CN112865421B - Five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor - Google Patents
Five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112865421B CN112865421B CN202011513199.XA CN202011513199A CN112865421B CN 112865421 B CN112865421 B CN 112865421B CN 202011513199 A CN202011513199 A CN 202011513199A CN 112865421 B CN112865421 B CN 112865421B
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 31
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/12—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with auxiliary limited movement of stators, rotors or core parts, e.g. rotors axially movable for the purpose of clutching or braking
- H02K7/125—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with auxiliary limited movement of stators, rotors or core parts, e.g. rotors axially movable for the purpose of clutching or braking magnetically influenced
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/18—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures
- H02K1/185—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures to outer stators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/2726—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of a single magnet or two or more axially juxtaposed single magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/28—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/01—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for shielding from electromagnetic fields, i.e. structural association with shields
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/12—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots
- H02K3/16—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots for auxiliary purposes, e.g. damping or commutating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N15/00—Holding or levitation devices using magnetic attraction or repulsion, not otherwise provided for
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/18—Machines moving with multiple degrees of freedom
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic suspension motors, in particular to a five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor which comprises a motor shell component, a stator, a rotor and two pairs of magnetic rings, wherein rotating current and levitation current components are simultaneously introduced into the same winding of the stator and are respectively used for generating active rotating moment and active radial levitation force so as to realize the two-degree-of-freedom active control of the radial position translation of the rotor. The motor shell assembly is used for fixing the stator iron core, the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring, the third magnetic ring and the fourth magnetic ring are respectively fixed at two ends of the rotor, and the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring are respectively coaxial with the third magnetic ring and the fourth magnetic ring, are in dislocation fit and are radially magnetized, so that three degrees of freedom passive control and restraint of radial position deflection and axial movement of the rotor are provided. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the active and passive hybrid magnetic suspension structure provides five degrees of freedom position control of the rotor diameter and the axial direction, and simultaneously improves the radial bearing rigidity and the critical rotating speed of the rotor and improves the control precision and the stability of the suspension position.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic suspension motors, in particular to a five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor.
Background
The magnetic suspension motor utilizes the magnetic force between the stator and the rotor to suspend the rotor in the air gap, so the magnetic suspension motor has the characteristics of no friction, no abrasion and no lubrication, and is suitable for high-speed and high-power occasions. The magnetic suspension motor is divided into a bearing magnetic suspension motor and a bearingless magnetic suspension motor, and the levitation force of the bearing magnetic suspension motor is provided by a single electromagnetic bearing. The electromagnetic bearings are divided into three types, namely an active magnetic bearing, a passive magnetic bearing and a hybrid magnetic bearing. The levitation force of the active magnetic bearing is provided by bias current in a magnetic bearing coil, the active magnetic bearing needs an independent control system and a standby power supply, the precision and the reliability of the system are ensured, the cost is high, and the levitation magnetic field of the active magnetic bearing is easy to interfere with the rotating magnetic field of the motor; the levitation force of the passive magnetic bearing is completely provided by the permanent magnet, is limited by the characteristics of the permanent magnet material, can provide little levitation force, and can not actively control the levitation force when external disturbance occurs; the permanent magnet and the electromagnet are simultaneously arranged in the hybrid magnetic bearing, the permanent magnet provides a bias magnetic field, and the electromagnetic coil performs active control, so that the power consumption of an active magnetic suspension system caused by bias current can be reduced, but the structure is complex, and the critical rotation speed is further improved due to overlarge axial size.
The bearingless magnetic suspension motor realizes active suspension control by using the stator winding and the permanent magnet rotor, and does not need a magnetic suspension bearing, so that the rotor has shorter size and higher critical rotation speed, and is divided into a double-winding magnetic suspension motor and a single-winding magnetic suspension motor according to different rotation current and suspension current distribution in the stator winding. Wherein, a suspension winding and a torque winding are respectively embedded in a stator of the double-winding motor, and the two sets of windings are respectively fed with different currents to generate a rotating suspension winding magnetic field and a rotating torque winding magnetic field; therefore, the sizes of the two sets of winding wires are matched according to the maximum values of the rotating current and the levitation current respectively, so that the sizes of the winding and the stator slot are overlarge and the utilization rate is not high. In the single-winding magnetic suspension motor structure, only one set of winding is arranged in a stator slot, and each phase of current in the winding comprises two components of rotating current and levitation current which are respectively used for generating axial rotating moment and radial levitation force. In the motor starting stage, the radial levitation position deviation is large, the levitation current component is required to be large, and the current in the winding is mainly used for providing levitation force; when the radial position of the motor is stable, the levitation current component in the winding can be correspondingly reduced, and the rotation current component can be increased, so that the specification of the wire in the winding and the size of the stator slot can be well controlled. The motor has more compact overall structure, higher power density and easier processing and manufacturing.
In order to realize the normal operation of the suspension motor, stable control of the remaining five degrees of freedom of the rotor must be realized in addition to the rotational movement. The three-degree-of-freedom radial-axial integrated hybrid magnetic bearing (patent application number: CN 110848253A) provides an active magnetic suspension bearing structure with two radial degrees of freedom and one axial degree of freedom, and a two-degree-of-freedom bearingless suspension motor are combined to form a five-degree-of-freedom suspension active control structure, but the control parameters are more, and due to the mutual motion coupling, the control precision is poor, the structure is complex, the axial dimension is long, and the critical rotating speed is not high; a five-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension motor without a thrust disk (patent application number: CN 111211709) provides a two-degree-of-freedom radial suspension bearingless motor, a radial two-degree-of-freedom active control magnetic bearing and an axial one-degree-of-freedom active control electromagnetic component, so that the active control of 5 degrees of freedom is realized, the parameter difference of two radial two-degree-of-freedom control systems in the structure is large, the two-degree-of-freedom bearingless motor part provides suspension forces which are uniformly distributed in the axial direction, after the rotor is radially deflected, the suspension forces and the magnetic pulling force generated by the uneven air gap can influence the adjustment of the radial and axial positions of the rotor, the adjustment of the balance position of the rotor needs a large number of sensors, the active control parameters are large and high coupling, and the control precision and stability are difficult to ensure; a five-degree-of-freedom bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motor (patent publication No. CN 102377298A) provides a five-degree-of-freedom bearingless magnetic levitation motor which depends on two conical bearingless magnetic levitation motors to meet the five-degree-of-freedom levitation of a rotor in the radial direction and the axial direction. The two double-winding magnetic suspension motors are adopted, so that the cost is too high, the problems of overlarge axial size and low critical rotating speed still exist at the same time, furthermore, the magnetic fields of the two motors are easy to interfere with each other, the rotating shaft is driven by the two motors at the same time, and higher requirements are provided for synchronous control of the two rotating magnetic fields. A bearingless permanent magnet sheet motor (patent application number: CN 109347226A) is composed of a two-degree-of-freedom bearingless permanent magnet sheet motor, and a motor system passively suspended on other three degrees of freedom is realized by means of magnetic resistance, so that the structure of the system is simplified, and the cost of the system is reduced, but the ratio of the axial length of a motor rotor to the diameter of the motor rotor must meet a certain value range, usually the axial length of the rotor is much smaller than the diameter of the rotor, and the power of the motor is generally smaller.
The five-degree-of-freedom stable suspension device aims at the problems that the existing device for realizing the bearingless magnetic suspension motor rotor is stable in suspension, and meanwhile, the device is simple in structure, small in axial size, high in control precision, good in reliability and low in energy consumption, and an effective solution is not proposed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor is a five-degree-of-freedom suspension control structure formed by combining a radial two-degree-of-freedom and axial one-degree-of-freedom integrated passive magnetic suspension bearing structure and a two-degree-of-freedom bearingless magnetic suspension motor, and the main structure comprises: the rotor is respectively fixed with a third magnetic ring and a fourth magnetic ring at two ends of the rotor; a single-winding magnetic levitation motor assembly generating an active rotational moment and a radial levitation force; and a motor housing assembly for fixing the single-winding magnetic suspension motor assembly and the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring, wherein the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring are respectively coaxial and staggered with the third magnetic ring and the fourth magnetic ring, and radial magnetization is adopted.
Specifically, the single-winding magnetic levitation motor assembly includes a stator winding and a stator core. The stator windings are embedded in stator slots of the stator core, and the current in the stator windings contains a levitation current component and a torque current component. The torque current component is used for generating a rotating magnetic field and a rotating moment, the levitation current component provides two-degree-of-freedom radial levitation force for the rotor, namely the five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic levitation motor provides two radial degrees of freedom, the radial levitation force provided by the levitation current is uniformly distributed on the surface of the rotor, the radial position change of the rotor is detected according to the radial position sensor of the rotor, the levitation current component of the stator winding is regulated by the DSP controller, the radial levitation force is changed, and the active control of the radial levitation position of the rotor is realized.
Specifically, the single-winding magnetic suspension motor assembly is fixed on a stator yoke of the magnetic suspension motor housing assembly, the stator yoke is used as a fixed supporting structure of the magnetic isolation ring II and the single-winding magnetic suspension motor assembly, the right sides of the stator iron core and the magnetic isolation ring II are positioned by means of a positioning step of the stator yoke, and the left sides of the stator iron core and the magnetic isolation ring II are limited by means of an eye bolt or a countersunk head bolt III. The magnetic suspension motor shell component sequentially comprises a left cover plate, a magnetism isolating ring I, a stator yoke, a magnetism isolating ring III and a right cover plate from left to right. Screw holes are formed in each part of the magnetic suspension motor shell assembly along the same circumference, and all the parts are connected in a threaded mode through countersunk bolts which are uniformly distributed on the left cover plate and the right cover plate. The left side cover plate and the right side cover plate respectively form a fixed supporting structure of a first magnetic ring and a second magnetic ring with a magnetism isolating ring I and a magnetism isolating ring III, one side of the first magnetic ring and one side of the second magnetic ring are respectively limited by means of interference fit of the left side cover plate and the right side cover plate, and the other side of the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring are respectively limited by means of the magnetism isolating ring I and the magnetism isolating ring III.
Specifically, the main part of the rotor consists of a rotor iron core, a third magnetic ring and a fourth magnetic ring, wherein the middle part of the rotor iron core is wrapped by a sheath, and the third magnetic ring and the fourth magnetic ring are fixed at two ends of the rotor. The rotor core is made of high-performance permanent magnet materials, and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet materials and the rotating magnetic field generated by the torque current component cooperate to drive the rotor to rotate at a high speed. The third magnetic ring and the fourth magnetic ring at the two ends of the rotor are respectively matched with the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring which are fixed on the stator yoke to form two groups of permanent magnet offset bearings, and three degrees of freedom passive control of the radial deflection and the axial position of the rotor is provided. The connection between the magnetic rings at the two ends of the rotor and the rotor core is realized mainly by threaded connection between the studs at the two ends of the rotor and the plugs. Taking the left side as an example, a third magnetic ring is placed at the polish rod part of the stud I, the left side of the magnetic ring is limited by means of a locking nut, the right side of the magnetic ring is positioned by means of an inter-shaft position, and the right end of the stud I is in threaded connection with the plug II. The plug II and the permanent magnet sheath can be made of the same material, and a friction stir welding process is used to ensure the reliability of torque transmission when the rotor rotates at a high speed.
Specifically, the first magnetic ring, the second magnetic ring, the third magnetic ring and the fourth magnetic ring are fixed in a coaxial and staggered fit manner, all the magnetic rings are magnetized in the radial direction, the polarities of the inner surfaces of the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring are guaranteed to be the same as the polarities of the outer surfaces of the third magnetic ring and the fourth magnetic ring, and magnetic repulsive force is guaranteed to be generated. The generated magnetic repulsive force can be decomposed into radial and axial magnetic repulsive forces. The radial permanent magnetic repulsive force can not only provide two degrees of freedom passive control of radial position deflection, but also be used for assisting suspension control of radial position translation of the rotor, increase rigidity and damping of active control of radial position translation, improve precision and stability of radial suspension position control, and play roles in buffering, rigidity adjustment and power-off soft protection. The axial magnetic repulsive force plays a role in passive control and suspension and soft limit of the axial position, and the axial thrust disk commonly used by the magnetic levitation motor is reduced due to the existence of the axial magnetic repulsive force, so that the overall counterweight of the rotor is more reasonable. Alternatively, electromagnetic control magnetic poles can be used to replace the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring.
After the scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention has the advantages that in the starting stage, the normal working condition and the stopping stage of the motor, the requirement on the levitation current component is very high in the starting stage of the single-winding magnetic levitation motor, but due to the existence of the coaxial magnetic ring structure, the rotor can quickly reach the levitation state, the starting time of the motor is shortened, and the power consumption caused by the levitation current component is reduced; when the single-winding magnetic suspension motor works normally and stably, the radial magnetic repulsion force of the magnetic ring structure plays a role in assisting suspension and increasing radial motion rigidity, so that the suspension current power consumption is reduced, the position control precision and stability are improved, when disturbance occurs radially, the damping of the system is increased due to the repulsive force effect among the magnetic rings, the magnetic ring structure can enable the rotor to reach an approximate self-stable state, the power consumption brought by suspension current in the process of adjusting the posture of the rotor is reduced, the control performance is improved, and when radial deflection and axial disturbance exist, the radial and axial magnetic repulsion force components provided by the magnetic ring structure can completely achieve the effects of passive control and stable limit; when the magnetic suspension motor stops working, the rotor is prevented from colliding with the stator in a full-speed state due to the buffer effect of magnetic repulsive force, so that the damage to the stator and rotor materials caused by collision is avoided, the service life of the motor is prolonged, the critical rotating speed of the motor is increased, the whole machine structure is simplified, the cost is reduced, the axial size and the starting time of the motor are shortened, the service life of the motor is prolonged, and the aim of saving energy is fulfilled.
2. The inner surfaces of the first magnetic ring and the second magnetic ring and the outer surfaces of the third magnetic ring and the fourth magnetic ring are coated with wear-resistant materials, so that possible collision between the rotor and the stator core during starting and stopping stages of the magnetic levitation motor is avoided.
3. The third magnetic ring and the fourth magnetic ring form the shaft shoulders on the rotor, so that the rotor and the stator core are prevented from being directly contacted when not working normally, adverse influence on the magnetism of the rotor core material of the rotor caused by collision is avoided, and the service life of the motor is prolonged.
4. The scheme has the advantages that the magnetic repulsion stiffness can realize active control, and the unexpected influence caused by demagnetization of the permanent magnet can be avoided. The magnetic energy loss of the magnetic ring can be avoided when the motor does not work.
5. The magnetic isolation rings I and III have the function of avoiding the interference of magnetic fields generated by the magnetic rings at two sides on the rotating magnetic field and the torque magnetic field of the radial two-degree-of-freedom single-winding magnetic suspension motor. The magnetism isolating ring II is used for preventing magnetic leakage of the rotating magnetic field and the torque magnetic field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a five degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic levitation motor of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a five degree of freedom single winding bearingless magnetic levitation motor rotor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
the rotor comprises 1, 2, a first magnetic ring, 3, a left cover plate, 4, countersunk bolts I, 5, magnetism isolating rings I, 6, eye bolts, 7, a stator winding, 8, magnetism isolating rings II, 9, a stator core, 10, a stator yoke, 11, magnetism isolating rings III, 12, countersunk bolts II, 13, a right cover plate, 14, a second magnetic ring, 15, countersunk bolts III, 16, studs I, 17, locking nuts I, 18, gaskets I, 19, a third magnetic ring, 20, magnetism isolating plates I, 21, a permanent magnet sheath, 22, a rotor core, 23, magnetism isolating plates II, 24, a fourth magnetic ring, 25, gaskets II, 26, locking nuts II, 27, studs II, 28, plugs I, 29 and plugs II.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technology of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention and the corresponding drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts are within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sectional view of the device structure is not partially enlarged to a general scale for the convenience of description, and the schematic is merely an example, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in actual fabrication. It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in other sequences than those illustrated or otherwise described herein.
As shown in fig. 1-4, a five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor comprises the following main parts: rotor 1, left side cover plate 3, right side cover plate 13, stator yoke 10, magnetism isolating ring I5, magnetism isolating ring II 8, magnetism isolating ring III 11, stator winding 7, stator core 9, first magnetic ring 2, second magnetic ring 14. Each phase of current of the stator winding 7 comprises a levitation current component for generating a rotor radial two-degree-of-freedom translational levitation force and a torque current component for generating a torque. The stator core 9 is made of high-performance silicon steel sheets or amorphous materials stacked. The magnetic suspension motor shell consists of a stator yoke 10, a left cover plate 3 and a right cover plate 13, a magnetism isolating ring I5 and a magnetism isolating ring III 11, wherein the left cover plate 3 is in threaded connection with the magnetism isolating ring I5 and the stator yoke 10 through countersunk bolts I4 in the axial direction, and the right cover plate 13 is in threaded connection with the magnetism isolating ring III 11 and the stator yoke 10 through countersunk bolts II 12 in the axial direction. In order to tightly connect the shell of the magnetic suspension motor, an even number of countersunk bolts which are in uniform specification with countersunk bolts I4 are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the left cover plate 3, and the countersunk bolts are positioned on the same circumference and are used for connecting the left cover plate 3, the magnetism isolating ring I5 and the stator yoke 10. The right cover plate 13 has the same structure, an even number of countersunk bolts with the same specification as the countersunk bolts II 12 are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the right cover plate 13, and the countersunk bolts are positioned on the same circumference and are used for connecting the right cover plate 13, the magnetism isolating ring III 11 and the stator yoke 10. The stator yoke 10 is used as a fixed supporting structure of the stator core 9 and the magnetism isolating ring II 8, the right side of the stator core 9 and the magnetism isolating ring 8 are positioned by a positioning step of the stator yoke 10, and the left side is limited by the eye bolt 6. Because the weight of the motor is too large, the lifting bolt 6 is adopted at the upper part of the motor, thereby facilitating the movement and the installation of the motor. And the lower part of the motor is limited by using a countersunk bolt III 15. The left cover plate 3 is in interference fit with the first magnetic ring 2. The left side of the first magnetic ring 2 is positioned by the left side cover plate 3, and the right side is limited by the magnetism isolating ring I5. The right cover 13 and the second magnetic ring 14 are in interference fit, the right side of the second magnetic ring 14 is positioned by the right cover 13, and the left side is limited by the magnetism isolating ring III 11.
Specifically, the main part of the rotor 1 consists of a stud I16, a stud II 27, a lock nut I17, a lock nut II 26, a gasket I18, a gasket II 25, a third magnetic ring 19, a fourth magnetic ring 24, a permanent magnet sheath 21, a plug I28, a plug II 29, a magnetic isolation sheet I20, a magnetic isolation sheet II 23 and a rotor core 22. The rotor core 22 is made of high-performance permanent magnet materials, a magnetism isolating sheet I20 is arranged between the left side and a plug II 29, and a magnetism isolating sheet II 23 is also arranged between the right side and a plug I28. The rotor core 22 is wrapped by a permanent magnet sheath 21, the permanent magnet sheath 21 and the rotor core are in interference fit, and the permanent magnet sheath 21 is made of titanium alloy. The permanent magnet sheath 21, the plug I28 and the plug II 29 are made of the same material, and are integrated by using a friction stir welding process, so that the reliability of torque transmission during high-speed rotation of the rotor 1 is improved. The polish rod parts of the studs I16 and II 27 are respectively used for placing the third magnetic ring 19 and the fourth magnetic ring 24, and simultaneously are in threaded connection with plugs at two sides to transmit torque. The right side of the third magnetic ring 19 is positioned by means of a shaft shoulder, the left side is limited by means of a lock nut I17, and a gasket I18 is arranged between the lock nut I17 and the third magnetic ring 19 and used for preventing the lock nut I17 from damaging the material characteristics of the third magnetic ring 19, and functions of a lock nut II 26 and a gasket II 25 are consistent with those of the lock nut I17 and the gasket I18.
Specifically, the first magnetic ring 2 and the second magnetic ring 14 are respectively in coaxial dislocation fit with the third magnetic ring 19 and the fourth magnetic ring 24, so as to generate radial and axial auxiliary suspension, and play roles of buffering and limiting. The first magnetic ring 2 and the second magnetic ring 14 are coaxially matched with the third magnetic ring 19 and the fourth magnetic ring 24, all the magnetic rings are magnetized in the radial direction, the polarities of the inner surfaces of the first magnetic ring 2 and the second magnetic ring 14 are ensured to be the same as the polarities of the outer surfaces of the third magnetic ring 19 and the fourth magnetic ring 24, and magnetic repulsive force is ensured to be generated. The generated magnetic repulsive force can be decomposed into radial and axial magnetic repulsive forces. The radial magnetic repulsive force is used for providing two degrees of freedom of radial translational motion of the rotor to assist the passive control of levitation force and radial position deflection motion, and meanwhile, the functions of buffering, rigidity adjustment and soft limiting are achieved. The axial magnetic repulsive force plays roles of axial suspension and soft limit, and the axial thrust disk commonly used by the magnetic levitation motor is reduced due to the existence of the axial magnetic repulsive force, so that the overall counterweight of the rotor is more reasonable. The radial levitation force is mainly provided by a levitation current component in the stator winding 7, the radial levitation force provided by the levitation current is uniformly distributed on the surface of the rotor, the radial levitation position of the rotor is detected according to the eddy current position sensor, the levitation current component in the stator winding is regulated by the DSP controller, the radial levitation force is changed, and the active control of the translation of the radial levitation position of the rotor is realized.
Specifically, in the starting and stopping stages of the magnetic levitation motor, the rotor 1 and the stator core 9 may collide continuously, and the inner surfaces of the first magnetic ring 2 and the second magnetic ring 14 and the outer surfaces of the third magnetic ring 19 and the fourth magnetic ring 24 are coated with wear-resistant materials, so that the failure of the system is prevented, and the functions of mechanical limit and protection of the rotor are achieved.
Specifically, the third magnetic ring and the fourth magnetic ring form the shaft shoulders on the rotor 1, so that the rotor 1 is prevented from being in direct contact with the stator core 9 during abnormal operation, adverse effects on the magnetism of the rotor core 22 material of the rotor 1 due to collision are avoided, and the service life of the motor is further prolonged.
Specifically, electromagnetic control magnetic poles can be selected to replace the first magnetic ring 2 and the second magnetic ring 14, and the scheme has the advantages that the magnetic repulsion stiffness can be actively controlled, and the unexpected influence caused by demagnetization of the permanent magnet can be avoided. The magnetic energy loss of the magnetic ring can be avoided when the motor does not work.
Specifically, the magnetism isolating rings I5 and III 11 avoid the interference of magnetic fields generated by the magnetic rings at two sides on the rotating magnetic field and the torque magnetic field of the radial two-degree-of-freedom single-winding magnetic suspension motor. The magnetism isolating ring II 8 is used for preventing magnetic leakage of the rotating magnetic field and the torque magnetic field.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A five-degree-of-freedom single-winding bearingless magnetic suspension motor is characterized in that: the motor comprises a stator, a rotor (1), two pairs of matched magnetic rings and a motor housing assembly, wherein the two pairs of matched magnetic rings are respectively a first magnetic ring (2), a second magnetic ring (14) and a third magnetic ring (19) and a fourth magnetic ring (24), the motor housing assembly is used for fixing the stator, the first magnetic ring (2) and the second magnetic ring (14) are respectively fixed at two ends of the motor housing assembly, the third magnetic ring (19) and the fourth magnetic ring (24) are respectively fixed at two ends of the rotor (1), the first magnetic ring (2) and the second magnetic ring (14) are respectively coaxial with the third magnetic ring (19) and the fourth magnetic ring (24) and are in staggered fit, and all adopt radial magnetizing, magnetic repulsion force between the magnetic rings is used for providing passive control of two degrees of freedom and one degree of freedom of axial movement for the rotor, the stator comprises a stator winding (7) and a stator iron core (9), each phase of current of the stator winding (7) comprises a suspension current component and a torque current component, the suspension current component is used for generating radial buoyancy of the two degrees of freedom, active control of the two degrees of freedom of the radial position of the rotor is realized, the current component is used for generating interference or non-interference, the stator iron core (3) is made of a left side cover plate (3) and a right cover plate (3) are matched with the stator (3) and a left cover plate (3) and a right cover plate (3) respectively, the right cover plate (13) and the second magnetic ring (14) are in interference fit, the rotor (1) is a permanent magnet rotor and comprises a rotor iron core (22), two ends of the rotor iron core (22) are respectively connected with a third magnetic ring (19) and a fourth magnetic ring (24) through studs and nuts, the motor shell component further comprises a magnet isolation ring I (5), a magnet isolation ring II (8) and a magnet isolation ring III (11), the stator yoke (10) is used as a fixed supporting structure of the stator iron core (9) and the magnet isolation ring II (8), the stator iron core (9) and the right side of the magnet isolation ring II (8) are positioned by a positioning step of the stator yoke (10), the left side of the magnet isolation ring II (8) is limited by a lifting ring bolt (6), the axial direction of the left cover plate (3) is in threaded connection with the magnet isolation ring I (5) and the stator yoke (10), the axial direction of the right cover plate (13) is in threaded connection with the magnet isolation ring II (11) and the stator yoke (10), the upper side of the motor shell is connected with the magnet isolation ring II (8) through the magnet isolation ring II (10), the upper side of the motor shell is provided with the lifting ring II (8) and the lower side of the magnet isolation ring (8) is also provided with a plug (29), the left side of first magnetic ring (2) relies on left side cover (3) to fix a position, the right side of first magnetic ring (2) relies on separating magnetic ring I (5) to carry out spacingly, the right side of second magnetic ring (14) relies on right side cover (13) to fix a position, the left side of second magnetic ring (14) relies on separating magnetic ring III (11) to carry out spacingly, rotor core (22) left side and end cap II (29) between place separating magnetic sheet I (20), rotor core (22) right side and end cap I (28) between place separating magnetic sheet II (23).
2. A five degree of freedom single winding bearingless magnetic levitation motor of claim 1 wherein: rotor (1) still includes double-screw bolt I (16), double-screw bolt II (27) and lock nut I (17), lock nut II (26), rotor core (22) both ends respectively with third magnetic ring (19) and fourth magnetic ring (24) are connected through double-screw bolt I (16), double-screw bolt II (27) and lock nut I (17), lock nut II (26), plug I (28), plug II (29) are still installed to rotor core (22) both sides, the polished rod part of double-screw bolt I (16) and double-screw bolt II (27) is used for placing third magnetic ring (19) and fourth magnetic ring (24) respectively, adopts threaded connection with both sides plug I (28), plug II (29) to transmit torque simultaneously, the right side of third magnetic ring (19) relies on the shaft shoulder location, and the left side relies on lock nut I (17) to carry out spacingly, the left side of fourth magnetic ring (24) relies on the shaft shoulder location, and the right side relies on lock nut II (26) to carry out spacingly.
3. A five degree of freedom single winding bearingless magnetic levitation motor of claim 2 wherein: a gasket I (18) is arranged between the lock nut I (17) and the third magnetic ring (19) and used for preventing the lock nut I (17) from damaging the material characteristics of the third magnetic ring (19), and a gasket II (25) is arranged between the lock nut II (26) and the fourth magnetic ring (24) and used for preventing the lock nut II (26) from damaging the material characteristics of the fourth magnetic ring (24).
4. A five degree of freedom single winding bearingless magnetic levitation motor of claim 1 wherein: the rotor core (22) is wrapped by a permanent magnet sheath (21), the rotor core (22) and the permanent magnet sheath (21) are in interference fit, and the permanent magnet sheath (21) is made of titanium alloy.
5. A five degree of freedom single winding bearingless magnetic levitation motor of claim 1 wherein: wear-resistant materials are coated on the inner surfaces of the first magnetic ring (2) and the second magnetic ring (14) and the outer surfaces of the third magnetic ring (19) and the fourth magnetic ring (24).
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| CN113765249A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-12-07 | 鑫磊压缩机股份有限公司 | Rotor structure of magnetic suspension axial flow fan |
| CN114992241B (en) * | 2022-07-31 | 2022-12-20 | 常州明磁卓控智能科技有限公司 | Magnetic suspension motor instability pre-diagnosis method based on dynamic stiffness real-time detection |
| CN116317423B (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-10-20 | 淮阴工学院 | Bearingless asynchronous motor transmission system and control method thereof |
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