasket I (18) is arranged between the locking nut I (17) and the third magnetic ring (19) and used for preventing the locking nut I (17) from damaging the material characteristics of the third magnetic ring (19), and a gasket II (25) is arranged between the locking nut II (26) and the fourth magnetic ring (24) and used for preventing the locking nut II (26) from damaging the material characteristics of the fourth magnetic ring (24).
6. The five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor according to claim 4, wherein: the left side of first magnetic ring (2) relies on left side apron (3) to fix a position, the right side of first magnetic ring (2) relies on to separate magnetic ring I (5) and carries out spacing, the right side of second magnetic ring (14) relies on right side apron (13) to fix a position, the left side of second magnetic ring (14) relies on to separate magnetic ring III (11) and carries out spacing.
7. The five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the rotor core (22) is externally wrapped by a permanent magnet sheath (21), the rotor core (22) and the permanent magnet sheath (21) are in interference fit, and the permanent magnet sheath (21) is made of titanium alloy.
8. The five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner surfaces of the first magnetic ring (2) and the second magnetic ring (14) and the outer surfaces of the third magnetic ring (19) and the fourth magnetic ring (24) are coated with wear-resistant materials.
9. The five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor according to claim 3, wherein: a magnetism isolating sheet I (20) is placed between the left side of the rotor iron core (22) and the plug II (29), and a magnetism isolating sheet II (23) is placed between the right side of the rotor iron core (22) and the plug I (28).
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