CN115962243B - Axial magnetic flux permanent magnet hysteresis damper with adjustable air gap - Google Patents
Axial magnetic flux permanent magnet hysteresis damper with adjustable air gap Download PDFInfo
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- CN115962243B CN115962243B CN202211595145.1A CN202211595145A CN115962243B CN 115962243 B CN115962243 B CN 115962243B CN 202211595145 A CN202211595145 A CN 202211595145A CN 115962243 B CN115962243 B CN 115962243B
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- stator
- air gap
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- hysteresis damper
- permanent magnet
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- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- WBWJXRJARNTNBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Cr].[Co] Chemical compound [Fe].[Cr].[Co] WBWJXRJARNTNBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KPLQYGBQNPPQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt samarium Chemical compound [Co].[Sm] KPLQYGBQNPPQGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000938 samarium–cobalt magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABEXMJLMICYACI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [V].[Co].[Fe] Chemical compound [V].[Co].[Fe] ABEXMJLMICYACI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 aluminum nickel cobalt Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses an axial magnetic flux permanent magnetic hysteresis damper with an adjustable air gap, and belongs to the field of permanent magnetic hysteresis dampers. Comprising the following steps: a stator permanent magnet forming an alternating constant magnetic field in a space; the back iron is used for gathering the outwards-divergent magnetic field and enhancing the magnetic field intensity of the central area; a hysteresis rotor rotating in the alternating magnetic field to generate a hysteresis damping moment; the rotating shaft transmits the hysteresis damping moment; and the side shells are matched based on stepless adjustment to improve the torque adjusting range of the permanent magnetic hysteresis damper. According to the invention, by using a mechanical structure matched with stepless adjustment, the size of an air gap between a stator and a rotor is changed while the angle of a magnetic field between an upper stator and a lower stator is changed, the minimum output torque of the permanent magnetic hysteresis damper is reduced, the adjustment range of the output torque of the permanent magnetic hysteresis damper is greatly improved, the problem that the torque adjustment range is reduced due to the improvement of the power density of the permanent magnetic hysteresis damper is solved, and the permanent magnetic hysteresis damper has a larger output torque adjustment range under the condition of the same power density.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of permanent magnetic hysteresis dampers, and in particular relates to an axial magnetic flux permanent magnetic hysteresis damper with an adjustable air gap.
Background
The Permanent Magnetic Hysteresis Damper (PMHD) is a key component for generating adjustable tension when a winding machine winds a wire, so that the wire has proper tension when the wire is wound, the wound coil is proper in tightness and full in fastening, and the consistency of technical indexes of the coil is ensured. The winding device has the advantages of no need of an external power supply, high power density, adjustable output torque, independence from rotating speed and the like, and is suitable for harsh and severe winding environments. At present, permanent magnet hysteresis dampers are widely used in textile and winding production.
The permanent magnet hysteresis damper is a key part in the winding process of coils, and the principle is that permanent magnet rings are magnetized into N/S poles alternately arranged along the axial direction, one side of each permanent magnet ring is fixed on a back iron, and the permanent magnet rings and the back iron form a stator. The two stators are arranged in a mirror image mode, and a strong alternating magnetic field is formed between the stators. The rotor is made of permanent magnetic material with smaller coercive force and is arranged between the two stators. The output torque of the permanent magnetic hysteresis damper can be adjusted in a certain range by changing the magnetic field angle between the upper stator magnetic pole and the lower stator magnetic pole. However, when the permanent magnet with lower remanence is used for manufacturing the stator, a thicker permanent magnet and a smaller air gap are needed, and the phenomenon of stator and rotor adsorption often occurs in the operation process of the permanent magnet hysteresis damper due to the smaller air gap, so that the service life is short, and the working stability is poor. The permanent magnet with high remanence is used for manufacturing the stator, the permanent magnet is thin in thickness and large in air gap, the moment stability of the permanent magnet hysteresis damper is high, and the fluctuation of output moment is small. But the minimum output torque which can be regulated by the device can be obviously improved, and the regulating range of the output torque is greatly reduced. However, in many severe winding environments, the permanent magnetic hysteresis damper needs to have the characteristics of large output torque adjusting range and high working stability at the same time, and is difficult to realize in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an axial magnetic flux permanent magnetic hysteresis damper with an adjustable air gap, and aims to solve the problem that the adjusting range of the output torque of the existing permanent magnetic hysteresis damper is greatly reduced.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an axial magnetic flux permanent magnetic hysteresis damper with an adjustable air gap, the permanent magnetic hysteresis damper comprising: two stators, a hysteresis rotor, a rotating shaft and a side shell;
the two stators are placed in an upper mirror image and a lower mirror image, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet in the stator is axial;
the hysteresis rotor is arranged between the two stators;
the side shell consists of two parts which are respectively fixed on the two stators, and the two parts are matched by using a stepless regulation mechanical structure;
the relative position of the rotating shaft and the stator at one side is kept unchanged, and the relative position of the rotating shaft and the stator at the other side is changed along with the rotation of the shell at the other side.
Preferably, the stepless adjustment mechanical structure adopts a threaded fit or a sliding groove fit.
Preferably, the two parts of the side shell are matched in stepless adjustment, so that relative rotation is formed, and the total length of the side shell is changed while the side shell rotates.
Preferably, the total length of the side housing is linear or nonlinear with the change of the magnetic field angle between the upper and lower stators.
Preferably, the air gap between the rotor and the one-sided stator is kept constant.
Preferably, a compression ring, a limiting hole or bonding is adopted to keep the air gap between the rotor and the stator at one side constant.
Preferably, when the space magnetic field is along the axial direction, the total length of the side shell is longest, the air gap between the stator and the rotor is largest, and the output moment of the permanent magnetic hysteresis damper is smallest; when the space magnetic field is in the circumferential direction, the total length of the side shell is shortest, the air gap between the stator and the rotor is smallest, and the output torque of the permanent magnet hysteresis damper is largest.
In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
(1) Compared with a permanent magnet hysteresis damper with high energy density, the invention greatly reduces the minimum output moment under the condition of ensuring the constant maximum output moment. The invention has a larger torque adjustment range with almost the same volume and performance.
(2) Compared with a permanent magnet hysteresis damper excited by a low remanence permanent magnet, the invention has larger material selection range, larger air gap design margin and better working stability under the condition of ensuring the same output torque adjustment range.
(3) The invention can simultaneously adjust the air gap size and the magnetic field angle of the permanent magnetic hysteresis damper and has larger magnetic field optimization space. The apparatus after the optimization design has the advantages of larger power density, good working stability and larger output torque adjusting range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an axial flux permanent magnet hysteresis damper with adjustable air gap according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a magnetic flux pattern of two different magnetic field angles of the axial flux permanent magnet hysteresis damper with adjustable air gap after the circumferential section of the axial flux permanent magnet hysteresis damper is unfolded, wherein (a) the corresponding magnetic field angle is 180 degrees, and (b) the corresponding magnetic field angle is 0 degrees.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the variation of the output torque of the axial flux permanent magnet hysteresis damper with adjustable air gap and the lower permanent magnet hysteresis damper of the prior art according to the angle of the upper and lower magnetic fields.
The same reference numbers are used throughout the drawings to reference like elements or structures, wherein:
1-a rotating shaft; 2-back iron; 3-stator permanent magnets; 4-hysteresis rotor; 5-1, 5-2-side housing.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides an axial magnetic flux permanent magnetic hysteresis damper with an adjustable air gap, which is characterized in that a mechanical structure matched with stepless adjustment is used, so that the permanent magnetic hysteresis damper can adjust the size of the air gap between a stator and a rotor while adjusting the angle of a magnetic field between an upper stator and a lower stator. When the rotor magnetic field is in the circumferential direction, the magnetic flux density in the rotor is maximum. At this time, the air gap between the stator and the rotor is minimum, and the rotor can generate larger output torque. And the magnetic flux density in the rotor is minimized when the rotor magnetic field is in the axial direction. At this time, the air gap between the stator and the rotor is maximum, so that the magnetic flux density in the rotor is further reduced. The output torque of the rotor is further reduced, so that the output torque adjusting range of the permanent magnet hysteresis damper is greatly improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides an axial magnetic flux permanent magnet hysteresis damper with adjustable air gap, which comprises a stator permanent magnet 3, a back iron 2, a hysteresis rotor 4, a rotating shaft 1 and side shells 5-1 and 5-2. Permanent magnets with N/S alternately distributed are fixed on the back irons of the upper stator and the lower stator, one side of the permanent magnets uses the back irons to perform magnetism gathering, and the other side of the permanent magnets has a stronger alternating magnetic field in space. The side shell is composed of two parts, which are respectively fixed on the two stators, and the two parts are matched by using a stepless adjusting mechanical structure. The magnetic field angle between the two stators is changed, the length of the side shell is also changed, one side of the air gap between the stators and the rotors is fixed, and the other side of the air gap is also changed along with the change of the magnetic field angle between the stators. The mode realizes the simultaneous adjustment of the magnetic field angle between the stators and the air gap between the stators and the rotors, thereby improving the output torque adjusting range of the permanent magnet hysteresis damper.
The reserved physical gap interval can be determined according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the invention does not limit uniqueness.
In an alternative embodiment, the stator permanent magnet may be a plurality of permanent magnets, or may be a permanent magnet ring that is magnetized integrally, and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is an axial direction. The implementation manner adopted in particular is not limited to uniqueness.
In an alternative embodiment, the permanent magnet material may be selected from ferrite, samarium cobalt, neodymium iron boron, and other permanent magnet materials, and the specific material adopted in the embodiment of the present invention is not limited uniquely.
In an alternative embodiment, the hysteresis rotor material may be selected from low coercivity permanent magnetic materials such as iron chromium cobalt, iron cobalt vanadium, aluminum nickel cobalt, etc., and the specific material adopted is not limited uniquely.
In an alternative embodiment, the stepless adjustment implementation manner of the side shell may be a threaded fit manner, a sliding groove fit manner, or the like, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited uniquely by what implementation manner is specifically adopted.
In an alternative embodiment, the length of the side casing may be linear or nonlinear according to the change of the magnetic field angle between the upper stator and the lower stator, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited uniquely by the specific manner of change.
In an alternative embodiment, the air gap between the rotor and the stator at one side needs to be kept constant, and the air gap can be realized by using various modes such as a compression ring, a limiting hole or bonding, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited uniquely by the specific implementation mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, the permanent magnets are selected from sector samarium cobalt, the hysteresis rotor is selected from circular ring iron chromium cobalt, the pole pair number of the stator is 4, and every 8 permanent magnets are uniformly fixed on the back iron along the circumferential direction in N/S alternation. The two parts of the side shell are made of metal with small friction coefficient to form a sliding groove which can be matched, and the relative position between the two parts is fixed by screwing a screw into the limit hole.
In the embodiment of the invention, the size of the air gap at the lower side is fixed, the air gap at the upper side is changed along with the change of the magnetic field angle between the upper stator and the lower stator, and the air gap change amount is in direct proportion to the magnetic field angle change amount. As shown in fig. 2 (a), when the magnetic pole positions between the upper and lower stators are N pole pairs S pole pairs, the magnetic field angle is 180 °. At this time, the air gap between the rotor and the upper stator is minimum, the magnetic flux density in the rotor is maximum, and the output torque is maximum. As shown in fig. 2 (b), when the magnetic pole position between the upper and lower stators is the N-pole S-pole, the magnetic field angle is 0 °. At this time, the air gap between the rotor and the upper stator is the largest, the magnetic flux density in the rotor is the smallest, and the output torque is the smallest. When the magnetic field angle is linearly increased from 0 DEG to 180 DEG, the air gap between the upper stator and the rotor is linearly reduced from 6.5mm to 2mm, and the air gap between the lower stator and the rotor is 5.5mm.
As shown in fig. 3, when the maximum output torque is the same, the minimum output torque of the axial magnetic flux permanent magnetic hysteresis damper with the adjustable air gap is reduced from 2.37Nm to 1.15Nm, the minimum output torque is reduced by more than 50%, and the output torque adjustment range is greatly improved. The axial magnetic flux permanent magnet hysteresis damper with the adjustable air gap can realize that the angle of a magnetic field and the air gap are simultaneously adjusted to change the output torque, improves the space for design and optimization, and overcomes the defects of small adjustment range of the output torque generated by using a high remanence permanent magnet material, too small air gap generated by using a low remanence permanent magnet material and poor working stability.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. An axial magnetic flux permanent magnetic hysteresis damper with an adjustable air gap between a stator and a rotor, characterized in that the permanent magnetic hysteresis damper comprises: two stators, a hysteresis rotor, a rotating shaft and a side shell; the stator comprises stator permanent magnets and back irons, wherein N/S alternately distributed permanent magnets are fixed on the back irons;
the two stators are placed in an upper mirror image and a lower mirror image, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet in the stator is axial;
the hysteresis rotor is arranged between the two stators;
the side shell consists of two parts which are respectively fixed on the two stators, and the two parts are matched by using a stepless regulation mechanical structure to form relative rotation, and the total length of the side shell is changed while rotating;
the relative position of the rotating shaft and the stator at one side is kept unchanged, and the relative position of the rotating shaft and the stator at the other side is changed along with the rotation of the shell at the other side;
when the space magnetic field is along the axial direction, the total length of the side shell is longest, the air gap between the stator and the rotor is largest, and the output moment of the permanent magnetic hysteresis damper is smallest; when the space magnetic field is in the circumferential direction, the total length of the side shell is shortest, the air gap between the stator and the rotor is smallest, and the output torque of the permanent magnet hysteresis damper is largest.
2. The permanent magnet hysteresis damper according to claim 1, wherein the infinitely adjustable mechanical structure employs a screw fit or a slide groove fit.
3. The permanent magnet hysteresis damper according to claim 1, wherein the total length of the side case is linear or nonlinear with a change in the angle of the magnetic field between the upper and lower stators.
4. A permanent magnet hysteresis damper according to claim 1, wherein the air gap between said rotor and one side stator is kept constant and the air gap between said rotor and the other side stator changes with rotation of the side housing.
5. The permanent magnet hysteresis damper according to claim 4, wherein the air gap between the rotor and the stator on one side is kept constant by using a pressing ring, a limiting hole or bonding.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211595145.1A CN115962243B (en) | 2022-12-13 | 2022-12-13 | Axial magnetic flux permanent magnet hysteresis damper with adjustable air gap |
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| CN202211595145.1A CN115962243B (en) | 2022-12-13 | 2022-12-13 | Axial magnetic flux permanent magnet hysteresis damper with adjustable air gap |
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| CN115962243A CN115962243A (en) | 2023-04-14 |
| CN115962243B true CN115962243B (en) | 2023-11-07 |
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