CN103992567A - 具有耐辐射性能的核电站用阻燃高绝缘电缆料 - Google Patents

具有耐辐射性能的核电站用阻燃高绝缘电缆料 Download PDF

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CN103992567A
CN103992567A CN201410066061.8A CN201410066061A CN103992567A CN 103992567 A CN103992567 A CN 103992567A CN 201410066061 A CN201410066061 A CN 201410066061A CN 103992567 A CN103992567 A CN 103992567A
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单永东
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Cgnpc Delta (jiangsu) Plastic Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明一种具有耐辐射性能的核电站用阻燃高绝缘电缆料,由以下重量份的组分组成:三元乙丙共聚物100份,聚酰亚胺5~20份,氢氧化镁35~50份,二氧化硅24~32份,三氧化二锑18~26份,三氧化二铝4~9份,氧化锌8~10份,过氧化二异丙苯2~3.5份,三氧化二铁1.5~3.5份,氧化钙0.4~0.8份,氧化镁0.6~1份,2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体2.4~2.6份,2-巯基苯并咪唑2~3份,乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷1~3份,润滑剂0.5~5份。本发明提高了基材本身的耐辐射性能、耐热性能、高阻燃性能、高绝缘性能等综合性能,可以对绝缘料提高绝缘电阻提高二个次方,并不降低阻燃性能,简化了电缆加工工艺。

Description

具有耐辐射性能的核电站用阻燃高绝缘电缆料
技术领域
本发明涉及核电站用电缆料,尤其涉及具有耐辐射性能的核电站用阻燃高绝缘电缆料。 
背景技术
核能作为一种情结高效的能源得到了国家的高度重视和大力发展。核电站使用的电缆,特别是安全壳内使用的电缆,按三代AP1000型核电标准,需要在辐射环境下正常使用寿命60年,并在事故情况下或事故后,耐受大剂量辐射和高温、浸水、蒸汽等严酷条件能执行安全功能,还要求其绝缘芯线能够满足IEC60332-1的单根垂直燃烧试验和电缆的较高的绝缘电阻,这2个指标相互制约,高阻燃所需添加大量阻燃剂降低绝缘性能,高绝缘电阻需要尽量少添加阻燃剂以保持绝缘性能,以上问题一直是核电缆生产厂经常碰到的问题。目前,现有的绝缘线芯的结构是采用2层结构,内层绝缘是交联聚乙烯,用于提供绝缘性能,外层绝缘是高阻燃聚烯烃料,用于提供高阻燃性能;但是,存在以下技术问题:(1)生产工艺复杂,性能余度很小,经常会产生绝缘性能或者阻燃性能不合格的情况发生;(2)耐受大剂量辐射和高温、浸水、蒸汽性能较差。因此,如何设计一种单层结构的绝缘料,能大大提高绝缘电阻同时,并不降低阻燃性能,大大提高耐受大剂量辐射和高温、浸水、蒸汽性能,成为本领域普通技术人员努力的方向。 
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有耐辐射性能的核电站用阻燃高绝缘电缆料,该阻燃高绝缘电缆料改善阻燃性能的同时,既提高了绝缘性能,也提高了基材本身的耐辐射性能、耐热性能、高阻燃性能、高绝缘性能等综合性能,使核电站电缆的绝缘芯线使用单层结构就能够实现优良要求,简化了电缆加工工艺。 
为达到上述发明目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种具有耐辐射性能的核电站用阻燃高绝缘电缆料,所述阻燃高绝缘电缆料由以下重量份的组分组成: 
三元乙丙共聚物                    100份,
聚酰亚胺                          5~20份,
氢氧化镁                          35~50份,
二氧化硅                          24~32份,
三氧化二锑                        18~26份,
三氧化二铝                          4~9份,
氧化锌                            8~10份,
过氧化二异丙苯                    2~3.5份,
三氧化二铁                       1.5~3.5份,
氧化钙                           0.4~0.8份,
氧化镁                             0.6~1份,
2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体    2.4~2.6份,
2-巯基苯并咪唑                     2~3份,
乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷     1~3份,
润滑剂                             0.5~5份。
上述低烟无卤阻燃绝缘料的技术方案进一步改进的技术方案如下: 
1. 上述方案中,所述三元乙丙共聚物的门尼粘度ML(1+4)125℃≤45,共聚物的乙烯含量≥60%。
2. 上述方案中,所述润滑剂为PE蜡或者硅酮或者硬脂酸。 
3. 上述方案中,所述聚酰亚胺的平均粒径为10~20μm,所述氢氧化镁的平均粒径为0.8~1.5μm,所述三氧化二锑的平均粒径为0.5~2.5μm。 
由于上述技术方案的运用,本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点: 
1. 本发明具有耐辐射性能的核电站用阻燃高绝缘电缆料,其在三元乙丙共聚物100份、过氧化二异丙苯2~3.5份、氧化锌8~10份、氢氧化镁和三氧化二锑配方中通过添加聚酰亚胺,提高了基材本身的耐辐射性能、耐热性能、高阻燃性能、高绝缘性能等综合性能,也减少氢氧化镁和三氧化二锑使用量,提高了绝缘性能;其次,配方中加入乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷1~3份、润滑剂0.5~5份、氧化钙0.4~0.8份、 氧化镁0.6~1份提高产品的紧密度,排除材料微孔,改善了浸水、耐蒸汽性能,满足了核电绝缘料综合性能的要求。
2. 本发明具有耐辐射性能的核电站用阻燃高绝缘电缆料,其在三元乙丙共聚物100份、过氧化二异丙苯2~3.5份、氧化锌8~10份、氢氧化镁和三氧化二锑配方中通过添加聚酰亚胺,2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体2.4~2.6份, 2-巯基苯并咪唑2~3份,提高了绝缘性能同时,也改善阻燃性能;其次,配方中加入二氧化硅24~32份、三氧化二铝4~9份、三氧化二铁1.5~3.5份,可以对绝缘料提高绝缘电阻提高二个次方,并不降低阻燃性能,使核电站电缆的绝缘芯线使用单层结构就能够满足电缆的要求,简化了电缆加工工艺。 
3. 本发明具有耐辐射性能的核电站用阻燃高绝缘电缆料,其聚酰亚胺的平均粒径为10~20μm,氢氧化镁的平均粒径为0.8~1.5μm,所述三氧化二锑的平均粒径为0.5~2.5μm、煅烧陶土平均粒径为1~2μm,上述改性剂和填料如果粒径过细,则最终的混合物的伸长率偏低、流动性变差,不利于电缆挤出的加工工艺,如果粒径过大,则混合物的拉伸强度偏低,以及阻燃性、透光率等综合性能能变差并影响表面光洁细腻程度。 
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步描述: 
实施例1:一种具有耐辐射性能的核电站用阻燃高绝缘电缆料,所述阻燃高绝缘电缆料由以下重量份的组分组成:
三元乙丙共聚物                      100份,
聚酰亚胺                            12份,
氢氧化镁                            48份,
二氧化硅                            32份,
三氧化二锑                          20份,
三氧化二铝                          5份,
氧化锌                              10份,
过氧化二异丙苯                      2.5份,
三氧化二铁                          1.6份,
氧化钙                              0.7份,
氧化镁                              0.9份,
2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体      2.4份,
2-巯基苯并咪唑                       2.6份,
乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷       1份,
PE蜡                                 4份;
上述共聚物的门尼粘度ML(1+4)125℃≤45,所述共聚物的乙烯含量≥60%;
上述聚酰亚胺改性剂的平均粒径为10~20μm,上述氢氧化镁的平均粒径为0.8~1.5μm,所述三氧化二锑的平均粒径为0.5~2.5μm。
2、制备工艺 
第一步:将三元乙丙共聚物100份、聚酰亚胺12份、氢氧化镁48份、二氧化硅32份、三氧化二锑20份、三氧化二铝5份、氧化锌10份、三氧化二铁1.6份、氧化钙0.7份、氧化镁0.9份、2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体2.4份、2-巯基苯并咪唑2.6份、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷1份、PE蜡4份所有原料按配方计量混合,在密炼机中密炼塑化3分钟,料温达到150℃时排料;
第二步:然后在120℃温度的开炼机上打三角包翻炼均匀后出片,经过滤橡机过滤后,再在温度为100℃开炼机上加入过氧化二异丙苯2.5份下混合均匀出片,包装即为绝缘料成品。
第三步:将绝缘料在电线电缆挤橡机连硫线生产线上,以90~110℃的温度下挤出,包覆在导体线芯上,并在170~200℃温度的硫化管中硫化,即成为核电站K1类电缆的绝缘电线,按照电缆标准对各项指标进行检测。 
3、技术指标 
实施例2:一种具有耐辐射性能的核电站用阻燃高绝缘电缆料,所述阻燃高绝缘电缆料由以下重量份的组分组成:
三元乙丙共聚物                      100份,
聚酰亚胺                            10份,
氢氧化镁                            43份,
二氧化硅                            28份,
三氧化二锑                          23份,
三氧化二铝                          6份,
氧化锌                              8份,
过氧化二异丙苯                      3份,
三氧化二铁                          2.2份,
氧化钙                              0.6份,
氧化镁                              0.8份,
2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体      2.6份,
2-巯基苯并咪唑                       2.4份,
乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷       2份,
硬脂酸                               2份;
上述共聚物的门尼粘度ML(1+4)125℃≤45,所述共聚物的乙烯含量≥60%;
上述聚酰亚胺改性剂的平均粒径为10~20μm,上述氢氧化镁的平均粒径为0.8~1.5μm,所述三氧化二锑的平均粒径为0.5~2.5μm,上述煅烧陶土平均粒径为1~2μm。
2、制备工艺 
第一步:将三元乙丙共聚物100份、聚酰亚胺10份、氢氧化镁43份、二氧化硅28份、三氧化二锑23份、三氧化二铝6份、氧化锌8份、三氧化二铁2.2份、氧化钙0.6份、氧化镁0.8份、2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体2.6份、2-巯基苯并咪唑2.4份、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷2份、硬脂酸2份的所有原料按配方计量混合,在密炼机中密炼塑化3分钟,料温达到150℃时排料;
第二步:然后在120℃温度的开炼机上打三角包翻炼均匀后出片,经过滤橡机过滤后,再在温度为100℃开炼机上加入过氧化二异丙苯3份下混合均匀出片,包装即为绝缘料成品。
第三步:将绝缘料在电线电缆挤橡机连硫线生产线上,以90~110℃的温度下挤出,包覆在导体线芯上,并在170~200℃温度的硫化管中硫化,即成为核电站K1类电缆的绝缘电线,按照电缆标准对各项指标进行检测。 
3、技术指标 
实施例3:一种具有耐辐射性能的核电站用阻燃高绝缘电缆料,所述阻燃高绝缘电缆料由以下重量份的组分组成:
三元乙丙共聚物                      100份,
聚酰亚胺                            15份,
氢氧化镁                            40份,
二氧化硅                            25份,
三氧化二锑                          18份,
三氧化二铝                          9份,
氧化锌                              9份,
过氧化二异丙苯                      2.5份,
三氧化二铁                          3.2份,
氧化钙                              0.45份,
氧化镁                              0.65份,
2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体      2.5份,
2-巯基苯并咪唑                       2.5份,
乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷       2.5份,
PE蜡                                 3份;
上述共聚物的门尼粘度ML(1+4)125℃≤45,所述共聚物的乙烯含量≥60%;
上述聚酰亚胺改性剂的平均粒径为10~20μm,上述氢氧化镁的平均粒径为0.8~1.5μm,所述三氧化二锑的平均粒径为0.5~2.5μm,上述煅烧陶土平均粒径为1~2μm。
2、制备工艺 
第一步:将三元乙丙共聚物100份,聚酰亚胺15份,氢氧化镁40份, 二氧化硅25份、三氧化二锑18份、三氧化二铝9份、氧化锌9份、三氧化二铁3.2份、氧化钙0.45份、氧化镁0.65份、2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体2.5份、2-巯基苯并咪唑2.5份、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷2.5份、PE蜡3份的所有原料按配方计量混合,在密炼机中密炼塑化3分钟,料温达到150℃时排料;
第二步:然后在120℃温度的开炼机上打三角包翻炼均匀后出片,经过滤橡机过滤后,再在温度为100℃开炼机上加入过氧化二异丙苯2.5份下混合均匀出片,包装即为绝缘料成品。
第三步:将绝缘料在电线电缆挤橡机连硫线生产线上,以90~110℃的温度下挤出,包覆在导体线芯上,并在170~200℃温度的硫化管中硫化,即成为核电站K1类电缆的绝缘电线,按照电缆标准对各项指标进行检测。 
综上,本发明具有耐辐射性能的核电站用阻燃高绝缘电缆料,提高了基材本身的耐辐射性能、耐热性能、高阻燃性能、高绝缘性能等综合性能,可以对绝缘料提高绝缘电阻二个次方,并不降低阻燃性能,使核电站电缆的绝缘芯线使用单层结构就能够满足电缆的要求,简化了电缆加工工艺;其次,提高了绝缘性能同时,也改善阻燃性能;再次,提高产品的紧密度,排除材料微孔,改善了浸水、耐蒸汽性能,满足了核电绝缘料综合性能的要求。 
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 

Claims (4)

1.一种具有耐辐射性能的核电站用阻燃高绝缘电缆料,其特征在于:所述阻燃高绝缘电缆料由以下重量份的组分组成:
三元乙丙共聚物                    100份,
聚酰亚胺                          5~20份,
氢氧化镁                          35~50份,
二氧化硅                          24~32份,
三氧化二锑                        18~26份,
三氧化二铝                          4~9份,
氧化锌                            8~10份,
过氧化二异丙苯                    2~3.5份,
三氧化二铁                       1.5~3.5份,
氧化钙                           0.4~0.8份,
氧化镁                             0.6~1份,
2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体    2.4~2.6份,
2-巯基苯并咪唑                     2~3份,
乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷     1~3份,
润滑剂                             0.5~5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃高绝缘电缆料,其特征在于:所述三元乙丙共聚物的门尼粘度ML(1+4)125℃≤45,共聚物的乙烯含量≥60%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃高绝缘电缆料,其特征在于:所述润滑剂为PE蜡或者硅酮或者硬脂酸。
4.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃高绝缘电缆料,其特征在于:所述聚酰亚胺的平均粒径为10~20μm,所述氢氧化镁的平均粒径为0.8~1.5μm,所述三氧化二锑的平均粒径为0.5~2.5μm。
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