CN104004533B - A kind of little granule shale gas heat carrier distillation process - Google Patents
A kind of little granule shale gas heat carrier distillation process Download PDFInfo
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- CN104004533B CN104004533B CN201410271613.9A CN201410271613A CN104004533B CN 104004533 B CN104004533 B CN 104004533B CN 201410271613 A CN201410271613 A CN 201410271613A CN 104004533 B CN104004533 B CN 104004533B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of little granule shale gas heat carrier distillation process, this technique includes that raw ore processes, is dried selecting crude drugs with winnower, destructive distillation oil refining, product recovery and burns heating picking process step.Add dry selecting crude drugs with winnower and burning takes the energy recovery technological means such as heat, the heat that oil shale semi-coke burning produces sufficiently is reclaimed, during applying to whole oil shale retorting heat dissipation, substantially increase the thermal efficiency, reduce production cost, make granule wax shale gas heat carrier retorting technique move to maturity.Effectively overcome the technique bottleneck that the thermal efficiency is low, make output be more than cost, make industrialization lucrative, have developed a kind of brand-new distillation process, and substantially increase the utilization rate of resource.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to distillation process technical field, be specifically related to a kind of little granule shale gas heat carrier distillation process, this technique can utilize the granule wax shale low temperature distillation liquefaction of gas heat carrier below technical finesse 12mm.
Two, background technology
In oil shale low temperature distillation technology, it is much greater that granule wax shale destructive distillation technological development difficulty compares massive shale retorting technique with the complexity of technique.The most existing granule wax shale destructive distillation technology is all hot solid carrier devolatilization technology at present, does not has the little granular gas heat carrier retorting technique that mature industry is applied, and its reason is that this process heat efficiency is low, and production cost is high.
Three, summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of thermal efficiency high, the little granule shale gas heat carrier distillation process that production cost is low.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: this technique comprises the steps:
1. raw ore processes: the mine shale of 0mm-20mm is processed as the little granule shale of 0mm-12mm after crushing and screening；
2. it is dried selecting crude drugs with winnower: sent into by step 1. gained little granule shale and be dried aidr bells blast system and be passed through heat smoke, carries out sieving, being dried and selecting crude drugs with winnower process；Heat smoke after cooling is discharged from chimney after desulphurization denitration；The powder shale of selecting crude drugs with winnower 0mm-1mm out sends into semicoke incineration stove；
3. destructive distillation oil refining: the little granule shale of step 2. selecting crude drugs with winnower gained 80 DEG C-100 DEG C, 1mm-12mm is sent into gas retort, completes dry distilling at a temperature of 550 DEG C, obtain dry distilling gas, shale oil and shale semicockes dry distilling product；
4. product reclaims: through rotation, step 3. gained dry distilling gas and shale oil being caught tower, indirect cool tower, oil-absorption tower and low temperature electric fishing successively and carries out Oil Recovery and the purification of dry distilling gas, gained oil product sends into oil tank；The low temperature pure dry distilling gas caught out from low temp. electric is after gas exhaust blower pressurizes, and a road is sent into recuperative heater combustor with outer afterburning tile kilning together with this after gas desulfurization and burnt；Recuperative heater regenerator heat exchange is sent into 680 DEG C of entrance gas retorts in another road；Shale semicockes send into semicoke incineration stove；
5. burn and take heat: enter the powder shale of the shale semicockes in semicoke incineration stove and 0mm-1mm and in stove, carry out burning generate 800-900 DEG C of shale lime-ash, and release and send 800-900 DEG C of heat smoke；Wherein heat smoke removing dust device dedusting after entering heat exchanger heat exchange, is sent to be dried aidr bells blast system；Discharge through deslagging belt after the road air heat-exchange that shale lime-ash entrance lag cooler and air blower are sent, point two-way after air removing dust device dedusting after heat exchange, one tunnel feeding recuperative heater combustor is as burning wind, and another road also serves as heat smoke and is sent to be dried aidr bells blast system；Another road air that air blower is sent through with heat exchanger heat exchange after, enter semicoke incineration stove as burning wind.
The present invention includes that raw ore processes, is dried selecting crude drugs with winnower, destructive distillation oil refining, product recovery and burns heating picking process step, has the advantage that
1, in technique, multilevel obtains raw material and the calorific value of side-product and the heat exchange of storeroom, makes full use of the heat processing oil shale of self in process units and obtains product.Wherein be dried winnowing process, burning takes thermal process and recuperative heater and all embodies the multiple utilization of energy for burning wind process.Its recuperative heater uses two modes sending two burnings, it is ensured that heat supply stationarity.Its recovery system uses without water-washing process, replaces washing with oil wash, makes the thermic load in recovery system be substantially reduced, and the equipment such as indirect cool tower and electric fishing tower that have employed has reached the effect of high-efficient energy-saving environment friendly.
2, burn and take the shale semicockes after combustion material is dry distilling in thermal process and the powder shale of 0mm-1mm that selecting crude drugs with winnower dries out.Shale semicockes are by being discharged into semicoke incineration stove bottom gas retort, and when entering stove, temperature is about 500 DEG C, and such incinerator makes full use of the sensible heat of semicoke band, is greatly promoted combustion efficiency and the thermal efficiency.Its high-temperature flue gas produced and high temperature air are all the thermal source supplies of selecting crude drugs with winnower and heating furnace.This abundant sensible heat of recovery shale semicockes and the mode of latent heat add the Energy harvesting effect of whole system.
3, catch tower, indirect cool tower, oil-absorption tower and low temperature electric fishing through rotation successively through dry distilling gained dry distilling gas and shale oil during destructive distillation oil refining, obtain shale oil product and pure gas.Sequentially passed through dust removal with machine, oil caught by machinery, and oil spraying and dedusting, oil spray receive oil, and oil, electric precipitation, electric fishing oil are received in cooling dedusting, cooling.There is no gas and the direct contact process of water simultaneously in whole system, steam is not introduced in gas, make the saturation of gas in recovery system be constantly in low state, make the thermic load used by gas cooling greatly reduce.Recovery system is through multi-level different physiochemical mutagens processes, and is constantly in low saturation state and makes it have efficient, energy-conservation distinguishing feature.
In sum, present invention process adds dry selecting crude drugs with winnower and burning takes the energy recovery technological means such as heat, the heat that oil shale semi-coke burning produces sufficiently is reclaimed, during applying to whole oil shale retorting heat dissipation, substantially increase the thermal efficiency, reduce production cost, make granule wax shale gas heat carrier retorting technique move to maturity.Effectively overcome the technique bottleneck that the thermal efficiency is low, make output be more than cost, make industrialization lucrative, have developed a kind of brand-new distillation process, and substantially increase the utilization rate of resource.
Four, accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process chart of the present invention.
Five, detailed description of the invention
As it can be seen, mine tailing oil shale granularity is 0mm～20mm, it is treated as 0mm～12mm particle size range granule wax shale through crushing and screening.It is delivered to be dried selecting crude drugs with winnower system entry, enters and be dried aidr bells blast system and be passed through heat smoke.Dry aidr bells blast system is to utilize multilamellar mechanical vibration mode, shale supplied materials is processed, whole system is totally-enclosed, while carrying out shale screening, it is passed through heat smoke from bottom inversely contact with shale, it is dried, can be taken away by dust granules again, whole system has screening, dry, three functions of selecting crude drugs with winnower simultaneously.Shale is heated by 300 DEG C of heat smoke, heats up, and removes the outer water of part, makes shale moisture content drop to 1% from 9%, and shale temperature is warming up to 80 DEG C～100 DEG C from ambient temperature.Heat smoke cools to 80 DEG C, enters smoke stack emission after desulphurization denitration.0mm～1mm powder shale is by selecting crude drugs with winnower out simultaneously, enters shale semicockes incinerator through powder pipeline, as a kind of fuel of incinerator.The little granule page of remaining 1mm～12mm of selecting crude drugs with winnower, temperature at 80 DEG C～100 DEG C, is discharged at selecting crude drugs with winnower drying equipment outlet at bottom, is entered gas retort via conveyer.Shale is heated by heated carrier gas in gas retort, start dry distillation reactor when temperature reaches 300 DEG C, shale finally completes dry distilling at 550 DEG C, product after shale retorting is dry distilling gas, shale oil and shale semicockes, and dry distilling gas is mainly made up of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen, ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, butane, butylene.Shale oil is also that gaseous state, dry distilling gas and shale oil gas are discharged from gas retort top when high temperature, and remaining solid matter is that shale semicockes are discharged bottom gas retort, and the shale semicockes of high temperature enter semicoke incineration stove when 550 DEG C.(owing to the fixed carbon content in semicoke is the lowest, calorific value is low, in order to make incinerator stably burn, takes the mode of high-temperature feeding, makes up the defect that shale semicockes calorific value is low).In semicoke incineration stove, the form with bubbling bed carries out fluidized bed combustion, discharges a large amount of 800～900 DEG C of heat smoke, and heat smoke enters heat exchanger after cleaner unit, cools to about 300 DEG C after heat exchange.The combustion air of incinerator is provided by an air blower, and this Fans is also supplied with lag cooler air and warm sludge heat exchange simultaneously.Air enters heat exchanger and heat smoke heat exchange from air blower out branch, a road, and after heat exchange, temperature reaches about 400 DEG C, and entrance semicoke incineration stove is as burning wind, and another road is directly entered lag cooler.Shale semicockes become the shale lime-ash of 800～900 DEG C after fully burning in incinerator, subsequently into lag cooler and the abundant heat exchange of air, the shale lime-ash after cooling is outside deslagging belt discharge system.Air is heated to about 300 DEG C through lag cooler, cleaner unit is entered after going out lag cooler, go out branch after cleaner unit, one tunnel enters recuperative heater combustor, burning wind as heating furnace, the flue gas of another road and semicoke incineration outlet of still heat exchanger low temperature about 300 DEG C out collects, and sends into shale together and is dried the aidr bells blast system hot blast as aidr bells blast system.Gas retort furnace roof outlets products be dry distilling gas and shale oil and with substantial amounts of steam and dust temperature at about 150 DEG C, these dry distilling products enter recovery system, first pass around rotation and catch tower, it is to reclaim oil droplet and big particle diameter dust by frame for movement that tower is caught in rotation, then dry distilling product enters indirect cool tower, indirect cool tower is by the recirculated cooling water being externally supplied and dry distilling gas indirect heat exchange, and this cools to about 40 DEG C to use Tahoua, by the condensation most shale oil of lowered temperature reclamation and condensed water.Use washing oil spray in the gas of low temperature enters oil-absorption tower, tower afterwards, utilize the similar principle mixed to reclaim the shale oil in gas further.Gas go out oil-absorption tower laggard enter low temperature electric fishing tower, make part gas spirit pool droplet under the effect of tower internal electric field power and reclaim, the dust of 99% in gas is got off along with shale oil recovery together simultaneously.The oil product unified entrance tank system of tower, indirect cool tower, oil-absorption tower, the recovery of low temperature electric fishing tower is mended in rotation.Low temperature electric fishing tower out after dry distilling gas be the low temperature gas after purifying, temperature is still 40 DEG C, at this moment enters back into gas exhaust blower and pressurizes, and temperature is warming up to 45 DEG C, and a point two-way delivers to regenerator heating furnace.Burning through gas desulphurization system, the combustor that removing hydrogen sulfide enters recuperative heater as fuel in one tunnel, a road is directly entered the regenerator of recuperative heater, with the gitter brick heat exchange in regenerator, enters gas retort after heat exchange to 680 DEG C.The fuel of heating furnace is made up of two parts, and one is the gas that system is self-produced, as fuel after purification, one be outer afterburning tile kilning this.Outer benefit gas as drive time fuel, also serve as shale oil content low time the self-produced gas of system cannot self-sufficient time supplementary fuel.Fuel is equipped with the air of 300 DEG C and produces the high-temperature flue gas of substantial amounts of about 1000 DEG C in combustion chambers burn, and these flue gases are lowered the temperature about 120 DEG C after regenerator with gitter brick heat exchange, discharge system from chimney.Above-mentioned whole process completes oil shale low temperature distillation refining, has obtained shale oil, and high efficiente callback system capacity, completes granule wax shale air heat and carries distillation process.
Claims (2)
1. a little granule shale gas heat carrier distillation process, comprises the steps:
1. raw ore processes: the mine shale of 0mm-20mm is processed as the little granule shale of 0mm-12mm after crushing and screening；
2. it is dried selecting crude drugs with winnower: sent into by step 1. gained little granule shale and be dried aidr bells blast system and be passed through heat smoke, carries out sieving, being dried and selecting crude drugs with winnower process；Heat smoke after cooling is discharged from chimney after desulphurization denitration；The powder shale of selecting crude drugs with winnower 0mm-1mm out sends into semicoke incineration stove；
3. destructive distillation oil refining: the little granule shale of step 2. selecting crude drugs with winnower gained 80 DEG C-100 DEG C, 1mm-12mm is sent into gas retort, completes dry distilling at a temperature of 550 DEG C, obtain dry distilling gas, shale oil and shale semicockes dry distilling product；
4. product reclaims: through rotation, step 3. gained dry distilling gas and shale oil being caught tower, indirect cool tower, oil-absorption tower and low temperature electric fishing successively and carries out Oil Recovery and the purification of dry distilling gas, gained oil product sends into oil tank；The low temperature pure dry distilling gas caught out from low temp. electric is after gas exhaust blower pressurizes, and a road is sent into recuperative heater combustor with outer afterburning tile kilning together with this after gas desulfurization and burnt；Recuperative heater regenerator heat exchange is sent into 680 DEG C of entrance gas retorts in another road；Shale semicockes send into semicoke incineration stove；
5. burn and take heat: enter the powder shale of the shale semicockes in semicoke incineration stove and 0mm-1mm and in stove, carry out burning generate 800-900 DEG C of shale lime-ash, and release and send 800-900 DEG C of heat smoke；Wherein heat smoke removing dust device dedusting after entering heat exchanger heat exchange, is sent to be dried aidr bells blast system；Discharge through deslagging belt after the road air heat-exchange that shale lime-ash entrance lag cooler and air blower are sent, point two-way after air removing dust device dedusting after heat exchange, one tunnel feeding recuperative heater combustor is as burning wind, and another road also serves as heat smoke and is sent to be dried aidr bells blast system；Another road air that air blower is sent through with heat exchanger heat exchange after, enter semicoke incineration stove as burning wind.
One the most according to claim 1 little granule shale gas heat carrier distillation process, it is characterized in that: dry aidr bells blast system is to utilize multilamellar mechanical vibration mode, shale supplied materials is processed, whole system is totally-enclosed, while carrying out shale screening, it is passed through heat smoke from bottom inversely contact with shale, being dried it, can be taken away by dust granules again simultaneously, whole system has screening, dry, three functions of selecting crude drugs with winnower.
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| CN104498071B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-08-17 | 北票北塔油页岩综合开发利用有限公司 | The heating means of accumulation of heat intermittent-heating stove in oil shale retorting oil refining |
| CN105567276B (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2021-05-07 | 北京国电富通科技发展有限责任公司 | Oil shale/low-rank coal dry distillation process and device |
| CN108504371A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-09-07 | 抚顺矿业集团有限责任公司工程技术研究中心 | A kind of waste tire recovery and treatment method based on shale retorting system |
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| US4515679A (en) * | 1982-12-20 | 1985-05-07 | Union Oil Company Of California | Process for retorting oil shale with fluidized retorting of shale fines |
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| CN101942313A (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2011-01-12 | 沈阳成大弘晟能源研究院有限公司 | Huadian type process and device for dry distillation of oil shale |
| CN102134498A (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2011-07-27 | 吴启成 | Process and device for dry distillation of oil shale with low gas content |
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