Agriculturally useful compositions containing oligochitosan and toyokamycin and application
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant protection art, particularly relate to the agriculturally useful compositions containing oligochitosan and toyokamycin and application, the present composition can effectively prevent and treat corps diseases.
Background technology
In recent years, due to single and not Scientific Usage of Drugs, pest and disease damage has produced Drug resistance in various degree, and agriculture and forestry produce still with chemical pesticide for mainly preventing and treating kind, causes seriously increasingly destroying of environmental pollution and ecological environment. Enhancing along with the raising of people's living standard and health perception, develop and the exploitation of biological pesticide progressively receive the concern of pesticide R&D worker, become the focus of agriculture and forestry sustainable development, be the effective way improving environment, minimizing or delaying drug resistance and raising drug effect. Wherein, oligochitosan and antibiotic become one of focus of biological pesticide research.
Agricultural antibiotic, refer to by fermentable produce, there is pesticide function, for agriculturally preventing and treating the secondary metabolite of the harmful organisms such as Pest organism Mus. The microorganisms such as actinomycetes, fungus, antibacterial all can produce agricultural antibiotic, and the agricultural antibiotic that wherein actinomycetes produce is maximum. The many important agricultural antibiotic being widely used at present is all separate produced by the actinomycetes obtained from streptomyces. Agricultural antibiotic the earliest is streptomycin, and has thus promoted antibiotic to obtain rapid development after application agriculturally, 20 century 70s.
Plant rhizosphere is often referred to the distance micro-territory of root surface 1��4mm or more short-range soil. Due to organic existence such as secretions from plant roots, constituting a special microecological environment around rhizosphere, in this environment, abundant nutrition and the energy make microorganism all many than non-rhizospheric environment on value volume and range of product. Research shows, some rhizosphere microorganisms secretion metabolite can antagonism plant pathogenic microorganisms and coordinate plant growth, have become as an important sources of agricultural microorganism medicine.Rich adding streptomycete, fibrillae of spores pine is spacious and tight spiral, spore oval, surface band spinelet, produces toyokamycin (toyocamycin), it is suppressed that mycobacteria, yeast, filamentous fungi, plant disease fungus.
At present, but without the research report finding oligochitosan and the agriculturally useful compositions of toyokamycin.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to improve environment, expand action spectrum, minimizing or delaying drug resistance, raising drug effect, it is provided that the agriculturally useful compositions of a kind of oligochitosan and toyokamycin and application.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Compositions containing oligochitosan Yu toyokamycin, it is characterised in that: the mass fraction of oligochitosan and toyokamycin is than for 10:1-1:10. Preferably, the mass fraction of antibiotics and botanical components is than for 5:1-1:5.
The above-mentioned composition process preparation of the present invention is water preparation, suspending agent, wettable powder, water dispersible granules, and it is 0.05-80% that the quality sum of oligochitosan and toyokamycin accounts for the percentage ratio of preparation gross mass. Preferably, the quality sum of oligochitosan and toyokamycin accounts for the percentage ratio of preparation gross mass is 0.1-40%
The preparation of the above-mentioned composition processing of the present invention, with seed dressing, spraying, pouring root, impregnating application, shows the purposes preventing and treating various crop disease.
Present invention also offers the purposes for controlling plant diseases of the compositions containing oligochitosan and toyokamycin, the disease of suitable preventing and treating is by virus, antibacterial, fungus-caused plant disease, preferably, disease has droop, gray mold, virosis, bacterial wilt, damping-off, rice blast etc.
Present invention also offers the purposes for plant growth regulating of the compositions containing oligochitosan and toyokamycin, as short root length, short plant height, short chlorophyll keep, inspire bud, wound healing promoting etc.
The compositions of the present invention compared with prior art, produces following beneficial effect:
1, purposes is widened: compositions can prevent and treat multiple diseases and the coordinate plant growth of crops.
2, use cost is reduced: because compositions has raising preventive effect, preventing and treating spectrum increase, decrease Pesticide use number of times, reduce use cost.
3, Drug resistance is delayed: the component that oligochitosan and the compositions of toyokamycin are different mechanism of action is composite, and disease is not likely to produce Drug resistance.
4, environmental friendliness: people and animals and non-target organism toxicity are low, degraded is fast in the environment, and low-residual is free from environmental pollution.
Detailed description of the invention
Only it is used for described in example below explaining the present invention, for not necessarily departing from amendment, replacement or the improvement that present invention spirit is made with principle, belongs to the scope of protection of present invention.
The embodiment 1 agriculturally useful compositions containing oligochitosan and the toyokamycin effect to watermelon blight
According to scheme, preparation built agent and single dose, water preparation preparation, and carry out activity preliminary experiment. According to trial test, preparation is configured to the concentration needed. Before selecting, stubble watermelon blight morbidity field, arranges field uniformly. The preparation of medication different agents is uniformly dressed seed (concentration is with effective milligram gauge of every kilogram of seed with medicament), is sowed, Routine Management. Citrullus vulgaris plant diseases situation is investigated when disease onset. Use Abbot formula, convert percentage rate to preventive effect.
In theoretical effect, x is concentration is the effect of substance A during a, and y is concentration is the effect of substance B during b, compares theoretical effect and actual effect, evaluates the synergism of compositions, with actual preventive effect more than theory preventive effect time for potentiation.Compositions to the result of Citrullus vulgaris disease in Table 1.
The table 1 agriculturally useful compositions containing oligochitosan and the toyokamycin effect to watermelon blight
By the test to watermelon blight of the agriculturally useful compositions containing oligochitosan and toyokamycin, as seen from Table 1, the compositions of oligochitosan and toyokamycin is to theoretical preventive effect higher than correspondent composition of the actual effect of watermelon blight. It is clear that watermelon blight is potentiation by the compositions of oligochitosan and toyokamycin.
The embodiment 2 agriculturally useful compositions containing oligochitosan and the toyokamycin prevention effect to graw mold of tomato
It is mixed into compost with sterilized soil and sterilizing river sand, fully after mixing, is mixed into medicament. Drug concentration contains the milligram number of the effective ingredient of this medicament in every kilogram of soil, directly mixes soil with quantitative suspension formulation accordingly, adds clear water and makes water content 30%, then mix rear quantitatively loading basin alms bowl thoroughly after fully mixing thoroughly. Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is planted in basin alms bowl, Routine Management. The percentage rate that plant blade face gray mold infects is measured when blank gray mold generally occurs. Use Abbot formula, convert percentage rate to preventive effect.
X is working concentration is the preventive effect of active component A during a, and y is working concentration is the preventive effect of active component B during b. Relatively theoretical effect and actual effect, evaluates the synergism of compositions, with actual preventive effect more than theory preventive effect time for potentiation. Result is in Table 2.
The table 2 agriculturally useful compositions containing oligochitosan and the toyokamycin prevention effect to graw mold of tomato
By potted plant test, as seen from Table 2, the actual preventive effect of graw mold of tomato is above the theoretical preventive effect of compositions by the compositions of oligochitosan and toyokamycin. It is clear that graw mold of tomato is potentiation by the compositions of oligochitosan and toyokamycin.
The embodiment 3 agriculturally useful compositions containing oligochitosan and toyokamycin is to pepper diseases effect
According to scheme, preparation built agent and unit dose preparation, and carry out activity preliminary experiment. According to determination of activity trial test, preparation is configured to the concentration needed. Setting corresponding single dose and blank before test in Fructus Capsici field, adopt manual sprayer routine conventional spray, every medicament sprays 50 strains. 7-10d dispenser 1 time again after 1st dispenser. 10-20d after 2nd dispenser, investigates pepper plant disease incidence of listing. Use Abbot formula, convert percentage rate to preventive effect.
In theoretical effect, x is concentration is the effect of substance A during a, and y is concentration is the effect of substance B during b, compares theoretical effect and actual effect, evaluates the synergism of compositions. Compositions to the result of pepper plant disease respectively in Table 3.
The table 3 agriculturally useful compositions containing oligochitosan and the toyokamycin field efficacy to pepper diseases
As seen from Table 3, the actual effect of pepper virus disease, gray mold and bacterial wilt is above theoretical effect by the agriculturally useful compositions containing oligochitosan Yu toyokamycin, it was shown that compositions has obvious synergistic function.
The embodiment 4 agriculturally useful compositions containing oligochitosan and the toyokamycin growth regulating effect to plant
Accurately measuring compositions and unit dose preparation respectively, be added in the container containing a small amount of tap water, adding water to water gross weight is 1000g, adds a cover, and covers the aperture of uniformity. Being dipped in culture fluid by the root of ready Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis Seedling by container cap bore, be put in culturing room and observe cultivate, every chemicals treatment repeats for 10 times. The plant height of regular inquiry Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis, root length, leaf color, result is in Table 4.
The table 4 agriculturally useful compositions containing oligochitosan and toyokamycin effect on Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis
Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis is cultivated with the agriculturally useful compositions containing oligochitosan with toyokamycin, result is in Table 4, under same amount, plant height, root length, leaf color are better than oligochitosan and the effect of toyokamycin single dose by the agriculturally useful compositions of oligochitosan and toyokamycin, and the growth regulating of plant is had synergistic effect by the compositions of oligochitosan and toyokamycin.