CN102249815B - Special fertilizer for sour regurgitation field rice as well as preparation and use methods thereof - Google Patents
Special fertilizer for sour regurgitation field rice as well as preparation and use methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102249815B CN102249815B CN2011101370248A CN201110137024A CN102249815B CN 102249815 B CN102249815 B CN 102249815B CN 2011101370248 A CN2011101370248 A CN 2011101370248A CN 201110137024 A CN201110137024 A CN 201110137024A CN 102249815 B CN102249815 B CN 102249815B
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Abstract
The invention relates to preparation and use methods of a special fertilizer for sour regurgitation field rice. The special fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 25-30 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of diammonium phosphate, 15-20 parts of potassium chloride, 10-15 parts of calcium magnesium phosphorus, 10-15 parts of zinc phosphate, 10-15 parts of biology silicon fertilizer and 10-15 parts of white stone powder. The fertilizer mainly aims at obstacle characteristics of sour regurgitation field soil, nutrition demand law of rice, fertilizer suitability and the like, the special fertilizer for sour regurgitation field rice is developed by scientific compatibility of basic fertilizers and the biology silicon fertilizer in a complex mixed fertilizer pelleting mode; the preparation method of the special fertilizer is simple; and by using the fertilizer in the invention, physical and chemical properties of acidic soil can be effectively changed, the balance of soil nutrition can be promoted, and poison of reduced substances is reduced, thereby improving the utilization rate and product quality of a chemical fertilizer and achieving the effect of increasing yield and income.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture field, more specifically relate to a kind of sour regurgitation water in field rice special fertilizer and preparation and application thereof.
Background technology
The sour regurgitation field is that South China Tropical or Subtropical Coastal area are a kind of take sour regurgitation as low yield rice soil main, the salty evil of holding concurrently.Oceanfront is China's rapid economic development and population the densest area, is also the zone that concentrate in the sour regurgitation field, and along with the crunch of development tourism, mining, harbour, industry and agricultural breeding, area reduces year by year, the resource scarcity that seriously overloads.Taking full advantage of limited cultivated land resource, improve farmland quality and productivity of cultivated land, is the key subjects that current China agricultural faces.For Ensuring Food Safety, country has put into effect " the newly-increased 1,000 hundred million jin of grain-production abilities planning in the whole nation " (2008-2020).The sour regurgitation field is take loam and clay as many, fertilizer conservation and fertilizer better performances, and mineral nutrition is abundant, as long as strengthen cultivating and managing and improvement utilizes, its potential productivity is very large.Therefore, strengthen sour regurgitation field improvement and exploitation to Ensuring Food Safety, are improved the arable land margin and have important value.
The sour regurgitation field mainly is distributed in the location, river mouth in each inflow sea, great river of Coastline of South China Sea in China, area is wide.Its soil parent material is the Deltaic deposit that the strand becomes long-pending or river outlet, and soil is salty, sour, poisonous substance matter content is high, is the leading barrier factors of hazard rice growth.Why like this sour regurgitation field is, is that Cheng Tianhou, the salinity of seawater accumulate in topsoil (arable layer) because before the several years, these places are seabeaches, are subjected to the tide Long term immersion, and the decline mangrove forest of residual death of seabeach is deposited and buries.Substratum in the sour regurgitation field apart from table soil tens centimetres of left and right contains the residual body of a large amount of mangrove forest, and the residual body of these mangroves is rich in sulphur, produces sulfuric acid under certain condition, makes soil be acid.Soil acidity is too high induces the murder by poisoning such as active aluminum, iron of high density, and these are salty, sour for subsoil, poisonous substance matter is with evaporation and the soil capillarity of arable layer moisture, constantly rise and build up in arable layer, affect the paddy rice normal growth.Sour regurgitation field weather of living in and the suitable paddy growth of physical geography condition, mineral nutrition is abundant, and in nitrogen, phosphorus, silicon etc., trace element deficiency are obstruction factors of sour regurgitation field important nutrients.Therefore, according to sour regurgitation field soil obstacle characteristic, by using the science compatibility of alkaline fertilizer and biological silicon fertilizer, physicochemical character to effective change acid soil, promote soil nutrient balance, reduce reducing substance and poison, improve rice yield and economic benefit significant.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of preparation and application of anti-sour regurgitation water in field rice special fertilizer, this fertilizer is mainly for sour regurgitation field soil obstacle characteristic, crop nutrition content demand rule and fertilizer variety suitability etc., the sour regurgitation water in field rice special fertilizer of developing by compound granulation mode, its preparation method is simple, can effectively overcome sour regurgitation field soil obstacle.
The present invention implements by following technical solution:
A kind of raw material of sour regurgitation water in field rice special fertilizer forms and mass fraction is: urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, calcium magnesium phosphorus, zinc phosphate, biological silicon fertilizer and white stone powder; Each mass fraction that forms is urea 25-30 part, diammonium phosphate 10-15 part, Repone K 15-20 part, calcium magnesium phosphorus 10-15 part, zinc phosphate 10-15 part, biological silicon fertilizer 10-15 part and white stone powder 10-15 part.
The best of described special fertilizer forms and mass fraction is: 12 parts of 25 parts, urea, 13 parts of diammonium phosphate, 16 parts, Repone K, 10 parts, calcium magnesium phosphorus, 12 parts of zinc phosphates, 12 parts of biological silicon fertilizers and white stone powders.
The preparation method's of this paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer concrete steps comprise:
1) raw material is processed: first urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, calcium magnesium phosphorus, zinc phosphate, biological silicon fertilizer and white stone powder are pulverized with crusher, all materials are all crossed 80 eye mesh screens;
2) material mixing: each material is weighed by described mass fraction, all send into and carry out up and down, left and right in mixing machine, inside and outsidely stir equably, thereby make material reach abundant mixing;
3) rotary table granulation: the mass transport that first will account for mixture gross weight 40～50% is carried out granulation to granulating disc, the rotating disk pitch angle control of tablets press is 45
0～55
0, the tablets press rotating speed should be accelerated gradually, and last rotating speed is controlled at 55～65r/min, intermittently sprays moisture, and tablets press rotating disk and water spray angle are 65
0Allow material rotation 8～10min in rotating disk, make the material turning of surface wettability form ball, then add continuously leftover materials, ball is grown up gradually, the whole granulation time is controlled at 15～18min;
4) particle oven dry: the material that granulation is good directly dries or is transported in the dryer of 65～75 ℃ dries, and makes moisture content of material≤2.5%;
5) finished product sieves: the mass transport after drying is sieved to screen cloth, finally makes finished product grain size be controlled at 1.0～4.75mm, namely is prepared into described cold immersed field paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer.
6) make sour regurgitation water in field rice special fertilizer; Total nutrient (N+P
2O
5+ K
2O) 〉=35%, water content＜2.5%, water-soluble phosphorus account for available phosphorus percentage 〉=50%, granularity (1.0～4.75mm) 〉=90%, chlorion≤3%.
The using method of this paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is every mu and uses this paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer 70kg, and wherein base manure accounts for 60%, and tillering fertilizer accounts for 25%, and ear manuer accounts for 15%.
Described base manure should be used when ploughing a field whole ground, and tillering fertilizer 15-20d after final singling uses, and ear manuer was used in boot stage, took the circumstances into consideration to adjust fertilizing time according to the rice varieties characteristic.
Advantage of the present invention is: the sour regurgitation water in field rice special fertilizer preparation method of the present invention's preparation is simple, raw material sources are simple and easy to, for sour regurgitation field soil obstacle characteristic, crop nutrition content demand rule and fertilizer variety suitability etc., develop sour regurgitation water in field rice special fertilizer by compound granulation mode and can effectively overcome sour regurgitation field soil obstacle, have significant economic benefit.
Embodiment
The raw material of a kind of cold immersed field paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer forms and mass fraction is: urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, calcium magnesium phosphorus, phosphoric acid, biological silicon fertilizer and white stone powder; Each mass fraction that forms is urea 25-30 part, diammonium phosphate 10-15 part, Repone K 15-20 part, calcium magnesium phosphorus 10-15 part, zinc phosphate 10-15 part, biological silicon fertilizer 10-15 part and white stone powder 10-15 part.
The best of described special fertilizer forms and mass fraction is: 12 parts of 25 parts, urea, 13 parts of diammonium phosphate, 16 parts, Repone K, 10 parts, calcium magnesium phosphorus, 12 parts of zinc phosphates, 12 parts of biological silicon fertilizers and white stone powders.
The preparation method's of this paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer concrete steps comprise:
1) raw material is processed: first urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, calcium magnesium phosphorus, zinc phosphate, biological silicon fertilizer and white stone powder are pulverized with crusher, all materials are all crossed 80 eye mesh screens;
2) material mixing: each material is weighed by described mass fraction, all send into and carry out up and down, left and right in mixing machine, inside and outsidely stir equably, thereby make material reach abundant mixing;
3) rotary table granulation: rotary table granulation: the mass transport that first will account for mixture gross weight 40～50% is carried out granulation to granulating disc, the rotating disk pitch angle control of tablets press is 45
0～55
0, the tablets press rotating speed should be accelerated gradually, and last rotating speed is controlled at 55～65r/min, intermittently sprays moisture, and tablets press rotating disk and water spray angle are 65
0Allow material rotation 8～10min in rotating disk, make the material turning of surface wettability form ball, then add continuously leftover materials, ball is grown up gradually, the whole granulation time is controlled at 15～18min;
4) particle oven dry: the material that granulation is good directly dries or is transported in the dryer of 65～75 ℃ dries, and makes moisture content of material≤2.5%;
5) finished product sieves: the mass transport after drying is sieved to screen cloth, finally makes finished product grain size be controlled at 1.0～4.75mm, namely is prepared into described sour regurgitation water in field rice special fertilizer.
Embodiment 1
The materials such as urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, calcium magnesium phosphorus, zinc phosphate, biological silicon fertilizer and white stone powder are sent into respectively crusher carry out fragmentation, the sample after pulverizing is all crossed 80 order mesh screens.After sieving, each material mixes by a certain percentage, wherein urea 250kg, diammonium phosphate 130kg, Repone K 160kg, calcium magnesium phosphorus 100kg, zinc phosphate 120kg, biological silicon fertilizer 120kg and white stone powder 120kg.Various materials are carried out up and down, left and right in mixing machine, inside and outsidely stir equably, thereby make material reach abundant mixing.The mass transport that first will account for mixture gross weight 40～50% is carried out granulation to granulating disc, the tablets press speed control is at 60r/min, and intermittently spray moisture, allow material rotation 9min in rotating disk, make the material turning of surface wettability form ball, add continuously leftover materials again, ball is grown up gradually, the whole granulation time is controlled at 16min; Dry in the dryer of the mass transport to 65 that granulation is good～75 ℃, make moisture content of material≤2.5%; Mass transport after oven dry is sieved to screen cloth, finally make finished product grain size be controlled at 1.0～4.75mm.
The using method of described sour regurgitation water in field rice special fertilizer is: use this special fertilizer 70kg for every mu, wherein base manure accounts for 60%, and tillering fertilizer accounts for 25%, and ear manuer accounts for 15%.Base manure is used in conjunction with ploughing a field wholely, and tillering fertilizer 15-20d after final singling uses, and ear manuer was used in boot stage.Every mu of the paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer of this best proportioning can improve rice yield 33%.
Embodiment 2
The materials such as urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, calcium magnesium phosphorus, zinc phosphate, biological silicon fertilizer and white stone powder are sent into respectively crusher carry out fragmentation, the sample after pulverizing is all crossed 100 order mesh screens.After sieving, each material mixes by a certain percentage, wherein urea 280kg, diammonium phosphate 100kg, Repone K 140kg, calcium magnesium phosphorus 130kg, zinc phosphate 140kg, biological silicon fertilizer 110kg and white stone powder 100kg.
Urea 25-30 part, diammonium phosphate 10-15 part, Repone K 15-20 part, calcium magnesium phosphorus 10-15 part, zinc phosphate 10-15 part, biological silicon fertilizer 10-15 part and white stone powder 10-15 part.Various materials are carried out up and down, left and right in mixing machine, inside and outsidely stir equably, thereby make material reach abundant mixing.First will account in mixture 500 kg is delivered to and carries out granulation in granulating disc, the tablets press speed control is at 55r/min, and intermittently spray moisture, allow material rotation 8min in rotating disk, make the material turning of surface wettability form ball, add continuously leftover materials again, ball is grown up gradually, the whole granulation time is controlled at 15min; Dry in the dryer of the mass transport to 65 that granulation is good～75 ℃, make moisture content of material≤2.5%; Mass transport after oven dry is sieved to screen cloth, finally make finished product grain size be controlled at 1.0～4.75mm.
The using method of described cold immersed field paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is: use this special fertilizer 70kg for every mu, wherein base manure accounts for 60%, and tillering fertilizer accounts for 25%, and ear manuer accounts for 15%.Base manure is used in conjunction with ploughing a field wholely, and tillering fertilizer 15-20d after final singling uses, and ear manuer was used in boot stage.Every mu of the paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer of this best proportioning can improve rice yield 23%.
Embodiment 3
The materials such as urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, calcium magnesium phosphorus, zinc sulfate and weathered coal are sent into respectively crusher carry out fragmentation, the sample after pulverizing is all crossed 60 order mesh screens.After sieving, each material mixes by a certain percentage, wherein urea 300kg, diammonium phosphate 150kg, Repone K 150kg, calcium magnesium phosphorus 100kg, zinc phosphate 100kg, biological silicon fertilizer 100kg and white stone powder 100kg.Various materials are carried out up and down, left and right in mixing machine, inside and outsidely stir equably, thereby make material reach abundant mixing.First mixture 400 kg are delivered to and carry out granulation in granulating disc, the tablets press speed control is at 65r/min, and intermittently spray moisture, allow material rotation 10min in rotating disk, make the material turning of surface wettability form ball, add continuously leftover materials again, ball is grown up gradually, the whole granulation time is controlled at 18min; Dry in the dryer of the mass transport to 65 that granulation is good～75 ℃, make moisture content of material≤2.5%; Mass transport after oven dry is sieved to screen cloth, finally make finished product grain size be controlled at 1.0～4.75mm.
The using method of described cold immersed field paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is: use this special fertilizer 70kg for every mu, wherein base manure accounts for 60%, and tillering fertilizer accounts for 25%, and ear manuer accounts for 15%.Base manure is used in conjunction with ploughing a field wholely, and tillering fertilizer 15-20d after final singling uses, and ear manuer was used in boot stage.Every mu of the paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer of this best proportioning can improve rice yield 25%.
Comparative Examples
Guangdong passes on rich composite fertilizer company limited according to the rice nutrition characteristic, on the basis of suitable nitrogen phosphorus potassium proportioning, adds the national patented product Huolisu, makes the Huolisu paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer.Its nutrient proportioning 18-5-9, phosphorus water-solubility contains SiO greater than 50% in fertilizer
21%, Huolisu 1.6%.This fertilizer can effectively provide the paddy rice normal growth essential nutrition, thereby improves rice yield.But when this fertilizer of evidence is used on the sour regurgitation field, can not effectively solve the soil defective in sour regurgitation field, improvement soil physical and chemical property and satisfy demand at sour regurgitation Tanaka rice cultivation, its every mu rice yield be lower than implementing paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer per mu yield of the present invention, be its 4/5ths.
Full element paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer is a kind of NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE fertilizer that the Siping City fertilizer plant is produced according to the paddy growth nutritive property.Special fertilizer nutrient total content 50.2%, wherein nitrogenous 17.7%, phosphorus 7.8%, potassium 6.9% are in iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, molybdenum, boron, chlorine etc., trace element 17.6%.This fertilizer nutrient is complete, fertilizer efficiency is long, can improve crop varieties, strengthens resistance, thereby improves crop yield.But this fertilizer of evidence is used in the sour regurgitation field, can not effectively solve the soil defective in sour regurgitation field, improvement soil physical and chemical property and satisfy demand at sour regurgitation Tanaka rice cultivation, its every mu rice yield be lower than implementing paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer per mu yield of the present invention, be its 2/3rds.
Application example
This product is in field test, show through expert's onsite acceptance: use sour regurgitation water in field rice special fertilizer and can avoid rice seedling acid evil, enhancing rice anti-rice blast etc. self disease ability, promote root growth, cane is stood upright, strengthen the transportation of the photosynthate of blade, improve rice yield 23～33%, every mu increases by 110～220 yuan of economic benefits.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equalizations of doing according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. sour regurgitation water in field rice special fertilizer is characterized in that: the raw material of described special fertilizer forms and mass fraction is: urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, calcium magnesium phosphorus, zinc phosphate, biological silicon fertilizer and white stone powder; Each mass fraction that forms is urea 25-30 part, diammonium phosphate 10-15 part, Repone K 15-20 part, calcium magnesium phosphorus 10-15 part, zinc phosphate 10-15 part, biological silicon fertilizer 10-15 part and white stone powder 10-15 part;
The concrete steps of its preparation method comprise:
1) raw material is processed: first urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, calcium magnesium phosphorus, zinc phosphate, biological silicon fertilizer and white stone powder are pulverized with crusher, all materials are all crossed 80 eye mesh screens;
2) material mixing: each material is weighed by described mass fraction, all send into and carry out up and down, left and right in mixing machine, inside and outsidely stir equably, thereby make material reach abundant mixing;
3) rotary table granulation: the mass transport that first will account for mixture gross weight 40～50% is carried out granulation to granulating disc, the rotating disk pitch angle control of tablets press is at 45 °～55 °, the tablets press rotating speed should be accelerated gradually, last rotating speed is controlled at 55～65r/min, intermittently spray moisture, tablets press rotating disk and water spray angle are 65 °; Allow material rotation 8～10min in rotating disk, make the material turning of surface wettability form ball, then add continuously leftover materials, ball is grown up gradually, the whole granulation time is controlled at 15～18min;
4) particle dries or dries: the material that granulation is good directly dries or is transported in the dryer of 65～75 ℃ dries, and makes moisture content of material≤2.5%;
5) finished product sieves: the mass transport after will drying or dry is sieved to screen cloth, finally makes finished product grain size be controlled at 1.0～4.75mm, namely is prepared into described sour regurgitation water in field rice special fertilizer.
2. a kind of sour regurgitation water in field rice special fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the best of described special fertilizer forms and mass fraction is: 12 parts of 25 parts, urea, 13 parts of diammonium phosphate, 16 parts, Repone K, 10 parts, calcium magnesium phosphorus, 12 parts of zinc phosphates, 12 parts of biological silicon fertilizers and white stone powders.
3. the using method of a sour regurgitation water in field rice special fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described using method is every mu and uses this paddy rice-dedicated fertilizer 70kg, and wherein base manure accounts for 60%, and tillering fertilizer accounts for 25%, and ear manuer accounts for 15%.
4. the using method of sour regurgitation water in field rice special fertilizer according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described base manure should be used when ploughing a field whole ground, tillering fertilizer 15-20d after final singling uses, and ear manuer was used in boot stage, takes the circumstances into consideration to adjust fertilizing time according to the rice varieties characteristic.
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102786356A (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2012-11-21 | 江西开门子肥业股份有限公司 | Special long-acting fertilizer for rice |
| CN103820258A (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2014-05-28 | 南通优尼科化工有限公司 | Zinc phosphate composite fertilizer for grain |
| CN104262048B (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2016-06-15 | 湖北祥云(集团)化工股份有限公司 | A kind of alkaline complex fertilizer preventing and improve soil acidification and preparation method thereof |
| CN105272760A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-01-27 | 金正大诺泰尔化学有限公司 | Special alkaline rice fertilizer capable of modifying soil persistently and production process thereof |
| CN105924258A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-09-07 | 四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Winter paddy rice special fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106566559A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-04-19 | 湖北省中微肥测试有限公司 | Soil conditioner for cold waterlogged paddy field in southern and preparation method thereof |
| CN106717239B (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2019-08-09 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Mitigate the water management method of sour regurgitation field acid evil |
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