CN103937111B - 汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变pp/poe塑料及制备方法 - Google Patents
汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变pp/poe塑料及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料及其制备方法。所述汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料,包括下述重量份的组分:PP树脂100份,POE塑料15-30份,抗静电剂2-15份,抗黄变剂0.5-2份。优选的,所述抗静电剂为甘油单棕榈酸酯、N-油酰基-Nˊ,Nˊ-二乙基乙二胺盐酸盐、3-磺丙基十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱和炭黑中的一种或几种的混合物;所述抗黄变剂为二丁基羟基甲苯、三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯、4,4ˊ-二(苯基异丙基)二苯胺和四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯中的一种或几种的混合物。本发明生产成本低、加工性能好、抗静电性和抗黄变性好、环境友好。本发明的汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料,特别适合于注塑成各种汽车内饰件。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化工材料技术领域,具体涉及一种改性PP/POE塑料及其制备方法,尤其涉及一种汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚丙烯,英文缩写为PP,是1957年于意大利首先投入工业生产,是继聚乙烯(PE)之后的又一个重要的塑料品种。它有较好的耐热性,在135℃蒸煮1000h也不会被破坏,PP的比热容、热导率皆小于PE,但绝热性优于PE。PP属于非极性聚合物,具有优异的介电性和电绝缘性,电性能基本不受环境湿度及电场频率的影响,在允许的工作范围内,温度升高会使电性能降低,它的耐电弧性较高。PP的耐化学性良好,除强黄变剂对它有侵蚀作用外,其他试剂对它均无作用。PP在室温下不溶于任何溶剂,但可以在某些溶剂,如四氯化碳、三氯甲烷、二硫化碳、苯中溶胀,在温度升高时,PP可溶解于某些溶剂中。PP对氧的作用较敏感,特别是在温度较高时。它耐紫外线能力很差,也易受高能辐射的破坏,在受到上述破坏时,它都会降解产生低分子物质。铜的存在会急剧加大PP的黄变降解速率,使其很快脆化,故称之为“铜害”。PP有较突出的耐应力开裂性。但它的耐寒性差,耐候性也不好,高温则刚性不足。
大部分汽车部件都是用注塑成型方法加工的,聚丙烯树脂可用于车内和车外部外壳,方向盘、导油管及把手和按钮等小部件,车外部包括前散热器护栅和灯罩等。聚丙烯树脂容易加工,加工尺寸稳定性和表面光泽好,容易涂装、着色,还可以进行喷涂金属、电镀、焊接和粘接等二次加工性能,可广泛应用于电子电器领域,包括各种办公和消费性电子/电器,办公电器包括电子数据处理机、办公室设备。
聚丙烯树脂的韧性并不太好。
POE塑料,即乙烯-辛烯共聚物,是采用茂金属催化剂的乙烯和辛烯实现原位聚合的热塑性弹性体,辛烯的柔软链卷曲结构和结晶的乙烯链作为物理交联点,使它既优异的韧性,又有良好的加工性。POE具有热塑性弹性体的一般物性,如成型性、废料再利用和硫化胶性能等。价格低,并且相对密度小,因而体积价格低廉。其耐热性、耐寒性、耐候性优异,使用范围宽广。
因为POE的分子量分布窄,分子结构中侧辛基长于侧乙基,在分子结构中可形成联结点,在各成分之间起到联结、缓冲作用,使体系在受到冲击时起分散、缓冲冲击能的作用,减少银纹因受力发展成裂纹的机会,从而提高了体系的冲击强度。当体系受到张力时,由于这些联结点所形成的网络状结构可以发生较大的形变,所以,体系的断裂伸长率有显著的增加,当POE的含量增加时,体系的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量均有所下降,这是由POE本身的性能决定的。
POE分子结构中没有不饱和双键,POE分子量分布窄,具有较好的流动性,与聚烯烃相容性好。因此将POE塑料用于PP改性增韧,可以提高其抗冲击性,且POE具有良好的流动性可改善填料的分散效果,同时也可提高制品的熔接痕强度,POE改性的PP塑料具有良好的加工性能和力学性能。
但PP/POE塑料的抗静电性和抗黄变性还不理想,极大的制约了它们的应用。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的上述不足,本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料,具有良好的抗静电性和抗黄变性。
本发明目的是通过如下技术方案实现的:
一种汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料,包括下述重量份的组分:
优选的,所述汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料包括下述重量份的组分:
优选的,
所述抗静电剂为甘油单棕榈酸酯、N-油酰基-N',N'-二乙基乙二胺盐酸盐、3-磺丙基十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱和炭黑中的一种或几种的混合物;
所述抗黄变剂为二丁基羟基甲苯、三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯、4,4'-二(苯基异丙基)二苯胺和四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯中的一种或几种的混合物;
所述PP树脂为共聚PP树脂。
进一步优选的,
所述抗静电剂由下述重量份的组分组成:
进一步优选的,
所述抗黄变剂由下述重量份的组分组成:
更优选的,
所述的汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料,其特征在于,包括下述重量份的组分:
本发明还提供了上述汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:按配比称取原料,高速充分混合5-10分钟后,加入双螺杆挤出机,在190-220℃挤出造粒。
显然,在本发明中为提高产品的其他性能,还可以适应性地添加其他助剂,如增韧剂、阻燃剂、耐刮伤剂、润滑剂、耐热剂、抗氧剂、成核剂、增塑剂和着色剂等。
本发明中,
甘油单棕榈酸酯,CAS号:26657-96-5。
N-油酰基-N',N'-二乙基乙二胺盐酸盐,CAS号:13282-67-2。
3-磺丙基十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱,CAS号:14933-08-5。
炭黑,CAS号:1333-86-4。
二丁基羟基甲苯,CAS号:128-37-0。
三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯,CAS号:31570-04-4。
4,4'-二(苯基异丙基)二苯胺,CAS号:10081-67-1。
四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯,CAS号:3050-88-2。
发明人通过大量实验发现,使用本发明的抗静电剂和抗黄变剂,可以有效增强PP/POE塑料的抗静电性能和抗黄变性能,尤其是使用甘油单棕榈酸酯、N-油酰基-N',N'-二乙基乙二胺盐酸盐、3-磺丙基十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱和炭黑的复配抗静电剂,具有协同增效的抗静电效果,使用二丁基羟基甲苯、三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯、4,4'-二(苯基异丙基)二苯胺和四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯的复配抗黄变剂,具有协同抗黄变效果,其机理还有待发明人进一步研究探讨。同时,其拉升强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量和缺口冲击强度等常规参数均较满足要求。
本产品的制备工艺简单,产品成本低,产品的综合性能较优异。本发明的汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料,可以用注塑工艺轻易加工成各种形状的零件,可用于制成汽车用内饰件。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步描述。本发明实施例和对比例中所使用的PP树脂和POE塑料,均购买自上海盈飞实业有限公司。
实施例1
按照表1中对应的实施例1数据称取各抗静电剂组分,充分混合后,得到实施例1的复配抗静电剂;
取干燥处理后的PP树脂100公斤、POE塑料20公斤、二丁基羟基甲苯1.5公斤和实施例1的复配抗静电剂,高速充分混合10分钟后,加入双螺杆挤出机的喂料口;控制双螺杆挤出机的转速在300rpm,温度在200℃,通过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,即获得实施例1的汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料。
表1:实施例1-7的PP/POE塑料抗静电剂配方表单位:公斤
实施例2
按照表1中对应的实施例2数据称取各抗静电剂组分,充分混合后,得到实施例2的复配抗静电剂;
按照实施例1所述方法,获得实施例2的汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料。
实施例3
按照表1中对应的实施例3数据称取各抗静电剂组分,充分混合后,得到实施例3的复配抗静电剂;
按照实施例1所述方法,获得实施例3的汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料。
实施例4
按照表1中对应的实施例4数据称取各抗静电剂组分,充分混合后,得到实施例4的复配抗静电剂;
按照实施例1所述方法,获得实施例4的汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料。
实施例5
按照表1中对应的实施例5数据称取各抗静电剂组分,充分混合后,得到实施例5的复配抗静电剂;
按照实施例1所述方法,获得实施例5的汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料。
实施例6
按照表1中对应的实施例6数据称取各抗静电剂组分,充分混合后,得到实施例6的复配抗静电剂;
按照实施例1所述方法,获得实施例6的汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料。
实施例7
按照表1中对应的实施例7数据称取各抗静电剂组分,充分混合后,得到实施例7的复配抗静电剂;
按照实施例1所述方法,获得实施例7的汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料。
测试例1
对实施例1-7的PP/POE塑料的抗静电性进行测试,测试方法为GB/T15662测试结果见表2。
表2:实施例1-7的PP/POE塑料抗静电性测试表
表面电阻率/Ω |
实施例1 | 2×1012 |
实施例2 | 1×1012 |
实施例3 | 6×1010 |
实施例4 | 2×1011 |
实施例5 | 1×1010 |
实施例6 | 4×1010 |
实施例7 | 8×109 |
对实施例1-7的PP/POE塑料的抗静电性进行测试,结果发现实施例1-7制得的PP/POE塑料均具有一定的抗静电性,尤其是实施例1-2使用了甘油单棕榈酸酯、N-油酰基-N',N'-二乙基乙二胺盐酸盐、3-磺丙基十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱和炭黑制成的复配抗静电剂,相比较于实施例3-7,在添加相同比例抗静电剂的情况下,表面电阻率有显著提高,抗静电效果非常明显,特别针对PP/POE塑料的抗静电效果更加优异。
实施例8
按照表3中对应的实施例8数据称取各种抗黄变剂组分,取干燥处理后的PP树脂100公斤、POE塑料20公斤和实施例1的复配抗静电剂10.5公斤,高速充分混合10分钟后,将它们从双螺杆挤出机的喂料口加入,控制螺杆挤出机的转速在300rpm,温度在200℃,通过螺杆挤出机挤出造粒,即获得实施例8的汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料。
表3:实施例8-13的PP/POE塑料抗黄变剂配方表单位:公斤
实施例9
按照表3中对应的实施例9数据称取各种抗黄变剂组分,按照实施例8所述方法,获得实施例9的汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料。
实施例10
按照表3中对应的实施例10数据称取各种抗黄变剂组分,按照实施例8所述方法,获得实施例10的汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料。
实施例11
按照表3中对应的实施例11数据称取各种抗黄变剂组分,按照实施例8所述方法,获得实施例11的汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料。
实施例12
按照表3中对应的实施例12数据称取各种抗黄变剂组分,按照实施例8所述方法,获得实施例12的汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料。
实施例13
按照表3中对应的实施例13数据称取各种抗黄变剂组分,按照实施例8所述方法,获得实施例13的汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料。
测试例2
对实施例8-13的PP/POE塑料的抗黄变性能进行测试。
分别将实施例8-13的PP/POE塑料放入硫化机中压制成厚度为1mm的片,再经过冷压成型,切制成2cm×5cm的样品条。按GB/T16422.2—1999塑料实验室光源曝露试验方法,置于氙灯曝晒光黄变试验箱中照射,然后按GB2409—80塑料黄色指数试验方法,测其黄色指数,得到其黄变指数△YI如下表4所示。
表4:实施例8-13的PP/POE塑料抗黄变性测试表
由表4中的测试结果,实施例8-13制得的PP/POE塑料的黄变指数都较低,具有一定的抗黄变效果,尤其是实施例8使用了二丁基羟基甲苯、三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯、4,4'-二(苯基异丙基)二苯胺和四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯的复配抗黄变剂,相比较于实施例9-13,在使用同等用量的抗黄变剂的情况下,黄变指数更低,更为显著的增强了PP/POE塑料的抗黄变性能。黄变指数△YI是表征光氧老化性能的一个重要指标,△YI越小,表示耐光照老化性能越好。
因此,本发明的抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料可以显著提高抗静电性,抗黄变性,且制备工艺简单,产品成本低,产品的综合性能较优异。还可以适应性地添加其他助剂,如阻燃剂、润滑剂、增韧剂、耐热剂、成核剂、增塑剂、着色剂等,用以提高其他方面性能。
本发明的汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料,可以用注塑工艺轻易加工成各种形状的零件,可用于制成汽车用内饰件。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本领域的技术人员在本发明所揭露的技术范围内,可不经过创造性劳动想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所限定的保护范围为准。
Claims (3)
1.一种汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料,其特征在于,包括下述重量份的组分:
所述抗静电剂由下述重量份的组分组成:
所述抗黄变剂由下述重量份的组分组成:
2.如权利要求1所述的汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料,其特征在于,包括下述重量份的组分:
3.如权利要求1-2中任一项所述的汽车内饰件用抗静电抗黄变PP/POE塑料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:按配比称取原料,高速充分混合5-10分钟后,加入双螺杆挤出机,在190-220℃挤出造粒。
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