CN102134498A - Process and device for dry distillation of oil shale with low gas content - Google Patents
Process and device for dry distillation of oil shale with low gas content Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102134498A CN102134498A CN2011100284103A CN201110028410A CN102134498A CN 102134498 A CN102134498 A CN 102134498A CN 2011100284103 A CN2011100284103 A CN 2011100284103A CN 201110028410 A CN201110028410 A CN 201110028410A CN 102134498 A CN102134498 A CN 102134498A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- oil
- shale
- regenerative heater
- destructive distillation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a process and a device for dry distillation refining of oil shale with low gas content, low fixed carbon content and low water content. The invention is characterized in that: tiny dust in the oil shale is removed by a vibration deduster; gas generated through dry distillation serves as a heat carrier for dry distillation refining of the oil shale; and the gas is heated and cycled by an external combustion regenerative heating furnace. The process flow comprises the following steps of: crushing and screening; grading and warehousing; purifying and dedusting; performing dry distillation refining; condensing and collecting oil; heating the gas; and desulfurizing flue gas. The device for dry distillation refining is an optimized combination of general equipment and proprietary equipment, and the oil recovery rate is over 85 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technology and device that the low resinous shale of air content is carried out destructive distillation oil refining.
Background technology
Different qualities resinous shale need be with different distillation process, in other words, different distillation process can only use in certain scope.Data shows that the air content in the resinous shale differs greatly, and between 1%～30%, the air content in the resinous shale of the overwhelming majority is usually between 3%～6% usually for the air content in the resinous shale of China.When methane gas content in the resinous shale is low, wait destructive distillation oil refining if still apply mechanically Fushun technology, Maoming technology, Huadian technology simply, effect can be very poor, and oil recovery rate can be very low, make destructive distillation oil refining not have economic benefit, even the basic running of system is not got up.For example the average oil length of the resinous shale of Jimusar, Xinjiang is about 7%, and surface water content about 2% is a kind of quality resinous shale preferably.But only about 2%, fixed carbon content is also low, is lower than 3% for this resinous shale methane gas content.If this resinous shale is adopted Fushun technology destructive distillation oil refining, because of methane gas content, fixed carbon content in the resinous shale all very low, when gas retort burning zone generation combustion reactions, rely on burning methane gas and fixed carbon can not keep the thermal equilibrium of gas retort, certainly will be burnt by some oil.According to measuring and calculating, oil-collecting ratio is very low, can only reach about 40%, does not have economic benefit.If adopt Maoming technology, Maoming technology is the gas combustion process, the methane gas that mainly relies on the burning destructive distillation generation of gas retort bottom is heated to resinous shale pyrogenous temperature (about 550 ℃) can take place, but because gas is narrow-minded, therefore resinous shale can not be heated to pyrolysis temperature, technology is untenable.If adopt Huadian technology, Huadian technology is recycle to extinction technology, mainly is with destructive distillation gas thermal barrier to be heated to about 700 ℃ to feed gas retort, make resinous shale generation destructive distillation, but because gas is narrow-minded, thermal barrier can not be heated to about 700 ℃ in process furnace, technology can not be set up.The flow process of Huadian technology is seen Fig. 1.The flow process of concrete technology is: ore reduction screening, classification are put in storage, drying and preheating, grading dry distillation, condensation recovery, gas desulfurization, gas heating.Its gas heating is divided into the secondary heating, the first step is the semi-coke gas multifuel combustion stove, uses the tubular heat exchanger heat exchange, circulating mash gas can be heated to about 500 ℃, the first step is regenerative heater, also uses the tubular heat exchanger heat exchange, circulating mash gas can be heated to about 700 ℃ from 500 ℃.The fuel that the first step is used is gas as semicoke and gas, the fuel that use the second stage.Resinous shale as the Jimusar, Xinjiang uses this process furnace to come heating cycle gas, and this gas content of invar only about 2% can't be heated to circulating mash gas about 700 ℃, and technology is untenable.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of technology and device of new oil shale retorting oil refining, methane gas content is less than 4% in resinous shale, fixed carbon content is lower than 4%, can not when providing enough heats, process furnace still can use the technology and the device of the higher gas full-circulation oil-shale destructive distillation oil refining of oil recovery rate.Concrete process program is:
One kind methane gas content is few, fixed carbon content is low, can not carry out the gas recycle to extinction distillation process of destructive distillation oil refining to resinous shale when thermal circulation gas provides enough heats in the resinous shale.It is characterized in that: remove micronic dust in the resinous shale with the vibration fly-ash separator, the methane gas that produces with destructive distillation is as the thermal barrier of oil shale retorting oil refining, with external combustion type regenerative heater heating cycle gas.Fig. 2 is seen in its technical process.Specific procedure is:
A. crushing and screening: the specification that ore reduction is become to meet the gas retort processing requirement;
B. classification is put in storage: send into different feed bin stored for future use by the ore delivery system respectively by the specification of ore;
C. purifying and dedusting: will stick to the micronic dust on resinous shale surface and remove with the vibration fly-ash separator less than the small-particle of 2mm;
D. destructive distillation oil refining: the resinous shale of the specification that meets the gas retort processing requirement of cloth system after with purifying and dedusting is sent into and is carried out destructive distillation in the gas retort.Thermal barrier is the thermal circulation gas that is heated to about 700 ℃.The oil gas that destructive distillation produces is discharged from gas retort top.
E. oil is received in condensation: the water spray, cooling tower revolves and catches device, equipment such as electric fishing device carry out oil and gas and water from, reclaim shale oil.Methane gas behind the recovery shale oil is sent into gas holder and is stored.
F. gas heating: with the external combustion type regenerative heater methane gas is heated to and sends into gas retort about 700 ℃ and recycle as the destructive distillation thermal barrier.
G. flue gas desulfurization: the flue gas that regenerative heater is discharged carries out desulfurization, sends into smoke stack emission after up to standard.
2, described a kind of technology to the low oil shale distillation of gas bearing capacity is characterized in that: first dedusting, back destructive distillation.To stick to the micronic dust on resinous shale surface and remove with the vibration fly-ash separator less than the small-particle of 2mm; Traditional oil shale distillation process is all taked to carry out dedusting at the gas retort rear portion, shale oil and micronic dust unavoidably occur and mixes, and generates a large amount of greasy filth, causes oil recovery rate to descend, and pollutent increases; Technology of the present invention was taked before resinous shale enters gas retort, will stick to the micronic dust on resinous shale surface and the measure of removing less than the small-particle of 2mm with the vibration fly-ash separator earlier.During oil shale retorting oil refining, the micronic dust generating capacity significantly reduces, thereby the greasy filth growing amount significantly reduces the oil recovery rate raising.
3, described a kind of technology to the low oil shale distillation of gas bearing capacity is characterized in that: with the external combustion type regenerative heater circulating mash gas is heated; With solid fuel (coal or resinous shale etc.), geseous fuel (gas etc.) burns in the dry gas stove, the high-temperature flue gas that burning produces dissolves the low-temperature flue gas that regenerative heater is discharged, the flue gas that is mixed into 900 ℃～1100 ℃ is sent into regenerative heater, flue gas is heated to 800 ℃～1000 ℃ with checker brick, at this moment, the supply of cut-out flue gas, circulating mash gas about 40 ℃ enters from the regenerative heater bottom, the checker brick of having been accumulated heat are heated to 800 ℃～900 ℃, discharge from the top of regenerative heater, dissolve into about 40 ℃ cold gas and send into the gas retort dry rectificating oil shale about 700 ℃.Technical process is: the front side top of solid fuel (coal or resinous shale etc.) from the dry gas stove added, fall on the traveling-grate stoker, solid fuel burns on traveling-grate stoker and produces high-temperature flue gas, generally can reach about 1100 ℃～1300 ℃, high-temperature flue gas is drawn from the back upper place of dry gas stove, enters regenerative heater after the hot precipitator dedusting.High-temperature flue gas with the heating of the checker brick in the regenerative heater, is accumulated heat through regenerative heater the time, flue-gas temperature is lowered to below 250 ℃ and is drawn by induced draft fan, enters chimney.At this moment reversing valve action, the supply of cut-out flue gas, exhanst gas outlet becomes the inlet that is heated gas, after being heated gas and entering regenerative heater, absorb the heat of accumulating in the checker brick, temperature rises to more than 800 ℃, discharges from the gas discharge outlet that is heated that is arranged on regenerative heater top, is sent to the place that production needs.Rear portion configuration two or three regenerative heaters of a dry gas stove are taked the operation scheme of " burns send " or " sending ".Assurance meets the thermal barrier of processing requirement to gas retort supply successive.The Controllable Temperature that thermal circulation gas is come out from regenerative heater is between 750 ℃～1100 ℃.The cold gas that can dissolve about an amount of 40 ℃ according to processing requirement is controlled at the temperature that thermal circulation gas enters gas retort between 650 ℃～700 ℃, satisfies the complete pyrogenous temperature requirement of resinous shale.The dry gas stove also can use liquid fuel or geseous fuel, when using liquid fuel or geseous fuel, in the dry gas stove fuel oil or fuel burner nozzle can be installed.
4, described a kind of technology to the low oil shale distillation of gas bearing capacity is characterized in that: the methane gas that produces with destructive distillation is as the thermal barrier of oil shale retorting oil refining; Set up the circulating mash gas gas holder, take cumulative way progressively to satisfy the needs of systemic circulation amount, solve the problem of the few heating cycle gas shortage of heat of this tolerance of invar with outer concurrent heating source.In traditional oil shale distillation process, the thermal barrier of destructive distillation oil refining is actually the mixed gas of the destructive distillation methane gas that produces and the generation flue gas that burns, this mixed gas is because the methane gas thermal capacity that the ratio of heat capacities destructive distillation produces is little by 30%～50%, therefore, when being used as the thermal barrier of destructive distillation oil refining, its volume is bigger by 30%～50% than destructive distillation gas, correspondingly, it is big by 30%～50% that the plant capacity of oil recovery system and power consumption are also wanted, and investment and handling cost also can correspondingly increase.So the methane gas that produces with destructive distillation is optimal selection as the thermal barrier of oil shale retorting oil refining.Technology of the present invention is at the low resinous shale of gas bearing capacity, realize this optimal selection, take to set up the circulating mash gas gas holder, satisfy the needs of systemic circulation amount with cumulative way progressively, solve the problem that this tolerance of invar is lacked heating cycle gas shortage of heat with outer concurrent heating source, realized this optimal selection.
5, a kind of device of realizing described distillation process of the present invention is characterized in that: equipment and advanced patent equipment with conventional ripening carry out the effective optimization combination, form the suite of equipment that is suitable for the poor resinous shale of methane gas is carried out destructive distillation oil refining.Wherein, ore reduction screening, classification are put in storage, condensation is received oil, flue gas desulfurization etc. and adopted conventional ripening equipment; Purifying and dedusting, destructive distillation oil refining, the patent equipment that the gas heating then adopts the inventor to invent.Micronic dust with in the vibration fly-ash separator removal resinous shale with external combustion type regenerative heater heating cycle gas, comes dry rectificating oil shale with full circulation carbonization furnace.On the surface, seem little with Huadian formula technology difference, but because the supporting application of these key equipments, but make Huadian technology can not process the low gas content gauging shale of oil refining, after using technology of the present invention, can successfully carry out destructive distillation oil refining.
6, described external combustion type regenerative heater, patent application number are: 201110021858.2.Its structure is seen Fig. 3.The external combustion type regenerative heater is made up of dry gas stove and regenerative heater two portions, and the combustion chamber is arranged in the outside dry gas stove, and heat exchange is carried out in regenerative heater, is linked together by flue between dry gas stove and the regenerative heater.The side top of dry gas stove is provided with the hopper of coal, and the hopper bottom is provided with feeding machine.Dry gas stove bottom is provided with traveling-grate stoker, and the traveling-grate stoker bottom is a cinder chamber, and the cinder chamber bottom is provided with scraper conveyer.The back upper place of dry gas stove is provided with flue gas discharge opening, and flue gas discharge opening links to each other with regenerative heater by adapting pipe, returns the pipeline of converting low-temperature flue gas and links to each other with smoke discharge tube.Regenerative heater is that a top is hemispheric upright cylinder.Inwall is a refractory brick, and the outside is surrounded by steel plate.The inlet of high-temperature flue gas is arranged at the top of regenerative heater, and fill with checker brick the inside of regenerative heater, and the checker brick bottom is provided with stove Definition.Exhanst gas outlet is arranged at the bottom of stove Definition.Exhanst gas outlet is connected with reversing valve by pipeline.The reversing valve two ends connect smoke discharge tube respectively and are heated gas and enter pipe.Be heated the top that gas outlet pipe is arranged at regenerative heater.The top of regenerative heater is provided with safety valve, and the bottom of regenerative heater is provided with cinder chamber, is provided with scraper conveyer in the cinder chamber.When ash content is high in the flue gas, between dry gas stove and regenerative heater, can increase fly-ash separator.
7, described vibration fly-ash separator patent application number is: 201020671265.1.Its connecting mode and structure are seen Fig. 4, Fig. 5.Establish three layers of vibrating bed in the fly-ash separator, air enters from the fly-ash separator bottom, utilizes the vibrating mixed flow principle that micronic dust is removed.
8, described full circulation carbonization furnace patent of invention number is: ZL200810228891.0ZL200810228892.5.The structure of macrobead carbonization furnace is seen Fig. 6, can process the resinous shale of 6mm～50mm, and the structure of granule wax shale destructive distillation stove is seen Fig. 7, can process the resinous shale of 0～25mm.Its common principle of work is with the thermal barrier of destructive distillation gas as oil shale distillation, no combustion reactions in the stove, and thermal circulation gas enters from the gas retort middle part, resinous shale is clamped to 500 ℃～550 ℃ finishes destructive distillation.
The present invention be a kind of special low for gas bearing capacity, fixed carbon content is low, the pyrogenous technology and the device of the resinous shale design that water content is low.It is applicable to that gas bearing capacity is lower than 4%, fixed carbon content is lower than 4%, and water content is lower than 5% oil shale retorting oil refining.No matter the resinous shale of quality adopts Fushun technology, Maoming technology like this, still Huadian technology waits destructive distillation oil refining, and effect is all very poor, and oil recovery rate can be very low, makes destructive distillation oil refining not have economic benefit, even the basic running of system is not got up.But adopt technology of the present invention and device to refine oil, oil recovery rate can reach more than 85%.The present invention mainly takes following technology to realize the purpose of inventing.
The one, the vibrating mixed flow dedusting technology.Because the resinous shale water content is low, the micronic dust that forms in the crushing and screening process sticks to the resinous shale surface, is difficult to remove with conventional screening and blowing method; Micronic dust is brought into oil recovery system by carbonizing gas after entering gas retort in company with resinous shale, becomes greasy filth.Not only reduce oil recovery rate, and formed source of pollution.Technology of the present invention is taked the vibrating mixed flow dedusting technology, and the micronic dust that sticks to the resinous shale surface can be removed before destructive distillation in advance, has reduced the generation of greasy filth, has guaranteed the normal operation of oil recovery system.
The 2nd, external combustion type accumulation of heat heating technique.Because it is low that resinous shale contains gas amount, fixed carbon content is low, adopt traditional internal combustion type regenerative heater, semi-coke gas multifuel combustion stove, Fushun formula circular furnace, formula side, Maoming stove etc. all can not provide enough and can realize the complete pyrogenous thermal barrier of resinous shale, the technology of oil shale retorting oil refining can not be run well to gas retort.Technology of the present invention is taked external combustion type accumulation of heat heating technique.Not only guaranteed the safe reliability of heating cycle gas in regenerative heater, and solved the gas amount deficiency, can not satisfy the difficult problem of destructive distillation caloric requirement, made the recycle to extinction distillation process can steady running.
The 3rd, low-temperature flue gas returns the technology of converting.Usually, what burning produced is lower than 350 ℃ flue gas owing to utilize difficulty, generally all takes the way of discharging, and this a part of heat-energy losses accounts for 25%～35% of equipment thermal efficiency, is the major portion of process furnace calorific loss.The low-temperature flue gas that technology of the present invention is taked returns the technology of converting, and the low-temperature flue gas of preparing discharging is originally returned be blended into high-temperature flue gas, is used for heating the checker brick in the regenerative heater, and its advantage has three.The one, reclaimed the heat of discharging flue gas, improved device heat efficiency; The 2nd, the temperature of high-temperature flue gas is reduced to below 1100 ℃ after converting owing to return, with the circulating mash gas heat exchange time, make the alkanes substance in the gas take place to divide parsing charcoal phenomenon to reduce, reduced and hung Jiao on the checker brick in service, influence the heat-transfer effect phenomenon cycle of operation of having improved regenerative heater takes place; The 3rd, reduced exhaust smoke level, reduced the treatment capacity of flue gas desulfurization, the corresponding quantity discharged that has reduced investment and pollutent.
The 4th, the gas full-circulation oil-shale retorting technique.The gas full-circulation oil-shale retorting technique is the state-of-the-art retorting technique of present oil shale distillation industry, the oil recovery rate of gas retort can reach more than 90%, but the use of this Technology needs certain condition, mainly be that coal mine gas content in the resinous shale should be not less than 4.5%, can satisfy the thermally equilibrated needs of gas retort.Generally, when coal mine gas content is lower than 4%,, can not use this technology because of not guaranteeing the thermal equilibrium of gas retort.Technology of the present invention after technology of the present invention is taked above several technology, can satisfy the thermally equilibrated needs of gas retort, so can be used full circulation carbonization furnace.
Technology of the present invention is integrated use and the optimum combination that vibrating mixed flow dedusting technology, external combustion type accumulation of heat heating technique, low-temperature flue gas return the technology of converting, gas full-circulation oil-shale retorting technique.It is compared with traditional Fushun formula distillation process, Maoming formula distillation process, Huadian formula distillation process, has following tangible advantage.
1, adaptability is strong.That oil shale retorting oil refining technology of the present invention is applicable to is low to gas bearing capacity, fixed carbon content is low, and the resinous shale that water content is low carries out destructive distillation oil refining.Generally, when using Fushun formula distillation process, Maoming formula distillation process, Huadian formula distillation process, the very low resinous shale that maybe can not carry out destructive distillation oil refining of oil recovery rate all can use technology of the present invention.
2, the fuel scope of application is wide.When using oil shale retorting oil refining technology of the present invention, because the external combustion type regenerative heater that added thermal recovery to circulating mash gas, this process furnace can use solid fuel, liquid fuel, also can using gas fuel, and very strong to the adaptability of fuel.And the process furnace of other technologies, in principle can only using gas fuel.
3, simplified the technical process of destructive distillation oil refining.The internal combustion type regenerative heater of traditional technology can only use gas to act as a fuel, when gas bearing capacity in the resinous shale needs at first coal to be made coal gas in producer after a little while, send in the regenerative heater after again the coal gas cooling being purified and burn, the homogeneity of coal gas and air mixed when being the assurance burning before gas-fired, need burn stove and give burning giving, after combustion processes finishes,, need purge regenerative heater for preventing blast.Can produce pollutents such as waste water, waste oil mud during coal gas is produced again, need purifying treatment.These have all increased the complexity of technology.And when using oil shale retorting oil refining technology of the present invention, these technological processs do not need, and have simplified technical process greatly, have improved efficient.
4, security, the reliability of operation have been increased.Traditional technology, particularly produce coal gas craft with producer, producer gas generator and regenerative heater are in operation all gas combustion, air admission is arranged, the possibility of blasting is all arranged, Fushun formula distillation process, Maoming formula distillation process have combustion processes in gas retort, all contain oxygen in the carbonizing gas, and the record of blasting is also arranged.And the dry gas stove in the oil shale retorting oil refining technology of the present invention is to burn coal, the possibility of not blasting, not burning in the regenerative heater, has only heat exchange, usually also can not blast, the oxygen level that enters in the thermal circulation gas of gas retort is zero, the possibility of not blasting.The security of whole oil shale retorting oil refining technology and the reliability of use are increased greatly.Can realize long-period stable operation.
5, improved environmental-protecting performance.Before entering gas retort, resinous shale carried out the purifying and dedusting processing in the oil shale retorting oil refining technology of the present invention, do not use producer to produce coal gas in the mash gas heating technology, produce pollutents such as greasy filth, waste water, flue dust in the technology, and adopted low-temperature flue gas to return the technology of converting, exhaust smoke level is significantly reduced.Compare with traditional technology, pollutant emission reduces relatively, has improved the feature of environmental protection of technology, has alleviated the pressure and the input of cleaner production.
6, saved investment.Oil shale retorting oil refining technology of the present invention is owing to simplified the technical process of destructive distillation oil refining, reduced the growing amount of pollutent in the destructive distillation oil refining process, treatment capacity makes the treatment capacity of oil recovery system drop to minimum, compare with traditional destructive distillation oil refining process, construction investment is saved greatly.For example, build 8,000,000 tons of projects of a handling oil shale, can reduce investment outlay about 300,000,000 yuan.Wherein, facility investment is saved 1.8 hundred million yuan, and the pipeline investment is saved 0.5 hundred million yuan, and construction investment is saved 0.7 hundred million yuan.
7, reduced the operational management cost.Because the simplification of technology and equipment, thermo-efficiency improves, and power consumption reduces, and operation the operations staff reduce, and oil shale retorting oil refining process operating management cost of the present invention also will reduce significantly.
8, can reduce requirement to operational management personnel level of skill.Traditional oils shale retorting oil refining process relative complex, controlled variable is more, and operates the bad blast that is easy to generate, and certain risk is arranged.To having relatively high expectations of operational management personnel level of skill; And oil shale retorting oil refining technology of the present invention is simple relatively, and controlled variable is less, and is even misoperation can not produce blast yet, not dangerous.Requirement to operational management personnel level of skill is lower, and this is significant for remote and backwoodsman construction project.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a Huadian formula oil shale retorting oil refining process flow sheet;
Fig. 2 is an oil shale retorting oil refining process flow sheet of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is an external combustion type regenerative heater structural representation; Each several part is respectively shown in the figure: hopper 101, feeding machine 102, traveling-grate stoker 103, dry gas stove scraper conveyer 104, dry gas stove 105, dry gas kiln gas vent pipe 106, adapting pipe 107, safety valve 108, regenerative heater 109, refractory brick 110, steel plate 111, hot gas relief outlet 112, checker brick 113, regenerative furnace stove Definition 114, regenerative furnace flue gas discharge opening 115, cold gas inlet pipe 116, low-temperature flue gas vent pipe 117, reversing valve 118, regenerative furnace scraper conveyer 119, regenerative furnace cinder chamber 120, dry gas ashes grit chamber 121.
Fig. 4 is the connecting mode synoptic diagram of vibration fly-ash separator; Each several part is respectively shown in the figure: hopper 201, feeding machine 202, fly-ash separator body 203, multilayer vibrating bed 204, gas blower 205, air intlet 206, discharge machine 207, discharge travelling belt 208, gas outlet pipe road 209, sack cleaner 210, induced draft fan 211, chimney 212.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of vibration fly-ash separator; Each several part is respectively shown in the figure: hopper 201, feeding machine 202, fly-ash separator body 203, multilayer vibrating bed 204, gas blower 205, air intlet 206, discharge machine 207, discharge travelling belt 208, gas outlet pipe road 209.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of macrobead carbonization furnace; Each several part is respectively shown in the figure: refractory brick 301; Steel plate 302; Hopper 303; Feed valve 304; Battle array umbrella 305; Carbonizing gas delivery line 306; Herring-bone plate washer 307, ancient cooking vessel shape device 308, thermal circulation gas inlet pipe 309; Tracery wall 310, cold circulating mash gas inlet pipe 311; Watercooling jacket 312; Blow-off valve 314, scraper conveyer 315, water seal tank 316;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of granule wax shale destructive distillation stove; Each several part is respectively shown in the figure: 501 carbonizing gas delivery lines; 502 vibrating beds; 503 refractory brick; 504 steel plates; 505 hot gas imports; 506 vibrating motors; 507 hoppers; 508 feed valves; 509 cold gas imports; 510 blow-off valves;
Embodiment
Technical process of the present invention has mainly reflected the flow process of this novel process as shown in Figure 2 among the figure, be successively: ore reduction screening, classification are put in storage, purifying and dedusting, destructive distillation oil refining, and oil, gas heating, flue gas desulfurization are received in condensation.Specific embodiment is: ore reduction is sieved the specification that becomes to meet the gas retort processing requirement.Generally, crushing and screening becomes 0～6mm, the specification of 6～20mm, 20～50mm; Send into different feed bin stored for future use by the ore delivery system respectively by the specification of ore; When gas retort is worked, earlier resinous shale is sent into vibration fly-ash separator purifying and dedusting.In the vibration fly-ash separator, resinous shale adds from top, falls on the vibrating bed, successively falls, and air enters from the bottom that vibrates fly-ash separator and sufficient mixed flow takes place resinous shale, will stick to the micronic dust on resinous shale surface and remove less than the small-particle of 2mm; The resinous shale of the specification that meet gas retort processing requirement of cloth system after with purifying and dedusting is sent into and is carried out destructive distillation in the gas retort.Thermal barrier is the thermal circulation gas that is heated to about 700 ℃.Resinous shale is heated to 520 ℃～550 ℃ in gas retort, realize complete destructive distillation.The oil gas that destructive distillation produces is discharged from gas retort top, and outflow temperature is 100 ℃～120 ℃.The oil gas that destructive distillation produces enters oil recovery system, and through the water spray, cooling tower revolves and catches device, equipment such as electric fishing device carry out oil and gas and water from, reclaim shale oil.Methane gas behind the receipts oil enters gas holder and stores stand-by.The thermal barrier that destructive distillation is used---thermal circulation gas heats in the external combustion type regenerative heater.The residue gas that coal combustion and destructive distillation produce in the dry gas stove at first, the high-temperature flue gas that produces returns converts the low-temperature flue gas that a part of regenerative heater is discharged, with of the checker brick heating of mixed 900 ℃～1100 ℃ flue gases with regenerative heater, circulating mash gas about 40 ℃ enters from the regenerative heater bottom, is heated to by the checker brick after the accumulation of heat and sends into gas retort about 650 ℃～750 ℃ and recycle.The flue gas that regenerative heater is discharged carries out desulfurization, back up to standard discharging.
Implement technology of the present invention importantly, the external combustion type regenerative heater should provide stable, q.s, the thermal circulation gas of temperature about 700 ℃ to gas retort.For realizing this processing requirement, rear portion configuration two or three regenerative heaters of a dry gas stove are taked the operation scheme of " burns send " or " two send a burning ".Assurance meets the thermal barrier of processing requirement to gas retort supply successive.The Controllable Temperature that thermal circulation gas is come out from regenerative heater is between 750 ℃～1100 ℃.Can dissolve cold gas about an amount of 40 ℃ according to processing requirement, the temperature that enters the thermal circulation gas of gas retort is controlled between 650 ℃～750 ℃, satisfy the complete pyrogenous temperature requirement of resinous shale.The dry gas stove also can use liquid fuel or geseous fuel, when using liquid fuel or geseous fuel, in the dry gas stove fuel oil or fuel burner nozzle can be installed.
The height of process heat efficient of the present invention is relevant with the amount that the funnel temperature of regenerative heater reaches back the low-temperature flue gas of converting the regenerative heater discharge.Return that to convert the low-temperature flue gas amount many more, exhaust smoke level is more little, and thermo-efficiency is high more; Funnel temperature is low more, and thermo-efficiency is high more.Because the present invention has adopted heat storage technology, funnel temperature can fall very lowly, but in order to prevent the corrosion to equipment, generally can not be lower than dew point, is advisable to be not less than 150 ℃.
The oxygen level in the flue gas is depended in the security of the external combustion type regenerative heater that technology of the present invention is used, and when generally excess air coefficient was in 1.3 left and right sides when the dry gas stove is coal-fired, oxygen level was lower than 4% in the flue gas, and operation is safe.But in order to prevent mishap and mishandle, improve the safety control degree, be in operation, the oxygen level in the reply flue gas is carried out on-line monitoring, surpasses 5% o'clock reply regenerative heater and takes corresponding measures such as purging.
The key equipment that technology of the present invention is used is external combustion type regenerative heater, oscillatory type fly-ash separator and full circulation carbonization furnace.Its structure is seen Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 respectively.
Fig. 3 is an external combustion type accumulation of heat heating arrangement synoptic diagram.Described external combustion type regenerative heater is made up of dry gas stove 105 and regenerative heater 109 two portions, is linked together by duct coupling 107 between dry gas stove and the regenerative heater.Regenerative heater 109 is that a top is hemispheric upright cylinder.Inwall is a refractory brick 110, and the outside is surrounded by steel plate 111, fills checker brick 113 in the furnace chamber.When production run, coal adds from the hopper 101 above the front side that is arranged at dry gas stove 105, be added on the traveling-grate stoker 103 through feeding machine 102, coal burns on traveling-grate stoker and produces high-temperature flue gas, reach more than 1100 ℃, high-temperature flue gas is drawn through vent pipe 106 from the back upper place of dry gas stove 105, vent pipe 106 is provided with low-temperature flue gas and dissolves pipe 132, the flue gas that is lower than 250 ℃ enters thus, high-temperature flue gas is dissolved the temperature of the arts demand that becomes to be lower than 1100 ℃, and the high-temperature flue gas after dissolving enters regenerative heater 109 by adapting pipe 107.High-temperature flue gas is heated to 900 ℃～1100 ℃ with the checker brick in the regenerative heater 113 through regenerative heater the time, flue-gas temperature is lowered to below 250 ℃ and draws from low-temperature flue gas relief outlet 115, enters chimney.At this moment reversing valve 116 actions, the supply of cut-out flue gas, low-temperature flue gas relief outlet 115 becomes the inlet of cold gas, after cold gas enters regenerative heater, absorb the heat of accumulating in the checker brick 113, the temperature of cold methane gas rises to about 700 ℃～1100 ℃, discharges from the hot methane gas relief outlet 112 that is arranged on regenerative heater top, is sent to the place that production needs.Coal falls into the dry gas ashes grit chamber 121 that is arranged on the traveling-grate stoker bottom after burning on the traveling-grate stoker 103, the dust in the flue gas also falls into dry gas ashes grit chamber 121, and 121 bottoms, dry gas ashes grit chamber are provided with dry gas stove scraper conveyer 104, and lime-ash is discharged out of the furnace.The bottom of regenerative heater 109 is provided with cinder chamber 120, and flue gas falls into regenerative furnace cinder chamber 120 through the dust behind the regenerative heater 109, and regenerative furnace cinder chamber 120 bottoms are provided with regenerative furnace scraper conveyer 119, and lime-ash is discharged out of the furnace.
Fig. 4, Fig. 5 are oscillatory type fly-ash separator figure connecting mode and structural representation.The hopper 201 of described oscillatory type fly-ash separator is arranged on the top of fly-ash separator body 203, and hopper 201 bottoms are provided with the inside that feeding machine 202, multilayer vibrating bed 204 are arranged on fly-ash separator body 203, and the number of plies of vibrating bed is generally established 3 layers.Vibrating bed is arranged by " Z " font.Lay sieve plate on the vibrating bed, have sieve aperture on the sieve plate.Gas (air, flue gas or other gas) import 206 is arranged on the bottom of fly-ash separator body 203, discharge machine 207 is arranged on the bottom of fly-ash separator body 203, discharge machine 207 bottoms are provided with discharge travelling belt 208, and the top of fly-ash separator body 203 is provided with gas outlet pipe road 209.The gas that contains micronic dust gathers dust from entering sack cleaner 210 after pipeline 209 is discharged, and the flue gas after gathering dust is drawn by induced draft fan 211, discharges through chimney 212.
Fig. 6 is a macrobead gas retort structural representation.Described macrobead gas retort can destructive distillation 6～70mm resinous shale.Described macrobead gas retort comprises cloth and distribution device in body of heater, feeding device, oil gas take-up gear, the stove, semicoke refrigerating unit and ash exhauster.Described body of heater is by refractory brick 301 thorough one-tenth, and steel plate 302 is wrapped in the outside; Described feeding device is arranged at the top of body of heater, forms 304 by hopper 303, feed valve; Described oil gas take-up gear is made up of the battle array umbrella 305 and the carbonizing gas delivery line 306 that are arranged at stove top; Cloth and distribution device are made up of the herring-bone plate washer 307, ancient cooking vessel shape device 308, the thermal circulation gas inlet pipe 309 that are arranged at the stove middle part in the described stove; Described semicoke refrigerating unit is located at the bottom of stove, is made up of tracery wall 310, cold circulating mash gas inlet pipe 311 and watercooling jacket 312; Described ash exhauster is made up of blow-off valve 314, scraper conveyer 315, water seal tank 316.Resinous shale adds in the stove through feed valve 304 from gas retort top hopper 303, resinous shale in dropping process owing to evenly divided Fabric as the effect of herring-bone plate washer 307, ancient cooking vessel shape device 308,700 ℃ circulating mash gas as thermal barrier enters from the gas retort middle part through thermal circulation gas inlet pipe 309, along the outside ejection of the periphery of ancient cooking vessel shape device 308 resinous shale is carried out destructive distillation, the oil gas that destructive distillation produces is discharged from gas retort top through carbonizing gas delivery line 306 after battle array umbrella 305 is collected again.38 ℃ cold circulating mash gas and 20 ℃ water coolant enter from the cold circulating mash gas inlet pipe 311 and the watercooling jacket 312 of the bottom that is arranged at stove, temperature reaches more than 400 ℃ behind the cold circulation watt absorption semicoke heat, have the top ejection of the ancient cooking vessel shape device 308 of pore from the top, to the resinous shale heating that heats up.Recirculated water is heated to about 70 ℃ in the cooling semicoke in the watercooling jacket 312, is sent to the hot water station and uses.Semicoke after being cooled enters water seal tank 316 from the stove bottom by blow-off valve 314, is cooled to 80 ℃ through scraper conveyer 315 discharges.
Fig. 7 is a granule destructive distillation furnace structure synoptic diagram.Described granule destructive distillation stove can destructive distillation 0～25mm resinous shale.501 oil gas take-up gears, 502 vibrating beds, 503 refractory brick, 504 steel plates, 505 thermal circulation gas imports, 506 vibrating motors, 507 hoppers, 508 feed valves, 509 cold gas imports, 510 blow-off valves.Described granule destructive distillation furnace body is by refractory brick 503 thorough one-tenth, and steel plate 504 is wrapped in the outside; Feeding device is arranged at the top of body of heater, is made up of hopper 506, feed valve 507; Oil gas take-up gear 501 is by being arranged at stove top; Nine layers of vibrating bed 502 in the gas retort, thermal circulation gas enters gas retort from 505; Cold circulating mash gas enters gas retort from lower inlet 509; Blow-off valve 510 is arranged at the bottom of body of heater.In resinous shale adds stove from gas retort top, enter from the gas retort middle part as the thermal circulation gas of thermal barrier, the oil gas that destructive distillation produces is discharged from gas retort top, and cold circulating mash gas enters from the bottom of stove, and the semicoke after being cooled is discharged from the stove bottom.
Other equipment of destructive distillation oil refining of the present invention and device are stdn or general-purpose equipment common on the market, as: water pump, blower fan, revolve and catch device, electric fishing device, rotary conveyor, crusher etc., can select for use as required, here introduction one by one.Notice in concrete the enforcement that specification, model, parameter are wanted and the technology coupling, having inflammable gas will select explosion-proof type equipment for use where.
Claims (9)
1. gas recycle to extinction distillation process that resinous shale is carried out destructive distillation oil refining, it is characterized in that: with the micronic dust in the vibration fly-ash separator removal resinous shale, the methane gas that produces with destructive distillation is as the thermal barrier of oil shale retorting oil refining, with external combustion type regenerative heater heating cycle gas; Its technical process is:
A. crushing and screening: the specification that ore reduction is become to meet the gas retort processing requirement;
B. classification is put in storage: send into different feed bin stored for future use by the ore delivery system respectively by the specification of ore;
C. purifying and dedusting: will stick to the micronic dust on resinous shale surface and remove less than the small-particle of 2mm with the vibration fly-ash separator;
D. destructive distillation oil refining: the resinous shale of the specification that meets the gas retort processing requirement of cloth system after with purifying and dedusting is sent into and is carried out destructive distillation in the gas retort, and thermal barrier is the thermal circulation gas that is heated to about 700 ℃, and the oil gas that destructive distillation produces is discharged from gas retort top;
E. oil is received in condensation: the water spray, cooling tower revolves and catches device, equipment such as electric fishing device carry out oil and gas and water from, reclaim shale oil, receive methane gas behind the oil and deliver to gas holder and store;
F. gas heating: with the external combustion type regenerative heater methane gas is heated to and sends into gas retort about 700 ℃ and recycle as the destructive distillation thermal barrier;
G. flue gas desulfurization: the flue gas that regenerative heater is discharged carries out desulfurization, back up to standard discharging.
2. the technology of oil shale distillation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: first dedusting, back destructive distillation will stick to the micronic dust on resinous shale surface and remove less than the small-particle of 2mm with the vibration fly-ash separator.
3. the technology of oil shale distillation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: with the external combustion type regenerative heater circulating mash gas is heated; Described external combustion type regenerative heater is made up of dry gas stove and regenerative heater two portions, the burning of fuel is carried out in the dry gas stove, the heat exchange of thermal barrier is carried out in regenerative heater, the low-temperature flue gas that the high-temperature flue gas that enters regenerative heater is discharged with regenerative heater dissolves, and the temperature after dissolving is lower than 1100 ℃.
4. the technology of oil shale distillation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: gas retort adopts the gas full circulation carbonization furnace, and the methane gas that produces with destructive distillation is as the thermal barrier of oil shale retorting oil refining, and the temperature that thermal barrier enters gas retort is about 700 ℃.
5. device of realizing described destructive distillation oil refining process of the present invention, it is characterized in that: equipment and advanced patent equipment with conventional ripening carry out the effective optimization combination, form the suite of equipment that is suitable for the poor resinous shale of methane gas is carried out destructive distillation oil refining; Wherein, ore reduction screening, classification are put in storage, condensation is received oil, flue gas desulfurization etc. and adopted conventional ripening equipment; Purifying and dedusting, destructive distillation oil refining, gas add the thermal recovery patent equipment.
6. dry distillation apparatus for oil shale according to claim 5 is characterized in that: use the micronic dust in the vibration fly-ash separator removal resinous shale before oil shale distillation earlier.
7. dry distillation apparatus for oil shale according to claim 5 is characterized in that: with external combustion type regenerative heater heating cycle gas; Described external combustion type regenerative heater, form by dry gas stove and regenerative heater two portions, the combustion chamber is arranged in the outside dry gas stove, heat exchange is carried out in regenerative heater, be linked together by flue between dry gas stove and the regenerative heater, return the pipeline of converting low-temperature flue gas and link to each other with smoke discharge tube.
8. dry distillation apparatus for oil shale according to claim 5 is characterized in that: come dry rectificating oil shale with full circulation carbonization furnace; Described full circulation carbonization furnace is divided into macrobead carbonization furnace and granule wax shale destructive distillation stove; The macrobead carbonization furnace can be processed the resinous shale of 6mm～50mm, and the granule wax shale destructive distillation stove can be processed the resinous shale of 0～25mm; Its common principle of work is with the thermal barrier of destructive distillation gas as oil shale distillation, no combustion reactions in the stove, and thermal circulation gas enters from the gas retort middle part, resinous shale is clamped to 500 ℃～550 ℃ finishes destructive distillation.
9. dry distillation apparatus for oil shale according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: rear portion configuration two or three regenerative heaters of a dry gas stove, take the operation scheme of " burns send " or " two send a burning ", meet the thermal barrier of processing requirement to gas retort supply successive.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100284103A CN102134498A (en) | 2011-01-27 | 2011-01-27 | Process and device for dry distillation of oil shale with low gas content |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100284103A CN102134498A (en) | 2011-01-27 | 2011-01-27 | Process and device for dry distillation of oil shale with low gas content |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102134498A true CN102134498A (en) | 2011-07-27 |
Family
ID=44294428
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100284103A Pending CN102134498A (en) | 2011-01-27 | 2011-01-27 | Process and device for dry distillation of oil shale with low gas content |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102134498A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102936508A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-02-20 | 龙口矿业集团有限公司 | Method and apparatus for oil refining by retorting oil shale with granularity of 8 mm-40 mm |
| CN103509570A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2014-01-15 | 北京低碳清洁能源研究所 | Carbonaceous material pyrolysis system and pyrolysis process thereof |
| CN103525447A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-01-22 | 长春北斗星集团有限公司 | External heating dry distillation method with self-generated dry distillation gas of oil shale as heat carrier |
| CN104004533A (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2014-08-27 | 抚顺矿业集团有限责任公司 | Granule shale gas heat carrier destructive distillation technology |
| CN102936508B (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2016-11-30 | 龙口矿业集团有限公司 | The method of 8mm 20mm granularity oil shale retorting oil refining |
| CN116333771A (en) * | 2023-05-10 | 2023-06-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Device and method for improving light oil yield of oil shale |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101381609A (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2009-03-11 | 沈阳成大弘晟能源研究院有限公司 | Gas full-circulation oil-shale grading dry distillation technique and apparatus |
| CN201269632Y (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2009-07-08 | 中冶东方工程技术有限公司上海分公司 | Heat accumulation type heating stove for heating inflammable gas to a high temperature |
| CN101942313A (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2011-01-12 | 沈阳成大弘晟能源研究院有限公司 | Huadian type process and device for dry distillation of oil shale |
-
2011
- 2011-01-27 CN CN2011100284103A patent/CN102134498A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201269632Y (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2009-07-08 | 中冶东方工程技术有限公司上海分公司 | Heat accumulation type heating stove for heating inflammable gas to a high temperature |
| CN101381609A (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2009-03-11 | 沈阳成大弘晟能源研究院有限公司 | Gas full-circulation oil-shale grading dry distillation technique and apparatus |
| CN101942313A (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2011-01-12 | 沈阳成大弘晟能源研究院有限公司 | Huadian type process and device for dry distillation of oil shale |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102936508A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-02-20 | 龙口矿业集团有限公司 | Method and apparatus for oil refining by retorting oil shale with granularity of 8 mm-40 mm |
| CN102936508B (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2016-11-30 | 龙口矿业集团有限公司 | The method of 8mm 20mm granularity oil shale retorting oil refining |
| CN103509570A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2014-01-15 | 北京低碳清洁能源研究所 | Carbonaceous material pyrolysis system and pyrolysis process thereof |
| CN103509570B (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2015-03-18 | 北京低碳清洁能源研究所 | Coal pyrolysis system and pyrolysis process thereof |
| CN103525447A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-01-22 | 长春北斗星集团有限公司 | External heating dry distillation method with self-generated dry distillation gas of oil shale as heat carrier |
| CN104004533A (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2014-08-27 | 抚顺矿业集团有限责任公司 | Granule shale gas heat carrier destructive distillation technology |
| CN104004533B (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2016-08-17 | 抚顺矿业集团有限责任公司 | A kind of little granule shale gas heat carrier distillation process |
| CN116333771A (en) * | 2023-05-10 | 2023-06-27 | 中国矿业大学 | Device and method for improving light oil yield of oil shale |
| CN116333771B (en) * | 2023-05-10 | 2023-10-20 | 中国矿业大学 | Device and method for improving light oil yield of oil shale |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101942313B (en) | Huadian type process and device for dry distillation of oil shale | |
| CN102433160B (en) | Control method for biomass gasification equipment | |
| CN101792675B (en) | Coke oven and coking process method | |
| CN105567267B (en) | The system and method for pyrolyzing coal | |
| CN104501171B (en) | Garbage derivatived fuel (RDF) pyrolysis gasification system | |
| CN102942943B (en) | Oil shale gas-solid heat carrier dry distillation and semicoke combustion electricity generation integral process | |
| CN104819470B (en) | A kind of biomass class solid waste and dangerous waste processing system | |
| CN107892932A (en) | A kind of technology with circulating gas destructive distillation low-order coal | |
| CN111621315A (en) | Pyrolysis process system for recycling waste plastics | |
| CN105694935B (en) | Dry distillation and activation integrated furnace for pulverized coal | |
| CN102134498A (en) | Process and device for dry distillation of oil shale with low gas content | |
| CN106493156A (en) | A kind of house refuse and the system and method for sludge mixed processing | |
| CN103917627A (en) | Process for dry cooling of coke with carbon dioxide with subsequent use of the carbon monoxide produced | |
| CN106493155A (en) | A kind of domestic garbage treating system and method | |
| CN107674691A (en) | A kind of system and method for domestic garbage resource | |
| CN102925180B (en) | Oil shale external heat radiation type retort | |
| CN110003929A (en) | A kind of method of coal gasification reduction and upgraded coal separation and recovery | |
| CN204756949U (en) | Device of preparation cobalt oxide manganese among follow PTA activated sludge | |
| CN208074962U (en) | A kind of modified form hazardous waste burn system | |
| CN115681928A (en) | Wind-solid coupling efficient waste heat recovery system applied to high-temperature steel slag | |
| CN110002443A (en) | The method for recycling preparing active carbon using waste heat flue gas drying powder coal and Sewage treatment | |
| CN107286966A (en) | A kind of solid garbage as resource Application way and system | |
| CN205313462U (en) | System for be arranged in low temperature dry distillation of coal | |
| CN209638994U (en) | A kind of soot blower system of heating pulverized-coal fired boiler | |
| CN105885952A (en) | Waste carbon recycling method and system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C12 | Rejection of a patent application after its publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20110727 |