CN104012734A - Preparation method of wild jujube leaf tea - Google Patents
Preparation method of wild jujube leaf tea Download PDFInfo
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- CN104012734A CN104012734A CN201410284227.3A CN201410284227A CN104012734A CN 104012734 A CN104012734 A CN 104012734A CN 201410284227 A CN201410284227 A CN 201410284227A CN 104012734 A CN104012734 A CN 104012734A
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- wild jujube
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- tea
- ziziphi spinosae
- jujube leaf
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of wild jujube leaf tea. The preparation method comprises the following steps: a tea harvesting step, a paving step, a fixation step, a stir fixation step and a drying step which are sequentially carried out. The preparation method is simple and feasible, the process is easy to control, the period is short and the cost is low. The prepared wild jujube leaf tea is green in color and luster and uniform in leaves. The bitterness of the wild jujube leaves is eliminated after honey water is sprayed in the stir fixation process. The made tea is bright in liquor color, lasting in aroma and tender and mild, and the main components of wild jujube fresh leaves are retained to the maximum extent. Besides the common health-care function, the tea further has the functions of reducing the permeability and the brittleness of capillaries, resisting bacteria and viruses, resisting cancers and tumors, soothing the nerves, promoting the sleep and the like. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is suitable for being used in processing and producing wild jujube leaf tea.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Tea Production field, relate to a kind of preparation of steeping drink tea, relate in particular to a kind of preparation method of Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea.
Background technology
Wild jujube has another name called sour jujube, sour jujube, wild jujube, mountain jujube, Pueraria lobota pin etc.Fruit is circular or oblate, oval etc., pericarp redness or aubergine, and pulp is thinner, loose, sweet and sour.The nutritive value of wild jujube is very high, its pulp can be used as raw material and be added in developed beverage, kernel can be used as medicine, and From Wild Jujube Leaf can not get people's attention always, be scattering into ground and go out of use autumn from tree, From Wild Jujube Leaf contain with spina date seed not containing or the less a large amount of nutritional labeling of content, thereby by From Wild Jujube Leaf discarded be a kind of waste of high-quality resource really.
In From Wild Jujube Leaf, contain abundant vitamin, the medicinal ingredients such as triterpene olefin(e) acid, chlorogenic acid and flavone compound, " sour leaf ketone ", the rutin that wherein can extract is the good medicine for the treatment of coronary heart disease.Flavone compound has the various active such as obvious non-oxidizability, anti-inflammatory be antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor; In addition, From Wild Jujube Leaf is at antitoxic heart-soothing and sedative, improves the fields such as sleep quality and has its original effect, has the laudatory title in " east sleep leaf ".Thereby, From Wild Jujube Leaf is a kind of valuable natural health and medicine resource, but owing to there being the enzymatic oxidation reaction of tea polyphenolic compounds in the fresh leaf of wild jujube, not only strengthened the compound of the difficulty while tea polyphenols of preserving once oxidation, content also can reduce greatly, meanwhile, green grass breath in the fresh leaf of wild jujube and puckery sense have affected directly edible mouthfeel of the fresh leaf of wild jujube, yet how From Wild Jujube Leaf is made into tealeaves, not only overcome the problem of fresh From Wild Jujube Leaf mouthfeel discomfort but also can retain to greatest extent the main component of fresh From Wild Jujube Leaf, the high-quality health-care wild jujube fruit leaf tea that exploitation contains greater activity composition has become one of focus of current research.
Application number is the Chinese invention patent of 01115120X, a kind of " jujube leaf tea and preparation method thereof " disclosed, the step that wherein completes is carried out in roller machine, in roller machine, complete, due to not smooth in inner bucket water vapor evolution, very easily in bucket, generate the cigarette smell of burning with the bonding leaf of nozzle, the step that simultaneously completes first carry out green removing in high temperature again low temperature complete, green removing in high temperature continues after 3-5 minute at 200-220 ℃, low temperature completes and at 110-120 ℃, continues 25-35 minute, the temperature of green removing in high temperature can be destroyed the nutritional labeling in jujube leaf, especially flavonoids is more responsive to temperature, when temperature is higher, the poor stability of flavone compound, easily there is oxidation and lost efficacy, cause general flavone yield to reduce, and the long active constituent content of jujube leaf that also may reduce of low temperature fixation time, finally affect into the nutritional labeling of sampling tea.
Application number is 2007100163526 Chinese invention patent, discloses a kind of " preparation for processing of Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea ", the processing step such as this preparation method comprises harvesting, airing, kneading, frying, dry.Because this preparation method carries out under slow fire, leaf Wen Bugao, is unfavorable for the conversion of active ingredient in fresh leaf; In addition, in the process of making, complete, in From Wild Jujube Leaf, heavier, the tea polyphenolic compounds of green grass breath may carry out enzymatic oxidation, affects the due color of tea, and the sensory evaluation after tealeaves brews is not high.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention, is to provide a kind of preparation method of Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea, comprise carry out successively adopt young worker's order, stand young worker's order, the operation that completes, fried green operation, drying process, in fried green operation discontinuous, spray hydromel.Prepared Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea has overcome that the Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea nutritional labeling of preparing in prior art is not high, and puckery sense is heavier, and in the fresh leaf of the wild jujube of comparing, active ingredient runs off seriously, and tealeaves brews the shortcomings such as rear sensory evaluation is not high.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A preparation method for Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea, comprise carry out successively adopt young worker's order, stand young worker order, the operation that completes, fried green operation, drying process, fried green operation discontinuous is sprayed hydromel.
As a kind of restriction of the present invention, the preparation method of described Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea carries out according to following step order:
1. adopt green grass or young crops
The lunar calendar pluck March to April a bud be three, four leaves and stout and strong, children is tender, without the From Wild Jujube Leaf tender shoots of disease and pest and mechanical damage, be raw material A;
2. stand is blue or green
A shady and cool place under room temperature is spread, must spread out blue or green rear From Wild Jujube Leaf B;
From Wild Jujube Leaf is all fresh dark green picking, the moisture of its inside is more, the activity of leaf is also very strong, the viscosity of leaf also can be very heavy like this, by spreading, moisture in From Wild Jujube Leaf can reduce gradually, impels on the one hand the generation of aroma substance, is conducive on the other hand driving away of From Wild Jujube Leaf in fried green process and rubs;
3. complete
After adding water in pot, heat, under normal pressure, after the water boiling in pot, B is placed in and is steamed on lattice, the lower 100 ℃ of water vapours of slow fire complete, and after taking-up, in cool place, dispose in sieve and make thinner, drain away the water, and From Wild Jujube Leaf C after must completing;
In From Wild Jujube Leaf, contain a certain amount of aromatic substance and enzyme, aromatic substance be take alcohol compound as main, and lower boiling leaf alcohol has strong green grass gas; High boiling linalool, benzyl carbinol etc., have the characteristic of delicate fragrance, the fragrance of a flower, and when the temperature completing is during lower than 100 ℃, the lower boiling leaf alcohol while completing in From Wild Jujube Leaf is difficult to volatilization, causes final finished Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea grass smell dense, puckery sense weight; In addition, because temperature is low, enzyme does not have passivation, in follow-up tealeaves is made, because the continuous fermentation of enzyme causes tealeaves Tang Sefa brown, not vivid and affect the sensory evaluation of tealeaves; The temperature that completes is during higher than 100 ℃, and in From Wild Jujube Leaf, thermally sensitive active nutrient component is easily destroyed, and even inactivation, causes the nutritional labeling of final finished tea to decline, and health-care effect reduces;
4. fried green
C is poured in the pot that is warming up to 80-90 ℃, little fiery frying, during frying, twists with the fingers and rubs while stir with hand, every a hydromel of 25-35s spray, fries when water content is 5-10% and can stop simultaneously, takes out, and obtains the From Wild Jujube Leaf D after fried green;
Fried green, is in making the process of tealeaves, makes the tealeaves gimmick that impotence withers in pot, by artificial kneading, makes Measuring Moisture Content of Tea rapid evaporation, has blocked the process of tea leaf fermentation, and the operation that the elite of tealeaves is retained completely; Fried green effect is the activity of rapid, thorough destructive enzyme, continue the moisture content that scatters and disappears, prepare tealeaves plastotype, promoted a series of good variation of endoplasm, promote the generation of Aromatic substances, in the process of fried green, the content of amino acid, soluble sugar and soluble pectin increases to some extent;
5. dry
D is placed in to drying baker and is dried to after water content 5-8%, pack, sealing, obtains Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea.
As further restriction of the present invention:
When 2. step spreads out green grass or young crops, the thickness of making thinner is 4-6cm, and the time of spreading is 3-4h.
Step 3. fixation time is 2-5min, and the thickness of From Wild Jujube Leaf is 4-6cm.
The thickness of making thinner when 3. step drains away the water is 3-5cm, and after draining away the water, the weight-loss ratio of From Wild Jujube Leaf is 50-70%.
The present invention also has a kind of restriction, and described hydromel concentration is that 10-15%(is that the weight accounting of honey is 10-15%), the total consumption of hydromel is the 2-4% of From Wild Jujube Leaf C dry weight.
The preparation method of above-mentioned Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea does as a whole, the simple easy operating of preparation process, and cost is low, be easy to industrialization and produce, the Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea of preparation has that color and luster is emerald green, blade is even neat, brews rear soup look bright, lasting fragrance, continuous refreshing alcohol and, health care is worth advantages of higher.
Owing to having adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, compared with prior art, obtained technological progress is in the present invention:
1. the present invention sprays into the puckery sense that hydromel can effectively be removed From Wild Jujube Leaf, has retained the fresh alcohol fragrance of From Wild Jujube Leaf;
2. the present invention has retained the beneficiating ingredient of the fresh leaf of wild jujube to greatest extent, kept its health care to be worth, made Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea color and luster is emerald green, blade is even neat, brew rear soup look bright, lasting fragrance, continuous refreshing alcohol and, this tea, except the health care of common tea, also has and reduces capillary permeability and fragility, anti-bacteria and anti-virus, anticancer antitumor, the effect that strengthens immunity
3. tea-manufacturing technology is simple, and the cycle is short, and process is easy to control, and equipment needed thereby is few, is easy to suitability for industrialized production.
The present invention is applicable to the processing of Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
The specific embodiment
the preparation method of 1 one kinds of Folium Ziziphi Spinosae teas of embodiment
The present embodiment is a kind of preparation method of Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea, and concrete preparation process is as follows successively:
1. adopt green grass or young crops
The lunar calendar pluck March to April a bud be three, four leaves and stout and strong, children is tender, without the From Wild Jujube Leaf tender shoots of disease and pest and mechanical damage, be raw material A;
2. stand is blue or green
A shady and cool place under room temperature is spread, and the thickness of making thinner is 4cm, and the time of spreading is 4h,
Must spread out blue or green rear From Wild Jujube Leaf B;
3. complete
After adding water in pot, heat, under normal pressure, after the water boiling in pot, B is placed in and is steamed on lattice, and the thickness of From Wild Jujube Leaf is 6cm, the lower 100 ℃ of water vapours of the slow fire 5min that completes, after taking-up in cool place dispose in sieve in make thinner as 3cm, drain away the water to the weight-loss ratio of From Wild Jujube Leaf be 50%, From Wild Jujube Leaf C after must completing;
4. fried green
C is poured in the pot that is warming up to 90 ℃, little fiery frying, during frying, while stirring with hand, twist with the fingers and rub, the hydromel that is simultaneously 10% every concentration of 35s spray, with the gross weight of hydromel, be 2% of From Wild Jujube Leaf C dry weight, fry when water content is 10% and can stop, take out, obtain the From Wild Jujube Leaf D after fried green;
5. dry
D is placed in to dryer and is dried to after water content 8%, pack, sealing, gets product.
The Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea color and luster that adopts said method to prepare is emerald green, blade is even neat, brews rear soup look bright, lasting fragrance, continuous refreshing alcohol and, when fried green, spray hydromel, removed the sour and astringent taste of wild jujube millet paste, retained fresh alcohol fragrance and the beneficiating ingredient of From Wild Jujube Leaf.
This tea-manufacturing technology is simple, and the cycle is short, and process is easy to control, and equipment needed thereby is few, is easy to suitability for industrialized production.
the preparation method of embodiment 2-5 Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea
Embodiment 2-5 is respectively a kind of preparation method of Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea, and preparation process is identical with embodiment 1, and difference is only to control accordingly parameter difference, and concrete parameter is in Table 1.
Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea color and luster prepared by embodiment 2-5 is emerald green, blade is even neat, brew rear soup look bright, lasting fragrance, continuous refreshing alcohol and, when fried green, spray hydromel, removed the sour and astringent taste of wild jujube tea, the fresh alcohol fragrance and the beneficiating ingredient that have retained From Wild Jujube Leaf, this tea-manufacturing technology is simple, and the cycle is short, and process is easy to control, equipment needed thereby is few, is easy to suitability for industrialized production.
contents of Main Components in embodiment 6 Folium Ziziphi Spinosae teas
The present embodiment is measured the main component in the Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea providing in From Wild Jujube Leaf and embodiment 1 by Agricultural University Of Hebei, and the Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea that embodiment 1 is provided respectively with From Wild Jujube Leaf and existing Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea in the content of corresponding composition contrast, wherein, From Wild Jujube Leaf, Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea of the present invention, existing Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea raw material used is identical, difference is only: From Wild Jujube Leaf is the material after the fresh leaf of wild jujube dries naturally, existing Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea is Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea prepared by existing tea-manufacturing technology, and concrete the results are shown in Table 2.
Note: high performance liquid chromatograph is Agilent 1200 models, and testing conditions is: chromatographic column Hypersil BDS C18 (200mm * 4.6mm id, 5 μ m), mobile phase 40% methyl alcohol is containing 0.05% formic acid, detect wavelength 350nm, 30 ℃ of column temperatures, flow velocity 0.8mL/min.
In From Wild Jujube Leaf, contain the multiple composition useful to human body, wherein, the physiological action of main component is as follows:
The Main Function of protein is to grow and metabolism, also can provide heat.
Fat is one of nutrition of needed by human, and it is the important composition material of cell.
Total reducing sugar can provide the energy and maintain certain osmotic pressure.
Ash content is the sign of the inorganic constituents total amount in tealeaves
That general flavone has is anti-oxidant, remove the effect of free radical, can increase in addition the effect of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and CF, can be used for alleviating hypertension symptom (neck pain), treatment angina pectoris and sudden deafness, has certain curative effect.
Rutin belongs to vitamin drug, has the effect that reduces capillary permeability and fragility, keeps and recover the normal elasticity of capillary.Be used for preventing and treating hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage; Hemorrhage and the purpura haemorrhagica of diabetic retina etc.
Gallic acid has anti-bacteria and anti-virus, in addition tumour is also had to certain inhibitory action.
Betulic acid can optionally kill mankind's MC and not kill and wound healthy cell, some malignant tumours is also had to certain inhibitory action as brain tumor, leukaemia etc. simultaneously.
Oleanolic acid has the liver of protecting, hypoglycemic, lipopenicillinase, anti-inflammatory, the effect such as antiviral, anti-oxidant, anticancer.
Ursolic acid is a kind of triterpene compound being present in natural plants, has the various biological effects such as calmness, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-diabetic, antiulcer, reduction blood sugar, and ursolic acid also has obvious anti-oxidation function.
By above table, can be learnt, the Contents of Main Components of comparing in From Wild Jujube Leaf, Contents of Main Components in Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea provided by the present invention is higher than the Contents of Main Components in existing Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea, main component loss in Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea provided by the present invention is less, than existing Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea, is of high nutritive value.
the impact of embodiment 7 fixation times on general flavone content in From Wild Jujube Leaf.
Aromatic substance in the fresh leaf of wild jujube be take alcohol compound as main, lower boiling leaf alcohol has strong green grass gas, high boiling linalool, benzyl carbinol etc. have the characteristics such as delicate fragrance, the fragrance of a flower, in the process of completing, fixation time length has material impact for aromatic substance in the fresh leaf of wild jujube, affects the most at last the sensory evaluation of finished tea.The present embodiment is explored the impact of finished tea the fixation time in Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea preparation process, and wherein, preparation process is identical with embodiment 1, and difference is only that fixation time is different, and concrete outcome is in Table 3.
From above table, when fixation time is 2-5min, the overall sensory evaluation of the Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea of preparation is high, when fixation time is during lower than 2min, completes not thorough, in the fresh leaf of wild jujube, also leaves certain leaf alcohol, affects the sensory evaluation of finished tea; When fixation time is during higher than 5min, the fresh leaf of wild jujube is excessively soft, and difficult sth. made by twisting is kneaded into type, shape of tea, color variation, and sensory evaluation reduces.
embodiment 8 impacts of fried green temperature on Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea
The aromatic substance of finished product green tea is more with the fragrance component content of alcohols and pyrazine class, pyrazine class fragrance component is many to be formed in the parch process of Tea Processing, so the formation that affects pyrazine class fragrance component in From Wild Jujube Leaf of the temperature of fried green finally affects the sensory evaluation of finished acid jujube leaf tea.The present embodiment is explored the impact of finished tea the fried green temperature in Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea preparation process, and wherein, preparation process is identical with embodiment 1, and difference is only that fried green temperature is different, and concrete outcome is in Table 4.
From above table, when fried green temperature is 80-90 ℃, the overall sensory evaluation of the Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea of preparation is high, and when fried green temperature is during lower than 80 ℃, in fried green process, pyrazine class material forms few, tealeaves odorlessness, and the sensory evaluation of finished tea is low; When fried green temperature is during higher than 90 ℃, fried green process is beneficial to the formation of pyrazine class material, still, excess Temperature, in the process of frying, From Wild Jujube Leaf is easily sent out paste, and burning has hidden tealeaves part fragrance, and mouthfeel is bitter, and the sensory evaluation of finished tea reduces.
the impact of embodiment 9 hydromels on Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea
In fried green process, do not spray hydromel and can make the finished tea sensory evaluation of final preparation low, as sour and astringent in millet paste mouthfeel, sour and astringent in order to overcome it, in millet paste, add hydromel, and the prepared tealeaves of the millet paste forming thus and the present invention brews the millet paste of rear formation and has larger difference.The tealeaves that the present embodiment provides embodiment 1 brews the millet paste of rear formation, the millet paste forming with the hydromel that does not spray tealeaves prepared by hydromel in fried green process and brew rear interpolation same concentrations contrasts, wherein: the preparation process of Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea is identical with embodiment 1, difference is only in fried green process, whether to add hydromel, sequence number A is the millet paste that the Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea of embodiment 1 preparation brews rear formation for the first time, sequence number B be after sequence number A millet paste finishes off, add with the water gagings such as A after the millet paste that forms, sequence number C adds the millet paste forming with the water gaging such as A after sequence number B millet paste finishes off, sequence number D does not spray the liquid that Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea prepared by hydromel brews rear formation for the first time in fried green process, and to liquid, to add mass concentration be the millet paste forming after 10% hydromel, in sequence number D, in added tealeaves and sequence number A, added tealeaves is equal in weight, the volume of liquid also equates, the weight of unit hydromel that stem tea adds is identical with the weight that in sequence number A, unit stem tea sprinkling hydromel consumes, sequence number E is the millet paste forming after the water adding after sequence number D millet paste finishes off with A equivalent, sequence number F is the millet paste forming after the water adding after sequence number E millet paste finishes off with A equivalent, concrete the results are shown in Table 5.
From above table, it is bright that Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea provided by the present invention brews the millet paste of rear formation, and mouthfeel is continuous refreshing, and tealeaves brews often, and soup taste is lasting; And in fried green process, do not spray tealeaves prepared by hydromel after brewing, add wherein the millet paste forming after the hydromel of same concentrations, the obfuscation of soup look, the sweet cunning of mouthfeel, but at the follow-up secondary of sequence number D, brew, in brewing for three times, because added hydromel for the first time dilutes gradually, until disappear, thereby the mouthfeel of Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea variation gradually, soup taste is not lasting.
Embodiment 1-5, it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not the restriction of other form made for the present invention, any those skilled in the art may utilize above-mentioned technology contents as enlightenment, to be changed or be modified as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.In every case be the technical spirit that does not depart from the claims in the present invention, the simple modification that above embodiment has been done, equivalent variations and remodeling, still belong to the scope that the claims in the present invention are protected.
Claims (6)
1. a preparation method for Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea, comprise carry out successively adopt young worker's order, stand young worker's order, the operation that completes, fried green operation, drying process,
it is characterized in that:fried green operation discontinuous is sprayed hydromel.
2. the preparation method of Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea according to claim 1,
it is characterized in thatit carries out according to following step order:
1. adopt green grass or young crops
The lunar calendar pluck March to April a bud be three, four leaves and stout and strong, children is tender, without the From Wild Jujube Leaf tender shoots of disease and pest and mechanical damage, be raw material A;
2. stand is blue or green
A shady and cool place under room temperature is spread, must spread out blue or green rear From Wild Jujube Leaf B;
3. complete
After adding water in pot, heat, under normal pressure, after the water boiling in pot, B is placed in and is steamed on lattice, the lower 100 ℃ of water vapours of slow fire complete, and after taking-up, in cool place, dispose in sieve and make thinner, drain away the water, and From Wild Jujube Leaf C after must completing;
4. fried green
C is poured in the pot that is warming up to 80-90 ℃, little fiery frying, during frying, twists with the fingers and rubs while stir with hand, every a hydromel of 25-35s spray, fries when water content is 5-10% and can stop simultaneously, takes out, and obtains the From Wild Jujube Leaf D after fried green;
5. dry
D is placed in to drying baker and is dried to after water content 5-8%, pack, sealing, obtains Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea.
3. the preparation method of Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea according to claim 2,
it is characterized in that:when 2. step spreads out green grass or young crops, the thickness of making thinner is 4-6cm, and the time of spreading is 3-4h.
4. the preparation method of Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea according to claim 2,
it is characterized in that:step 3. fixation time is 2-5min, and the thickness of From Wild Jujube Leaf is 4-6cm.
5. the preparation method of Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea according to claim 2,
it is characterized in that:the thickness of making thinner when 3. step drains away the water is 3-5cm, and after draining away the water, the weight-loss ratio of From Wild Jujube Leaf is 50-70%.
6. according to the preparation method of any one Folium Ziziphi Spinosae tea described in claim 1-5,
it is characterized in that:described hydromel concentration is 10-15%, and the total consumption of hydromel is the 2-4% of From Wild Jujube Leaf C dry weight.
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