CN103937555A - Single-nozzle water-coal-slurry entrained-flow bed gasifier and gasification method of same - Google Patents
Single-nozzle water-coal-slurry entrained-flow bed gasifier and gasification method of same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a single-nozzle water-coal-slurry entrained-flow bed gasifier and a gasification method of the same. The gasifier comprises an upper shell, wherein the upper shell comprises an arch section, a straight-barrel section and a lower conical section, and a lower shell is arranged at the bottom of the straight-barrel section; and a second fireproof lining is arranged on the inner wall of the straight-barrel section, the second fireproof lining comprises a heat-isolation coating, a chrome corundum brick layer and a chromium-aluminium-zirconium brick layer, the thickness ratio of the heat-isolation coating to the chrome corundum brick layer is (0.5:100)-(8:40), and the heat-isolation coating is a nanometre hollow ceramic bead coating layer. The gasification method comprises the following steps of: S1, conveying a fuel gas, an oxidant and water-coal-slurry to a gasification chamber, and carrying out combustion reaction and gasification reaction; and S2, converting the molten slag to be in a liquid state at a slag outlet, crushing the molten slag into solid molten slag after chilling crushing, and discharging the generated crude coal gas from a crude coal gas outlet. According to the gasifier and the gasification method provided by the invention, the thickness of the fireproof lining is reduced, the use volume of the gasifier is increased, the efficiency of the gasifier is increased, and the service lie of the fireproof lining of the gasifier is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device and gasification process of carbonaceous material gasification being produced to raw gas, particularly relate to a kind of single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stove and gasification process thereof.
Background technology
Coal Clean efficiently utilizes, and is not only the key that coal is converted into clean secondary energy and chemical, is also the tie of realizing between coal utilization and environment protection.Along with the development of industrial technology, Coal Gasification Technology has experienced first-generation fixed bed gasification technology, s-generation fluidized-bed gasification technology and third generation entrained flow bed gasification technology.From raw material form, can the gasification of fine coal lump coal, beans gasification, coal gasification and coal water slurry gasification etc.Efficient main method and the means of utilizing of Coal Clean have been become taking fine coal and coal water slurry as the third generation air-flow bed coal-gasification technology of feed state.
Coal water slurry gasification technology, except the aspect such as ash fusion point and the sludge forming performance restriction to coal, has good raw material conveying, metering and operational stability, is current most widely used Coal Gasification Technology.Single nozzle gasification technology and multi-nozzle coal water slurry gasification technology are the main flows of international coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification technology.With regard to control and feed system, coal water slurry gasification technology has Controlling System and the feature such as operating process is simple, separate but the baker of existing single nozzle hot wall type coal water slurry gasification technology and gasification move burner, cause vapourizing furnace startup procedure very complicated, workload is large.Meanwhile, existing vapourizing furnace aspect ratio is less, causes a large amount of logistics because of the short circuit of jet material on the one hand, and efficiency of carbon conversion is low, and integrated gasification efficiency is low; Recirculating zone, vapourizing furnace middle and lower part speed is very large on the other hand, and the temperature of middle and lower part is higher, causes vapourizing furnace middle and lower part refractory brick life very short.
In addition, airflow bed gasification furnace refractory liner, mainly contains two kinds of modes such as membrane wall and refractory brick at present, and wherein membrane wall lining is mainly used in high ash melting point gasification technology, is characterized in that allowable temperature is high, thermosteresis is larger; Lining of fire brick is mainly used in the relatively low gasification technology of ash fusion point, is characterized in that wall thermosteresis is little, and gasification overall thermal efficiency is high.The domestic application the most widely vapourizing furnace of Texaco's (now for GE general) coal water slurry gasification technology and Coal-water slurry gasification with opposed multi-burners all adopts lining of fire brick.As shown in Figure 1-2, existing refractory liner by refractory fibre material 4 ', insulating brick 3 ' (alumina brick, thermal conductivity is about 0.9W/mK), chrome corundum brick layer 2 ' (Cr-Al, thermal conductivity is about 4W/mK) and chromium aluminium zirconia block layer 1 ' (Cr-Al-Zr, thermal conductivity is about 4.2W/mK) composition, thickness is very large, and expense is also very high.To process the multiple-nozzle contraposition type coal water slurry gasification stove of 2000 tons of coals day as example, refractory fibre material thickness is about 19mm, insulating brick thickness is about 105mm, chrome corundum brick layer is about 200mm, chromium aluminium zirconia block layer is about 230mm, general thickness is about 554mm, and the volume of vapourizing furnace vaporizer approximately 55% is all occupied by refractory brick, greatly reduces the volume rate of utilization of vapourizing furnace.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is low in order to overcome in existing single nozzle airflow bed gasification furnace efficiency of carbon conversion, the problems such as short and start-up process workload of short and pyrometer couple life-span of vapourizing furnace middle and lower part refractory brick life is large, provide a kind of single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stove and gasification process thereof of larger ratio of height to diameter of the segmentation support refractory brick with igniting, baker and technique integral type hyperchannel burner.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above by following technical proposals:
A kind of single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stove, comprise upper housing, the top of this upper housing is provided with nozzle box, and this upper housing is around being formed with a vaporizer, this upper housing comprises an arcuate segment, one direct tube section and a lower cone section, the two ends of this direct tube section are connected with this lower cone section with this arcuate segment respectively, its feature is, the bottom of this lower cone section is provided with a slag notch, the bottom of this direct tube section is vertically to having housing, in this lower housing, be formed with a condensing chamber, the upper portion side wall of this lower housing is provided with raw gas outlet, the bottom of this lower housing is provided with a slag-drip opening, the bottom of this lower cone section is installed with a water cooler and an airway being connected with this water cooler, one end of this airway is connected with this vaporizer by this slag notch, the other end is connected with this condensing chamber,
The inwall of this arcuate segment is provided with one first refractory liner, the inwall of this direct tube section is provided with one second refractory liner, the inwall of this lower cone section is provided with one the 3rd refractory liner, wherein, this second refractory liner comprises heat insulating coat, chrome corundum brick layer and chromium aluminium zirconia block layer from the inwall of this direct tube section successively to this vaporizer, the ratio of this heat insulating coat thickness and this chrome corundum brick layer thickness is (0.5): (100)-(8): (40), this heat insulating coat is nano-hollow ceramic fine bead dope layer.
In this programme, this nano-hollow ceramic fine bead dope layer forms after spreading upon vapourizing furnace wall by the nano-hollow inorganic ceramic microballon coating of this area routine.The main chemical constitution of this nano inorganic cenosphere coating is AL
2o
3, SiO
2, TiO
2, B
2o
3, nano inorganic cenosphere and silicate solutions and aluminum silicate fiber fit in above-mentioned coating.Commercially available the obtaining of nano inorganic cenosphere coating, such as Beijing ZS-1 of will Sheng Weihua Chemical Co., Ltd. thermostable heat-isolating coating.
Meanwhile, in the present invention, the thermal conductivity of this heat insulating coat is preferably 0.03W/mK.This chromium aluminium zirconium (Cr-Al-Zr) brick layer is the chromium aluminium zirconia block layer of this area routine, and it is located at inner side of vapourizing furnace, and it directly contacts with the in-furnace slag that gasifies, and plays slag corrosion resistance and wearing and tearing.Chromium corundum (Cr-Al) brick layer is that the chromium corundum of this area routine turns layer, it is located in the middle of heat insulating coat and chromium aluminium zirconium (Cr-Al-Zr) brick layer, the effect of playing is that the temperature that coordinates heat insulating coat and chromium aluminium zirconia block layer to ensure vapourizing furnace upper housing metal wall remains under permissible temperature, and prevents in vapourizing furnace burner hearth that slag is by the out rear and heat insulating coat crevice corrosion heat insulating coat of slot leakage of chromium aluminium zirconia block layer.
Preferably, the ratio of this heat insulating coat thickness and this chrome corundum brick layer thickness is 4:100-8:40.
Preferably, the ratio of this heat insulating coat thickness, chrome corundum brick layer thickness and this chromium aluminium zirconia block layer thickness is (4-8): (40-100): (230-260).
Preferably, the thickness of this heat insulating coat is 0.5-8mm, is preferably 4-8mm.
Preferably, the thickness of this chrome corundum brick layer is 40-100mm.
Preferably, the thickness of this chromium aluminium zirconia block layer is 230-260mm.
The 3.5-5 of the diameter that preferably, the height of this direct tube section is this vaporizer doubly.
In this programme, adopt the aspect ratio structure formation that increases direct tube section, extend the residence time of coal particle in vaporizer on the one hand, improve efficiency of carbon conversion and the gasification efficiency of vapourizing furnace; For absorbing temperature gasification and high flame radiation heat, reduce the temperature that flame contacts with furnace wall on the other hand, reduced the recirculating zone intensity in vapourizing furnace simultaneously.
Preferably, the inwall of this direct tube section be provided with at least two spaced for supporting the brick support disc of this second refractory liner, respectively this brick support disc is arranged between this chrome corundum brick layer and a supporting brick, this supporting brick becomes stepped appearance to be arranged in this chromium aluminium zirconia block layer, and close respectively this brick support disc place of this chromium aluminium zirconia block layer is respectively equipped with some dilatation joints, and the material of this supporting brick is chromium aluminium zirconium.
In this programme, arranging of brick support disc can segmentation be supported refractory brick, also avoided most of high thermocouple temperature to shear and damage because brickwork joint expands, and meanwhile, absorbs the expansion of refractory brick by certain dilatation joint is set,
Preferably, the one technique nozzle stretching in this vaporizer is installed in this nozzle box, this technique nozzle is from inside to outside followed successively by first channel-2n passage vertically, 3≤n≤6, wherein, in first channel, be provided with burning torch, second passage, four-way ..., 2n passage is all for passing into oxygenant, third channel ..., 2n-1 passage is all for passing into coal water slurry.
In this programme, burning torch is for the igniting of vapourizing furnace baker, second passage, four-way, 2n passage is all for passing into respectively from house steward from the oxygenant distributing, this oxygenant can be air or oxygen, adopt with multiple coal slurry passages at oxygen interval simultaneously and add, on the one hand the serous coat thickness of each coal slurry passage is reduced greatly, atomization is abundant, and then improve efficiency of carbon conversion and the whole efficiency that gasifies, on the other hand for coal combustion and the required oxygenant of gasification are provided, like this can be by the igniting of vapourizing furnace, the nozzle such as baker and operation concentrates in same nozzle and completes, avoid replacing nozzle, reduce the workload that driving feeds intake.
Preferably, the quantity of this brick support disc is two, this first refractory liner and the second refractory liner junction are provided with a straight section seam, one of them this brick support disc to the distance of this straight section seam be positioned at this vaporizer of direct tube section diameter 0.1-0.25 doubly, another this brick support disc is 2-2.5 times of diameter that is positioned at this vaporizer of direct tube section to the distance of this straight section seam.
In this programme, adopt said structure form, by being set, the dilatation joint at brick support disc place absorbs on the one hand the swell increment of brick, prevent that pyrometer couple from damaging because brick expands; On the other hand, be conducive to the replacing of the refractory brick partially short to local lifetime.
Preferably, uniformly vertically on this direct tube section be arranged at intervals with four thermopair interfaces, wherein, every two adjacent thermopair interfaces are not positioned on the same straight line parallel with the axis of this direct tube section.
In this programme, thermopair interface carrys out the temperature in measurement and monitoring vapourizing furnace for pyrometer couple is installed.
The present invention also provides a kind of gasification process of single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stove as above, and its feature is, it specifically comprises the following steps:
S
1, fuel gas, oxygenant, coal water slurry passed into this vaporizer of making a gift to someone in technique nozzle carry out combustion reactions, gasification reaction;
S
2, slag becomes liquid state at slag notch place, flows to shock chamber, and be crushed into solid slag after Quench heat exchange, and this solid slag is discharged through airway, the raw gas that vaporizer produces is discharged from raw gas outlet.
Preferably, step S
1specifically comprise the following steps:
S
11, burning torch igniting, second passage, four-way ..., 2n passage passes into oxygenant, 3≤n≤6, third channel ..., 2n-1 passage passes into fuel gas, then oxygenant and fuel gas enter in vaporizer, from the effect of igniting at burning torch, fuel gas and oxygen generation combustion reactions;
S
12, close burning torch, in first channel, pass into nitrogen or carbon dioxide;
S
13, after baker finishes, third channel ..., pass into coal water slurry in 2n-1 passage, then send into and in vaporizer, carry out gasification reaction.
In this programme, the nozzles such as the igniting of vapourizing furnace, baker and operation are concentrated in same nozzle and completed, avoid replacing nozzle, reduce the workload that driving feeds intake.
Preferably, this oxygenant sprays in this technique nozzle with the speed of 100m/s-140m/s, and coal water slurry sprays from technique nozzle with the speed that is less than 10m/s.
In this programme, when the speed of oxygenant is low, gas momentum cannot atomization coal slurry, in the time that speed is too high, causes material speed higher, and the residence time is partially short, and efficiency of carbon conversion is too low.By commerical test, while finding 100-140m/s, atomizing effect and the residence time are all ideal.
Meeting on the basis of this area general knowledge, above-mentioned each optimum condition, can arbitrary combination, obtains the preferred embodiments of the invention.
Positive progressive effect of the present invention is:
In the present invention, the structure of refractory liner is arranged so that in the situation that ensureing vapourizing furnace metallic walls face permissible temperature, greatly reduce refractory liner thickness, increased vapourizing furnace and use volume, improved vapourizing furnace efficiency, and extended the work-ing life of vapourizing furnace refractory liner; In addition, configure brick support disc and vapourizing furnace aspect ratio is rationally set, the formula that integrally combines burner, startup procedure and the speed of simplification vapourizing furnace, be conducive to the replacing to the partially short refractory brick of local lifetime, realized the efficient long-term operation of single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stove.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of prior art vapourizing furnace refractory liner.
Fig. 2 is the structure enlarged diagram of A part in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stove of preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structure enlarged diagram of B part in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the structure enlarged diagram of C part in Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is the structure enlarged diagram of E part in Fig. 3.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of brick support disc part in Fig. 3.
Description of reference numerals:
Existing refractory liner
Chromium aluminium zirconia block layer: 1 ' chrome corundum brick layer: 2 ' insulating brick: 3 '
Refractory fibre material: 4 '
Vapourizing furnace of the present invention
Upper housing: 1 nozzle box: 11 vaporizers: 12
Arcuate segment: 13 direct tube sections: 14 lower cone sections: 15
Slag notch: 16 technique nozzles: 17
Lower housing: 2 condensing chambers: 21 raw gas outlets: 22
Slag-drip opening: 23 water coolers: 24 airways: 25
The first refractory liner: 3 refractory fibre material: 31 insulating bricks: 32
Chrome corundum brick layer: 33 chromium aluminium zirconia block layers: 34 heat insulating coats: 35
The second refractory liner: 4 heat insulating coats: 41 chrome corundum brick layers: 42
Chromium aluminium zirconia block layer: 43
The 3rd refractory liner: 5 chromium aluminium zirconia block layers: 51
Brick support disc: 6 dilatation joints: 61 supporting bricks: 62
Straight section seam: 7
Thermopair interface: 8
Embodiment
Mode below by embodiment further illustrates the present invention.
As shown in Figure 3, single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stove of the present invention comprises upper housing 1, and the top of this upper housing 1 is provided with nozzle box 11, and this upper housing 1 is around being formed with a vaporizer 12.This upper housing 1 comprises arcuate segment 13, direct tube section 14 and lower cone section 15, and the two ends of this direct tube section 14 are connected with this lower cone section 15 with this arcuate segment 13 respectively, and the bottom of this lower cone section 15 is provided with a slag notch 16.
Wherein, the bottom of this direct tube section 14 vertically, to having housing 2, is formed with a condensing chamber 21 in this lower housing 2, and the upper portion side wall of this lower housing 2 is provided with raw gas outlet 22, and the bottom of this lower housing 2 is provided with a slag-drip opening 23.The bottom of this lower cone section 15 is installed with a water cooler 24 and an airway 25 being connected with this water cooler 24, and one end of this airway 25 is connected with this vaporizer 12 by this slag notch 16, and the other end is connected with this condensing chamber 21.
Please understood according to Fig. 3, the inwall of this arcuate segment 13 is provided with one first refractory liner 3, and the inwall of this direct tube section 14 is provided with one second refractory liner 4, and the inwall of this lower cone section 15 is provided with one the 3rd refractory liner 5.The first refractory liner, the 3rd refractory liner all adopt refractory liner structure well known in the prior art.
Wherein, as shown in Figure 4, this first refractory liner 3 comprises refractory fibre material 31, insulating brick 32, chrome corundum brick layer 33 and chromium aluminium zirconia block layer 34 from the inwall of this arcuate segment 13 successively to this vaporizer 12, and refractory fibre material 31 belows are provided with the heat insulating coat 35 between inwall and the insulating brick 32 of arcuate segment 13.
Understood according to Fig. 5, this second refractory liner 4 comprises heat insulating coat 41, chrome corundum brick layer 42 and chromium aluminium zirconia block layer 43 from the inwall of this direct tube section 14 successively to this vaporizer 12, and the ratio of this heat insulating coat thickness and this chrome corundum brick layer thickness is (0.5): (100)-(8): (40).
Please understood according to Fig. 6, the 3rd refractory liner 5 comprises the chromium aluminium zirconia block layer 51 on the inwall that is arranged on lower cone section.
In the second refractory liner, chromium aluminium zirconium (Cr-Al-Zr) brick layer is the chromium aluminium zirconia block layer of this area routine, and it is located at inner side of vapourizing furnace, and it directly contacts with the in-furnace slag that gasifies, and plays slag corrosion resistance and wearing and tearing.The thickness of the chromium aluminium zirconia block layer of this second refractory liner is preferably 230-260mm.
Chromium corundum (Cr-Al) brick layer is that the chromium corundum of this area routine turns layer, it is located in the middle of heat insulating coat and chromium aluminium zirconium (Cr-Al-Zr) brick layer, the effect of playing is that the temperature that coordinates heat insulating coat and chromium aluminium zirconia block layer to ensure vapourizing furnace upper housing metal wall remains under permissible temperature, and prevents in vapourizing furnace vaporizer that slag is by the out rear and heat insulating coat crevice corrosion heat insulating coat of slot leakage of chromium aluminium zirconia block layer.The thickness of the chrome corundum brick layer of this second refractory liner is preferably 40-100mm.
Preferably, the thermal conductivity of the heat insulating coat of the second refractory liner is preferably 0.03W/mK.And the thickness of the heat insulating coat of the second refractory liner is 0.5-8mm, be preferably 4-8mm.This heat insulating coat is nano-hollow ceramic fine bead dope layer.In the present invention, this nano-hollow ceramic fine bead dope layer forms after spreading upon vapourizing furnace wall by the nano-hollow inorganic ceramic microballon coating of this area routine.The main chemical constitution of nano inorganic cenosphere coating is AL
2o
3, SiO
2, TiO
2, B
2o
3, nano inorganic cenosphere and silicate solutions and aluminum silicate fiber fit in above-mentioned coating.
Further, the heat insulating coat thickness of this second refractory liner and the ratio of chrome corundum brick layer thickness are 4:100-8:40.
Further, the ratio of the heat insulating coat thickness of the second refractory liner, chrome corundum brick layer thickness and chromium aluminium zirconia block layer thickness is (4-8): (40-100): (230-260).
The 3.5-5 of the diameter that as shown in Figure 3, the height of this direct tube section is this vaporizer doubly.In the present invention, adopt the aspect ratio structure formation that increases direct tube section, extended the residence time of coal particle in vaporizer on the one hand, improve efficiency of carbon conversion and the gasification efficiency of vapourizing furnace; For absorbing temperature gasification and high flame radiation heat, reduce the temperature that flame contacts with furnace wall on the other hand, reduced the recirculating zone intensity in vapourizing furnace simultaneously.
Please understood according to Fig. 3,7, the inwall of this direct tube section be provided with at least two spaced for supporting the brick support disc 6 of this second refractory liner, each brick support disc 6 is arranged between this chrome corundum brick layer and supporting brick 62, this supporting brick becomes stepped appearance to be arranged in this chromium aluminium zirconia block layer 43, and close respectively this brick support disc place of this chromium aluminium zirconia block layer is respectively equipped with some dilatation joints 61, and the material of this supporting brick 62 is chromium aluminium zirconium.Wherein, arranging of brick support disc can segmentation be supported refractory brick, also avoid most of high thermocouple temperature to shear and damage because brickwork joint expands, simultaneously, by being set, certain dilatation joint absorbs the expansion of refractory brick, in actual use procedure, when the chromium aluminium zirconia block layer of brick support disc bottom or when damaged, because brick support disc is bearing the gravity of the chromium aluminium zirconia block layer on brick support disc top by supporting brick 62, thereby while changing separately the chromium aluminium zirconia block layer of brick support disc bottom, the chromium aluminium zirconia block layer on brick support disc top can't cave in.
As shown in Figure 3, a technique nozzle 17 stretching in this vaporizer is installed in this nozzle box.This technique nozzle is from inside to outside followed successively by first channel-2n passage vertically, 3≤n≤6, and n is integer.Wherein, in first channel, be provided with burning torch, second passage, four-way ..., 2n passage is all for passing into oxygenant, third channel ..., 2n-1 passage is all for passing into coal water slurry.In actual use procedure, oxygenant can be oxygen or air.
Wherein, burning torch is for the igniting of vapourizing furnace baker, second passage, four-way, 2n passage is all for passing into respectively from house steward from the oxygenant distributing, adopt with multiple coal slurry passages at oxygen interval simultaneously and add, on the one hand the serous coat thickness of each coal slurry passage is reduced greatly, atomization is abundant, and then improve efficiency of carbon conversion and the whole efficiency that gasifies, on the other hand for coal combustion and the required oxygenant of gasification are provided, like this can be by the igniting of vapourizing furnace, the nozzle such as baker and operation concentrates in same nozzle and completes, avoid replacing nozzle, reduce the workload that driving feeds intake.
Preferably, the quantity of this brick support disc 6 is two, and this first refractory liner 3 and the second refractory liner 4 junctions are provided with a straight section seam 7.One of them this brick support disc to the distance of this straight section seam be positioned at this vaporizer of direct tube section diameter 0.1-0.25 doubly, another this brick support disc is 2-2.5 times of diameter that is positioned at this vaporizer of direct tube section to the distance of this straight section seam.
In the present invention, straight section seam is positioned at arcuate segment and the tangent place of direct tube section.Absorb so on the one hand the swell increment of brick by the dilatation joint at brick support disc place is set, prevent that pyrometer couple from damaging because brick expands; On the other hand, when especially the life-span in chromium aluminium zirconia block layer, shorter chromium aluminium zirconia block damaged, utilize brick support disc can change separately the part of damage, be conducive to the replacing of the refractory brick partially short to local lifetime.
In addition, uniformly vertically on this direct tube section be arranged at intervals with four thermopair interfaces 8, wherein, every two adjacent thermopair interfaces are not positioned on the same straight line parallel with the axis of this direct tube section.Thermopair interface carrys out the temperature in measurement and monitoring vapourizing furnace for pyrometer couple is installed.
The present invention also provides a kind of gasification process of single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stove as above, and it specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 10, passes into by fuel gas, oxygenant, coal water slurry this vaporizer of making a gift to someone in technique nozzle and carries out combustion reactions, gasification reaction.
Step 11, slag becomes liquid state at slag notch place, flows to shock chamber through airway, and is crushed into solid slag after Quench heat exchange, and this solid slag is discharged, and the raw gas that vaporizer produces is discharged from raw gas outlet.
Wherein, step 10 specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 100, burning torch igniting, second passage, four-way ..., 2n passage passes into oxygenant, n >=3, n is integer, third channel ..., 2n-1 passage passes into fuel gas, then oxygenant and fuel gas enter in vaporizer, from the effect of igniting at burning torch, fuel gas and oxygen generation combustion reactions.Wherein, this fuel gas can be that liquefied gas, Sweet natural gas, rear system return to synthetic gas or off-gas.
Step 101, closes burning torch, passes into nitrogen or carbon dioxide in first channel.
Step 102, after baker finishes, third channel ..., pass into coal water slurry in 2n-1 passage, then send into and in vaporizer, carry out gasification reaction.Wherein, baker finishes to refer to that fuel gas and oxygen or air reaction finish.In addition, when third channel ..., while passing into coal water slurry in the odd chanel such as 2n-1 passage, second passage, four-way ..., the even-numbered channels such as 2n passage still passes into oxygenant.
The nozzles such as the igniting of vapourizing furnace, baker and operation are concentrated in same nozzle and completed, avoided replacing nozzle, reduce the workload that driving feeds intake.
Preferably, this oxygenant sprays in this technique nozzle with the speed of 100m/s-140m/s, and coal water slurry sprays from technique nozzle with the speed that is less than 10m/s.
Below for adopting single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stove of the present invention to carry out gasification test and the result that calculates, wherein, below refractory liner structure in effect embodiment be the structure of the second refractory liner in the present invention:
Effect embodiment 1
One day was processed the coal water slurry gasification system of 3000 tons of coals, and vapor pressure is 8.7MPa, and vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d is 3.4m, and vapourizing furnace service temperature is 1300 DEG C.Table 1 has provided existing refractory liner data, and table 2 provides the data of the refractory liner of the present embodiment vapourizing furnace.
Table 1, existing refractory liner data
| Parameter | Existing refractory liner |
| Vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d | 3.4m |
| Refractory fibre material thickness δ d | 19mm |
| Insulating brick thickness δ e | 105mm |
| Chrome corundum brick layer thickness δ b | 100mm |
| Chromium aluminium zirconia block layer thickness δ c | 230mm |
Table 2, the present embodiment refractory liner data industry analytical table
| Parameter | The present embodiment refractory liner |
| Vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d | 3.4m |
| Heat insulating coat thickness δ a | 4mm |
| Chrome corundum brick layer thickness δ b | 100mm |
| Chromium aluminium zirconia block layer thickness δ c | 260mm |
Table 3, existing refractory liner and the contrast of the present embodiment refractory liner
Note: refractory brick MaLS is that the minimum Corrosion rate of the chromium aluminium zirconia block of the existing vapourizing furnace that obtains with commercial measurement and the present embodiment vapourizing furnace calculates.
Table 3 has provided vapourizing furnace volumetric efficiency and the contrast of refractory liner life-span under two kinds of linings.Due to the present embodiment refractory liner greatly attenuate chrome corundum brick layer thickness δ
b, suitably increased chromium aluminium zirconia block layer thickness δ
c, therefore the cost of vapourizing furnace refractory liner reduces greatly, has improved the work-ing life of refractory brick simultaneously.According to chemical reaction engineering principle, if ensure, the mean residence time of material is certain in addition, and the vapourizing furnace operational load under the present invention can improve 15% than original technology.
Effect embodiment 2
One day was processed the coal water slurry gasification system of 1500 tons of coals, and vapor pressure is 6.5MPa, and vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d is 3.4m, and vapourizing furnace service temperature is 1300 DEG C.Table 4 has provided existing refractory liner data, and table 5 provides the data of the present embodiment vapourizing furnace refractory liner.
Table 4, existing refractory liner data
| Parameter | Existing refractory liner |
| Vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d | 3.4m |
| Refractory fibre material thickness δ d | 19mm |
| Insulating brick thickness δ e | 105mm |
| Chrome corundum brick layer thickness δ b | 200mm |
| Chromium aluminium zirconia block layer thickness δ c | 230mm |
Table 5, the present embodiment refractory liner
| Parameter | The present embodiment refractory liner |
| Vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d | 3.4m |
| Heat insulating coat thickness δ a | 6mm |
| Chrome corundum brick layer thickness δ b | 40mm |
| Chromium aluminium zirconia block layer thickness δ c | 260mm |
Table 6, existing refractory liner and the contrast of the present embodiment refractory liner
Note: refractory brick MaLS is that the minimum Corrosion rate of the chromium aluminium zirconia block of the existing vapourizing furnace that obtains with commercial measurement and the present embodiment vapourizing furnace calculates.
Table 6 has provided vapourizing furnace volumetric efficiency and the contrast of refractory liner life-span under two kinds of linings.Due to the present embodiment refractory liner greatly attenuate chrome corundum brick layer thickness δ
b, suitably increased chromium aluminium zirconia block layer thickness δ
c, therefore the cost of vapourizing furnace refractory liner reduces greatly, has improved the work-ing life of refractory brick simultaneously.According to chemical reaction engineering principle, if ensure, the mean residence time of material is certain in addition, and the present embodiment vapourizing furnace operational load can improve 53% than original technology.
Effect embodiment 3
One day was processed the coal water slurry gasification system of 3000 tons of coals, and vapor pressure is 4.2MPa, and vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d is 4.2m, and vapourizing furnace service temperature is 1300 DEG C.Table 7 has provided existing refractory liner data, and table 8 provides the data of the present embodiment vapourizing furnace refractory liner.
Table 7, existing refractory liner data
| Parameter | Existing refractory liner |
| Vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d | 4.2m |
| Refractory fibre material thickness δ d | 19mm |
| Insulating brick thickness δ e | 125mm |
| Chrome corundum brick layer thickness δ b | 200mm |
| Chromium aluminium zirconia block layer thickness δ c | 230mm |
Table 8, the present embodiment refractory liner data industry analytical table
| Parameter | The present embodiment refractory liner |
| Vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d | 4.2m |
| Heat insulating coat thickness δ a | 6.5mm |
| Chrome corundum brick layer thickness δ b | 40mm |
| Chromium aluminium zirconia block layer thickness δ c | 230mm |
Table 9, existing refractory liner and the contrast of the present embodiment refractory liner
Note: refractory brick MaLS is that the minimum Corrosion rate of the chromium aluminium zirconia block of the existing vapourizing furnace that obtains with commercial measurement and the present embodiment vapourizing furnace calculates.
Table 9 has provided vapourizing furnace volumetric efficiency and the contrast of refractory liner life-span under two kinds of linings.Due to the technology of the present invention refractory liner greatly attenuate chrome corundum brick layer thickness δ
bthickness, has suitably increased chromium aluminium zirconia block layer thickness δ
cthickness, therefore the cost of vapourizing furnace refractory liner reduces greatly, has improved the work-ing life of refractory brick simultaneously.According to chemical reaction engineering principle, if ensure, the mean residence time of material is certain in addition, and the vapourizing furnace operational load under the present invention can improve 40% than original technology.
Effect embodiment 4
One day was processed the coal water slurry gasification system of 800 tons of coals, and vapor pressure is 2.1MPa, and vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d is 3.4m, and vapourizing furnace service temperature is 1300 DEG C.Table 10 has provided existing refractory liner data, and table 11 provides the data of the present embodiment vapourizing furnace refractory liner.
Table 10, existing refractory liner data
| Parameter | Existing refractory liner |
| Vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d | 3.4m |
| Refractory fibre material thickness δ d | 19mm |
| Insulating brick thickness δ e | 150mm |
| Chrome corundum brick layer thickness δ b | 200mm |
| Chromium aluminium zirconia block layer thickness δ c | 230mm |
Table 11, the present embodiment refractory liner data industry analytical table
| Parameter | The present embodiment refractory liner |
| Vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d | 3.4m |
| Heat insulating coat thickness δ a | 8mm |
| Chrome corundum brick layer thickness δ b | 40mm |
| Chromium aluminium zirconia block layer thickness δ c | 235mm |
Table 12, existing refractory liner and the contrast of the present embodiment refractory liner
Note: refractory brick MaLS is that the minimum Corrosion rate of the chromium aluminium zirconia block of the existing vapourizing furnace that obtains with commercial measurement and the present embodiment vapourizing furnace calculates.
Table 12 has provided vapourizing furnace volumetric efficiency and the contrast of refractory liner life-span under two kinds of linings.Due to the present embodiment refractory liner greatly attenuate chrome corundum brick layer thickness δ
bthickness, has suitably increased chromium aluminium zirconia block layer thickness δ
cthickness, therefore the cost of vapourizing furnace refractory liner reduces greatly, has improved the work-ing life of refractory brick simultaneously.According to chemical reaction engineering principle, if ensure, the mean residence time of material is certain in addition, and the vapourizing furnace operational load under the present embodiment can improve 46% than original technology.
Effect embodiment 5
One day was processed the coal water slurry gasification system of 800 tons of coals, and vapor pressure is 2.1MPa, and vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d is 3.4m, and vapourizing furnace service temperature is 1300 DEG C.Table 13 has provided existing refractory liner data, and table 14 provides the data of the present embodiment vapourizing furnace refractory liner.
Table 13, existing refractory liner data
| Parameter | Existing refractory liner |
| Vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d | 3.4m |
| Refractory fibre material thickness δ d | 19mm |
| Insulating brick thickness δ e | 150mm |
| Chrome corundum brick layer thickness δ b | 200mm |
| Chromium aluminium zirconia block layer thickness δ c | 230mm |
Table 14, the present embodiment refractory liner data industry analytical table
| Parameter | The present embodiment refractory liner |
| Vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d | 3.4m |
| Heat insulating coat thickness δ a | 7.5mm |
| Chrome corundum brick layer thickness δ b | 95mm |
| Chromium aluminium zirconia block layer thickness δ c | 255mm |
Table 15, existing refractory liner and the contrast of the present embodiment refractory liner
| Parameter | Existing refractory liner | Refractory liner of the present invention |
| The shared volume ratio of refractory liner | ～49％ | ～31％ |
| Burner hearth useful volume ratio | ～51％ | ～69％ |
| Calculate gasification stove internal wall temperature | 209℃ | 209℃ |
| Refractory brick MaLS Note | 23000h | 27000h |
Note: refractory brick MaLS is that the minimum Corrosion rate of the chromium aluminium zirconia block of the existing vapourizing furnace that obtains with commercial measurement and the present embodiment vapourizing furnace calculates.
Table 15 has provided vapourizing furnace volumetric efficiency and the contrast of refractory liner life-span under two kinds of linings.Due to the present embodiment refractory liner greatly attenuate chrome corundum brick layer thickness δ
bthickness, has suitably increased chromium aluminium zirconia block layer thickness δ
cthickness, therefore the cost of vapourizing furnace refractory liner reduces greatly, has improved the work-ing life of refractory brick simultaneously.According to chemical reaction engineering principle, if ensure, the mean residence time of material is certain in addition, and the vapourizing furnace operational load under the present embodiment can improve 35% than original technology.
Effect embodiment 6
One day was processed the coal slurry gasifier of 1500 tons of coals, the single nozzle refractory brick gasification furnace of vapor pressure 6.5MPa, and oxygenant is purity oxygen.Vapourizing furnace upper housing internal diameter vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d is 3.4m, and vapourizing furnace service temperature is 1300 DEG C.Table 16 has provided existing vapourizing furnace data, and table 17 provides the data of the present embodiment vapourizing furnace.Wherein, D is vaporizer diameter.Slag tap temperature is 1300 DEG C, coal-water fluid concentration 60.25%.The coal analysis data that the implementation case is used are as shown in following table 19～table 21:
Table 16, existing vapourizing furnace data
| Parameter | Existing vapourizing furnace |
| Vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d (vaporizer diameter D) | 3.4(2.282)m |
| The number of channels of technique nozzle | 3 |
| The height H 1 of direct tube section | 2.4D |
| This brick support disc arrives the distance H 2 of this straight section seam | - |
| Another this brick support disc is to the distance H 3 of this straight section seam | - |
Table 17, the present embodiment vapourizing furnace data
| Parameter | The present embodiment vapourizing furnace |
| Vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d (vaporizer diameter D) | 3.4(2.282)m |
| The number of channels of technique nozzle | 6 |
| The height H 1 of direct tube section | 4D |
| This brick support disc arrives the distance H 2 of this straight section seam | 0.15D |
| Another this brick support disc is to the distance H 3 of this straight section seam | 2.2D |
Table 18, prior art and the present embodiment contrast
| Parameter | Existing vapourizing furnace | The present embodiment vapourizing furnace |
| Vapourizing furnace temperature out DEG C | 1330 | 1330 |
| Efficiency of carbon conversion % | 96 | 99 |
| Refractory brick MaLS Note | 23000h | 28000h |
| The short life of refractory brick Note | 4000h | 9000h |
| Than oxygen consumption Nm 3/1000Nm 3(CO+H 2) | 425.9 | 383.5 |
| Than coal consumption Nm 3/1000Nm 3(CO+H 2) | 642.9 | 595.9 |
| Effectively gas composition % | 79.1 | 81.7 |
Note: maximum Corrosion rate and the minimum Corrosion rate of the chromium aluminium zirconia block of the existing vapourizing furnace that the longest refractory brick life and the shortest refractory brick life obtain with commercial measurement respectively and the present embodiment vapourizing furnace calculate.
Table 18 provided the short life of vapourizing furnace efficiency of carbon conversion under two kinds of vapourizing furnaces, refractory brick, than oxygen consumption, than coal consumption and effectively gas composition contrast.Because the height H 1 of the direct tube section in the present invention increases greatly with the ratio of vaporizer diameter D, according to reaction engineering principle, shortest time and the mean residence time of vapourizing furnace gas-solid two phase materials of the present invention improve respectively 65%, Gu the efficiency of carbon conversion of pulverized coal particle is greatly improved; Change coal slurry stream strand into two passages from traditional single passage in addition and enter (being equivalent to 750 tons/day/passage), greatly reduce the thickness of coal slurry liquid film, promote greatly nozzle atomization performance, greatly reduce droplet dia, thereby further improve efficiency of carbon conversion, reduced oxygen and the consumption of coal.
In addition, use baker and operation integral type burner, original vapourizing furnace has been reduced to 10-15% from baker to the time of the operation that feeds intake.
Simultaneously, by vapourizing furnace refractory liner is arranged to two-layer brick support disc, above the part a little less than relative thin of the present invention, brick support disc is set, realize the shortest refractory brick of this weakness zone life-span (being chromium aluminium zirconia block layer) is changed separately, fully and effectively bring into play the rate of utilization of top refractory liner, greatly improve the bulk life time of vapourizing furnace refractory liner, thereby reduce operation and maintenance cost.
Table 19, technical analysis table
| Parameter | Numerical value |
| Total water Mar | 15.17％(wt) |
| Dry base fixed carbon Md | 57.22％(wt) |
| Dry base volatile matter Vd | 32.00％(wt) |
| Dry base ash content Ad | 10.78％(wt) |
Table 20, ultimate analysis table
| Parameter | Numerical value |
| Dry base carbon Cd | 71.82％(wt) |
| Dry base hydrogen Hd | 4.26％(wt) |
| Dry base oxygen Od | 11.51％(wt) |
| Dry base nitrogen Nd | 0.79％(wt) |
| The dry full sulphur St of base, d | 0.81％(wt) |
Table 21, calorific value and ash fusion point table
| Parameter | Numerical value |
| Dry base net calorific value Qgr, d | 28.55MJ/kg |
| Yield temperature FT | 1250℃ |
In addition, in the time that the second refractory liner structure in the present embodiment adopts the refractory liner structure of embodiment 2, vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d is 3.4m, and vaporizer diameter D is 2.762m.With this understanding, the effect comparison of the vapourizing furnace of vapourizing furnace of the present invention and prior art is as shown in the table.
The different refractory liner implementation result contrasts of table 22 the present embodiment vapourizing furnace
| Parameter | Existing refractory liner | The refractory liner of embodiment 2 |
| Vaporizer diameter D | 2.282m | 2.762m |
| Burner hearth useful volume/traditional vapourizing furnace volume | ～165％ | ～244％ |
| Vapourizing furnace operational load ton/sky | 1500 | ～2300 |
Note: maximum Corrosion rate and the minimum Corrosion rate of the chromium aluminium zirconia block of the existing vapourizing furnace that the longest refractory brick life and the shortest refractory brick life obtain with commercial measurement respectively and the present embodiment vapourizing furnace calculate.
As can be known from the above table, by the optimization to vapourizing furnace refractory liner, the useful volume of burner hearth, from 165% original further raising 53%, is being ensured in the performance basis of table 18, can by the operational load of vapourizing furnace from design 1500 tons/day, bring up to 2300 tons/day.
Effect embodiment 7
One day was processed the coal slurry gasifier of 3000 tons of coals, the single nozzle refractory brick gasification furnace of vapor pressure 4.2MPa, and oxygenant is purity oxygen.Table 23 has provided existing vapourizing furnace data, and table 24 provides the data of the present embodiment vapourizing furnace.Wherein, vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d is 4.2m, and D is vaporizer diameter.Slag tap temperature is 1300 DEG C, coal-water fluid concentration 60.5%.
Table 23, existing vapourizing furnace data
| Parameter | Existing vapourizing furnace |
| Vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d (vaporizer diameter D) | 4.2(3.082)m |
| The number of channels of technique nozzle | 3 |
| The height H 1 of direct tube section | 2.5D |
| This brick support disc arrives the distance H 2 of this straight section seam | - |
| Another this brick support disc is to the distance H 3 of this straight section seam | - |
Table 24, the present embodiment vapourizing furnace data
| Parameter | The present embodiment vapourizing furnace |
| Vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d (vaporizer diameter D) | 4.2(3.082)m |
| The number of channels of technique nozzle | 8 |
| The height H 1 of direct tube section | 5D |
| This brick support disc arrives the distance H 2 of this straight section seam | 0.25D |
| Another this brick support disc is to the distance H 3 of this straight section seam | 2.5D |
Table 25, existing vapourizing furnace and the contrast of the present embodiment vapourizing furnace
| Parameter | Existing vapourizing furnace | The present embodiment vapourizing furnace |
| Vapourizing furnace temperature out DEG C | 1330 | 1330 |
| Efficiency of carbon conversion % | 92.6 | 98.5 |
| Refractory brick MaLS Note | 23000h | 25000h |
| The short life of refractory brick Note | 4000h | 9000h |
| Than oxygen consumption Nm 3/1000Nm 3(CO+H 2) | 475.9 | 390.5 |
| Than coal consumption Nm 3/1000Nm 3(CO+H 2) | 692.9 | 605.1 |
| Effectively gas composition % | 75.1 | 81.0 |
Note: maximum Corrosion rate and the minimum Corrosion rate of the chromium aluminium zirconia block of the existing vapourizing furnace that the longest refractory brick life and the shortest refractory brick life obtain with commercial measurement respectively and the present embodiment vapourizing furnace calculate.
Table 25 provided the short life of vapourizing furnace efficiency of carbon conversion under two kinds of vapourizing furnaces, refractory brick, than oxygen consumption, than coal consumption and effectively gas composition contrast.Because the height H 1 of the direct tube section in the present embodiment increases greatly with the ratio of vaporizer diameter D, according to reaction engineering principle, shortest time and the mean residence time of vapourizing furnace gas-solid two phase materials of the present invention improve respectively 100%, Gu the efficiency of carbon conversion of pulverized coal particle is greatly improved; Change coal slurry stream burst into triple channel from traditional single passage in addition and enter (being equivalent to 1000 tons/day/passage), greatly reduce the thickness of coal slurry liquid film, promote greatly nozzle atomization performance, greatly reduce droplet dia, thereby further improve efficiency of carbon conversion, reduced oxygen and the consumption of coal.
In addition, use baker and operation integral type burner, original vapourizing furnace has been reduced to 10-15% from baker to the time of the operation that feeds intake.
Simultaneously, by vapourizing furnace refractory liner is arranged to two-layer brick support disc, above the part a little less than relative thin of the present invention, brick support disc is set, realize the shortest refractory brick of this weakness zone life-span (being chromium aluminium zirconia block layer) is changed separately, fully and effectively bring into play the rate of utilization of top refractory liner, greatly improve the bulk life time of vapourizing furnace refractory liner, thereby reduce operation and maintenance cost.
In addition, in the time that the second refractory liner structure in the present embodiment adopts the refractory liner structure of embodiment 3, vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d is 4.2m, and vaporizer diameter D is 3.562m.With this understanding, the effect comparison of the vapourizing furnace of vapourizing furnace of the present invention and prior art is as shown in the table.
The different refractory liner implementation result contrasts of table 26 the present embodiment vapourizing furnace
| Parameter | Existing refractory liner | The refractory liner of embodiment 3 |
| Vaporizer diameter D | 3.082 | 3.562 |
| Burner hearth useful volume/traditional vapourizing furnace volume | ～200％ | ～280％ |
| Vapourizing furnace operational load ton/sky | 3000 | ～4000 |
As can be known from the above table, by the optimization to vapourizing furnace refractory liner, the useful volume of burner hearth, from 200% original further raising 40%, is being ensured in the performance basis of table 25, the operational load of vapourizing furnace further can improved from being designed to 3000 tons/day.
Effect embodiment 8
One day was processed the coal slurry gasifier of 800 tons of coals, the single nozzle refractory brick gasification furnace of vapor pressure 2.1MPa, and oxygenant is purity oxygen.Table 27 has provided existing vapourizing furnace data, and table 28 provides the data of the present embodiment vapourizing furnace.Wherein, vapourizing furnace upper housing internal diameter is 3.4m, and D is vaporizer diameter.Slag tap temperature is 1300 DEG C, coal-water fluid concentration 60.5%.
Table 27, existing vapourizing furnace data
| Parameter | Existing vapourizing furnace |
| Vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d (vaporizer diameter D) | 3.4(2.200)m |
| The number of channels of technique nozzle | 3 |
| The height H 1 of direct tube section | 2.4D |
| This brick support disc arrives the distance H 2 of this straight section seam | - |
| Another this brick support disc is to the distance H 3 of this straight section seam | - |
Table 28, the present embodiment vapourizing furnace data
| Parameter | The present embodiment vapourizing furnace |
| Vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d (vaporizer diameter D) | 3.4(2.200)m |
| The number of channels of technique nozzle | 6 |
| The height H 1 of direct tube section | 3.5D |
| This brick support disc arrives the distance H 2 of this straight section seam | 0.1D |
| Another this brick support disc is to the distance H 3 of this straight section seam | 2.0D |
Table 29, existing vapourizing furnace and the contrast of the present embodiment vapourizing furnace
| Parameter | Existing vapourizing furnace | The present embodiment vapourizing furnace |
| Vapourizing furnace temperature out DEG C | 1330 | 1330 |
| Efficiency of carbon conversion % | 96 | 98.7 |
| Refractory brick MaLS Note | 43000h | 25000h |
| The short life of refractory brick Note | 4000h | 9000h |
| Than oxygen consumption Nm 3/1000Nm 3(CO+H 2) | 425.9 | 388.6 |
| Than coal consumption Nm 3/1000Nm 3(CO+H 2) | 642.9 | 598.5 |
| Effectively gas composition % | 79.1 | 81.3 |
Note: maximum Corrosion rate and the minimum Corrosion rate of the chromium aluminium zirconia block of the existing vapourizing furnace that the longest refractory brick life and the shortest refractory brick life obtain with commercial measurement respectively and the present embodiment vapourizing furnace calculate.
Table 29 provided the short life of vapourizing furnace efficiency of carbon conversion under two kinds of vapourizing furnaces, refractory brick, than oxygen consumption, than coal consumption and effectively gas composition contrast.Because the height H 1 of the direct tube section in the present invention increases greatly with the ratio of vaporizer diameter D, according to reaction engineering principle, shortest time and the mean residence time of vapourizing furnace gas-solid two phase materials of the present invention improve respectively 45%, Gu the efficiency of carbon conversion of pulverized coal particle is greatly improved; Change coal slurry stream burst into triple channel from traditional single passage in addition and enter (being equivalent to 400 tons/day/passage), greatly reduce the thickness of coal slurry liquid film, promote greatly nozzle atomization performance, greatly reduce droplet dia, thereby further improve efficiency of carbon conversion, reduced oxygen and the consumption of coal.
In addition, use baker and operation integral type burner, original vapourizing furnace has been reduced to 10～15% from baker to the time of the operation that feeds intake.
Simultaneously, by vapourizing furnace refractory liner is arranged to two-layer brick support disc, above the part a little less than relative thin of the present invention, brick support disc is set, realize the shortest refractory brick of this weakness zone life-span (being chromium aluminium zirconia block layer) is changed separately, fully and effectively bring into play the rate of utilization of top refractory liner, greatly improve the bulk life time of vapourizing furnace refractory liner, thereby reduce operation and maintenance cost.
In addition, in the time that the second refractory liner structure in the present embodiment adopts the refractory liner structure of embodiment 4, vapourizing furnace upper housing inner diameter d is 3.4m, and vaporizer diameter D is 2.685m.With this understanding, the effect comparison of the vapourizing furnace of vapourizing furnace of the present invention and prior art is as shown in the table.
The different refractory liner implementation result contrasts of table 30 the present embodiment vapourizing furnace
| Parameter | Existing refractory liner | The refractory liner of embodiment 4 |
| Vaporizer diameter D | 2.200 | 2.685 |
| Burner hearth useful volume/traditional vapourizing furnace volume | ～146％ | ～217％ |
| Vapourizing furnace operational load ton/sky | 800 | 1150 |
As can be known from the above table, by the optimization to vapourizing furnace refractory liner, the useful volume of burner hearth, from 45% original further raising 46%, is being ensured in the performance basis of table 29, can by the operational load of vapourizing furnace from design 800 tons/day, bring up to 1150 tons/day.
Although more than described the specific embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that this only illustrates, protection scope of the present invention is limited by appended claims.Those skilled in the art is not deviating under the prerequisite of principle of the present invention and essence, can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments, but these changes and amendment all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. a single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stove, comprise upper housing, the top of this upper housing is provided with nozzle box, and this upper housing is around being formed with a vaporizer, this upper housing comprises an arcuate segment, one direct tube section and a lower cone section, the two ends of this direct tube section are connected with this lower cone section with this arcuate segment respectively, it is characterized in that, the bottom of this lower cone section is provided with a slag notch, the bottom of this direct tube section is vertically to having housing, in this lower housing, be formed with a condensing chamber, the upper portion side wall of this lower housing is provided with raw gas outlet, the bottom of this lower housing is provided with a slag-drip opening, the bottom of this lower cone section is installed with a water cooler and an airway being connected with this water cooler, one end of this airway is connected with this vaporizer by this slag notch, the other end is connected with this condensing chamber,
The inwall of this arcuate segment is provided with one first refractory liner, the inwall of this direct tube section is provided with one second refractory liner, the inwall of this lower cone section is provided with one the 3rd refractory liner, wherein, this second refractory liner comprises heat insulating coat, chrome corundum brick layer and chromium aluminium zirconia block layer from the inwall of this direct tube section successively to this vaporizer, the ratio of this heat insulating coat thickness and this chrome corundum brick layer thickness is (0.5): (100)-(8): (40), this heat insulating coat is nano-hollow ceramic fine bead dope layer.
2. single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stove as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the ratio of this heat insulating coat thickness and this chrome corundum brick layer thickness is 4:100-8:40.
3. single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stove as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the ratio of this heat insulating coat thickness, chrome corundum brick layer thickness and this chromium aluminium zirconia block layer thickness is (4-8): (40-100): (230-260).
4. single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stove as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of this heat insulating coat is 0.5-8mm, is preferably 4-8mm.
5. single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stove as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, the thickness of this chrome corundum brick layer is 40-100mm.
6. single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stove as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, the thickness of this chromium aluminium zirconia block layer is 230-260mm.
7. single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stove as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the 3.5-5 of the diameter that the height of this direct tube section is this vaporizer doubly.
8. single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stove as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the inwall of this direct tube section be provided with at least two spaced for supporting the brick support disc of this second refractory liner, respectively this brick support disc is arranged between this chrome corundum brick layer and a supporting brick, this supporting brick becomes stepped appearance to be arranged in this chromium aluminium zirconia block layer, and close respectively this brick support disc place of this chromium aluminium zirconia block layer is respectively equipped with some dilatation joints, and the material of this supporting brick is chromium aluminium zirconium.
9. single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stove as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the one technique nozzle stretching in this vaporizer is installed in this nozzle box, this technique nozzle is from inside to outside followed successively by first channel-2n passage vertically, 3≤n≤6, wherein, are provided with burning torch in first channel, second passage, four-way ..., 2n passage is all for passing into oxygenant, third channel ..., 2n-1 passage is all for passing into coal water slurry.
10. single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stove as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the quantity of this brick support disc is two, this first refractory liner and the second refractory liner junction are provided with a straight section seam, one of them this brick support disc to the distance of this straight section seam be positioned at this vaporizer of direct tube section diameter 0.1-0.25 doubly, another this brick support disc is 2-2.5 times of diameter that is positioned at this vaporizer of direct tube section to the distance of this straight section seam.
11. single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stoves as described in any one in claim 1-10, it is characterized in that, uniformly vertically on this direct tube section be arranged at intervals with four thermopair interfaces, wherein, every two adjacent thermopair interfaces are not positioned on the same straight line parallel with the axis of this direct tube section.
The gasification process of 12. 1 kinds of single nozzle coal water slurry entrained flow bed gasification stoves as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, it specifically comprises the following steps:
S
1, fuel gas, oxygenant, coal water slurry passed into this vaporizer of making a gift to someone in technique nozzle carry out combustion reactions, gasification reaction;
S
2, slag becomes liquid state at slag notch place, flows to shock chamber, and be crushed into solid slag after Quench heat exchange, and this solid slag is discharged through airway, the raw gas that vaporizer produces is discharged from raw gas outlet.
13. gasification process as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that step S
1specifically comprise the following steps:
S
11, burning torch igniting, second passage, four-way ..., 2n passage passes into oxygenant, 3≤n≤6, third channel ..., 2n-1 passage passes into fuel gas, then oxygenant and fuel gas enter in vaporizer, from the effect of igniting at burning torch, fuel gas and oxygen generation combustion reactions;
S
12, close burning torch, in first channel, pass into nitrogen or carbon dioxide;
S
13, after baker finishes, third channel ..., pass into coal water slurry in 2n-1 passage, then send into and in vaporizer, carry out gasification reaction.
14. gasification process as described in any one in claim 12-13, is characterized in that, this oxygenant sprays in this technique nozzle with the speed of 100m/s-140m/s, and coal water slurry sprays from technique nozzle with the speed that is less than 10m/s.
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