CN102405821B - Sand-based composite soil for planting potato - Google Patents
Sand-based composite soil for planting potato Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102405821B CN102405821B CN2011102330661A CN201110233066A CN102405821B CN 102405821 B CN102405821 B CN 102405821B CN 2011102330661 A CN2011102330661 A CN 2011102330661A CN 201110233066 A CN201110233066 A CN 201110233066A CN 102405821 B CN102405821 B CN 102405821B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- mesozoic
- deposits
- sand
- soil
- ancient
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- Y02P60/216—
Abstract
The invention discloses sand-based composite soil for planting potato, which is formed by mixing Paleozoic stratified rock, Mesozoic stratified rock and sand, wherein the granularity of the Paleozoic and the Mesozoic stratified rock is 2cm to 4cm, and the volume of the Paleozoic stratified rock and the Mesozoic stratified rock is 1:3. The preferential granularity of the Paleozoic and the Mesozoic stratified rock is 3cm to 4cm. The sand-based composite soil has good penetrability and moisture retention property, physical and chemical properties of the sand-based composite soil are equivalent to that of the soil, and the yield of the potato planted in the composite soil can reach the yield of the potato planted in ordinary soil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to land control and agro-farming resources domain, be specifically related to the husky basic composite earth of a kind of suitable plantation potato.
Background technology
For farming, sand ground is a kind of land resources that is difficult to utilize, and in view of the popularity of sand ground geographical distribution and the demand of human survival, the mankind improve the characteristic of sand ground from all angles, to be fit to the demand of agricultural planting.And specific to the application of sand ground in farming, its maximum problem be how the characteristic of sand ground is improved so that its physical and chemical performance near soil, to adapt to the growth of concrete crops or economic crops.
Summary of the invention
For the demand of prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of husky basic composite earth for the plantation potato, to be implemented in sand ground plantation potato, guarantee simultaneously the output of crop.
For realizing above-mentioned technical assignment, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of husky basic composite earth for the plantation potato is characterized in that this composite earth is mixed by Gu, Mesozoic Deposits and sand, and wherein, particle diameter ancient, Mesozoic Deposits is 2cm～4cm, and the volume ratio of Gu, Mesozoic Deposits and sand is 1: 3.
Preferably, the particle diameter of described Gu, Mesozoic Deposits is 3cm～4cm.
The basic composite earth of sand of the present invention has good permeability and water holding moisture capacity, and the characteristic of its physicochemical characteristics and soil is suitable, utilizes the output of this composite earth plantation potato can reach the output of planting potato in general soil.
Embodiment
Ancient, Mesozoic Deposits refers to the alternating layers that the Permian Period in the Paleozoic Era, Triassic period in Mesozoic Era, Jurassic Period and cretaceous thick-layer sandstone, sand shale and mud stone form.Gu among the present invention, Mesozoic Deposits pick up from large discipline sweat village, Yuyang District indiction sweat township, Yulin city, Meng Jiawan village, Yulin city Yuyang District Meng Jiawan township, the military loess hills in Dingbian County, Yulin city township, the Yulin city Tai Hezhai of Shenmu County township, Ordos of Inner Mongolia Ejin Horo Banner, Ordos of Inner Mongolia Jungar Banner and Shenchi County, Shuozhou, shanxi Province city.The applicant is through related assays, and the characteristic behind the Gu of above-mentioned each sampled point, the sense organ of Mesozoic Deposits, quality and physico chemical property and the chance water is basic identical.
Ancient, Mesozoic Deposits have when anhydrous quality hard, meet the soft characteristics of yew, its poor permeability, hardening property is strong, silt content is high, on ancient, Mesozoic Deposits during Planting Crops, because its quality is fine and close, root system of plant is difficult to intert, and has seriously hindered the absorption of root system of plant to moisture and nutrient; And the characteristics of sand are loose, and silt content is low, can't form the granular structure of soil, cause moisture to run off easily, and it is Lou fertile to leak as the bedding of plant growth the time; Single Gu, Mesozoic Deposits or the husky growth that all is not suitable for crops.
From the proportion of crop planting angle, Gu, Mesozoic Deposits and husky physical characteristic with complementation, the present invention just is being based on this and is developing a kind of husky basic composite earth of suitable potato growth on the basis of great many of experiments, this composite earth is mixed by Gu, Mesozoic Deposits and sand, wherein, particle diameter ancient, Mesozoic Deposits is 2cm～4cm, and the volume ratio of Gu, Mesozoic Deposits and sand is 1: 3.
Below be the applicant provide about the relevant parameter Optimum Experiment in the technique scheme, so that technical scheme of the present invention is done theoretical, effect support explanation.
Gu in the test, Mesozoic Deposits are to pick up from large discipline sweat village, Yuyang District indiction sweat township, Yulin city.
(1) ancient, Mesozoic Deposits particle size Optimum Experiment
1, sample preparation
First group of sample: this group is the sample of the different-grain diameter ancient, that Mesozoic Deposits is exposed, specifically in four ceramic vessel (high 25cm, diameter 20cm), be respectively charged into the thick sand of 10cm, then in each ceramic vessel, all pack into four Gus, Mesozoic Deposits, Gu, Mesozoic Deposits particle diameter in the same ceramic vessel are respectively: 2cm, 3cm, 4cm, 5cm;
Second group of sample: the sample of the different-grain diameter that this group is covered by sand for ancient, Mesozoic Deposits, specifically in four ceramic vessel, be respectively charged into the thick sand of 10cm, then in each ceramic vessel, all pack into four Gus, Mesozoic Deposits, Gu, Mesozoic Deposits particle diameter in the same ceramic vessel are respectively: 2cm, 3cm, 4cm, 5cm, then the Gu in each ceramic vessel, Mesozoic Deposits cover the thick sand of 10cm respectively.
2, test method
(1) pours water
In the ceramic vessel of 8 samples, fill with simultaneously the water of equivalent, for avoiding water droplet to Gu, Mesozoic Deposits and the structure of sand and the destruction of laying structure thereof, cover filter paper at sample when pouring water, make water can slowly infiltrate uniformly Gu, Mesozoic Deposits, simultaneously, Mesozoic Deposits suction ancient for guaranteeing fully poured water and carried out minutes for 3 times, front twice each ceramic vessel 1500ml that pours water, the 500ml that pours water for the last time, interval 30min pours water at every turn.
(2) sampling
The rear open fire face of pouring water for the last time in each the ceramic vessel beginning timing that disappears respectively at getting Gu, Mesozoic Deposits behind 2h and the 30h in each ceramic vessel, and is measured the water content of getting Gu, Mesozoic Deposits.
(3) result of the test
The water content of the different sample of table 1 middle ancient times, Mesozoic Deposits
By result shown in the table 1 as can be known:
For first group of sample: according to the size of specimen in use volume in field trial experience and this test, ooze substantially under the gravitational water in ancient behind the 2h, the Mesozoic Deposits and stop, water content at this moment can be considered as field capacity, can weigh the moisture holding capacity of sample.Because ancient, that Mesozoic Deposits has physical arrangement is unstable, meet i.e. loose, the structural collapse of water, the characteristics that can cause that its hole situation changes, physical property and hydraulic characteristic change all, behind the 2h, as can be known, particle diameter is that structure was disperseed fully after exposed Gu, the Mesozoic Deposits of 2cm and 3cm poured water through three times from the visual texture of sample; The exposed Gu of particle diameter 4cm, Mesozoic Deposits are met the water rear section and are disperseed, and still can keep physical characteristic ancient, Mesozoic Deposits self, and its water content are higher than the water content that particle diameter is 2cm and 3cm sample; Degree of scatter was lower after the exposed Gu of particle diameter 5cm, Mesozoic Deposits were met water, but because of ancient, Mesozoic Deposits water guide poor performance, caused suction slowly, was difficult to saturatedly in the short time, so moisture content is minimum, only was 26.41%.And then explanation is ancient, the Mesozoic Deposits particle diameter has preferably moisture holding capacity during less than 4cm.Behind the 30h, particle diameter 2cm is ancient, the Mesozoic Deposits water content is minimum, drops to 3.51%, and along with its water retention property of increase of particle diameter strengthens, when ancient, Mesozoic Deposits particle diameter during greater than 3cm, its water retention property is comparatively desirable.
For second group of sample: in ancient, Mesozoic Deposits suction saturation history, husky Gu, the Mesozoic Deposits particle diameter that covers is less, and water content is larger, and the reduction of the water content at same time interval is also larger.Under the covering and parcel of sand, because husky seepage speed is fast, the time that water stops in sand is short, and ancient, Mesozoic Deposits can't reach capacity, and structure is not disperseed yet.The highest behind the sillar moisture content 2h of particle diameter 2cm, be 23.12%, increase along with particle diameter, water content drops to 20.55%, illustrate particle diameter excessive be difficult for saturated, and then be unfavorable for water holding, illustrate in the husky situation about covering that ancient, Mesozoic Deposits particle diameter also is to have preferably moisture holding capacity during less than 4cm.Behind the 30h, particle diameter 2cm is ancient, the Mesozoic Deposits water content is minimum, drops to 5.88%, and particle diameter is suitable greater than the moisture content of the Gu of 2cm, Mesozoic Deposits, between 20.30%～20.33%.As seen, under the covering of sand, Gu, Mesozoic Deposits particle diameter are greater than 2cm, and water retention is extremely remarkable.
In the land control process, after Gu, Mesozoic Deposits and sand mixed, part was exposed, part is wrapped up in by sand hill and protected, and namely partly the function of Gu, Mesozoic Deposits tends to absorb moisture, and part Gu, Mesozoic Deposits function tend to store moisture.Comprehensive two states analysis, simultaneously from practical standpoint, the mixing particle diameter is that Gu, the Mesozoic Sedimentary sillar of 2cm～4cm are comparatively rational particle size range in sand, the preferred wherein particle size range of 3cm～4cm.
Used Gu, the particle diameter of Mesozoic Deposits are 2cm～4cm in the following process of the test.
(2) physicochemical characteristic test
This test is take the correlation theory index as foundation, the Optimum Experiment of doing so that the physical characteristic of the physical characteristic of husky basic composite earth and soil approaches.
1, prepares sample
Volume ratio take Gu, Mesozoic Deposits and sand disposed test specimen as 1: 6,1: 5,1: 3,1: 2,1: 1,1: 0.5,1: 0.2, and fully mixed it for subsequent use.
2, test method
Adopt pipette method to measure mechanical composition; Adopt the cylinder impregnating method to measure capillary porosity; Adopt constant head method to measure saturated hydraulic conductivity; It is organic to adopt volumetric analysis to measure; Adopt the total porosity of unit weight calculation sample.
3, result of the test
The soil texture and the physical property of the husky basic composite earth of table 2 different ratios of raw materials
Soil with good preserve moisture and fertility ability could satisfy the plant growth demand, and for sand ground, quality, water, fertilizer are main limiting factors.The soil texture and soil physical and chemical property are closely related, for this reason by measuring mechanical composition, to obtain husky basic composite earth quality, choose simultaneously saturated hydraulic conductivity and capillary porosity as water holding water retention capacity index, be optimized as the raw material proportioning of fertility index to the basic composite earth of sand of the present invention with organic matter.
According to result shown in the table 2, mechanical composition and soil texture index according to the basic composite earth of sand can be found out, increase along with the Gu in the sand, Mesozoic Deposits addition, grains of sand content in the composite earth constantly reduces, silt content constantly increases, clay content tends towards stability after the mass ratio of Gu, Mesozoic Deposits and sand is 1: 1, and the composite earth quality becomes loam, silty loam by sand, sandy loam gradually.Be to adapt to the growth of various crop, in conjunction with the purpose that sand ground is administered, can prepare sandy loam or loam, be about to ancient, Mesozoic Deposits and be controlled at 1: 1 with the proportioning of sand～between 1: 5.
Saturated hydraulic conductivity and capillary porosity have determined air capacity of soils, permeability and water conservation, the fertilizer-preserving ability of soil.Along with increase ancient, the addition of Mesozoic Deposits in sand, the saturated hydraulic conductivity of husky basic composite soil reduces gradually, illustrates that the permeability of composite earth reduces gradually, after 1: 1 proportioning, variation tends towards stability, and illustrates that the relatively poor Gu of permeability, Mesozoic Deposits have played decisive action gradually.Soil permeability is too high, moisture runs off easily, and permeability is excessively low, also unfavorable growing with crop, general dryland soil ventilating slit (ventilating slit=total porosity-capillary porosity, the total porosity of all test specimens is 47.2%) ratio can not be lower than 10%, and calculate accordingly the proportioning upper limit and be about 1: 1.The capillary pore has determined the preserve moisture and fertility ability of soil, and along with increase ancient, Mesozoic Deposits addition in sand, the capillary porosity of husky basic composite soil has brought up to 44.94% from 26.33%, illustrates that its preserve moisture and fertility ability increases gradually.On the other hand, capillary porosity should reach 50%～60% of total porosity (total porosity of all test specimens is 47.2%) in the good soil structure, calculates thus the proportioning lower limit and is about 1: 5.
The content of organic matter as fertility index, variation along with Gu, Mesozoic Deposits and husky mixed proportion, its excursion is 0.053%-0.106%, as seen the content of organic matter of Gu, Mesozoic Deposits and husky different mixing proportion is all lower, belongs to six grades (＜0.6%) of organic classification in the national arable soil nutrient grade scale.And the organic various nutrients that can provide crop to need, preserve moisture and fertility ability and the resiliency of enhancing soil promote granular structure to form, and improve soil physical property, promote the physiologically active of microorganism and plant etc.The content of organic matter of preparing the composite earth initial sample in this experiment all can not satisfy the needs of actual agricultural production, and the later stage must increase soil fertility by measures such as application of organic fertilizers, green manuring, straw-returnings.
To sum up, through overtesting and analytical calculation, the proportioning that can control Gu, Mesozoic Deposits and sand is 1: 1～1: 5.
Through above-mentioned analytic explanation, quality, the physico-chemical property of the basic composite earth of sand of the present invention and soil are suitable, and the basic composite earth of the sand provided by the present invention crop growth that suits is described.
Carry out following potato planting test on the basis of above-mentioned materialization test, so that the technique effect of the basic composite earth of sand of the present invention is supported explanation.
(3) proportion of crop planting Optimum Experiment
1, test region design
According to the requirement of potato to growing environment, Experimental Base is laid five residential quarters, and each residential quarter area is 2m * 2m; Be loess in the test region one, thickness is 70cm; Test region two interior laying layer gross thickness are 70cm, and wherein, the upper strata is husky basic composite earth, and the volume ratio of Gu, Mesozoic Deposits and sand is 1: 1, and its thickness is 30cm, and bottom is husky, and its thickness is 40cm; Test region three an interior laying layer gross thickness are 70cm, and wherein, the upper strata is husky basic composite earth, and ancient, Mesozoic Deposits and husky volume ratio are that 1: 1.5, thickness are 30cm, and bottom is 40cm for its thickness of sand; Test region four an interior laying layer gross thickness are 70cm, and wherein, the upper strata is husky basic composite earth, and ancient, Mesozoic Deposits and husky volume ratio are that 1: 3, thickness are 30cm, and bottom is 40cm for its thickness of sand; Be husky in the test region five, thickness is 70cm.
(2) plantation
Potato seed method for planting routinely is designed test region plantation potato.Implantation methods and final management and maintenance in each test region are identical.The output of the potato of each test region sees Table 3.
Table 3 potato yield
By result shown in the table 3 as can be known: the potato yield of full sand ground is minimum, only has 242kg/ mu.Although the potato yield of loess has reached 517kg/ mu, but be lower than the output of Gu, Mesozoic Deposits and husky each test region that mixes; Its middle ancient times, Mesozoic Deposits and husky mixed proportion are that the potato yield of 1: 1.5 and 1: 3 has reached respectively 650kg/ mu and 783kg/ mu, show after the above results contrast that volume proportion that potato is adapted at Gu, Mesozoic Deposits and sand is to plant on 1: 1.5～1: 3 the husky basic composite earth.And because potato happiness sandy soil, so its output on Gu, Mesozoic Deposits and 1: 3 composite earth of sand is higher.
Below be the embodiment that the applicant provides, so that technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are all carried out in the sand ground in Meng Jiawan village, Yulin city Yuyang District Meng Jiawan township.
Embodiment:
Husky basic composite earth in the present embodiment is to be that 1: 3 Gu, Mesozoic Deposits and sand mixes by volume ratio, particle diameter ancient, Mesozoic Deposits is 3cm～4cm, and used Gu, Mesozoic Deposits pick up from Meng Jiawan village, Yuyang District Meng Jiawan township, Yulin city.With the method plantation potato routinely of the husky basic composite earth among this embodiment, its output can reach 704kg/ mu, is higher than at the output 510kg/ mu of loessland with identical method plantation potato.
Claims (2)
1. husky basic composite earth that is used for the plantation potato, this composite earth is mixed with sand by ancient, Mesozoic Deposits, it is characterized in that, and particle diameter ancient, Mesozoic Deposits is 2cm～4cm, and the volume ratio of ancient, Mesozoic Deposits and sand is 1:3.
2. the husky basic composite earth for the plantation potato as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the particle diameter of described Gu, Mesozoic Deposits is 3cm～4cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011102330661A CN102405821B (en) | 2011-08-12 | 2011-08-12 | Sand-based composite soil for planting potato |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011102330661A CN102405821B (en) | 2011-08-12 | 2011-08-12 | Sand-based composite soil for planting potato |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102405821A CN102405821A (en) | 2012-04-11 |
| CN102405821B true CN102405821B (en) | 2013-03-27 |
Family
ID=45908390
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011102330661A Active CN102405821B (en) | 2011-08-12 | 2011-08-12 | Sand-based composite soil for planting potato |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102405821B (en) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101390468B (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2010-08-18 | 四川大学 | Preparation method of red-layer sandstone slope wounded surface artificial soil |
| CN101755513A (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2010-06-30 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Method and application for improving aeolian sandy soil by using peat |
-
2011
- 2011-08-12 CN CN2011102330661A patent/CN102405821B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102405821A (en) | 2012-04-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102523774B (en) | Method for improving and greening natural saline soil | |
| Xia et al. | Soil hydro-physical characteristics and water retention function of typical shrubbery stands in the Yellow River Delta of China | |
| Haruna et al. | Effects of tillage, rotation and cover crop on the physical properties of a silt-loam soil | |
| CN103340114A (en) | Multilayer plant-cultivating bag made of linen | |
| CN106576480B (en) | The method that nutritive cube fills restoration of the ecosystem estuary mud-flat soil | |
| CN102934546A (en) | Method for rapidly improving plough-layer soil of newly cultivated barren lands in southern hilly and mountainous regions | |
| CN107396807A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of arid biogeographic zone transplanting big tree | |
| Wu et al. | Characteristics of surface runoff in a sandy area in southern Mu Us sandy land | |
| CN105766118B (en) | A kind of shoal soil body reconstructing method for Rice Cropping | |
| CN109629549B (en) | Gravel land soil body reconstruction structure and reconstruction method | |
| CN106358495B (en) | A method of carrying out forage rape plantation in Loess Plateau | |
| CN107439078A (en) | A kind of sand ground soil body reconstructing method | |
| CN206815352U (en) | The side slope mechanism of one species loam matrix | |
| CN103959953A (en) | Method for improving physical properties of urban soil | |
| CN102405819B (en) | Sand-base composite soil | |
| CN102405822B (en) | Method for retaining water in sand | |
| Chen et al. | Water utilization of typical plant communities in desert steppe, China | |
| CN106385851A (en) | In-situ restoration saline-alkali land vegetable planting method | |
| CN102409656B (en) | Sand stabilizing method | |
| Mingze et al. | Effects of straw size in buried straw layers on water movement in adjacent soil layers | |
| CN102405821B (en) | Sand-based composite soil for planting potato | |
| Li et al. | Hydrological characteristics and available water storage of typical karst soil in SW China under different soil–rock structures | |
| CN102405820B (en) | Fertility preserving method of sandlot | |
| McCoy | Commercial amendments for sand-based root zones: review and interpretation | |
| Zhangliu et al. | Soil physical quality as influenced by long-term fertilizer management under an intensive cropping system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: 710075 6th floor, Gaoke building, No. 52, Gaoxin Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Patentee after: SHAANXI PROVINCIAL LAND ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION GROUP Co.,Ltd. Address before: 710075 6th floor, Gaoke building, No. 52, Gaoxin Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Patentee before: SHAANXI ESTATE DEVELOPMENT SERVICE Corp. |
|
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20211222 Address after: 710026 north of Xingtai 7th Street, Chanba District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province Patentee after: SHAANXI DIJIAN LAND ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Address before: 710075 6th floor, Gaoke building, No. 52, Gaoxin Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Patentee before: SHAANXI PROVINCIAL LAND ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION GROUP Co.,Ltd. |
|
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |