CN103948632B - 蟾饲五谷虫抗菌肽的医药用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于医药技术领域,涉及蟾饲五谷虫抗菌肽的新用途,具体涉及蟾饲五谷虫抗菌肽在制备抑菌剂中的应用。蟾饲五谷虫抗菌肽对铜绿假单胞菌,甲型伤寒沙门杆菌,和肠炎沙门杆菌,志贺杆菌具有抑制作用,尤其针对铜绿假单胞菌,甲型伤寒沙门杆菌,和肠炎沙门杆菌具有明显的抑制作用。
Description
技术领域:
本发明属于医药技术领域,涉及蟾饲五谷虫抗菌肽的新用途,具体涉及蟾饲五谷虫抗菌肽在制备抑菌剂中的应用。
背景技术:
蟾饲五谷虫是以蟾蜍科属中华大蟾蜍(Bufobufogargarizans Cantor)或黑眶蟾蛛(B.melanostictus Schneider)等尸体为培养基质,人工培养的丽蝇科昆虫大头金蝇或其近缘昆虫的干燥幼虫。主产于华中、华东地区,我国各地区均有分布,一年四季均可采收。蟾饲五谷虫含蛋白质质量分数为62.70%、脂肪质量分数为11.20%、几丁聚糖质量分数为16%,氨基酸18种,含抗菌肽质量分数为0.264%。另外还含有华蟾蜍毒基和羟基华蟾蜍毒基等成分。
抗菌肽(antibacterial peptides)广义上是指存在于生物体内具有抵抗外界微生物侵害、消除体内突变细胞的一类小分子多肽(Prates MV,Sforca ML,Regis Wc,TheNWR-derived solution structure of a new cationic antimicrobial peptides fromthe skin secretion of the anuran Hyla Punctana[J].J Biol Chem.2004,279(13):13018-13026.) 。抗菌肽广泛存在于动物的免疫细胞(如吞噬细胞)、各种脏器的粘膜、皮肤以及植物的花、果、叶中。抗菌肽也被称为生物的第二防御体系,家蝇抗菌肽的产生是由于外界环境的干扰,或者经过免疫诱导等方式,让家蝇体内产生一种免疫小分子即抗菌肽,但是免疫方式操作繁琐,工作量大。
不同的抗菌肽抑菌种类和抑菌效果往往不尽相同,因此可以采用不同的受试菌研究蟾饲五谷虫抗菌肽的抑菌结果,选择抑菌活性较强的受试菌,从而使其更有效地得以利用。
发明内容
本发明所解决的技术问题是提供蟾饲五谷虫抗菌肽的新用途,具体涉及其在制备抑菌剂中的应用。
本发明是通过如下技术方案实现的:
蟾饲五谷虫抗菌肽对铜绿假单胞菌,甲型伤寒沙门杆菌,和肠炎沙门杆菌,志贺杆菌具有抑制作用,尤其针对铜绿假单胞菌,甲型伤寒沙门杆菌,和肠炎沙门杆菌具有明显的抑制作用。
其中,蟾饲五谷虫抗菌肽通过如下方法获得:
(1)提取
蟾饲五谷虫为沸水处理过的干燥虫体,称取50g两份,一份用磷酸盐缓冲溶液溶剂(0.05mol/L的NaH2PO4 81.7ml与0.05mol/L Na2HPO4 12.3ml,调PH为6)处理,另一份用0.05mol/L乙酸铵溶剂(用乙酸调节PH为5)处理。样品干燥虫体和溶剂比为1:2,用匀浆机搅拌半个小时,放置一个晚上,样品液分别记号为1号和2号。放置过夜的样品,将 1号液采用低速离心机以5000r/min的速度离心15min,得上清液,除去大颗粒杂质,将上清液继续用0.22um的滤膜减压过滤,得到的滤液用高速离心机15000r/min的速度离心 30min,除去细胞器杂质等物质,滤液继续用0.22um的滤膜过滤的滤液,得到的1号澄清滤液。2号样品液仍然采用相同的处理方法。即得到2号澄清样品液。
(2)样品的除脂
以2号液磷酸盐缓冲溶液所提样品进行除脂处理,首先用相同体积的正己烷萃取12h,然后得到的水层采用相同体积的乙酸乙酯液离心。离心后得到的水层采用4摄氏度冰箱保存。
(3)样品的浓缩
盐析,是在蛋白质溶液中加入中性盐,破坏蛋白质的水化膜,而达到使蛋白质沉淀的作用,常用的中性盐有氯化钠,硫酸铵,由于硫酸铵在水溶液中溶解度大,且比较容易除去,所以我们采用硫酸铵盐析的方式。
实验中我们以80%的硫酸铵沉淀,慢慢的加入硫酸铵,防止局部过浓,引起蛋白质变性,1号和2号液均采取这样的方式处理,盐析半个小时。
(4)样品的再溶解
盐析过的1号和2号蛋白液,利用高速离心机,15000r/min离心15min,除去上清液,1号采用磷酸盐缓冲溶液溶解,2号采用乙酸铵缓冲溶液溶解,溶解液备用。
(5)样品溶液除菌
在无菌操作台下,用可以灭菌的0.22um的滤膜,用无菌的注射器,吸取1号和2号溶液,过滤膜,得到样品无菌液。
蟾饲五谷虫抗菌肽对铜绿假单胞菌,甲型伤寒沙门杆菌,和肠炎沙门杆菌,志贺杆菌具有抑制作用,尤其针对铜绿假单胞菌,甲型伤寒沙门杆菌,和肠炎沙门杆菌具有明显的抑制作用。
试验结果表明,蟾饲五谷虫抗菌肽可以用于制备抑菌剂。
附图说明
图1为甲型沙门伤寒杆菌抑菌结果;
图2为志贺杆菌的抑菌结果;
图3为甲型沙门杆菌的抑菌结果;
图4为对照组抑菌结果;
图5为肠炎沙门杆菌的抑菌结果;
图6为金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌结果;
图7为大肠杆菌的抑菌结果;
图8为枯草杆菌的抑菌结果;
图9为苏云金芽孢杆菌的抑菌结果;
图10为苏云金芽孢杆菌亚型的抑菌结果;
图11为阴沟肠杆菌抑菌结果。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
蟾饲五谷虫抗菌肽的制备:
(1)提取
蟾饲五谷虫为沸水处理过的干燥虫体,称取50g两份,一份用磷酸盐缓冲溶液溶剂(0.05mol/L的NaH2PO4 81.7ml与0.05mol/L Na2HPO4 12.3ml,调PH为6)处理,另一份用0.05mol/L乙酸铵溶剂(用乙酸调节PH为5)处理。样品干燥虫体和溶剂比为1:2,用匀浆机搅拌半个小时,放置一个晚上,样品液分别记号为1号和2号。
放置过夜的样品,将1号液采用低速离心机以5000r/min的速度离心15min,得上清液,除去大颗粒杂质,将上清液继续用0.22um的滤膜减压过滤,得到的滤液用高速离心机15000r/min的速度离心30min,除去细胞器杂质等物质,滤液继续用0.22um的滤膜过滤的滤液,得到的1号澄清滤液。2号样品液仍然采用相同的处理方法。即得到2号澄清样品液。
(2)样品的除脂
以2号液磷酸盐缓冲溶液所提样品进行除脂处理,首先用相同体积的正己烷萃取12h,然后得到的水层采用相同体积的乙酸乙酯液离心。离心后得到的水层采用4摄氏度冰箱保存。
(3)样品的浓缩
盐析,是在蛋白质溶液中加入中性盐,破坏蛋白质的水化膜,而达到使蛋白质沉淀的作用,常用的中性盐有氯化钠,硫酸铵,由于硫酸铵在水溶液中溶解度大,且比较容易除去,所以我们采用硫酸铵盐析的方式。
实验中我们以80%的硫酸铵沉淀,慢慢的加入硫酸铵,防止局部过浓,引起蛋白质变性,1号和2号液均采取这样的方式处理,盐析半个小时。
(4)样品的再溶解
盐析过的1号和2号蛋白液,利用高速离心机,15000r/min离心15min,除去上清液,1号采用磷酸盐缓冲溶液溶解,2号采用乙酸铵缓冲溶液溶解,溶解液备用。
(5)样品溶液除菌
在无菌操作台下,用可以灭菌的0.22um的滤膜,用无菌的注射器,吸取1号和2号溶液,过滤膜,得到样品无菌液。
实施例2:
抑菌试验:
(1)抑菌试验的前处理
抑菌试验所需的培养皿,移液管,三角爬,接种针,琼脂片都需要灭菌,我们设置灭菌锅温度为121.3℃,灭菌30min.
(2)培养基的配置:
配置固体培养基,牛肉膏5g,蛋白胨10g,NaCL5g,琼脂15g,水1000ml,用NaOH调节PH7.0-7.2,配置完的固体培养基倒入250ml锥形瓶中,密封瓶口,放入灭菌锅中和其它仪器一起灭菌。灭菌条件同上。
(3)抗菌肽溶液浓度的测定
采用考马斯亮兰法(Bradofrd法),蛋白标液:准确称取结晶牛血清白蛋白50mg,用0.9 %NaCL溶液配成浓度为400ug/mL的溶液。显色液:称取考斯亮兰G250400mg,置于玻璃研钵中,加入0.5mL高氯酸研磨约30分钟后,再加入1.0mL高氯酸,继续充分研磨至完全溶解。加入约194mL水4.5mL高氯酸,混匀,用三角漏斗过滤。以3%的高氯酸溶液将滤液在465nm处的吸光度调至1.3一1.5之间(1cm比色杯)。避光存放显色液。
标准曲线的制作:取6支洁净试管,分别按下表加入试剂,各管混匀后,以蒸馏水作参比,测定各管在波长595nm和波长465nm处吸光度A值。计Ai=OD595/OD465之值,以Ai’=Ai一Al为纵坐标,蛋白浓度为横坐标,绘制蛋白浓度标准曲线。并计算Ai’=Ai一 Al,于标准曲线上查出对应蛋白浓度。
表1:标准曲线绘制
样品测定:将0.9%NaCL溶液将蛋白稀释到20-40ug/ml.取1.0ml蛋白溶液,加入1.0ml显色液,混匀。参照标准曲线测定方法测定OD595和OD495之值,并计算Ai’=Ai一Al,于标准曲线上查出对应蛋白浓度。通过标准曲线得到1为3.5ug/ml,2为4.3ug/ml.计算的原来浓度为1为35mg/ml,2为43mg/ml。
实施例3:
采用抑菌圈法,以金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococu aureur),志贺杆菌(Shigellosis),阴沟肠杆菌Enterobacter cloacae,苏云金芽孢杆菌(bacilliusthuringiensis),枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis),保加利亚型苏云金芽孢杆菌(The Republic of Bulgaria bacilliusthuringiensis),铜绿假芽孢杆菌(pseudomonas aeruginosa),甲型伤寒沙门杆菌(paratyphosum A Bacterium),肠炎沙门杆菌(Salmonella),大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli).为供试菌,以104CFU为单位,测定抑菌结果。结果如图1-11所示。
试验结果可知,蟾饲五谷虫的抗菌肽对铜绿假单胞菌,甲型伤寒沙门杆菌,和肠炎沙门杆菌具有明显的抑制作用。由于本实验所得到为样品的总提取液,测定的为样品中蛋白质的总浓度,所以抗菌肽的浓度较低,明显地,分离纯化得到的样品会有更明显的抑菌作用。
Claims (1)
1.蟾饲五谷虫抗菌肽在制备抑制甲型伤寒沙门杆菌或肠炎沙门杆菌制剂中的应用,其特征在于,所述的蟾饲五谷虫抗菌肽通过如下方法制备:
(1)提取
蟾饲五谷虫为沸水处理过的干燥虫体,称取50g两份,一份用磷酸盐缓冲溶液溶剂处理,所述的磷酸盐缓冲溶液溶剂为:0.05mol/L的NaH2PO4 81.7ml与0.05mol/L Na2HPO412.3ml,调PH为6,另一份用0.05mol/L的用乙酸调节PH为5的乙酸铵溶剂处理;
样品干燥虫体和溶剂比为1:2,用匀浆机搅拌半个小时,放置一个晚上,样品液分别记号为1号和2号;
放置过夜的样品,将1号液采用低速离心机以5000r/min的速度离心15min,得上清液,除去大颗粒杂质,将上清液继续用0.22um的滤膜减压过滤,得到的滤液用高速离心机15000r/min的速度离心,除去细胞器杂质物质,滤液继续用0.22um的滤膜过滤的滤液,得到的1号澄清滤液,2号样品液仍然采用相同的处理方法,即得到2号澄清样品液;
(2)样品的除脂
以1号液磷酸盐缓冲溶液所提样品进行除脂处理,首先用相同体积的正己烷萃取,然后得到的水层采用相同体积的乙酸乙酯液离心,离心后得到的水层采用4摄氏度冰箱保存;
(3)样品的浓缩
以80%的硫酸铵沉淀,慢慢的加入硫酸铵,1号澄清滤液除脂后的样品和2号澄清样品液均采取同样的方式处理,盐析半个小时;
(4)样品的再溶解
盐析过的1号和2号蛋白液,利用高速离心机,15000r/min离心,除去上清液,1号采用磷酸盐缓冲溶液溶解,2号采用乙酸铵缓冲溶液溶解,溶解液备用;
(5)样品溶液除菌
在无菌操作台下,用可以灭菌的0.22um的滤膜,用无菌的注射器,吸取1号再溶解液和2号再溶解液,分别过滤膜,得到样品1号无菌液和2号无菌液。
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