CN103932464B - The bleaching processing method of fresh water pearl - Google Patents
The bleaching processing method of fresh water pearl Download PDFInfo
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- CN103932464B CN103932464B CN201410106014.1A CN201410106014A CN103932464B CN 103932464 B CN103932464 B CN 103932464B CN 201410106014 A CN201410106014 A CN 201410106014A CN 103932464 B CN103932464 B CN 103932464B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the bleaching processing method of a kind of fresh water pearl of pearl processing technique field, comprise the steps: step one, configuration bleaching liquid; Described bleaching liquid is made up of each component of following parts by weight: mass fraction is the hydrogen peroxide of 20-25%; Ethanol; Stearic acid; Polysorbate 60; Polyethylene glycol p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid fat; Polyoxyethylene carboxylate; Lauryl sodium sulfate; Potassium hydroxide; Sodium dihydrogen phosphate; Sodium metasilicate; Propane diols; Deionized water; Get said components in proportion, mix and get final product; Step 2, under abundant illumination condition, gets pearl, puts into bleaching liquid, at 10-12 DEG C, soak 20-35 hour.Method of the present invention can realize carrying out bleaching to pearl under cryogenic, can shorten the time of bleaching further; Bleaching of the present invention can overcome the technological deficiency that hydrogen peroxide long time treatment and high-temperature process have a negative impact to pearl surface and color and luster simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pearl processing technique field, be specifically related to the bleaching processing method of a kind of fresh water pearl.
Background technology
Pearl, has another name called natural pearls, pearl inside the body of a freshwater mussel, the product of pearl mainly lamellibranch; The specific epithelial cell of these animals can secrete calcium carbonate, the aragonite be mainly bonded together by conchiolin and calcite, and this mixing is called as nacrum.The origin cause of formation of pearl has: overcoat and crust injured, at this moment pearl can be secreted into wound as wound suture, if the inside foreign object (as sand) having parasite or epithelial tissue to fall animal to cause pearl to generate, and artificial pearl's injection is the nacrum core held by one deck epithelium, the pearl of these animals secretion is not formed with several months to year not etc., and oarse-grained pearl is formed and be likely fatal for this animal.
The outer embrane of freshwater mussel is subject to the stimulation that foreign matter (sand grains, parasite) invades, the epidermal cell at irriate place take foreign matter as core, be absorbed in pallial connective tissue, the part outer embrane epidermal cell autotomize be absorbed in forms pearl sac, Pearl-sac cell secretion nacre, the multiple one deck of layer nuclear membrane get up pearl, be core with foreign matter, therefore be referred to as nucleated pearl.After outer embrane exocuticle is subject to pathology stimulation, a part is carried out cell division and is then separated, bag is by the organic substance of oneself secretion immediately, pearl production process is absorbed in outer embrane connective tissue gradually simultaneously, form pearl sac and then form pearl, owing to not having foreign matter to be core, be called " without nucleus pearl ".The pearl propagated artificially now, it is exactly the principle without nucleus pearl, by artificial method, cut epithelial cell small pieces (abbreviation mantle piece) alive from pearl culturing clam outer embrane, the artificial nucleus prepared with clam shell, together with implant in the outer embrane connective tissue of freshwater mussel, the mantle piece implanted, the nutrition relying on connective tissue to provide, breeds rapidly around artificial nucleus, forms pearl sac, secretion nacre, thus generate artificial nucleated pearl; Artificial without nucleus pearl, be, when art is executed to outer embrane, only implant mantle piece, form pearl sac through cell proliferation, and to capsule endocrine nacre, the pearl of generation.
Inorganic constituents mainly calcium carbonate, the magnesium carbonate of pearl, accounts for more than 91%, is secondly silica, calcium phosphate, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 etc.Organic matter in pearl contains 17 seed amino acids such as L-aminobutanedioic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, cystine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, histidine, arginine, proline.In addition, also containing 30 various trace elements, taurine, abundant vitamin, peptide class.The shape of pearl is varied, has circle, pyriform, egg type, tear drop shape, button-type and arbitrary shape, is wherein good with circle.Color adularescent, pink, faint yellow, light green, light blue, brown, lavender, black etc., based on white.The density of natural fresh water pearl is generally 2.66-2.78g/cm3, variant because the place of production is different; Pearl whitening look, faint yellow, light green, blue-fluorescence under short wave ultraviolet light, black pearl sends out pale red fluorescence; The fluorescence of yellowish white is had under X-ray.Cultured pearls shape is similar to natural peral, but lustrous surface is more weak, and Section Central has circular sand grains or shell of seaear particle, and there is the pearly layer of one deck on surface, is used as medicine and only uses pearly layer, gas without, taste is micro-salty.Natural peral is spheroidal, ellipse, irregular spherical or Long Circle, diameter 1 ~ 6 millimeter.
The distinctive gloss of pearl is that light reflects on these transparent nacrum layers and diffraction causes, and nacrum layer gets over Bao Yueduo, and gloss is more beautiful; The fluorescence of some pearls constantly to be reflected incident light by different pearly layer and formed; General pearl is white, sometimes has the gloss of ecru or pink colour, and also some pearl is with color that is yellow, green, blue, brown or black, and black pearl is especially expensive because it rarely has.Pearl due to cultivation is subject to the impact of water quality and various condition, the many dull of former pearl, color is different, shape size differs, and with flaw, mucus and dirt, the pearl of more than 90% needs to carry out necessary processing process, just can present light, glittering and translucent profile, just there is commodity value and use value.The processing of pearl comprises preliminary working and retrofit, and preliminary working comprises sorting rank, and bleaching, brightens, dyeing and the operation such as polishing, and wherein bleaching and dyeing is the critical process of preliminary working, greatly affects the value of pearl.Affecting a lot of because have of bleaching effect, comprising the formula of bleaching liquid, the process conditions of bleaching; Utilize hydrogen peroxide to configure bleaching liquid more at present, but damage can be caused to pearl surface due to hydrogen peroxide long duration of action.
Through finding the literature search of prior art, (publication number is CN1663366A to Chinese invention patent application " a kind of bleaching liquor for marine cultured pearl and preparation method thereof ", publication date: 2005.9.7) disclose a kind of bleaching liquor for marine cultured pearl, take seawater as solvent, with surfactant polyethylene dimethyl ether and bleaching agent hydrogen peroxide for solute; (publication number is CN1853524A to Chinese invention patent application " a kind of pearl bleaching method ", publication date is: 2006.11.1) disclose a kind of pearl bleaching method, comprise pearl boiling, under hydrogenperoxide steam generator and bleeding agent effect, pearl is carried out bleaching in above-mentioned solution; (publication number is CN100566622C to Chinese invention patent application " a kind of pearl bleaching process ", the day for announcing: 2009.12.9) disclose a kind of pearl bleaching process, have employed bleaching liquid, be specially catalyst solution, interfacial agents solution, mass concentration is the mixed liquor of the hydrogen peroxide solution of 30-50%, methyl alcohol.But also there is the not good enough technical problem of bleaching effect in these method for bleaching, is difficult to the bleaching effect realizing high-quality high-efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the bleaching processing method of a kind of fresh water pearl is provided.Method of the present invention can realize carrying out bleaching to pearl under cryogenic, can shorten the time of bleaching further; Bleaching of the present invention can overcome the technological deficiency that hydrogen peroxide long time treatment and high-temperature process have a negative impact to pearl surface and color and luster simultaneously, pearl intensity after making to bleach rises, body surfaces spot, pit reduce greatly, greatly improve the processing quality of pearl.
The present invention is realized by following technical scheme, the present invention relates to the bleaching processing method of a kind of fresh water pearl, comprises the steps:
Step one, configuration bleaching liquid; Described bleaching liquid is made up of each component of following parts by weight:
Mass fraction is hydrogen peroxide 20-50 part of 20-25%;
Ethanol 250-350 part;
Stearic acid 1-2 part;
Polysorbate 60 2-3 part;
Polyethylene glycol p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid fat 2-3 part;
Polyoxyethylene carboxylate 1-2 part;
Lauryl sodium sulfate 1-2 part;
Potassium hydroxide 1-2 part;
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate 1-3 part;
Sodium metasilicate 1-3 part;
Propane diols 2-4 part;
Deionized water 300-350 part;
Get said components in proportion, mix and get final product;
Step 2, under abundant illumination condition, gets pearl, puts into bleaching liquid, at 10-12 DEG C, soak 20-35 hour.
Preferably, in step one, described bleaching liquid is made up of each component of following parts by weight:
Mass fraction is 35 parts, the hydrogen peroxide of 20%;
Ethanol 300 parts;
Stearic acid 1 part;
Polysorbate 60 2 parts;
2 parts, polyethylene glycol p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid fat;
Polyoxyethylene carboxylate 1 part;
Lauryl sodium sulfate 2 parts;
2 parts, potassium hydroxide;
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5 parts;
Sodium metasilicate 1 part;
Propane diols 3 parts;
Deionized water 320 parts.
Preferably, in step 2, described immersion is specially: soak 25 hours at 12 DEG C.
Preferably, the pH of described bleaching liquid is 7-7.5.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: method of the present invention can realize carrying out bleaching to pearl under cryogenic, can shorten the time of bleaching further; Bleaching of the present invention can overcome the technological deficiency that hydrogen peroxide long time treatment and high-temperature process have a negative impact to pearl surface and color and luster simultaneously, pearl intensity after making to bleach rises, body surfaces spot, pit reduce greatly, greatly improve the processing quality of pearl.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will contribute to those skilled in the art and understand the present invention further, but not limit the present invention in any form.It should be pointed out that to those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some distortion and improvement can also be made.These all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-2
In following examples and comparative example, described method for bleaching comprises the steps:
Step one, records by table 1, gets each component, configuration bleaching liquid;
Step 2, under abundant illumination condition, gets pearl, puts into bleaching liquid, soaks 20 hours at 10 DEG C;
Bleaching effect is as shown in table 2.
Table 1
Table 2
| Bleaching effect | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 |
| Whiteness | Darker | In vain | In vain | In vain | In vain |
| Glossiness | Fuzzy | Fuzzy | Better | Best | Better |
| Surface flatness | Poor | Better | Better | Best | Better |
| Corrosion phenomenon | Nothing | Nothing | Nothing | Nothing | Nothing |
As can be seen from Table 2, when the bleaching liquid adopting embodiment 2 to configure, there is best bleaching effect; When comparative example 1 only adopts stearic acid as surfactant, the non-constant of effect of bleaching; And when not using propane diols in comparative example 2, the effect of bleaching is also poor than embodiment 1.
embodiment 4-6
The formula of Example 2, under 12 DEG C of conditions, change the time of immersion, evaluate bleaching effect, result is as shown in table 3; As seen from table, when soak time is 25 hours and 30 constantly little, its bleaching effect is better than the effect that soak time is 20 hours, but 25 hours consistent with 30 hours effects, so select the requirement that can meet bleaching effect and production efficiency for 25 hours simultaneously, it is the selection of optimum.
Table 3
| Bleaching effect | 20 hours | 25 hours | 35 hours |
| Whiteness | In vain | In vain | In vain |
| Glossiness | Good | Better | Better |
| Surface flatness | Smooth | More smooth | More smooth |
| Corrosion phenomenon | Nothing | Nothing | Nothing |
interpretation of result:in this area, traditional pearl bleaching process method adopting heating more, its reason is as follows: experiment proves, there is microcellular structure in the surface of pearl, after heating pearl, in pearl surface and nacre, due to the corrosion of Chitosan-alginate microcapsules part, produce superfine little micropore, make the free amino acid in pearl, pigment, and trace element moves in bleaching liquid along micropore, make the outer lighter of pearl pearl body, thus reach the effect of discoloring and brightening; But the mode of heating, the intensity of pearl body will inevitably be made to reduce, and cause pearl body to become fragile, there is spot, decortication in pearl surface, tarnishes, and reduces the use value of pearl; So those skilled in the art are when improving method for bleaching, and the time of how to heat from conservative control, the temperature of heating is angularly considered, the technique of bleaching cannot realize significantly improving all the time.Method of the present invention is then completely contrary with traditional bleaching process thinking, and from low temperature angle, how research realizes the bleaching effect of high-quality, overcomes the technology prejudice of the medium-term and long-term existence of prior art.
Bleaching mechanism of the present invention is as follows: under abundant illumination condition, and hydrogen peroxide produces hydroxyl radical free radical, plays the discoloration to pearl; In component of the present invention, stearic acid, polysorbate 60, polyethylene glycol p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid fat, polyoxyethylene carboxylate, lauryl sodium sulfate five kinds of components are together, in specific proportion, create synergy, impel hydrogen peroxide can quickly to pearl internal penetration, with use in simple component or prior art compared with normally used surfactant, its improved efficiency several times, shorten the time of bleaching greatly; Potassium hydroxide, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium metasilicate three kinds of components are together simultaneously, in specific proportion, create synergy, can make the pH value stability contorting of bleaching liquid between 7-7.5, effectively can control the reaction speed of hydrogen peroxide, overcome the too fast technical problem making pearl crack of surface layer of hydrogen peroxide reaction speed, improve the effect of bleaching;
Further, applicant is surprised to find that, after adding propane diols, potassium hydroxide, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium metasilicate can not only be made to combine and can delay hydrogen peroxide reaction speed further, also can improve the combination of five kinds of components such as stearic acid to the osmotic effect of hydrogen peroxide to pearl inside simultaneously, achieve beyond thought double effects;
Just because of the beyond thought technique effect that aforementioned component produces, the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide adopted in the present invention is made to reach reduction, reach 20-25%, the reduction of hydrogen peroxide concentration, another step reduces in bleaching process the destroying infection that pearl top layer produces.Bleaching process conveniently, the reduction of hydrogen peroxide concentration needs the processing time of checking bleaching, to obtain good bleaching effect, but the present invention is owing to have employed stearic acid combination, and propane diols, the osmotic efficiency of hydrogen peroxide is made to achieve the raising of unexpected degree, make the present invention at low concentration hydrogen peroxide, low reaction speed, under low temperature etc. three low condition, achieves rapid bleach process, make bleaching time can foreshorten to 20 days, and good quality can be realized, substantially increase production efficiency, create very large economic benefit; Comparative example 1-2 and embodiment 1-3 proves mechanism of the present invention.
In sum, application of the present invention is through long-term research, have unexpectedly discovered that bleaching process of the present invention, achieve purpose less than technique effect: method of the present invention can realize carrying out bleaching to pearl under cryogenic, can shorten the time of bleaching further; Bleaching of the present invention can overcome the technological deficiency that hydrogen peroxide long time treatment and high-temperature process have a negative impact to pearl surface and color and luster simultaneously, pearl intensity after making to bleach rises, body surfaces spot, pit reduce greatly, greatly improve the processing quality of pearl.
Above specific embodiments of the invention are described.It is to be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various distortion or amendment within the scope of the claims, and this does not affect flesh and blood of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a bleaching processing method for fresh water pearl, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Step one, configuration bleaching liquid; Described bleaching liquid is made up of each component of following parts by weight:
Mass fraction is hydrogen peroxide 20-50 part of 20-25%;
Ethanol 250-350 part;
Stearic acid 1-2 part;
Polysorbate 60 2-3 part;
Polyethylene glycol p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid fat 2-3 part;
Polyoxyethylene carboxylate 1-2 part;
Lauryl sodium sulfate 1-2 part;
Potassium hydroxide 1-2 part;
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate 1-3 part;
Sodium metasilicate 1-3 part;
Propane diols 2-4 part;
Deionized water 300-350 part;
Get said components in proportion, mix and get final product;
Step 2, under abundant illumination condition, gets pearl, puts into bleaching liquid, at 10-12 DEG C, soak 20-35 hour.
2. the bleaching processing method of fresh water pearl as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step one, described bleaching liquid is made up of each component of following parts by weight:
Mass fraction is 35 parts, the hydrogen peroxide of 20%;
Ethanol 300 parts;
Stearic acid 1 part;
Polysorbate 60 2 parts;
2 parts, polyethylene glycol p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid fat;
Polyoxyethylene carboxylate 1 part;
Lauryl sodium sulfate 2 parts;
2 parts, potassium hydroxide;
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5 parts;
Sodium metasilicate 1 part;
Propane diols 3 parts;
Deionized water 320 parts.
3. the bleaching processing method of fresh water pearl as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described immersion is specially: soak 25 hours at 12 DEG C.
4. the bleaching processing method of fresh water pearl as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the pH of described bleaching liquid is 7-7.5.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08266318A (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1996-10-15 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | Bleaching method for pearl |
| CN101317708A (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2008-12-10 | 浙江天使之泪珠宝有限公司 | Pearl bleaching process |
| CN101912187A (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2010-12-15 | 湛江龙之珍珠有限公司 | Method for bleaching seawater pearl |
| CN102038337A (en) * | 2009-10-15 | 2011-05-04 | 湖南伊思丽珍珠有限公司 | Processing method for bleaching brightening and colorizing pearl |
| CN102669014A (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2012-09-19 | 杨青松 | Pearl bleaching solution and preparation method thereof |
-
2014
- 2014-03-20 CN CN201410106014.1A patent/CN103932464B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08266318A (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1996-10-15 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | Bleaching method for pearl |
| CN101317708A (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2008-12-10 | 浙江天使之泪珠宝有限公司 | Pearl bleaching process |
| CN102038337A (en) * | 2009-10-15 | 2011-05-04 | 湖南伊思丽珍珠有限公司 | Processing method for bleaching brightening and colorizing pearl |
| CN101912187A (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2010-12-15 | 湛江龙之珍珠有限公司 | Method for bleaching seawater pearl |
| CN102669014A (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2012-09-19 | 杨青松 | Pearl bleaching solution and preparation method thereof |
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