CN106828543A - A kind of optical fiber distributed type train monitoring system - Google Patents
A kind of optical fiber distributed type train monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106828543A CN106828543A CN201710147318.6A CN201710147318A CN106828543A CN 106828543 A CN106828543 A CN 106828543A CN 201710147318 A CN201710147318 A CN 201710147318A CN 106828543 A CN106828543 A CN 106828543A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
- B61L27/70—Details of trackside communication
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L25/00—Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or vehicle trains or setting of track apparatus
- B61L25/02—Indicating or recording positions or identities of vehicles or vehicle trains
- B61L25/021—Measuring and recording of train speed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L25/00—Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or vehicle trains or setting of track apparatus
- B61L25/06—Indicating or recording the setting of track apparatus, e.g. of points, of signals
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of optical fiber distributed type train monitoring system, including rail subgrade and the railway main orbit being arranged at the top of rail subgrade, the railway main orbit both sides are connected to the first railway branch track and the second railway branch track, the railway main orbit is externally provided with interval detecting optical cable positioned at platform, the first railway branch track and the second railway branch interorbital are provided with the station area detecting optical cable of the interval detecting optical cable of one end connection, railway main orbit is located on station area detecting optical cable, station area's annular detection optical cable is provided with first railway branch track and the second railway branch track, traveling has interval running train on the railway main orbit.The system has the advantages that detection, and fore device is passive, electromagnetism interference, therefore in the case where other electricity train control systems cannot work because of disconnection fault, the system still can normal work, ensure the operation safety of train.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to train monitoring technical field, more particularly to a kind of optical fiber distributed type train monitoring system.
Background technology
At present, in the railway system, single-track railway is mainly by the train control system of all-relay semi-automatic block system to control
The operation of train simultaneously ensures the safe operation of train.And all-relay semi-automatic block system train control system can only be existed by artificial control train
The entrance of traffic coverage is rolled away from, it is impossible to obtain particular location and running state information of the train in traffic coverage in real time.Cause
This, train once enters traffic coverage, and the important information such as its particular location and running status cannot all be grasped, and this is to single-track railway
For, huge potential safety hazard is there is, easily trigger causes the great peace such as train from overtaking collision, collision due to artificial scheduling error
Full accident.Therefore, in single-track railway, the information such as position, speed, the vehicle of interval running train are obtained in real time, and in station
Orbit occupancy information is effectively monitored significant.The present invention is directed to above-mentioned application demand, realizes following three points wound
Newly：1) using the existing communications optical cable resource laid in all-relay semi-automatic block system single-track railway, it is distributed by terminal incoming fiber optic
Formula vibration monitoring main frame, realizes the real-time detection of train operation state, and the monitoring distance of single set system can be more than 20km；2) pass through
Treatment is analyzed to the optical signal that optical cable is received, position, speed and vehicle of interval running train etc. can be in real time obtained
Integrated information；3) same system can also be realized to station inner orbit occupied information by being serially connected in the detecting optical cable laid in the area of station
Real-time monitoring.
It is high, real-time that optical fiber distributed type train monitoring system proposed by the present invention possesses long-distance distributed measurement, signal to noise ratio
Property good, positioning precision is high, detection front end without the characteristic such as power supply, electromagnetism interference, to realizing that train is positioned, tested the speed, vehicle is sentenced
Disconnected and station inner orbit takes monitoring and has preferable feasibility to accident early warning.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve shortcoming present in prior art, and a kind of optical fiber distributed type train for proposing
Monitoring system.
To achieve these goals, present invention employs following technical scheme：
A kind of optical fiber distributed type train monitoring system, including rail subgrade and the railway master that is arranged at the top of rail subgrade
Track, the railway main orbit both sides are connected to the first railway branch track and the second railway branch track, the railway backbone
Road is externally provided with interval detecting optical cable positioned at platform, and the first railway branch track and the second railway branch interorbital are provided with one end connection
The station area detecting optical cable of interval detecting optical cable, on station area detecting optical cable be located at railway main orbit, the first railway branch track and
Station area's annular detection optical cable is provided with second railway branch track, traveling has interval running train on the railway main orbit, described
The first railway branch track and the second railway branch interorbital traveling are located on railway main orbit stop train in station.
Preferably, the monitoring step of monitoring system includes as follows：
S1：Fiber-optic vibration detection main frame transmitting optical signal enters the interval detecting optical cable for constituting sensing device, area's detection of standing
In the single mode fiber cable of optical cable and station area's annular detection optical cable；
S2：The optical signal that reception is reflected through sensing device, the optical signal is that fiber cores are believed by external sound wave
The backward Rayleigh scattering light that reflects of certain position of number disturbance, waveform generator synchronization trigger data acquisition sticks into row data
Collection, the data entering signal processing unit after collection carries out further signal transacting；
S3：In treatment collection recoil simulator, carry out signal transacting and made by wheel track with getting diverse location on optical fiber
Time-frequency domain information included in vibration and acoustic signals.
Preferably, in the step S1, optical signal, the pulsed light are launched through the acousto-optic modulator of High Extinction Ratio from light source
Signal enters in the optical cable for constituting sensing device after pulse amplifier amplifies and wave filter suppresses noise.
Preferably, in the step S2, the optical signal reflected from sensing device amplifies and filters through pulse amplifier
Ripple device enters detector after eliminating back scattering noise, and the reflected light signal is fiber cores by external sound wave signal disturbance
The backward Rayleigh scattering light that reflects of certain position.
Preferably, in the step S3, collection signal is carried out by slide-window integrator first using signal processor pre-
Treatment, then detection performance is further improved by Third-order cumulants arithmetic unit, by processing collection signal to get on optical fiber
Diverse location is by the time-frequency domain information included in the vibration of rail wheeling action and acoustic signals.
Preferably, the system is used for from obtaining the related time-frequency domain of Wheel Rail Vibration in acoustic signals comprising train Wheel Rail Vibration
Information.
Preferably, when the vibration and acoustic signals that carry train Wheel Rail Vibration correlation time-frequency domain information propagate to optical cable position
When putting, the phase place change of the Rayleigh scattering light of this position correspondence fiber segment can be caused, Rayleigh will be shown by interference effect
The light intensity change of light is scattered, the Rayleigh scattering optical signal that fiber reflection is returned is received in detector, using signal processor first
Collection signal is pre-processed by slide-window integrator, then detection performance is further improved using Third-order cumulants arithmetic unit,
Sensitivity in system signal noise ratio and the detection of Wheel Rail Vibration relation is substantially increased by the signal processing method of above series of,
To obtain the relevant information of more Wheel Rail Vibrations.
Preferably, after denoising and obtaining signal to noise ratio vibration signal higher, sensed using optical fiber distribution type vibration
The characteristic of real time high-speed dynamic vibration measurement can be realized, the positioning to bullet train is realized, real-time train motion is being obtained
After curve, train real-time speed is further obtained by derivation, by the real-time train vibration signal amplitude size to obtaining and
The judgement of waveform length, obtains the vehicle species of bullet train, is obtaining in station after real-time train vibration signal curve, leads to
Crossing can obtain corresponding train occupation station inner orbit to there is the interval judgement of vibration signal section.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Front end sensing device in the present invention includes being embedded in iron
Section communication optical cable below rail and the communications optical cable two parts laid perpendicular to orbital direction in the area of station, this two parts optical cable
Connected using cascade.The vibration signal that section communication optical cable is received is used to detect the position of train, quantity, direction, speed
Degree and vehicle information, monitoring of the communications optical cable laid in area of standing for interior train rail occupied information of standing.
Optical fiber distributed type train monitoring system proposed by the present invention, monitors main frame, to railway by optical fiber distribution type vibration
The light pulse signal of 10~20ns width is input into section communication optical cable, whole piece communications optical cable for will being laid along track etc. is can be considered
Effect is divided into 20~40 meters of independent monitoring sections of width.In railway section monitored area, when train operation is independently supervised to each
When surveying section, according to the vibration signal of the section for collecting, you can realize the inspection to running train position and quantity in interval
Survey；Each monitoring section that system is divided to optical cable represents 20~40 meters of specific monitoring length, in the certain hour cycle
Monitoring section segment number and direction that interior collection train is passed through, system can obtain real time execution speed and the direction of train；Pass through
To train by the oscillating curve amplitude size caused by the moment and shared section quantity judgement, it is possible to achieve to running train
The identification of type；The monitored area in station, for the monitoring of station inner orbit occupied information, system is by edge in station perpendicular to track
Direction lay vibration detecting optical cable be concatenated into the fibre core more than needed of section communication optical cable, stand in vibration detecting optical cable at every
The ring-like laying of optical cable of station track 20~40 meters of length formed below, had both been considered as 1~2 independent light of laying below every track
Cable monitors section, to strengthen the signal to noise ratio of track vibration signal during to train occupation, by detecting the section that vibration signal occurs
Position, then may determine that the respective carter of train occupation in station.
The system has the advantages that detection fore device passive (not being afraid of thunderbolt), electromagnetism interference, therefore in other electricity
In the case that class train control system cannot work because of disconnection fault, the system still can normal work, the operation safety of guarantee train.This
Outward, the system also have measurement distance is long, positioning precision is high, real-time good, it is multi-functional compound the features such as, can be with existing electricity
Class train control system forms good complementation, therefore with larger application value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is system the Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is that optics host computer system of the invention constitutes schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is system detection running train original vibration signal treatment figure of the invention；
Fig. 4 is vibration signal processing figure after system detection running train filtering of the invention；
Fig. 5 is vibration signal processing figure after system detection algorithm treatment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is interval running train position of the invention and quantity schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is running train vehicle cab recognition schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 8 is that train rail occupancy judges schematic diagram in station of the invention；
Fig. 9 is that system function module of the invention constitutes block diagram.
In figure：1 fiber-optic vibration detection main frame, 2 interval detecting optical cables, 3 station area detecting optical cables, 4 station area annular detection optical cables,
5 railway main orbits, 6 interval running trains, stop train, 8 rail subgrades, 9 first railway branch tracks, 10 second railways in 7 stations
Branch track.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, to this
Invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of optical fiber distributed type train monitoring system, including rail subgrade 8 and it is arranged at the railway at the top of rail subgrade 8
Main orbit 5, the both sides of railway main orbit 5 are connected to the first railway branch track 9 and the second railway branch track 10, the iron
Road main orbit 5 is externally provided with interval detecting optical cable 2 positioned at platform, between the first railway branch track 9 and the second railway branch track 10
Be provided with the station area detecting optical cable 3 of the interval detecting optical cable 2 of one end connection, be located on station area detecting optical cable 3 railway main orbit 5,
Station area annular detection optical cable 4 is provided with first railway branch track 9 and the second railway branch track 10, the railway main orbit 5 is up
Interval running train 6 is sailed, row between the first railway branch track 9 and the second railway branch track 10 has been located on the railway main orbit 5
Sail and train 7 has been stopped in station.
The monitoring step of monitoring system includes as follows：
S1：Fiber-optic vibration detection main frame transmitting optical signal enters the interval detecting optical cable for constituting sensing device, area's detection of standing
In the single mode fiber cable of optical cable and station area's annular detection optical cable；
S2：The optical signal that reception is reflected through sensing device, the optical signal is that fiber cores are believed by external sound wave
The backward Rayleigh scattering light that reflects of certain position of number disturbance, waveform generator synchronization trigger data acquisition sticks into row data
Collection, the data entering signal processing unit after collection carries out further signal transacting；
S3：In treatment collection recoil simulator, carry out signal transacting and made by wheel track with getting diverse location on optical fiber
Time-frequency domain information included in vibration and acoustic signals.
In the step S1, optical signal, the pulsed optical signals warp are launched through the acousto-optic modulator of High Extinction Ratio from light source
Enter in the optical cable for constituting sensing device after extra pulse amplifier amplifies and wave filter suppresses noise.In the step S2, from
The optical signal that sensing device is reflected enters detection after pulse amplifier amplifies and wave filter eliminates back scattering noise
Device, the reflected light signal is fiber cores rear scattered to Rayleigh what is reflected by certain position of external sound wave signal disturbance
Penetrate light.In the step S3, collection signal is pre-processed by slide-window integrator first using signal processor, then pass through
Third-order cumulants arithmetic unit further improves detection performance, is subject to getting diverse location on optical fiber by processing collection signal
Time-frequency domain information included in the vibration of rail wheeling action and acoustic signals.The system is used for from comprising train Wheel Rail Vibration harmony
Wheel Rail Vibration correlation time-frequency domain information is obtained in ripple signal.When the vibration harmony for carrying train Wheel Rail Vibration correlation time-frequency domain information
When ripple signal propagates to optical cable position, the phase place change of the Rayleigh scattering light of this position correspondence fiber segment can be caused, by dry
The effect of relating to will show the light intensity change of Rayleigh scattering light, and the Rayleigh scattering light letter that fiber reflection is returned is received in detector
Number, collection signal is pre-processed by slide-window integrator first using signal processor, then using Third-order cumulants computing
Device further improves detection performance, substantially increases system signal noise ratio by the signal processing method of above series of and wheel track shakes
Sensitivity in dynamic relation detection, to obtain the relevant information of more Wheel Rail Vibrations.
Preferably, after denoising and obtaining signal to noise ratio vibration signal higher, sensed using optical fiber distribution type vibration
The characteristic of real time high-speed dynamic vibration measurement can be realized, the positioning to bullet train is realized, real-time train motion is being obtained
After curve, train real-time speed is further obtained by derivation, by the real-time train vibration signal amplitude size to obtaining and
The judgement of waveform length, obtains the vehicle species of bullet train, is obtaining in station after real-time train vibration signal curve, leads to
Crossing can obtain corresponding train occupation station inner orbit to there is the interval judgement of vibration signal section.
Front end sensing device in the present invention include being embedded in the section communication optical cable below rail and in the area of station it is vertical
In communications optical cable two parts that orbital direction is laid, this two parts optical cable is connected using cascade.Section communication optical cable is received
To vibration signal be used to detect the position of train, quantity, direction, speed and vehicle information, in area of standing lay communications optical cable
For the monitoring of interior train rail occupied information of standing.Optical fiber distributed type train monitoring system proposed by the present invention, by optical fiber point
Cloth vibration monitoring main frame, to the light pulse signal that 10~20ns width is input into railway section communication optical cable, can be considered edge
The equivalent independence for being divided into 20~40 meters of width of whole piece communications optical cable that track is laid monitors sections.In railway section monitoring section
Domain, when train operation independently monitors section to each, according to the vibration signal of the section for collecting, you can realize to interval
Interior running train position and the detection of quantity；Each monitoring section that system is divided to optical cable represents 20~40 meters specific
Monitoring length, gathers monitoring section segment number and direction that train is passed through within the certain hour cycle, and system can obtain train
Real time execution speed and direction；By to train by the oscillating curve amplitude size caused by the moment and shared section quantity
Judge, it is possible to achieve the identification to running train type；The monitored area in station, for the monitoring of station inner orbit occupied information,
System will be concatenated into the fibre core more than needed of section communication optical cable in station along the vibration detecting optical cable laid perpendicular to orbital direction,
Vibration detecting optical cable in standing both had been considered as in every rail in the every ring-like laying of optical cable of station track 20~40 meters of length formed below
1~2 independent fiber optic cable monitor section is laid in road lower section, to strengthen the signal to noise ratio of track vibration signal during to train occupation, leads to
The section position that detection vibration signal occurs is crossed, then may determine that the respective carter of train occupation in station.The system has detection
Fore device passive (not being afraid of thunderbolt), the advantage of electromagnetism interference, thus other electricity train control systems because disconnection fault without
In the case that method works, the system still can normal work, the operation safety of guarantee train.Additionally, the system also have measurement away from
From length, positioning precision is high, real-time is good, it is multi-functional compound the features such as, can be formed well with existing electricity train control system
Complementation, therefore with larger application value
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, technology according to the present invention scheme and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent or change, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of optical fiber distributed type train monitoring system, including rail subgrade (8) and the iron being arranged at the top of rail subgrade (8)
Road main orbit (5), railway main orbit (5) both sides are connected to the first railway branch track (9) and the second railway branch track
(10), it is characterised in that：The railway main orbit (5) is externally provided with interval detecting optical cable (2), the first railway branch positioned at platform
Station area detecting optical cable (3) of the interval detecting optical cable (2) of one end connection, institute are provided between track (9) and the second railway branch track (10)
Railway main orbit (5), the first railway branch track (9) and second railway branch track (10) place are located in Shu Zhan areas detecting optical cable (3)
Station area's annular detection optical cable (4) is provided with, traveling has interval running train (6), the railway backbone on the railway main orbit (5)
Traveling between the first railway branch track (9) and the second railway branch track (10) is located on road (5) stop train (7) in station.
2. a kind of optical fiber distributed type train monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The monitoring of monitoring system
Step includes as follows：
S1：Fiber-optic vibration detection main frame transmitting optical signal enters interval detecting optical cable, the area's detecting optical cable of standing for constituting sensing device
In the single mode fiber cable of station area's annular detection optical cable；
S2：The optical signal that reception is reflected through sensing device, the optical signal is that fiber cores are disturbed by external sound wave signal
The backward Rayleigh scattering light that certain dynamic position reflects, waveform generator synchronization trigger data acquisition sticks into row data and adopts
Collection, the data entering signal processing unit after collection carries out further signal transacting；
S3：In treatment collection recoil simulator, signal transacting is carried out to get diverse location on optical fiber and is subject to rail wheeling action
Time-frequency domain information included in vibration and acoustic signals.
3. a kind of optical fiber distributed type train monitoring system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：In the step S1,
Launch optical signal through the acousto-optic modulator of High Extinction Ratio from light source, the pulsed optical signals amplify and filter by pulse amplifier
Ripple device enters in the optical cable for constituting sensing device after suppressing noise.
4. a kind of optical fiber distributed type train monitoring system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：In the step S2,
The optical signal reflected from sensing device enters after pulse amplifier amplifies and wave filter eliminates back scattering noise to be visited
Device is surveyed, the reflected light signal is fiber cores rear to Rayleigh what is reflected by certain position of external sound wave signal disturbance
Scattering light.
5. a kind of optical fiber distributed type train monitoring system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：In the step S3,
Collection signal is pre-processed by slide-window integrator first using signal processor, then is entered by Third-order cumulants arithmetic unit
One step improves detection performance, and the vibration harmony that diverse location on optical fiber is subject to rail wheeling action is got by processing collection signal
Time-frequency domain information included in ripple signal.
6. a kind of optical fiber distributed type train monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The system is used for from bag
The time-frequency domain information related to Wheel Rail Vibration is obtained in acoustic signals of Wheel Rail Vibration containing train.
7. a kind of optical fiber distributed type train monitoring system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：When carrying train wheel track
When the vibration of the related time-frequency domain information of vibration and acoustic signals propagate to optical cable position, this position correspondence fiber segment can be caused
The phase place change of Rayleigh scattering light, the light intensity that will show Rayleigh scattering light by interference effect changes, and is received in detector
The Rayleigh scattering optical signal that fiber reflection is returned, is carried out pre- by slide-window integrator to collection signal first using signal processor
Treatment, then detection performance is further improved using Third-order cumulants arithmetic unit, the signal processing method by above series of is big
The big sensitivity that improve in system signal noise ratio and the detection of Wheel Rail Vibration relation, to obtain the relevant information of more Wheel Rail Vibrations.
8. a kind of optical fiber distributed type train monitoring system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：By denoising and obtaining
After obtaining signal to noise ratio vibration signal higher, can realize what real time high-speed dynamic vibration was measured using optical fiber distribution type vibration sensing
Characteristic, realizes the positioning to bullet train, after real-time train curve movement is obtained, further obtains train reality by derivation
Shi Sudu, by the judgement of real-time train vibration signal amplitude size and waveform length to obtaining, obtains the car of bullet train
Type species, is obtaining in station after real-time train vibration signal curve, can by the judgement to there is vibration signal section interval
To obtain corresponding train occupation station inner orbit.
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Cited By (16)
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| CN107256635A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-10-17 | 浙江大学 | Vehicle identification method based on distributing optical fiber sensing in a kind of intelligent transportation |
| CN108595386A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-09-28 | 长沙理工大学 | Distributed optical fiber vibration measurement method and device based on Higher Order Cumulants analysis |
| CN109334715A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-02-15 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of optical fiber orbit occupancy monitoring system and method based on vibration measurement |
| CN109532894A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-03-29 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | A kind of train water overflow monitoring system based on distribution type fiber-optic |
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| CN111845843A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-30 | 南京大学 | High-speed rail safe operation detection method based on optical fiber distributed vibration monitoring |
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| CN107256635A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-10-17 | 浙江大学 | Vehicle identification method based on distributing optical fiber sensing in a kind of intelligent transportation |
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Application publication date: 20170613 |