CN103926588A - Rail vehicle positioning and speed detecting system based on phi-OTDR - Google Patents
Rail vehicle positioning and speed detecting system based on phi-OTDR Download PDFInfo
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- CN103926588A CN103926588A CN201410176070.2A CN201410176070A CN103926588A CN 103926588 A CN103926588 A CN 103926588A CN 201410176070 A CN201410176070 A CN 201410176070A CN 103926588 A CN103926588 A CN 103926588A
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- 238000000253 optical time-domain reflectometry Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010039203 Road traffic accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PLAIAIKZKCZEQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 6-chloro-2-oxo-3h-1,2$l^{4},3-benzodithiazole-4-carboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=CC2=C1NS(=O)S2 PLAIAIKZKCZEQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
- G01S17/58—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rail vehicle positioning and speed detecting system based on a phi-OTDR. The rail vehicle positioning and speed detecting system based on the phi-OTDR comprises a phi-OTDR system main engine and an optical cable. The phi-OTDR system main engine is connected with the optical cable and is used for sending a pulsed optical signal, injecting the pulsed light signal into the optical cable, handling the Rayleigh scattering coherent light reflected back from the optical cable, and acquiring real time position information and speed information of train operation. The rail vehicle positioning and speed detecting system based on the phi-OTDR has the advantages that 1, the phi-OTDR is passive in the whole process, and free of influences of the electromagnetic field, and guarantees normal work in harsh environments such as thunder and lightning and the like; 2, due to the fact that the phi-OTDR is fully distributed, the monitoring distance can reach more than 100 km, the spatial resolution can reach the meter level, so that a train command and dispatching center can directly acquire the real time position information and speed information of a train through the phi-OTDR system main engine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to track train velocity measuring technique field, relate in particular to a kind of rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR location and velocity-measuring system.
Background technology
In track train traffic insurance system, the real time position of train operation and velocity information are the information that TDCS must accurately be grasped, dispatching center, according to the real-time information of having grasped, controls the ruuning situation in each section, to ensure the safety traffic of train.Current domestic railway is to obtain real-time speed and the positional information of train operation by the train automatic controlling system based on track circuit (Communication Based Train Control System, CBTC).In this system, utilize track circuit can automatically detect the position of train, vehicle, the demonstration of control signal machine; Ground signal can be passed to locomotive by track circuit, thereby can control train operation.Although track circuit has been taked multinomial safeguard measure, at atrocious weathers such as thunders and lightnings, still there is the possibility of inefficacy in track circuit, thereby cause serious traffic hazard.The disadvantage of track circuit is that its work is active, safeguarding in disadvantageous situation, will cause major traffic accidents.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, by a kind of rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR location and velocity-measuring system, solve the problem that above background technology part is mentioned.
For reaching this object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
Rail vehicle location and a velocity-measuring system based on Φ-OTDR, it comprises Φ-OTDR system host and optical cable;
Described Φ-OTDR system host is connected with optical cable, is injected into optical cable for sending pulsed optical signals, and the Rayleigh scattering coherent light being reflected back in optical cable is processed, and obtains real-time position information and the velocity information of train operation.
Especially, described Φ-OTDR system host comprises laser instrument, acousto-optic modulator, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), bandpass filter, tunable attenuator, circulator, photodetector and processor;
Described laser instrument is used for launching continuous light, exports to acousto-optic modulator; Wherein, laser instrument is super-narrow line width laser instrument, and its live width is less than 3KHz;
Described acousto-optic modulator is for being modulated into pulsed optical signals by described continuous light; Wherein, acousto-optic modulator is High Extinction Ratio acousto-optic modulator, and its extinction ratio is greater than 50dB;
Described Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) is for amplifying described pulsed optical signals;
Described bandpass filter is for carrying out filtering to the pulsed optical signals of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) output;
Described tunable attenuator is for adjusting the power of the pulsed optical signals of receiving;
Described circulator is for being injected into optical cable by the pulsed optical signals of tunable attenuator import and export, and Rayleigh scattering occurs light in optical cable, and receives the coherent light being reflected back in optical cable, exports to photodetector;
Described photodetector, for described Rayleigh scattering coherent light is converted into electric signal, is exported to processor;
Described processor, for described electric signal is carried out to signal processing, obtains real-time position information and the velocity information of train operation.
Especially, described processor specifically for: one, according to original Rayleigh scattering curve, on optical cable, each spatial point has a time dependent signal X
s(t), wherein, X
s(t) vibration signal that is s from train command scheduling centre distance on expression optical cable; Two, the signal X to each spatial point
s(t) adding width is T
wtime window, then the signal in each time window is done to wavelet transformation, threshold value noise reduction, and the signal of reconstruct is asked to root mean square, obtain the level of vibration of signal in this time window, and then the vibration signal that obtains optical cable diverse location on each time point is Y
t(s), Y wherein
t(s) vibration signal of the expression all positions of T moment optical cable; Now locating periodically is T
l=T
p* T
w, wherein T
lrepresent locating periodically, T
pthe indicating impulse repetition period, T
wrepresent time window.Three, to Y
t(s) do peak value and detect and obtain sudden change along position, thereby obtain the position of this time point vibration train, wherein rising edge and negative edge headstock position and the tailstock position of corresponding train respectively; To the each time point analysis in a period of time, obtain the position-time relationship of train in this period; Four, the position-time relationship of train is asked to slope, acquire the real-time speed of each time point train operation.
Especially, described Φ-OTDR system host is arranged in the Control Room at train command scheduling center; Described optical cable is along track laying, is embedded in the soil under track.
Especially, described optical cable is selected signal mode fiber cable.
Rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR provided by the invention location and velocity-measuring system tool have the following advantages: one, Φ-OTDR (Phase-sensitive Optical Time Domain Reflectometry, phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer) omnidistance passive, and be not subject to the interference of electromagnetic field, can ensure normally to work under the rugged surroundings such as thunder and lightning.Two, because Φ-OTDR is full distributed, more than monitoring distance can reach 100km, spatial resolution can reach meter level, and train command scheduling central straight was connected Φ-OTDR system host and obtain real-time position information and the velocity information of train.The present invention has not only solved the problem that tests the speed of track train, and can provide locating information accurately for train, overcomes in prior art that anti-interference is poor, speed data upgrades the defects such as slow and plant maintenance is difficult.
Brief description of the drawings
The location of the rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR and velocity-measuring system mounting structure schematic diagram that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
Φ-OTDR system host structured flowchart that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The displacement-time curve figure of monitored two trains that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.Be understandable that, specific embodiment described herein is only for explaining the present invention, but not limitation of the invention.It also should be noted that, for convenience of description, in accompanying drawing, only show part related to the present invention but not full content.
Please refer to shown in Fig. 1 the location of the rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR and velocity-measuring system scheme of installation that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Rail vehicle location and velocity-measuring system based on Φ-OTDR in the present embodiment specifically comprise Φ-OTDR system host 101 and optical cable 102.Be arranged in the Control Room 103 at train command scheduling center at described Φ-OTDR system host 101.Described optical cable 102 is selected signal mode fiber cable, lays along track 104, is embedded in the soil 105 under track 104, is controlled at 0.5-1m apart from the depth H on ground.
Described Φ-OTDR system host 101 is connected with optical cable 102, is injected into optical cable 102, and the Rayleigh scattering coherent light being reflected back in optical cable 102 is processed for sending pulsed optical signals, obtains real-time position information and the velocity information of train operation.
While transmission, there is Rayleigh scattering in light in optical cable 102, in the time having train to sail monitoring range into, the vibration of train changes the refractive index that causes correspondence position optical cable 102, and then affect the variation of phase place, thereby the amplitude of coherent light is changed, and the coherent light reflecting imports Φ-OTDR system host 101 into.Φ-OTDR system host 101 is processed coherent light, obtains real-time position information and the velocity information of train operation.Wherein, to obtain the principle of train operation positional information and velocity information as follows for Φ-OTDR system host 101: Φ-OTDR system host 101 obtains the length information of corresponding optical fiber by the mistiming between the pulsed optical signals of measuring input pulse light signal and reflect.Because optical cable 102 is to lay along railway line, optical cable 102 length can be corresponding one by one with spatial geographical locations, therefore can obtain according to the length information of the corresponding optical cable 102 of vibration signal the positional information of track train.By the analysis to a period of time internal vibration signal, obtain the position of train and the relation of time; Because speed is the single order derived function value of displacement to the time, therefore the position of train, for the slope of time, is the travelling speed of train.
As shown in Figure 2, Φ-OTDR system host structured flowchart that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.In the present embodiment, described Φ-OTDR system host 101 comprises laser instrument (Laser), acousto-optic modulator (AOM), driver (Driver), Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) (EDFA), bandpass filter (BPF), tunable attenuator (Tunable Attenuator), circulator (Circulator), photodetector and processor (Processor).
Described laser instrument 201, for launching continuous light, is exported to acousto-optic modulator 202.Described continuous light is to meet the continuous light that the super-narrow line width low frequency of corresponding requirements floats.In the present embodiment, laser instrument 201 is super-narrow line width laser instrument, and its live width is generally less than 3KHz.
Described acousto-optic modulator 202 is for being modulated into pulsed optical signals by described continuous light.In the present embodiment, acousto-optic modulator 202 is High Extinction Ratio acousto-optic modulator, and its extinction ratio is greater than 50dB.
Described Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 204 is for amplifying described pulsed optical signals.
Described bandpass filter 205 is carried out filtering processing for the pulsed optical signals that Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 204 is exported.
Described tunable attenuator 206 is for adjusting the power of the pulsed optical signals of receiving.
Described circulator 207 is for being injected into optical cable 102 by the pulsed optical signals of tunable attenuator 206 import and exports, and light, in optical cable 102, Rayleigh scattering occurs, and receives the coherent light being reflected back in optical cable 102, exports to photodetector 208 by the 3rd port.
Described photodetector 208, for described Rayleigh scattering coherent light is converted into electric signal, is exported to processor 209.
Described processor 209, for described electric signal is carried out to signal processing, obtains real-time position information and the velocity information of train operation.
The detailed process that processor 209 carries out data processing is as follows: one, according to original Rayleigh scattering curve, on optical cable 102, each spatial point has a time dependent signal X
s(t), wherein, X
s(t) vibration signal that is s from train command scheduling centre distance on expression optical cable 102.Two, the signal X to each spatial point
s(t) adding width is T
wtime window, then the signal in each time window is done to wavelet transformation, threshold value noise reduction, filter away high frequency noise and the slow polarization noise becoming, the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of raising system, and the signal of reconstruct is asked to root mean square, obtain the level of vibration of signal in this time window, and then the vibration signal that obtains optical cable 102 diverse locations on each time point is Y
t(s), Y wherein
t(s) vibration signal of the expression all positions of T moment optical cable; Now locating periodically is T
l=T
p* T
w, wherein T
lrepresent locating periodically, T
pthe indicating impulse repetition period, T
wrepresent time window.Three, to Y
t(s) do peak value and detect and obtain sudden change along position, thereby obtain the position of this time point vibration train, wherein rising edge and negative edge headstock position and the tailstock position of corresponding train respectively; To the each time point analysis in a period of time, obtain the position-time relationship of train in this period; Four, the position-time relationship of train is asked to slope, acquire the real-time speed of each time point train operation.
The present invention successfully tries out in railway division, Wuhan.As shown in Figure 3,301 represent the displacement-time curve of a train, and 302 represent the displacement-time curve of b train.The present invention can detect in monitoring range, the two row trains that travel in opposite directions on two parallel orbits by a distance, to meeting, again to the whole motion process that sails out of dorsad guarded region, and velocity information separately.As calculated, the speed V of a train
afor 115km/h, the speed V of b train
bfor 105km/h, in the velocity range that K (fast) train normally travels.In above-described embodiment application, pulse repetition rate T
pfor 0.1ms, time window T
wbe 100 points, locating periodically T
l=0.1ms*100=10ms.Therefore at a locating periodically T
ltime span in, the distance of a, b train running is respectively 0.32m and 0.29m.In above-described embodiment application, the Refresh Data cycle is 0.1s.
Above-described embodiment shows that all distributed vibration sensors with real-time navigation capability all can be applicable to testing the speed and locating of track train, and Φ-OTDR system host is one wherein.In the situation that not departing from spirit of the present invention or essential characteristic, the present invention can be by realizing based on distributed vibration sensor other principle, that have real-time navigation capability.
Technical scheme tool of the present invention has the following advantages: one, Φ-OTDR whole process is passive, and is not subject to the interference of electromagnetic field, can ensure normally to work under the rugged surroundings such as thunder and lightning.Two, because Φ-OTDR is full distributed, more than monitoring distance can reach 100km, spatial resolution can reach meter level, train command scheduling central straight was connected Φ-OTDR system host and obtained real-time position information and the velocity information of train, without by alternate manner by real-time Data Transmission to train command scheduling center.The invention solves the problem that tests the speed of track train, and can provide locating information accurately for train, overcome in prior art that anti-interference is poor, speed data upgrades the defects such as slow and plant maintenance is difficult, not only can test the speed and locate for conventional train, but also can be for other rail mounted mode of transportation, and along velocity survey and the location of other objects of permanent haulage line orbital motion.
Note, above are only preferred embodiment of the present invention and institute's application technology principle.Skilled person in the art will appreciate that and the invention is not restricted to specific embodiment described here, can carry out for a person skilled in the art various obvious variations, readjust and substitute and can not depart from protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, although the present invention is described in further detail by above embodiment, the present invention is not limited only to above embodiment, in the situation that not departing from the present invention's design, can also comprise more other equivalent embodiment, and scope of the present invention is determined by appended claim scope.
Claims (5)
1. the location of the rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR and a velocity-measuring system, is characterized in that, comprises Φ-OTDR system host and optical cable;
Described Φ-OTDR system host is connected with optical cable, is injected into optical cable for sending pulsed optical signals, and the Rayleigh scattering coherent light being reflected back in optical cable is processed, and obtains real-time position information and the velocity information of train operation.
2. the rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR according to claim 1 location and velocity-measuring system, it is characterized in that, described Φ-OTDR system host comprises laser instrument, acousto-optic modulator, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), bandpass filter, tunable attenuator, circulator, photodetector and processor;
Described laser instrument is used for launching continuous light, exports to acousto-optic modulator; Wherein, laser instrument is super-narrow line width laser instrument, and its live width is less than 3KHz;
Described acousto-optic modulator is for being modulated into pulsed optical signals by described continuous light; Wherein, acousto-optic modulator is High Extinction Ratio acousto-optic modulator, and its extinction ratio is greater than 50dB;
Described Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) is for amplifying described pulsed optical signals;
Described bandpass filter is for carrying out filtering to the pulsed optical signals of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) output;
Described tunable attenuator is for adjusting the power of the pulsed optical signals of receiving;
Described circulator is for being injected into optical cable by the pulsed optical signals of tunable attenuator import and export, and Rayleigh scattering occurs light in optical cable, and receives the coherent light being reflected back in optical cable, exports to photodetector;
Described photodetector, for described Rayleigh scattering coherent light is converted into electric signal, is exported to processor;
Described processor, for described electric signal is carried out to signal processing, obtains real-time position information and the velocity information of train operation.
3. the rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR according to claim 2 location and velocity-measuring system, is characterized in that, described processor specifically for: one, according to original Rayleigh scattering curve, on optical cable, each spatial point has a time dependent signal X
s(t), wherein, X
s(t) vibration signal that is s from train command scheduling centre distance on expression optical cable; Two, the signal X to each spatial point
s(t) adding width is T
wtime window, then the signal in each time window is done to wavelet transformation, threshold value noise reduction, and the signal of reconstruct is asked to root mean square, obtain the level of vibration of signal in this time window, and then the vibration signal that obtains optical cable diverse location on each time point is Y
t(s), Y wherein
t(s) vibration signal of the expression all positions of T moment optical cable; Now locating periodically is T
l=T
p* T
w, wherein T
lrepresent locating periodically, T
pthe indicating impulse repetition period, T
wrepresent time window.Three, to Y
t(s) do peak value and detect and obtain sudden change along position, thereby obtain the position of this time point vibration train, wherein rising edge and negative edge headstock position and the tailstock position of corresponding train respectively; To the each time point analysis in a period of time, obtain the position-time relationship of train in this period; Four, the position-time relationship of train is asked to slope, acquire the real-time speed of each time point train operation.
4. according to the location of the rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR and velocity-measuring system one of claims 1 to 3 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that, described Φ-OTDR system host is arranged in the Control Room at train command scheduling center; Described optical cable is along track laying, is embedded in the soil under track.
5. the rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR according to claim 4 location and velocity-measuring system, is characterized in that, described optical cable is selected signal mode fiber cable.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410176070.2A CN103926588B (en) | 2014-04-28 | 2014-04-28 | A kind of rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR location and velocity-measuring system |
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| CN201410176070.2A CN103926588B (en) | 2014-04-28 | 2014-04-28 | A kind of rail vehicle based on Φ-OTDR location and velocity-measuring system |
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| CN104457808A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-03-25 | 北京奥普科达科技有限公司 | Method and system for achieving phi-OTDR system long-distance monitoring |
| CN106452567A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2017-02-22 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Railway safety monitoring system and monitoring method |
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