CN101207309A - High speed magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor without bearing - Google Patents
High speed magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor without bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN101207309A CN101207309A CNA2007101587713A CN200710158771A CN101207309A CN 101207309 A CN101207309 A CN 101207309A CN A2007101587713 A CNA2007101587713 A CN A2007101587713A CN 200710158771 A CN200710158771 A CN 200710158771A CN 101207309 A CN101207309 A CN 101207309A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-speed magnetic-suspension bearing-free permanent-magnetic machine, which comprises a shell, a stator core, a stator winding, a permanent-magnetic rotor, a rotating shaft, a left terminal cover, a right terminal cover, a left standby bearing and a right standby bearing. The stator core is divided into a right section and a left section and is provided with a groove that is used for holding the stator winding on the radial inner side and the radial outer side. The stator winding consists of a set of double-pole torque windings that are used for producing the electromagnetic torque and two sets of four-pole magnetic-suspension windings that are used for producing the rotor suspension force. The permanent-magnetic rotor consists of a permanent-magnet of a radial magnet-charging integral structure, a high-strength magnetic-conductive sheath and a fastening piece. The standby bearings are used for supporting the rotor when the high-speed motor is not powered on. The invention integrates the magnetic-suspension bearing and the permanent-magnetic machine, so that the stator and the rotor of the machine not only can produce the electromagnetic torque that drives the rotation of the motor, but also can produce the magnetic-suspension force that supports the weight of the rotor, thereby simplifying the structure of the machine, shortening the axial length of the machine, increasing the stiffness and the critical rotating speed of the rotor of the high-speed machine, and improving the stability of the operation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of motor, particularly a kind of high speed magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor without bearing.This motor has adopted the rotor with integrally-built permanent magnet and magnetic conductivity sheath, and stator has 2 utmost point torque windings and 4 utmost point suspending power windings, and the suspending power that rotor relies on motor itself to produce supports, and does not need bearing, is especially suitable for use as high-speed electric expreess locomotive and uses.
Background technology
High-speed electric expreess locomotive is owing to the rotating speed height, and power density is big, and its physical dimension is much smaller than the middle slowspeed machine of output equal-wattage, economical with materials effectively; Directly link to each other with prime mover or load, saved mechanical variable speed device, thereby can reduce noise and improve transmission system efficiency.The application of high-speed electric expreess locomotive more and more is extensive, as machining tools such as high speed grinding machines, the high speed flywheel energy-storage system, natural gas transport and sewage disposal high speed centrifugal compressor and air blast, and miniature gas turbine drives high-speed engine distributed power supply system etc.
Because magneto has that power is can density big, efficient is high and advantage such as brushless, become the first-selected structure of high-speed electric expreess locomotive.Yet; the high-speed electric expreess locomotive rotating speed changes up to the tens thousand of commentaries on classics of per minute even tens0000; peripheral speed can reach more than the 200m/s, and permanent magnet is difficult to bear the huge tension stress that high speed rotating centrifugal force produces, and generally needs to adopt the sheath protection permanent magnet of non-magnetic conduction high-strength alloy made.Simultaneously, traditional mechanical bearing is used for high-speed electric expreess locomotive and will be worn very soon, needs to adopt on-mechanical contact bearing.Magnetic suspension bearing is suitable for high-speed electric expreess locomotive, but its similar is in a motor, magnetic suspension bearing is installed at the high-speed electric expreess locomotive two ends, complex structure not only, and the axial length of motor is greatly increased, thereby reduced the rigidity and the critical whirling speed of rotor, be unfavorable for the stable operation of high-speed electric expreess locomotive.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to the special construction of high-speed permanent magnet motor, proposed a kind of high speed permanent-magnetic electric machine with bearing design that magnetic suspension bearing and magneto are integrated in one.
The high speed magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor without bearing that the present invention proposes is a kind of synchronous machine, by casing, stator core, stator winding, p-m rotor, rotating shaft, about 2 end caps and 2 replacement bearings form.About stator core is divided into two sections, all be overrided to form by the low-loss electrical sheet, unshakable in one's determination radially in the outside have the groove of placing stator winding.Stator winding has three covers, and a cover is 2 utmost point torque windings in order to the generation electromagnetic torque, and other two covers are in order to produce 4 utmost point suspending power windings of rotor suspending power.P-m rotor is made up of the integrally-built permanent magnet of radial magnetizing, high strength permeability alloys steel sheath and securing member, replacement bearing is the Mechanical Contact formula bearing with inner and outer ring and ball, support rotor when not switching on operation in order to high-speed electric expreess locomotive prevents that rotor outer surface from directly contacting with stator inner surface.
Annexation between each parts of high speed magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor without bearing of the present invention is: place the stator core that is overrided to form by low damage electrical sheet respectively at the left and right sides of casing two-end part, the two iron leg hearts have the position of same structure and groove and aim at vertically.2 utmost point torque winding inner coil limits of loop configuration are passed from left end stator core inner side slot, penetrate right-hand member inner side slot unshakable in one's determination then, and after be arranged in the upper coil limit of stator core outer side slot and return.The lower floor limit of two 4 utmost point suspending power windings of loop configuration, about being placed on respectively in two sections stator core inner side slots, and the limit, upper strata be placed on respectively about in two sections stator core outer side slots.Two ends at the casing internal stator iron core are placed left end cap and right end cap respectively; in order to two replacement bearings about fixing; between the interior ring of two replacement bearings and the rotor left and right sides securing member certain clearance is arranged; when rotor is in suspended state; ring does not rotate with rotor in the replacement bearing; have only when motor when rotors is not in suspended state; ring just contacts and bear rotor weight with rotor left and right sides securing member in the replacement bearing; lay the annular permanent-magnet body of overall structure radial magnetizing at the middle part of machine shaft; the high strength permeability alloys steel bushing in order to the protection permanent magnet is laid in the permanent magnet outside; adopt interference fit between permanent magnet and the retaining ring; make retaining ring produce needed precompression to permanent magnet, the two ends of permanent magnet adopt the non-permeability alloys steel fastening of high strength with permanent magnet respectively; retaining ring and rotating shaft connect as one.One end of rotating shaft is used to connect prime mover or mechanical load.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, high-speed electric expreess locomotive generally adopts oil bearing, air bearing and magnetic suspension bearing.Oil bearing and air bearing are by oil-filled or air between the rotor of bearing, and in order to support motor rotor-support-foundation system weight, not only bearing loss is bigger, and bearing capacity is difficult to control, and really realize noncontact and bearing capacity controlled be magnetic suspension bearing.Yet the similar of magnetic suspension bearing is installed magnetic suspension bearing in a motor at the high-speed electric expreess locomotive two ends, complex structure not only, and the axial length of motor is greatly increased, thus reduced the rigidity and the critical whirling speed of rotor, be unfavorable for the stable operation of high-speed electric expreess locomotive.The present invention is integrated in one magnetic suspension bearing and magneto, make the rotor of motor can produce the electromagnetic torque of drive motors rotation, can produce the magnetic suspension force of support rotor weight again, not only simplified the structure of high-speed electric expreess locomotive, and the motor axial dimension is shortened owing to saved magnetic bearing, thereby increased the rigidity and the critical whirling speed of high speed rotor of motor system, improved its operation stability.
2, high-speed permanent magnet motor adopts the non-magnetic conduction sleeve protection of high strength permanent magnet usually; yet; because the permeability of sheath and permanent magnet is very little, the magnetic field that stator suspending power winding current is produced is difficult to enter rotor, so the less weight that is difficult to the support motor rotor-support-foundation system of suspending power that produces.The present invention has adopted the high-strength alloy steel sheath with magnetic conductivity, and the magnetic field that produces for stator suspending power winding current provides path, can produce enough strong suspending power support rotor, has solved permanent-magnet rotor motor and has been difficult to realize the maglev key problem in technology of rotor.
3, bearing-free motor is generally chosen the stator torque winding of (2p+2) utmost point and the suspending power winding of the 2p utmost point, and modal is 4 utmost point torque windings and 2 utmost point suspending power windings.Characteristics according to high-speed permanent magnet motor, the present invention adopts 2 utmost point torque windings and 4 utmost point suspending power windings, reduce the stator winding power frequency on the one hand and reduced the loss of electric machine, on the other hand, make and adopt integrally-built p-m rotor to become possibility, simplified p-m rotor manufacturing process and the operational reliability that has improved motor.
4, consider that high speed rotor of motor is thin and grow, must carry out radial suspension force control respectively, for this reason, about stator core is divided into two sections, adopt two suspending power windings respectively suspending power to be carried out at two ends, the rotor left and right sides and control at the axial two ends of motor.And motor torque has adopted the unified control of single torque winding.Processing and manufacturing is convenient in the not segmentation of rotor of motor.The middle clearance spaces of two sections stator cores, the end that is used to place two suspending power windings is used for cooling air channel on the other hand on the one hand, solves the relatively poor overheated problem easily of the long middle part of high-speed permanent magnetic rotor axial cooling condition.
5, the present invention has adopted at motor left and right sides end cap and has installed replacement bearing, between ring and the rotor securing member certain clearance is arranged in it, when rotor is in suspended state, ring does not rotate with rotor in the replacement bearing, have only when motor when rotors is not in suspended state, ring just contacts and bear rotor weight with rotor left and right sides securing member in the replacement bearing, allows rotor to slowly run, and is convenient to the Installation and Debugging of high-speed electric expreess locomotive.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 does not have the bearing shaft of high-speed permanent magnet motor to generalized section for the present invention;
Fig. 2 does not have bearing high-speed permanent magnet motor radial section schematic diagram for the present invention;
Fig. 3 is stator 2 utmost point torque windings of the present invention and 4 utmost point suspending power winding space distributed architecture schematic diagrames;
Fig. 4 is for producing x direction suspending power principle schematic by the suspending power winding current;
Fig. 5 is for producing y direction suspending power principle schematic by the suspending power winding current.
Among the figure: 1-casing, 2-left side stator core, the stator core of 3-right side, 4-torque winding, limit, 4a-torque winding upper strata, 4b-torque winding lower floor limit, 5-left side suspending power winding, 5a, limit, 6a-suspending power winding upper strata, 5b, 6b-suspending power winding lower floor limit, 6-right side suspending power winding, the 7-left end cap, the 8-right end cap, 9-left side replacement bearing, 10-right side replacement bearing, the 11-permanent magnet, 12-magnetic conduction sheath, 13-permanent magnet left end securing member, 14-permanent magnet right-hand member securing member, the 15-rotating shaft, on behalf of air-gap field, 16-reduce, and 17-represents the permanent magnet magnetic field direction, and on behalf of air-gap field, 18-increase.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing motor of the present invention is described further.
Fig. 1 does not have the bearing shaft of high-speed permanent magnet motor to generalized section for the present invention, and Fig. 2 does not have bearing high-speed permanent magnet motor radial section schematic diagram for the present invention.Wherein 1 is motor case, in order to the stator core and the left and right sides end cap of fixed electrical machinery; 2 is the left side stator core; 3 is the right side stator core; 4 is 2 polar ring shape winding construction torque windings in order to the generation electromagnetic torque, and its lower floor limit and limit, upper strata are placed on respectively in the groove in the outside in the stator core radially; 5 is 4 polar ring shape structures left sides suspending power winding, in order to producing rotor left side suspending power, its lower floor and upper coil limit be placed on respectively left side stator core 2 radially in the groove in the outside; 6 is 4 polar ring shape structure right side suspending power windings, in order to producing rotor by lateral suspension power, its lower floor and upper coil limit be placed on respectively right side stator core 3 radially in the groove in the outside; 7 is left end cap, in order to fixing left side replacement bearing; 8 is right end cap, in order to fixing right side replacement bearing; 9 is the left side replacement bearing; 10 is the right side replacement bearing; 11 for being integrally-built permanent magnet; 12 is magnetic conduction high-strength alloy steel sheath, in order to the protection permanent magnet; 13 and 14 is in order to be connected the securing member of permanent magnet, sheath and rotating shaft, to be made by non-magnetic conduction high strength alloy steel; 15 is the rotating shaft of high-speed electric expreess locomotive.
When high-speed permanent magnet motor is made generator operation, the rotating shaft right-hand member is connected with driving device by shaft joint, be driven the rotating magnetic field that p-m rotor that machinery drags high speed rotating produces, in stator winding, produce electromotive force, by the torque winding to external circuit output AC electric energy.When magneto moves as motor, drive the p-m rotor high speed rotating by variable frequency alternating current power source to stator torque winding power supply, by with the connector belt dynamic load mechanical rotation of rotating shaft right-hand member.
The suspending power winding has different numbers of poles with the torque winding, their spatial distribution structural representations in stator core as shown in Figure 3, the suspending power winding is in order to produce the magnetic suspension force of support motor rotor.As shown in Figure 4, by pass to electric current as shown in the figure to 4 grades of suspending power windings, the magnetic field that magnetic field that the suspending power winding current produces and rotor permanent magnet produce is superimposed, the left side air-gap field weakens and the enhancing of right side air-gap field between electric machine rotor, square being directly proportional of electromagnetic attraction and air gap flux density between the rotor will be so rotor will be subjected among the figure electromagnetic force F of horizontal direction (x direction of principal axis) from left to right
xIn like manner can produce the electromagnetic force F of vertical direction (y direction of principal axis)
y, as shown in Figure 5.As long as detect in real time the position of high speed rotor of motor, just can adjust the direction of rotor displacement as required, the electric current by control suspending power winding produces desired suspending power, makes rotor be in suspended state all the time and air gap between the rotor is even.Between ring and the rotor securing member certain clearance is arranged in the replacement bearing of motor, when rotor is in suspended state, ring is not with rotor rotation in the replacement bearing, have only when motor when rotors is not in suspended state, ring just contacts and bear rotor weight with the rotor securing member in the replacement bearing, contacts with the direct of stator core inner surface to prevent the rotor surface.
Claims (6)
1. high speed magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor without bearing, comprise casing, stator core, stator winding, p-m rotor, rotating shaft, about two end caps and two replacement bearings, it is characterized in that stator core be divided into about two sections, the radially interior outside unshakable in one's determination has the groove of placing stator winding, p-m rotor is by permanent magnet, high strength permeability alloys steel sheath and securing member are formed, two-end part is placed stator core respectively in the left and right sides of casing, the two iron leg hearts have the position of same structure and groove and aim at vertically, 2 polar moment winding inner coil limits of loop configuration are passed from left end stator core inner side slot, penetrate right-hand member inner side slot unshakable in one's determination then, return through the upper coil limit that is arranged in the stator core outer side slot, the lower floor limit of 4 utmost point suspending power windings of loop configuration, about being placed on respectively in two sections stator core inner side slots, and the limit, upper strata be placed on respectively about in two sections stator core outer side slots, two ends at the casing internal stator iron core are placed left end cap and right end cap respectively, on a left side, a fixing respectively left side on the right end cap, right two replacement bearings, permanent magnet is laid at middle part at machine shaft, and the permanent magnet two ends adopt securing member with permanent magnet, retaining ring and rotating shaft connect as one.
2. high speed magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor without bearing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described stator winding is three covers, and a cover 2 utmost point torque windings are in order to produce electromagnetic torque, and two covers, 4 utmost point suspending power windings are in order to produce the rotor suspending power.
3. high speed magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor without bearing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described stator core is divided into left and right two sections, all is overrided to form by the low-loss electrical sheet.
4. high speed magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor without bearing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described replacement bearing is the bearing with inner and outer ring and roll structure, support rotor when not switching on operation in order to high-speed electric expreess locomotive prevents that rotor outer surface from directly contacting with stator inner surface.
5. high speed magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor without bearing as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that between the interior ring of described two replacement bearings and the rotor left and right sides securing member gapped.
6. high speed magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor without bearing as claimed in claim 1; the permanent magnet that it is characterized in that described p-m rotor is the annular permanent-magnet body of overall structure radial magnetizing; retaining ring is the high strength permeability alloys steel bushing of laying in the permanent magnet outside in order to the protection permanent magnet, adopts interference fit between permanent magnet and the retaining ring.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101587713A CN101207309A (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2007-12-07 | High speed magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor without bearing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101587713A CN101207309A (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2007-12-07 | High speed magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor without bearing |
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| CN101207309A true CN101207309A (en) | 2008-06-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNA2007101587713A Pending CN101207309A (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2007-12-07 | High speed magnetic suspension permanent magnet motor without bearing |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101783560A (en) * | 2010-02-22 | 2010-07-21 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Permanent magnetic synchronous motor |
| CN102290896A (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2011-12-21 | 无锡杰尔压缩机有限公司 | Fixed structure of high-speed motor magnetic tile |
| CN102306995A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-01-04 | 北京航空航天大学 | Permanent magnet biased bearingless switched reluctance motor |
| CN103409932A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2013-11-27 | 宁波慈星股份有限公司 | Bearing-free main motor of flat knitting machine |
| CN104682635A (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2015-06-03 | 北京科技大学 | Manufacturing method for magnesium metal rotor magnetic suspension alternating-current motor |
| CN105356634A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-02-24 | 南京磁谷科技有限公司 | Composite sealing sheath for isolating rotor in magnetic suspension motor |
| CN106100182A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-11-09 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Rotating shaft, the assembly method of rotating shaft, motor |
| CN108649764A (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2018-10-12 | 淮阴工学院 | A kind of Three Degree Of Freedom permanent-magnetic electric machine with bearing of constant-current source excitation |
| CN108809031A (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2018-11-13 | 淮阴工学院 | A kind of Three Degree Of Freedom bearing-free switch reluctance motor of constant-current source excitation |
| CN109194018A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-01-11 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of bumps pole magnetic suspension wheel hub electric motor and controller method |
| CN112198344A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-01-08 | 华中科技大学 | Full-freedom-degree bearing-free motor test platform |
| CN112436634A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-03-02 | 山东大学 | External rotor magnetic monopole motor and motor equipment |
| CN113054816A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-29 | 天津大学 | Bearingless ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motor for vehicle fuel cell air compressor |
| CN113315278A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-27 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Rotor magnetic suspension bearing-free device and method under complex working conditions |
| CN113544386A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2021-10-22 | 株式会社岛津制作所 | Vacuum pump |
| CN113765321A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-12-07 | 江苏大学 | Double-suspension-force bearing-free asynchronous motor |
-
2007
- 2007-12-07 CN CNA2007101587713A patent/CN101207309A/en active Pending
Cited By (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101783560A (en) * | 2010-02-22 | 2010-07-21 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Permanent magnetic synchronous motor |
| CN102290896A (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2011-12-21 | 无锡杰尔压缩机有限公司 | Fixed structure of high-speed motor magnetic tile |
| CN102306995A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-01-04 | 北京航空航天大学 | Permanent magnet biased bearingless switched reluctance motor |
| CN103409932A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2013-11-27 | 宁波慈星股份有限公司 | Bearing-free main motor of flat knitting machine |
| CN104682635A (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2015-06-03 | 北京科技大学 | Manufacturing method for magnesium metal rotor magnetic suspension alternating-current motor |
| CN105356634A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-02-24 | 南京磁谷科技有限公司 | Composite sealing sheath for isolating rotor in magnetic suspension motor |
| CN105356634B (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2018-03-16 | 南京磁谷科技有限公司 | Isolate the compound seal sheath of rotor in magnetic suspension motor |
| CN106100182A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-11-09 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Rotating shaft, the assembly method of rotating shaft, motor |
| CN108809031B (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2020-08-21 | 淮阴工学院 | Three-degree-of-freedom bearingless switched reluctance motor with constant current source excitation |
| CN108649764A (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2018-10-12 | 淮阴工学院 | A kind of Three Degree Of Freedom permanent-magnetic electric machine with bearing of constant-current source excitation |
| CN108809031A (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2018-11-13 | 淮阴工学院 | A kind of Three Degree Of Freedom bearing-free switch reluctance motor of constant-current source excitation |
| CN109194018A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-01-11 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of bumps pole magnetic suspension wheel hub electric motor and controller method |
| CN113544386A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2021-10-22 | 株式会社岛津制作所 | Vacuum pump |
| CN113544386B (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2024-03-26 | 株式会社岛津制作所 | Vacuum pump |
| CN112198344A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-01-08 | 华中科技大学 | Full-freedom-degree bearing-free motor test platform |
| CN112198344B (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-11-19 | 华中科技大学 | Full-freedom-degree bearing-free motor test platform |
| CN112436634A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-03-02 | 山东大学 | External rotor magnetic monopole motor and motor equipment |
| CN113054816A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-29 | 天津大学 | Bearingless ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motor for vehicle fuel cell air compressor |
| CN113315278A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-27 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Rotor magnetic suspension bearing-free device and method under complex working conditions |
| CN113315278B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2023-02-28 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Rotor magnetic suspension bearing-free device and method under complex working conditions |
| CN113765321A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-12-07 | 江苏大学 | Double-suspension-force bearing-free asynchronous motor |
| CN113765321B (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2022-09-16 | 江苏大学 | Double-suspension-force bearing-free asynchronous motor |
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Open date: 20080625 |