CN103962054B - A kind of air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone prilling process - Google Patents
A kind of air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone prilling process Download PDFInfo
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- CN103962054B CN103962054B CN201410212182.9A CN201410212182A CN103962054B CN 103962054 B CN103962054 B CN 103962054B CN 201410212182 A CN201410212182 A CN 201410212182A CN 103962054 B CN103962054 B CN 103962054B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone prilling process, comprise the steps: the silica sol modified process of powdery feldspathic sandstone that a) will gather, stir, obtain mixture A；B) mix solidification material and nutrient, stir；C) maintenance ripening, then pulverize a prepared feldspathic sandstone granule with soil breaker, complete pelletize for the first time；D) a feldspathic sandstone granule A recycle silicon colloidal sol is processed, stir, obtain mixture B；E) mix solidification material and nutrient, stir；F) maintenance ripening, then pulverize prepared secondary feldspathic sandstone granule with soil breaker, complete second time pelletize.The air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone prilling process that the present invention provides, granule is formed by twice pelletize process, it is greatly improved the cementation between feldspathic sandstone granule and the corrosion resistance of feldspathic sandstone entirety, use it for the serious soil surface that weathers, it is greatly improved erosion and plants natural disposition, fundamentally preventing and treating feldspathic sandstone soil erosion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sandstone prilling process, particularly relate to a kind of air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone prilling process.
Background technology
Feldspathic sandstone is referred to as " world's soil erosion " and " environment cancer " by China and foreign countries expert, to natural, ecology, environment
Very harmful, it is distributed widely in the Huanghe valley and borders on the region centered by district by Jin, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia.Refer specifically to the Permian Period in the Paleozoic Era,
The Triassic period in of Mesozoic Era, Jurassic Period and cretaceous thick-layer sandstone, sand shale and the alternating layers of mud stone composition, be that loess plateau is concentrated
The core of chip area of sediment yield from base rock, is an important component part of Sandy Areas, the Huanghe valley, is characterized in anhydrous hard
Such as hard rock, there is water the softest such as mud, chance wind then weathering and erosion.Due to this district's breaking topography, vegetation is rare, drought, fall
Rainfall is few, and heavy rain is concentrated, and much sandstorms, and soil erosion is extremely serious, and ecological environment is the most fragile.
Thus, feldspathic sandstone improvement is one of No.1 environmental problem of China.The major measure that feldspathic sandstone is administered includes engineering
Measure, biological control measure and measure of practising a method of cultivation conducive to water and soil conservation.
Every work that engineering measure refers to prevent and treat feldspathic sandstone soil erosion harm, protection and Appropriate application water and soil resources and builds
Journey facility, including control slope engineering (all kinds of terraced fields, tableland, horizontal ditch, fish-scale pit etc.), control ditch engineering (as silt arrester, check dam,
Check dam, gully head protection etc.) and small hydraulic project (such as pond, water cellar, drainage system and irrigation system etc.).
Biological control measure refer to for preventing and treating feldspathic sandstone soil erosion, protection with Appropriate application water and soil resources, take forestation planting grass and
The way managed and protected, increases vegetation coverage, safeguards and improve a kind of water-and-soil conservation measures of fertility.Mainly include making
Woods, plant grass and close hillsides to facilitate afforestation, educate grass.
Measure of practising a method of cultivation conducive to water and soil conservation, to change domatic small landform, increases vegetative coverage or strengthens soil organism slushing oil
Etc. method, soil conservation water-retention, improve soil, to improve the technical measures of agricultural production.Such as Contour ploughing, contour strip intercropping, ditch
Ridge farming minimal tills, no-tillage etc..
Therefore, existing measure mainly slows down the generation of feldspathic sandstone soil erosion by placing obstacles, it is impossible to from all
The anti-erosion of upper raising feldspathic sandstone self and plant raw ability.Although engineering measure can quick acting in a short time, alleviate feldspathic sandstone
Soil erosion, but vegetation coverage and ecological load carrying capacity can not be improved, prevention effect can prolongation over time and
Gradually lose；Biological control measure is a kind of continuable method, but onset is slow, and environmental condition is required height, needs abundance
Moisture and stable environment, the measure of practising a method of cultivation conducive to water and soil conservation can be only applied to the region that feldspathic sandstone soil erosion degree is relatively low, and
The area of severe water and soil erosion should not be used.Therefore, it is necessary to propose the new method of a kind of powdery feldspathic sandstone pelletize, from arsenic sand
Rock self improvement is set about, and is greatly improved the anti-erosion of feldspathic sandstone and plants raw ability, and fundamentally preventing and treating feldspathic sandstone soil erosion, builds
Vertical beautiful ecological environment.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone prilling process, it is possible to be greatly improved
The anti-erosion of feldspathic sandstone and plant raw ability, fundamentally preventing and treating feldspathic sandstone soil erosion.
The present invention solves that above-mentioned technical problem employed technical scheme comprise that a kind of air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone pelletize of offer
Method, comprises the steps: a) to be processed by the powdery feldspathic sandstone Ludox gathered, stirs, obtain mixture A；B) mix
Enter to solidify material and nutrient, stir；C) maintenance ripening, then pulverize a prepared feldspathic sandstone granule with soil breaker, complete
Pelletize for the first time；D) a feldspathic sandstone granule A recycle silicon colloidal sol is processed, stir, obtain mixture B；E) solidification is mixed
Material and nutrient, stir；F) maintenance ripening, then pulverize prepared secondary feldspathic sandstone granule with soil breaker, complete second time
Pelletize.
Above-mentioned air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone prilling process, wherein, the feldspathic sandstone granule that described first time pelletize obtains
Particle size range be 0.5-5mm；The particle size range of the secondary feldspathic sandstone granule that described second time pelletize obtains is 1-5cm.
Above-mentioned air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone prilling process, wherein, in described step a) and step d), the pH of Ludox is
6.5-8, solid content is 20-30%.
Above-mentioned air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone prilling process, wherein, in described first time granulation process, every cubic metre of feldspathic sandstone
The usage amount of middle Ludox is 100-150kg；In described second time granulation process, the use of Ludox in every cubic metre of feldspathic sandstone
Amount is 50-100kg.
Above-mentioned air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone prilling process, wherein, the aqueous percent mass of powdery feldspathic sandstone in described step a)
Ratio is 60-70%；In described step b) and step e), solidification material and nutrient directly mix with feldspathic sandstone stirring；Or first it is dissolved in
Water, then mix with feldspathic sandstone stirring.
Above-mentioned air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone prilling process, wherein, described solidification material is inorganic solidified material and organic curing material
Mixture, and the mass percent of inorganic solidified material, organic curing material is 1/99～50/50；In every cubic metre of feldspathic sandstone, the
The usage amount solidifying material in granulation process is 0.5-0.8kg, and the usage amount solidifying material for the second time in granulation process is 0.8-
1.2kg。
Above-mentioned air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone prilling process, wherein, described inorganic solidified material is formed by following mass percent:
Above-mentioned air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone prilling process, wherein, described organic curing material is modified hydrophilic polyurethane tree
Fat.
Above-mentioned air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone prilling process, wherein, in described step c), in first time granulation process, ripening is supported
The time protected is 24-48 hour, and in described step f), in second time granulation process, the time of ripening maintenance is 7-10 days.
Above-mentioned air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone prilling process, wherein, described nutrient is agricultural composite fertilizer, twice granulation process
In, in every cubic metre of feldspathic sandstone, the usage amount of agricultural composite fertilizer is 0.5-0.6kg.
The present invention contrasts prior art a following beneficial effect: the air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone pelletize side that the present invention provides
Method, is processed by twice pelletize, improves the cementation between feldspathic sandstone granule, forms granule, is greatly improved feldspathic sandstone overall
Corrosion resistance, granule has the required nutritional labeling of plant growing and water holding capacity from inside to outside simultaneously, improves and plants natural disposition
Can, use it for the serious soil surface that weathers, be difficult to move because of the external influence such as wind, water erosion, be greatly improved erosion
With plant natural disposition, fundamentally preventing and treating feldspathic sandstone soil erosion.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone pelletize schematic flow sheet of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that air slaking twice pelletize of powdery feldspathic sandstone of the present invention forms granule process schematic.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone pelletize schematic flow sheet of the present invention；Fig. 2 is air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone of the present invention twice
Pelletize forms granule process schematic.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone prilling process that the present invention provides includes twice mixing granulation mistake
Journey, specifically comprises the following steps that
Step 1: after the air slaking that will gather, powdery feldspathic sandstone (moisture content 60-70%) is with neutral silica sol modified process, stirs
Mix uniformly, obtain mixture A；
Step 2: mix inorganic/organic curing material and necessary nutrient (or aqueous solution), stir；
Step 3: maintenance ripening, then pulverize a prepared feldspathic sandstone granule with soil breaker, complete pelletize for the first time；
Step 4: by a feldspathic sandstone granule again by identical method, first with neutral silica sol modified process, stir,
Obtain mixture B；
Step 5: mix inorganic/organic curing material and necessary nutrient (or aqueous solution), stir；
Step 6: maintenance ripening, then pulverize prepared secondary feldspathic sandstone granule with soil breaker, complete second time pelletize.
Particle diameter is required by twice mixing granulation of the prilling process of the present invention, for the first time in granulation process, and the grain of granule
Footpath is 0.5-5mm, preferably 1-3mm.If particle diameter is the least, cause the last grain diameter improveing feldspathic sandstone, less, anti-erosion
Ability also reduces, if but particle diameter is too big, and the hole between pelletize is relatively big, and moisture penetration or evaporation rate are accelerated, and store water
Ability declines, and is unfavorable for the growth of plant.Have through twice granulation process simultaneously and can make granulated pellet spatially structure, big
Intragranular comprises little granule, and nutritional labeling is from inside to outside, can slowly discharge, required for plant growing.
Described Ludox is neutral Ludox, pH6.5-8, and concentration is 20-30%, and neutral environment is suitable for plant growing,
Acid or alkalescence is all unfavorable for plant growing.In granulation process, neutral Ludox usage amount presses feldspathic sandstone 1m3 calculating for the first time
For 100-150kg, preferably 120-140kg, this consumption both can get up powdery feldspathic sandstone molecule bonding, be formed thin
Little granule (particle diameter is 0.5-5mm, preferably 1-3mm), is unlikely to loose under External Force Acting, is unlikely to again hardness too big, unfavorable
In pulverizing.When consumption is less than 100kg/m3Time, due to consumption very little, it is impossible to effectively act as the effect of bonding feldspathic sandstone granule,
And then it is the loosest to form granule.And when consumption is more than 150kg/m3Time, in the group of being formed, hardness is relatively big, is unfavorable for pulverizing, is formed
Grain diameter is too big, is also unfavorable for the parcel of nutritional labeling below.In granulation process, the usage amount of neutral Ludox is pressed for the second time
Feldspathic sandstone 1m3Being calculated as 50-100kg, preferably 60-80kg, this consumption both can get up tiny granule bonding, is formed
Bigger, that corrosion resistance is higher granule (particle diameter is 1-5cm, preferably 2-4cm), is unlikely to loose under External Force Acting, again
It is unlikely to hardness too big, is unfavorable for pulverizing.When consumption is less than 50kg/m3Time, due to consumption very little, it is impossible to effectively act as bonding
The effect of clay particle, and then it is the loosest to form granule.And when consumption is more than 100kg/m3Time, in the group of being formed, hardness is relatively big,
It is unfavorable for pulverizing, forms grain diameter too big, be also unfavorable for the parcel of nutritional labeling below, thus reduce it and plant natural disposition energy.
The solidification preferred inorganic solidified material of material in step 2 and step 5 and the mixture of organic curing material, inorganic solidified material,
Organic curing material passes through synergism, can be greatly improved mechanical property and the viscoelasticity of air slaking feldspathic sandstone improvement granule.Both
Ratio be 1/99 to 50/50, preferably 10/90 to 30/70, along with increasing of organic curing material consumption, pellet hardness declines,
But toughness improves, and is easily deformed, thus corrosion resistance declines；Along with increasing of inorganic solidified material consumption, pellet hardness improves,
But water conservation insulation nutrient preserving capability declines, thus plants natural disposition and decline.Described inorganic solidified material is formed by following mass percent: KCl
(20-50%), MgCl2(15-40%), Al2(S04)3(5-10%), CaSO4(1-5%), MgO (1-5%), Na2S04(5-
10%), there is good caking property by inanimate matter and clay particle surface, particle encapsulation is got up, be mainly used in parcel warp
Pelletize of the silica sol modified process of property and secondary granulation, strengthen its mechanical property and corrosion resistance, simultaneously by nutritional labeling bag
Wrap up in into.Described organic curing material is a kind of hydrophilic polyurethane resin (W-OH), meets the uniform emulsion dispersion of water, 1～20
Minute fast setting, forms the resilient gel of good water-retaining property, and this gelinite and feldspathic sandstone granule have fine caking property, can be by
Loose feldspathic sandstone granule connects into an entirety, improves the overall corrosion resistance of air slaking feldspathic sandstone, water conservation, insulation, fertilizer conservation, guarantor
Moisture in the soil, is suitable for planting growth.
The usage amount of inorganic in granulation process/organic curing material presses powdery feldspathic sandstone 1m for the first time3It is calculated as 0.5-
0.8kg, preferably 0.5-0.6kg；The usage amount of inorganic in granulation process/organic curing material presses powdery feldspathic sandstone 1m for the second time3
It is calculated as 0.8-1.2kg, preferably 0.9-1.0kg；If solidification material consumption is too big, one is that cost increases, and two is clay particle
Particle diameter is too big, and integument is the thickest, is unfavorable for the release of nutritional labeling and preserves moisture, if but very little, it is not sufficient enough to again bag
Wrapping up in granule, form granular mechanics and corrosion resistance declines, nutritional labeling is not the most completely wrapped, and plants raw ability and also declines.
Described clay novel granulation method needs through twice maintenance and pulverizing, for ripening maintenance in first time granulation process
Time is 24-48 hour, and in granulation process, the time of ripening maintenance is 7-10 days for the second time, through the feldspathic sandstone that the method processes
Granule has suitable particle diameter and anti-erosion plants natural disposition energy, and the too short then intensity of curing time and corrosion resistance decline, curing time
Long cause again pelletize cycle stretch-out.
Embodiment 1
Feldspathic sandstone soil sample is taken from Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region sand Ge and is blocked up feldspathic sandstone severe water and soil erosion district；By soil sample wind
Doing to constant weight, screening grain diameter is less than 0.5mm, stand-by；
Take 1m3Soil sample adds 140kg neutrality Ludox (concentration 25%, pH7.2), stirs；Add inorganic/organic solid
Changing material 0.5kg and agricultural composite fertilizer 0.6kg, the mass percent composition of inorganic/organic curing material is KCl (50%), MgCl2
(30%), Al2(S04)3(7%), CaSO4(3%), MgO (2%), Na2SO4(8%) inorganic solidified material 0.1kg and W-OH has
Machine solidification material (Jiangsu Jiechengkai New Material Technology Co., Ltd. produces, a kind of modified hydrophilic polyurethane resin) 0.4kg, stirring
Uniformly, maintenance ripening 24 hours, it is 0.5-5mm that soil breaker is crushed to particle diameter, completes a pelletize；With above-mentioned identical side
Method processes a pelletize, is firstly added neutral Ludox 60kg, stirs, and adds inorganic/organic curing material 1kg and agricultural
Compound fertilizer 0.6kg, stirs, solidification, maintenance ripening 1 week, then to be crushed to particle diameter with soil breaker be that 1-5cm obtains secondary
Feldspathic sandstone granule.
Comparative example 1
Soil sample is same as in Example 1.
Take 1m3Soil sample adds 200kg neutrality Ludox, stirs；Add inorganic/organic curing material 1.5kg and agricultural
Compound fertilizer 1.2kg, the mass percent composition of inorganic/organic curing material is KCl (50%), MgCl2(30%), Al2(SO4)3
(7%), CaSO4(3%), MgO (2%), Na2SO4(8%) (Jiangsu is outstanding for the inorganic solidified organic curing material of material 0.3kg and W-OH
Cheng Kai new material Science and Technology Ltd. produces, a kind of modified hydrophilic polyurethane resin) 1.2kg, stir, maintenance ripening 24
Hour, it is 0.5-5mm that soil breaker is crushed to particle diameter.
Comparative example 2
The method that comparative example 1 is same, simply the maintenance curing time is 1 week, and it is 1-5cm that soil breaker is crushed to particle diameter.
Comparative example 3
Soil sample is same as in Example 1
Take 1m3 soil sample and add 140kg neutrality Ludox, stir；Add inorganic solidified material 0.5kg and agricultural composite fertilizer
0.6kg, the mass percent composition of inorganic solidified material is KCl (50%), MgCl2(30%), Al2(SO4)3(7%), CaSO4
(3%), MgO (2%), Na2SO4(8%) inorganic solidified material, stirs, maintenance ripening 24 hours, and soil breaker is pulverized
It is 0.5-5mm to particle diameter；Process pulverized particles with above-mentioned identical method, be firstly added neutral Ludox 60kg, stir,
Add inorganic solidified material 1kg and agricultural composite fertilizer 0.6kg, stir, solidification, maintenance ripening 1 week, then use soil breaker
Being crushed to particle diameter is 1-5cm.
Comparative example 4
The method that comparative example 3 is same, simply replaces inorganic solidified material with the organic curing material of W-OH.
By embodiment 1 and comparative example 1-4 and do not do the soil sample of any process and load and tell in groove, numbering 1-6, top layer is sowed
Cold ground type (Festuca arundinaced schreber) and warm ground type (Axonopus affinis chase) grass seeds (ratio
Being 1: 1, the amount of sowing is 5kg/ mu), the soil sample of numbered 6 uses agricultural composite fertilizer again on top layer, and amount of application is 10kg/ mu.
1) soil bin uses iron plate to make, bottom belt perforation, soil box a size of 100cm x60cm x25cm.Soil box
One layer of slubbing cloth and the coarse sand of 5ccm thickness are laid in bottom；
2) rainfall uses indoor rainfall simulator, uses distilled water, with the rainfall intensity simulated rainfall of 20mm/h, the gradient 15
Degree, records runoff yield over time in test, i.e. accesses 1 muddy water runoff sample every 30min, and test period is 6 hours.Receive
Collection is runoff and the loss rainwater infiltrated from soil sample, determines Soil erosion situation；
3) soil sample after above-mentioned rainfall erosion simulation, stands, observation of plant growing state under field conditions (factors), and the observation period is
60 days.Result of the test is as shown in the table:
In sum, the air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone prilling process that the present invention provides, form granule by twice pelletize process,
Being greatly improved the cementation between feldspathic sandstone granule and the corrosion resistance of feldspathic sandstone entirety, concrete advantage is as follows: 1) pass through
The improvement of small feldspathic sandstone grain granulation is formed bigger granule, and mechanical property is preferable, is greatly improved the anti-of feldspathic sandstone self and invades
Erosion property；2) the feldspathic sandstone granule after improvement has interior and comprises outward the necessary nutritional labeling of plant growing, can slowly discharge, for planting
Thing grows, thus improve soil plant natural disposition；3) curing materials used by improvement contains modified hydrophilic polyurethane material,
Pellet surface forms one layer of water conservation layer having preferable Water-saving effect, delays moisture to evaporate, for plant growing；4) through twice pelletize
Process, improves the structural of feldspathic sandstone granule and level, and bulky grain is made up of little granule, plays excellent anti-erosion and plants
Natural disposition.
Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, so it is not limited to the present invention, any this area skill
Art personnel, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when making a little amendment and perfect, the therefore protection model of the present invention
Enclose when with being as the criterion that claims are defined.
Claims (2)
1. an air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone prilling process, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
A) being processed by the powdery feldspathic sandstone Ludox gathered, stir, obtain mixture A, described powdery feldspathic sandstone is aqueous
Mass percent is 60-70%, and in every cubic metre of feldspathic sandstone, the usage amount of Ludox is 100-150kg, the pH of described Ludox
For 6.5-8, solid content is 20-30%；
B) mixing solidification material and nutrient, stir, described solidification material is inorganic solidified material and the mixture of organic curing material, and
Inorganic solidified material, the mass percent of organic curing material are 1/99～50/50, solidify the usage amount of material in every cubic metre of feldspathic sandstone
For 0.5-0.8kg, described nutrient is agricultural composite fertilizer, and in every cubic metre of feldspathic sandstone, the usage amount of agricultural composite fertilizer is 0.5-
0.6kg, solidification material and nutrient directly mix with feldspathic sandstone stirring or are first dissolved in water, then mix with feldspathic sandstone stirring；
C) maintenance ripening, then pulverize a prepared feldspathic sandstone granule with soil breaker, complete pelletize, for the first time pelletize for the first time
During time of ripening maintenance be 24-48 hour, the particle size range of the feldspathic sandstone granule that described first time pelletize obtains
For 0.5-5mm；
D) a feldspathic sandstone granule A recycle silicon colloidal sol is processed, stir, obtain mixture B, silicon in every cubic metre of feldspathic sandstone
The usage amount of colloidal sol is 50-100kg, and the pH of described Ludox is 6.5-8, and solid content is 20-30%；
E) mixing solidification material and nutrient, stir, described solidification material is inorganic solidified material and the mixture of organic curing material, and
Inorganic solidified material, the mass percent of organic curing material are 1/99～50/50, solidify the usage amount of material in every cubic metre of arsenic sandstone
For 0.8-1.2kg, described nutrient is agricultural composite fertilizer, and in every cubic metre of feldspathic sandstone, the usage amount of agricultural composite fertilizer is 0.5-
0.6kg, solidification material and nutrient directly mix with feldspathic sandstone stirring or are first dissolved in water, then mix with feldspathic sandstone stirring；
F) maintenance ripening, then pulverize prepared secondary feldspathic sandstone granule with soil breaker, complete second time pelletize, for the second time pelletize
During time of ripening maintenance be 7-10 days, the particle size range of the secondary feldspathic sandstone granule that described second time pelletize obtains is 1-
5cm。
2. air slaking powdery feldspathic sandstone prilling process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described organic curing material is modified
Hydrophilic polyurethane resin.
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2014
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| US3887671A (en) * | 1971-03-05 | 1975-06-03 | Emil Metzger | Process for producing granular, expanded ceramic materials |
| CN102251517A (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2011-11-23 | 南京大学 | Dust prevention and sand fixation method |
| CN102409655A (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2012-04-11 | 陕西省地产开发服务总公司 | Method for preventing loss of paleozoic and mesozoic sedimentary rocks |
| CN102518139A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-06-27 | 董发达 | Manufacture method for ecological vegetated protective slope |
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