Summary of the invention
To defective that exists in the above-mentioned prior art or deficiency, the objective of the invention is to, a kind of method that reduces Gu, sedimentary rock loss in Mesozoic Era is provided; This method as the improvement raw material, is mixed into the good composite bed of physicochemical property with sedimentary rock, for plant growing provides favourable growth conditions with sand; Improve vegetation cover degree, effectively play the effect of control weathering sedimentary rock soil erosion, and through experimental verification; Plant grew well on this composite bed, coverage is high.Method of the present invention has been improved Gu, the regional ecological environment of sedimentary rock in Mesozoic Era.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical solution:
A kind of method of preventing and treating Gu, sedimentary rock loss in Mesozoic Era is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
With Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock exposed area surface be ground into sillar, again sand is layered on Gu after the pulverizing, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock; The two is fully mixed; Obtain the composite bed of 30cm thickness; In the composite bed of this 30cm thickness; Ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock and husky volume ratio were 1: 1, in composite bed, were fit to the plant of local environment condition by the conventional method plantation, and the plant of said suitable local environment condition is selected from a kind of in clover, the sea-buckthorn.
Preferably, said sillar particle diameter is 2~4cm.
Preferably, said sillar particle diameter is 3~4cm.
The present invention has following advantage:
1, raw material is simple and easy to, and in liberal supply, economical and practical.
2, method is simple, and easy operating is gathered materials on the spot, and greatly reduces engineering cost, has improved feasibility and operability.
3, through test, ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock and husky composite bed had good penetration property and water holding, water retention, can satisfy demand of plant growth; Fixation through root system of plant; Reduced the loss of sedimentary rock in ancient, Mesozoic Era, improved ecological environment greatly, promoted sustainable development.
Frequently seen plants such as the kind method for planting alfalfa planting of 4, utilization routine, sea-buckthorn, simple to operate, the prevention soil and water loss effect is remarkable.
The specific embodiment
Ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock was meant the alternating layers that the Permian Period in the Paleozoic Era, Triassic period in Mesozoic Era, Jurassic Period and cretaceous thick-layer sandstone, sand shale and mud stone are formed.Gu among the present invention, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock picked up from big discipline sweat village, Yuyang District indiction sweat township, Yulin city, Meng Jiawan village, Yulin city Yuyang District Meng Jiawan township, the military loess hills in Dingbian County, Yulin city township, the Yulin city Tai Hezhai of Shenmu County township, Ordos City, Inner Mongol Ejin Horo Banner, Ordos City, Inner Mongol Jungar Banner and Shuozhou City Shenchi County, Shanxi.The applicant is through related assays, the Gu of above-mentioned each sampled point, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock sense organ, quality and physicochemical properties and meet water after characteristic basic identical.
Ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock had the advantages that to meet aqueous dispersion, its poor permeability, and hardening property is strong; And the characteristics of sand are loose, non-structure, and moisture runs off easily, and it is Lou fertile as the bedding of plant growing the time, to leak; Single Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock or husky growth that all is not suitable for plant.The research that continues has been carried out in applicant's loss that sand is administered sedimentary rock in ancient, Mesozoic Era as raw material in recent years, and has obtained certain achievement.
Angle from prevention soil and water loss; Ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock and husky had complementary physical characteristic; The present invention just is being based on this and on the basis of a large amount of experiments, is developing a kind of method that sedimentary rock runs off of preventing and treating; Comprise the steps: with ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock exposed area surface be ground into the sillar of particle diameter 2cm~4cm, again sand is layered on Gu after the pulverizing, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock; The two is fully mixed; Obtain the composite bed of 30cm thickness; In the composite bed of this 30cm thickness; Ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock and husky volume ratio were 1: 1, in composite bed, were fit to the plant of local environment condition by the conventional method plantation, and the plant of said suitable local environment condition is selected from a kind of in clover, the sea-buckthorn.
Below be the applicant provide about the relevant parameter optimization Test in the technique scheme, so that technical scheme of the present invention is done theoretical, effect support explanation.Gu in this test, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock picked up from big discipline sweat village, Yuyang District indiction sweat township, Yulin city.
(1) ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock size optimization Test
1, sample preparation
First group of sample: this group is the sample of the exposed different-grain diameter of sedimentary rock in ancient, Mesozoic Era; Specifically be in four ceramic vessel (high 25cm, diameter 20cm), to be respectively charged into the thick sand of 10cm; Four Gus, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock of in each ceramic vessel, all packing into then, the Gu in the same ceramic vessel, Mesozoic Era, the sedimentary rock particle diameter was respectively: 2cm, 3cm, 4cm, 5cm;
Second group of sample: this group is the sample of the different-grain diameter that sedimentary rock is covered by sand in ancient, Mesozoic Era; Specifically be in four ceramic vessel, to be respectively charged into the thick sand of 10cm; Four Gus, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock of in each ceramic vessel, all packing into then; Gu in the same ceramic vessel, Mesozoic Era, the sedimentary rock particle diameter was respectively: 2cm, 3cm, 4cm, 5cm, then the Gu in each ceramic vessel, Mesozoic Era cover the thick sand of 10cm on the sedimentary rock respectively.
2, test method
(1) pours water
In the ceramic vessel of 8 samples, irritate simultaneously the water of equivalent,, on sample, cover filter paper when pouring water for avoiding water droplet to ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock and husky structure and the destruction of laying structure thereof; Make water can be slowly soak into sedimentary rock in ancient, Mesozoic Era uniformly; Ancient for guaranteeing simultaneously, sedimentary rock suction in Mesozoic Era fully, the branch of pouring water carries out for 3 times, preceding twice each ceramic vessel 1500ml that pours water; The 500ml that pours water for the last time, 30min at interval pours water at every turn.
(2) sampling
The back open fire face of pouring water for the last time in each ceramic vessel disappears and picks up counting, respectively in each ceramic vessel, getting Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock behind 2h and the 30h, and to getting Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock water content measure.
(3) result of the test
The different sample of table 1 middle ancient times, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock water content
Can know by result shown in the table 1:
For first group of sample: according to the size of specimen in use volume in field test experience and this test, ooze basically under the gravity water in ancient behind the 2h, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock and stop, water content at this moment can be regarded as field capacity, can weigh the moisture holding capacity of sample.Because ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock had the physical arrangement instability; Chance water promptly looses, structural collapse; The characteristics that can cause that its hole situation changes, physical property and hydraulic characteristic change all; Behind the 2h, can know from the visual texture of sample that particle diameter is that exposed Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock of 2cm and 3cm disperses through three back structures of pouring water fully; Sedimentary rock was met the water rear section and was disperseed the exposed Gu of particle diameter 4cm, Mesozoic Era, still can keep the physical characteristic of sedimentary rock self in ancient, Mesozoic Era, and its water content was higher than the water content that particle diameter is 2cm and 3cm sample; Degree of scatter was lower after the exposed Gu of particle diameter 5cm, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock was met water, but because of sedimentary rock water guide poor performance in ancient, Mesozoic Era, caused suction slowly, was difficult to saturatedly in the short time, so moisture content is minimum, was merely 26.41%.And then explanation is ancient, have moisture holding capacity preferably Mesozoic Era when the sedimentary rock particle diameter is less than 4cm.Behind the 30h, particle diameter 2cm is ancient, Mesozoic Era the sedimentary rock water content minimum, drop to 3.51%, along with its water retention property of increase of particle diameter strengthens, when ancient, when Mesozoic Era, the sedimentary rock particle diameter was greater than 3cm, its water retention property is comparatively desirable.
For second group of sample: in ancient, sedimentary rock suction in Mesozoic Era saturation history, the husky Gu that covers, Mesozoic Era, the sedimentary rock particle diameter was more little, and water content is big more, and the reduction of the water content in the identical time interval is also big more.At the covering of sand and parcel down, because husky seepage speed is fast, the time that water stops in sand is short, and ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock can't reach capacity, and structure is dispersion also.The highest behind the sillar moisture content 2h of particle diameter 2cm; Be 23.12%, along with the increase of particle diameter, water content drops to 20.55%; Explain particle diameter excessive be difficult for saturated; And then be unfavorable for water holding, explain under the husky situation about covering that ancient, Mesozoic Era, the sedimentary rock particle diameter also was to have moisture holding capacity preferably during less than 4cm.Behind the 30h, particle diameter 2cm is ancient, Mesozoic Era the sedimentary rock water content minimum, drop to 5.88%, and particle diameter greater than the Gu of 2cm, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock moisture content suitable, between 20.30%~20.33%.It is thus clear that, under the covering of sand, ancient, Mesozoic Era the sedimentary rock particle diameter greater than 2cm, water retention is extremely remarkable.
In the land control process, ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock with husky the mixing after, part is exposed, part is wrapped up in by sand hill and protected, promptly the function of part sedimentary rock in ancient, Mesozoic Era tends to absorb moisture, partly Gu, Mesozoic Era, the sedimentary rock function tended to store moisture.Comprehensive two states analysis simultaneously from practical standpoint, deposits sillar Gu, the Mesozoic Era of in sand, mixing particle diameter and be 2cm~4cm and is comparatively reasonably particle size range, the preferred wherein particle size range of 3cm~4cm.
Used Gu in the following process of the test, Mesozoic Era, the particle diameter of sedimentary rock was 2cm~4cm.
(2) physicochemical characteristic test
This test is to be foundation with the correlation theory index so that the physical characteristic of the physical characteristic of composite earth and soil near and the optimization Test of carrying out.
1, prepares sample
With ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock be 1: 0,1: 0.2,1: 0.5,1: 1,1: 2,1: 3 configuration test specimen with husky volume ratio, and fully mix it subsequent use.
2, test method
Adopt pipette method to measure mechanical composition; Adopt the cylinder impregnating method to measure capillary porosity; Adopt constant head method to measure saturated hydraulic conductivity; It is organic to adopt volumetric analysis to measure, and adopts the total porosity of unit weight calculation sample.
3, result of the test
The soil texture and the physical property of table 2 different ratios of raw materials composite earth
Soil with good preserve moisture and fertility ability could satisfy demand of plant growth, and for sand ground, quality, water, fertilizer are main limiting factors.The soil texture and soil physical and chemical property are closely related, through measuring mechanical composition, to obtain the composite earth quality, choose saturated hydraulic conductivity and capillary porosity simultaneously as water holding, water retaining capacity index for this reason.
According to result shown in the table 2, can find out that according to the soil texture index of composite earth along with the increase of addition husky in ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock, the grains of sand content in the composite earth constantly increases, silt content constantly reduces.The composite earth quality becomes sandy loam by silty loam, loam gradually along with the increase of the amount of sand, and the two volume ratio reaches 1: the 1 o'clock soil texture and becomes loam, is more conducive to vegetation growth.
Saturated hydraulic conductivity and capillary porosity have determined aeration, permeability and the water retaining capacity of soil.Along with the increase of the addition in Sha Zaigu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock, the saturated hydraulic conductivity of composite earth is increased to 0.79mm/min by 0.07mm/min gradually.As everyone knows, saturated hydraulic conductivity is a hypotonicity soil less than 0.2mm/min, is unfavorable for infiltrating of soil moisture.Ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock reached at 1: 1 o'clock with the mixed volume ratio of sand, and saturated hydraulic conductivity just surpasses the scope of hyposmosis soil, explain that the ratio of sand in the composite earth was difficult for low.
General dryland soil ventilating slit (ventilating slit=total porosity-capillary porosity, the total porosity of all test specimens is 47.2%) ratio can not be lower than 10%, can estimate proportioning in view of the above and will reach 1: 1 at least.
To sum up, through overtesting and analytical estimating, it runs off with the method control of mixed sand in ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock, and ancient, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock reached 1: 1 at least with husky volume ratio.
Through above-mentioned analysis explanation, quality, the physicochemical property of above-mentioned composite earth and soil are suitable, the composite earth provided by the present invention plant growing that suit is described theoretically, thereby is prevented and treated the sedimentary rock loss.
On the basis of above-mentioned quality, physics and chemistry test, carry out following vegetation planting experiment, support explanation with technique effect to composite earth of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
In big discipline sweat village, Yulin City Yuyang District indiction sweat township, get on the spot local husky, with sand and locality Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock be to mix at 1: 1 by volume.At first ancient, the surperficial sedimentary rock of sedimentary rock exposed area in Mesozoic Era are pulverized the particle for the 3-4cm size; Sand is layered on the sedimentary rock surface after the pulverizing; The mechanical then rotary tillage top layer 30cm degree of depth; Make sandy soil with ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock composite bed thickness be 30cm, transforming the gross area is 300 mu, alfalfa planting.Select the sample prescription of 5 1m * 1m to carry out the mass survey of vegetation, emergence rate on average reaches 76%; Carried out mass survey at the alfalfa growing animated period August, finds that cover degree reaches 65%.Through investigation, Gu, sedimentary rock in Mesozoic Era leakage after plantation transformed in the area slow down.Can find out by present embodiment, through improved Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary petrologic province be suitable for plant growing, vegetation cover degree improves, therefore, the method for present embodiment has that remarkable control is ancient, the effect of sedimentary rock soil erosion in Mesozoic Era.
Embodiment 2
The military loess hills township in Dingbian County, Yulin city, get on the spot local husky, with sand and locality Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock be to mix at 1: 1 by volume.At first ancient, the surperficial sedimentary rock of sedimentary rock exposed area in Mesozoic Era are pulverized the particle for the 2-4cm size; Sand is layered on the sedimentary rock surface after the pulverizing, the mechanical then rotary tillage top layer 30cm degree of depth, make sandy soil with ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock composite bed thickness be 30cm; Transforming the gross area is 180 mu; The plantation sea-buckthorn, the mass survey that select the sample prescription of 5 1m * 1ms to carry out vegetation at sea-buckthorn growth animated period August finds that vegetation cover degree reaches 60%.Through investigation, Gu, sedimentary rock in Mesozoic Era leakage after plantation transformed in the zone slow down.Can find out by present embodiment, through improved Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary petrologic province be suitable for plant growing, vegetation cover degree improves, therefore, the method for present embodiment has that remarkable control is ancient, the effect of sedimentary rock soil erosion in Mesozoic Era.
Embodiment 3
Meng Jiawan village, Yuyang District Meng Jiawan township, Yulin city, get on the spot local husky, with sand and locality Gu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock be to mix at 1.5: 1 by volume.At first with ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock exposed area surface sedimentary rock pulverize particle for the 3-4cm size, sand is layered on the sedimentary rock surface after the pulverizing, the mechanical then rotary tillage top layer 30cm degree of depth makes that the composite bed thickness of Sha Hegu, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock is 30cm.Transforming the gross area is 240 mu, and alfalfa planting is investigated its emergence rate, cover degree at different times respectively, can reach the effect identical with embodiment 2.Therefore, the method for present embodiment has significant soil and water conservation effect.
The present invention has realized suiting measures to local conditions, turning bane into boon; Improved Gu, Mesozoic Era, sedimentary rock had structure and hole situation preferably, and the similar loam of quality has both ventilation capacity and water holding, water retaining capacity; That rainwater can store is ancient, Mesozoic Era sedimentary rock with husky composite bed in; Help plant growing, vegetation cover degree improves, and reaches the purpose of sedimentary rock in fixing ancient, Mesozoic Era, prevention soil and water loss.Realized gathering materials on the spot, utilized on the spot, suited measures to local conditions the target that changes harmful to treasure.