CN104018904B - Metal hollow valve - Google Patents
Metal hollow valve Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104018904B CN104018904B CN201410053267.7A CN201410053267A CN104018904B CN 104018904 B CN104018904 B CN 104018904B CN 201410053267 A CN201410053267 A CN 201410053267A CN 104018904 B CN104018904 B CN 104018904B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cavity
- valve
- millimeters
- axle
- hollow core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/20—Shapes or constructions of valve members, not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/12—Cooling of valves
- F01L3/14—Cooling of valves by means of a liquid or solid coolant, e.g. sodium, in a closed chamber in a valve
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Lift Valve (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of metal hollow valve of internal combustion engine（1）, the valve is with one with cavity（5）Tubulose axle（2）With a valve head for being connected to tubulose axle（3）.The following is required in this invention：Axle（2）Outside diameter daIt is less than 6.0 millimeters, internal diameter d more than 5.0 millimetersiIt is less than 4.6 millimeters more than 3.0 millimeters, in valve head（3）One cavity of middle offer（4）, around cavity（4）Wall thickness b1,2It is less than 2.0 millimeters more than 1.0 millimeters.In this way, it is possible to manufacture hollow core valve（1）, it can be cooled particularly well, thus, it is possible to improve limit of detonability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal hollow valve of internal combustion engine, the valve is with tubulose axle and the valve plate for being connected to tubulose axle.
Background technology
Ever-increasing thermal stress in internal combustion engine, particularly in the engine of car, constantly requires its part, for example
Gas exchange valve, also referred to as valve, are also cooled.Therefore, the so-called hollow core valve with internal cooling medium is used.
From the A1 of EP 2 541 000, it is known that a kind of method for producing metal hollow valve, in the method, pass through
Corresponding mould, valve is one after the other formed, and especially its axle is taper.
From the A1 of DE 10 2,010 051 871, it is known that a kind of to produce the metal hollow valve exchanged for internal combustion engine gas
Method, wherein the cavity of hollow component of composition valve is connected with each other, and it is by electrification that these cavitys are at least part of
Metal removal is learned to make.Therefore, valve shaft is longitudinally drilled through first, wherein the cavity is then made at valve head, as
One enlarged opening transverse to the valve shaft longitudinal axis.It is believed to be simplified by the making of methods described, particularly hollow core valve,
Meanwhile, their quality can be improved.
From the A1 of DE 10 2,012 209 187, it is also known that a kind of method for being used to produce the metal hollow valve of internal combustion engine,
An awl is inserted into the forging base of a pyriform structure in this method.Then the valve head behind is at least partially through electricity
Chemical ablation is hollowed out, and the cavity made there by such as the method is then filled up by support liquid, and then hollow core valve is sealed
Close.In this way, hollow core valve can be produced with relatively favourable cost.
From the A1 of DE 10 2,011 077 198, it is also known that one kind is used to produce passes into valve with a valve head
The method of the metal hollow valve of the internal combustion engine of axle, an awl is inserted into valve head in the method, and the valve head is subsequent at least
It is hollowed out partially by electrochemistry excision.In this way, in principle, the making of such metal hollow valve is considered as can
Improved.
Metal hollow valve is usually applicable, because they are lighter than solid valve, and due to being filled with cooling medium, for example
Sodium, they can provide a radiating mode improved.In Otto engine, one provides the sky radiated particularly well
Heart valve brings limit of detonability change, also thus brings particularly advantageous operation.Pinking means due to too high temperature and pressure
The burning of uncontrollable benzine-air mixture caused by power.This will cause internal combustion engines should due to high machinery and heat
Power and produce shock, this most damages service life and efficiency in a kind of negative mode at last.If however, limit of detonability can be with
If raising, the stronger pressurization of cylinder interior becomes possible to, and this will bring dramatically increasing for efficiency in combustion process, also by
This brings the more best performance under more low fuel consumption.
Therefore, have the problem of the instruction of the improved specific embodiment of metal hollow valve of the invention and for universal class
Close, this to improve limit of detonability.
The content of the invention
The present invention is based on following basic concept, and by the valve (gas exchange valve) used in internal combustion engine, the valve is constructed
Wall-forming very thin hollow core valve and therefore, it is possible to very efficient cooled, so as to improve the limit of detonability of internal combustion engine.Therefore,
According to metal hollow valve of the present invention in a way known with a tubulose axle and the valve head for being connected to tubulose axle.Root
According to the present invention, the axle external diameter is between 5.0 millimeters to 6.0 millimeters, and internal diameter is between 3.0 millimeters to 4.6 millimeters, thus, axial wall
Thickness can be significantly lowered compared with conventional hollow valve.In addition, provide second cavity at valve head, there around
The thickness of the wall of second cavity is arrived at 1.0 millimeters between 2.0 millimeters of maximum, and thus also causes high Heat transmission and hollow core valve
Remarkable is cooled into possibility.By the hollow valve arrangement according to precision relatively of the present invention, particularly in bottom faces pair
Effective cooling can be realized by the plain valve head of combustion chamber, this helps to change limit of detonability, for example, the limit is improved, and by
The machinery and thermal stress for the internal combustion engine that this reduction is brought by pinking., can be with addition, according in accurate valve of the present invention
The stronger pressurization of cylinder internal is realized, this can bring dramatically increasing for efficiency in combustion, and thus bring simultaneously more
More preferable performance on low fuel consumption.
Easily, the surface roughness R of the inwall of cavityZMore than 10 microns, especially, RZMore than 16 microns.By relative
The surface roughness of the inwall of cavity at big valve head, the thermal transfer area of expansion is available, and this has positive to heat exchange
Effect, and thus also to having positive role according to the cooling of hollow core valve of the present invention.In the same way, in hollow core valve
The surface roughness of inwall can certainly be set in axle.
In the more favorable specific embodiment according to technical solutions according to the invention, hollow core valve is by X45CrSi9-
3rd, X50CrMnNiNbN21-9, NiCr20TiAl or NCF 3015 (Ni 30%, Cr 15%) steel making.Such high alloy
Steel can enable critically to be constructed according to hollow core valve of the present invention first, in addition, with relatively high wearability.In addition,
Such high-alloy steel also has high corrosion resistance, and the characteristic that particularly there is high chemical resistance to corrode, for example
Gasoline or burning waste gas, to be make them particularly suitable for use in this metal hollow valve of internal combustion engine.
Easily, the second cavity in valve head is made up of electrochemistry excision, and there, the second cavity is well configured to essentially
Circular, ellipse or cone.Here electrochemistry excision is provided does not need big mechanism and upgrade kit in valve head
Use just can be made into the possibility of the second as big as possible cavity.Here electrochemistry excision indicates one can be by very accurate
The process of ground control, so as to can be made according to metal hollow valve of the present invention by consistently high-quality.Here, axle is similarly
Can by electrochemistry excision be broadened, there it usual first it is drilled.
Brief description of the drawings
It should be appreciated that mentioned above and following features that will be illustrated are not departing from the situation of the scope of the invention
It can not only apply down, can also be employed in other combinations or independently in the combination represented respectively.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is elucidated in the accompanying drawings, and is explained in further detail in following description.
Single accompanying drawing 1 is shown according to a cross section by metal hollow valve of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings 1, a tubulose is had according to the metal hollow valve 1 of an internal combustion engine (not shown) of the present invention
Axle 2 and a valve head 3 for being connected to tubulose axle.Here, axle 2 and valve head 3 are generally by Construction integration.Now in order to as much as possible
Effective cooling of metal hollow valve 1 is realized, the latter is equipped with a kind of accurate mode, that is to say, that with relatively thin wall
Thickness b1、b2And b3, its wall thickness b1What is measured is the region for the valve head pedestal for facing combustion chamber (not shown), but wall
Thickness b2What is measured is the region of valve larynx 6.Wall thickness b3Refer to the thickness in the region mesospore of axle 2.However, passing through thin wall thickness b1、
b2And b3, the improved cooling of metal hollow valve 1 can be not only realized, the limit of detonability of internal combustion engine can be also improved, it is whereby, and high
The uncontrollable burning for the benzine-air mixture that machinery and thermal stress are associated can be avoided by, at least, can very great Cheng
That spends is mitigated.Here, thin wall thickness brings the raising of limit of detonability.To achieve it, according to of the present invention
Metal hollow valve 1 have an outside diameter d between 5 millimeters to 6 millimeters in the region of its axle 2a.In the region of axle 2
Footpath diBetween 3.0 millimeters to 4.6 millimeters, so that wall thickness b3Between about 0.7 millimeter to 1.5 millimeters.Certainly, wall
Thickness b3Can also be between about 0.5 millimeter to 1.5 millimeters, now according to tolerance, internal diameter diIt is more preferably 4.6 millis
Rice, as outside diameter daIt is then 6 millimeters.Here, second cavity 4 is provided in valve head 3, it and the first cavity 5 together by
It is placed in axle 2, forms the accommodation space of a refrigerant such as sodium.Here, in the region of valve head pedestal around the second cavity 4
Wall thickness b1Between 1 millimeter to 2 millimeters, as the region of valve larynx 6, also cause in region wall thickness b2About 1 arrives
2 millimeters.
In order to be able to further improvement be placed at refrigerant in the second cavity 4 and the first cavity 5 and metal hollow valve it
Between heat transfer, can specify that the surface roughness R of the inwall 7 of the second cavity 4ZOr first cavity 5 inner wall surface it is coarse
Degree is respectively greater than 10 microns, especially, more than 16 microns.By increasing surface roughness RZ, add available for heat exchange
Region, and hence improve heat transfer.
Usually, hollow core valve 1 is manufactured by a kind of high-alloy steel, such as grade of steel be X45CrSi9-3, X50CrMnNiNbN21-9,
NiCr20TiAl or NCF3015 steel.Such high-alloy steel allows smart according to metal hollow valve 1 of the present invention
Thickly construct, in addition, such high-alloy steel can resist the corrosion of chemical mediator such as gasoline or burning waste gas.In addition, they have
There is high wearability, and therefore have long service life.
First cavity 5 is produced in axle 2 by drilling, and the second cavity 4 in valve head 3 is then made by electrochemistry excision
Make.Second cavity 4 can be configured to for example circular, cone or ellipse.Such electrochemistry excision can make second
The making of cavity 4, is on the other hand fairly precise also hence in so that being on the one hand easy around the making of its wall.
According to the present invention, using metal hollow valve 1, it can obviously better be cooled, and thus improve indirectly interior
The limit of detonability of combustion engine, this not only adds the service life of internal combustion engine, also brings on more low fuel consumption more simultaneously
Good performance.In addition, the embodiment made by precision, alleviates deadweight, this fuel consumption to internal combustion engine, which has, actively to be made
With.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of metal hollow valve (1) of internal combustion engine, is connected to a tubulose axle (2) with the first cavity (5) and one
The valve head (3) of tubulose axle, it is characterised in that：
The outside diameter d of-axle (2)aIt is less than 6.0 millimeters, internal diameter d more than 5.0 millimetersiIt is less than 4.6 millimeters more than 3.0 millimeters,
- second cavity (4) is provided in valve head (3),
- around the wall thickness b of second cavity (4)1And b2It is all higher than 1.0 millimeters and is less than 2.0 millimeters；Around first chamber
The thickness b of the wall of body (5)3It is less than 1.5 millimeters more than 0.7 millimeter.
2. the hollow core valve according to the claims 1, it is characterised in that hollow core valve (1) by X45CrSi9-3,
X50CrMnNiNbN21-9, NiCr20TiAl or NCF 3015 steel making.
3. hollow core valve according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that second cavity (4) in valve head (3) is at least
Cut off and make partially by electrochemistry.
4. hollow core valve according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that second cavity (4) be configured to generally be
Circular, ellipse or cone.
5. hollow core valve according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that first cavity (5) is in axle (2) by boring
Hole is produced.
6. hollow core valve according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that first cavity (5) and second cavity
(4) the surface roughness R of inwall (7)ZMore than 10 microns.
7. hollow core valve according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that first cavity (5) and second cavity
(4) the surface roughness R of inwall (7)ZMore than 16 microns.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013203443.1 | 2013-02-28 | ||
| DE102013203443.1A DE102013203443A1 (en) | 2013-02-28 | 2013-02-28 | Metallic hollow valve |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104018904A CN104018904A (en) | 2014-09-03 |
| CN104018904B true CN104018904B (en) | 2017-10-24 |
Family
ID=50002556
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410053267.7A Ceased CN104018904B (en) | 2013-02-28 | 2014-02-17 | Metal hollow valve |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2803827B2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2014169696A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20140108150A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104018904B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102013203443A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014225618A1 (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2016-06-16 | Mahle International Gmbh | Method for producing a hollow valve |
| DE102016200739A1 (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2017-07-20 | Mahle International Gmbh | Metallic hollow valve for an internal combustion engine of a commercial vehicle |
| DE102017202585A1 (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2017-08-17 | Mahle International Gmbh | Internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder and with at least two hollow-head valves |
| WO2017194091A1 (en) | 2016-05-09 | 2017-11-16 | Mahle International Gmbh | Gas exchange valve |
| DE102020202738A1 (en) | 2020-03-04 | 2021-09-09 | Mahle International Gmbh | Plain bearing, method for producing a plain bearing, internal combustion engine with plain bearing and electrical machine with plain bearing |
| DE102020202739A1 (en) | 2020-03-04 | 2021-09-09 | Mahle International Gmbh | Sintered bearing bushing material, plain bearings, internal combustion engines and electrical machines |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3378904A (en) * | 1964-10-06 | 1968-04-23 | Teves Thompson & Co G M B H | Method of making valves for internalcombustion engines |
| EP0619419A1 (en) * | 1993-04-01 | 1994-10-12 | Eaton Corporation | Ultra light engine valve |
| CN101169054A (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2008-04-30 | 韩鸿滨 | Lightweight air valve |
| CN202360166U (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2012-08-01 | 马勒技术投资(中国）有限公司 | Valve provided with oil duct communicated with the external world |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2627259A (en) * | 1942-06-24 | 1953-02-03 | Gen Motors Corp | Valve |
| JPS56121803A (en) * | 1980-02-27 | 1981-09-24 | Hitachi Ltd | Manufacture of nozzle blade |
| JPH03264714A (en) * | 1990-03-14 | 1991-11-26 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Hollow poppet valve |
| DE19746235A1 (en) * | 1996-11-02 | 1998-05-07 | Volkswagen Ag | Poppet valve manufacturing method for vehicle engine |
| EP0911493A3 (en) * | 1997-10-21 | 2000-04-12 | Eaton Corporation | Improved tip structures for an ultra light engine valve |
| DE19804053A1 (en) * | 1998-02-03 | 1999-08-05 | Mwp Mahle J Wizemann Pleuco Gm | Lightweight valve |
| JP4264284B2 (en) * | 2003-04-09 | 2009-05-13 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Sizing press mold |
| US7104762B2 (en) * | 2004-01-06 | 2006-09-12 | General Electric Company | Reduced weight control stage for a high temperature steam turbine |
| DE102005005041A1 (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2006-08-10 | Märkisches Werk GmbH | Valve for controlling the gas exchange, in particular in internal combustion engines |
| DE102005013088B4 (en) * | 2005-03-18 | 2006-12-28 | Man B & W Diesel Ag | Gas exchange valve with corrosion protection layer |
| US20090081073A1 (en) | 2007-06-07 | 2009-03-26 | Celso Antonio Barbosa | Alloys with high corrosion resistance for engine valve applications |
| JP2009013935A (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-22 | Toyota Motor Corp | Hollow valve for internal combustion engine |
| JP4390291B1 (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2009-12-24 | 株式会社 吉村カンパニー | Method for manufacturing valve head part of hollow engine valve and hollow engine valve |
| US8230834B2 (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2012-07-31 | Nittan Valve Co., Ltd. | Hollow poppet valve and method of manufacturing the same |
| JP5297402B2 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2013-09-25 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of engine valve filled with sodium metal |
| DE102010051871A1 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2012-05-24 | Märkisches Werk GmbH | Method for manufacturing valves for gas exchange, involves forming valve head and valve stem as hollow section, particularly for internal combustion engines |
| DE102011077198A1 (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2012-12-13 | Mahle International Gmbh | Method for producing a metal hollow valve with improved cooling |
| DE102012209187A1 (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2012-12-13 | Mahle International Gmbh | Method for manufacturing metallic hollow valve of internal combustion engine, involves introducing hole into slug, and partially hollowing valve head by electrochemical removal such that cavity is filled with fluid, and forging hollow valve |
-
2013
- 2013-02-28 DE DE102013203443.1A patent/DE102013203443A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2014
- 2014-01-24 EP EP14152509.7A patent/EP2803827B2/en active Active
- 2014-02-17 CN CN201410053267.7A patent/CN104018904B/en not_active Ceased
- 2014-02-20 JP JP2014030232A patent/JP2014169696A/en active Pending
- 2014-02-27 KR KR1020140023156A patent/KR20140108150A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3378904A (en) * | 1964-10-06 | 1968-04-23 | Teves Thompson & Co G M B H | Method of making valves for internalcombustion engines |
| EP0619419A1 (en) * | 1993-04-01 | 1994-10-12 | Eaton Corporation | Ultra light engine valve |
| CN101169054A (en) * | 2007-10-16 | 2008-04-30 | 韩鸿滨 | Lightweight air valve |
| CN202360166U (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2012-08-01 | 马勒技术投资(中国）有限公司 | Valve provided with oil duct communicated with the external world |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104018904A (en) | 2014-09-03 |
| JP2014169696A (en) | 2014-09-18 |
| EP2803827B2 (en) | 2023-01-04 |
| DE102013203443A1 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
| KR20140108150A (en) | 2014-09-05 |
| EP2803827B1 (en) | 2015-11-18 |
| EP2803827A1 (en) | 2014-11-19 |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| IW01 | Full invalidation of patent right |
Decision date of declaring invalidation: 20190903 Decision number of declaring invalidation: 41543 Granted publication date: 20171024 |
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