CN103926146A - Constant-load stress corrosion testing device of small test sample and testing method thereof - Google Patents
Constant-load stress corrosion testing device of small test sample and testing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a constant-load stress corrosion evaluation method and a constant-load stress corrosion evaluation device of a small test sample. The essentials are as follows: the constant-load stress corrosion testing method and device can be used for testing an anti-stress corrosion cracking property of a thin-wall pipe and a small-size member; the small-size test sample is designed and processed and the level of the loaded stretching stress is accurately controlled; a stress corrosion experiment is carried out in an acidic environment; an anti-sulfide stress corrosion performance and an acting mechanism of the thin-wall pipe and the small-size member in the acidic corrosion environment are evaluated and researched according to an experiment result. With the adoption of the evaluation method and device, the anti-stress corrosion cracking property of the thin-wall pipe and the small-size member, which can not be used for processing a standard test sample, can be determined; the applicability of the material of the member can be obtained according to a testing result, so that the material selection and the applicability evaluation of the thin-wall pipe and the small-size member are carried out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of member experimental technique of carrying out constant load stress corrosion evaluation that cannot processing criterion sample for oil gas field thin walled tube, small size component etc., the invention still further relates to the experimental provision that uses the method test thin walled tube, small size component stress corrosion characteristics.
Background technology
In metal material chemical experiment, need to carry out constant load stress etching experiment to member that cannot processing criterion sample for thin walled tube, small size component etc. in petroleum industry, chemical industry, thus member is carried out in stress state and corrosion environment material preferably with applicability evaluation.Constant load stress etching experiment conventional method is to adopt stress loop to carry out the experiment of A method, specimen size φ 6.35 * 110mm, minimum grip end diameter 10mm according to standard NACE0177 both at home and abroad at present; And compact specimen is φ 3.81 * 110mm, minimum grip end diameter 5mm.The thin walled tube, the small size component that for wall thickness, are less than 4mm cannot be processed above sample, and easily sample itself is caused to mechanical property damage in process, evaluation result and on-the-spot result differ larger, can not provide reliable basis for the preferred and applicability evaluation of member material in actual condition environment.Thereby for these current Standard test methods in special small size position, specimen size parameter all can not meet field requirement.
In petroleum and chemical industry industry, etching problem is on the rise, and especially thin walled tube, small size component, all under certain stress state, are on active service in sour corrosion environment.The stress etching experiment evaluation of these privileged sites at present academicly with in engineering has extremely important value, owing to lacking corresponding experimental technique and device, causes corresponding evaluation experimental not carry out.Conventional stress etching experiment loads metal material by stress loop, small size privileged sites cannot processing sample, thereby cannot carry out the stress etching experiment at small size position, thereby the metal material selection at these positions does not have Standard test method and applicability to evaluate foundation, cause on-the-spot selection difficulty, even occur the stress corrosion crack accident causing because selection is unreasonable.
At present, conventional constant load stress etching experiment method has the following disadvantages:
(A) specimen size is larger, is not suitable for thin walled tube, the test of small size component anti-stress corrosion performance;
(B) small size position is forced to be processed as standard sample and is caused mechanical property damage, and experimental result reliability and on-the-spot reference value reduce;
(C) pick-up unit is not suitable for the test of small size sample, and load range is excessive causes the inaccurate of load, in experimentation, cannot monitor in real time sample load size.
For solving conventional constant load stress etching experiment, can not carry out the problem of small size sample stress etching experiment, the present invention is by stress loop, small sample constant load stress corrosion evaluation method has been proposed, sample holder, the charger of design small size stress etching experiment, formation is applicable to small size sample constant load stress corrosion Novel experimental method, can be good at addressing the above problem.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of and can more truly reflect field working conditions, for measuring the method for thin walled tube, small size component constant load stress etching experiment.
Another technical matters that the present invention will solve be to provide a kind of simple in structure, easy operating, safe and reliable, can carry out easily the parallel laboratory test of many groups, for simulating small size sample constant load stress etching experiment clamping device used.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A small sample constant load stress corrosion proving installation, is characterized in that this device comprises with lower member: displacement transducer (1), loading screw rod (2), standing screw (3), base (4), stress loop (7), stress determination sample (9), corrosion test chamber (12), sample (16) and test medium (17);
Described stress loop (7) is fixed on base (4) by hold-down nut (5) by standing screw (3), this stress loop (7) inside has corrosion test chamber (12), test medium (17) and sample (16) are equipped with in this corrosion test chamber (12), the U-shaped fixture end of described standing screw (3), through the bottom in corrosion test chamber (12) the fixing bottom of sample (16), has lower sealing ring (18) between described standing screw (3) and corrosion test chamber (12).
Described loading screw rod (2) passes stress loop (7) top by loading nut (6) is connected with one end of stress determination sample (9), the other end of this stress determination sample (9) is U-shaped fixture end, the U-shaped fixture end of described stress determination sample (9) is through the top in corrosion test chamber (12) the fixing top of sample (16), between described loading screw rod (2) and corrosion test chamber (12), there is upper sealing ring (11), the size of described stress determination sample (9) is identical with sample (16), and at the middle part of this stress determination sample (9), foil gauge (10) is installed.
Described base (4) has a support, and displacement transducer (1) is installed on this support, and this displacement transducer (1) is positioned at the top of stress loop (7).
Between described upper sealing ring (11) and lower sealing ring (18) and corrosion test chamber (12), O-ring seal (13) is installed; The U-shaped fixture end of described stress determination sample (9) and the U-shaped fixture end of standing screw (3) pass through fixedly sample (16) of pin (20).
Between the U-shaped fixture end of described stress determination sample (9) and the U-shaped fixture end of standing screw (3) and sample (16), have insulation spacer (19), this insulation spacer (19) is teflon material; Described loading screw rod (2), standing screw (3), hold-down nut (5), to load nut (6), stress loop (7) and pin (20) be that Hastelloy by decay resistance processes.
Between described loading nut (6) and stress loop (7), have rotation pad (8), this rotation pad (8) is processed by the Hastelloy of decay resistance.
Described corrosion test chamber (12) also has air intake opening (14) and gas outlet (15).
Its sample of institute (16) is flattened rectangular sample, and its thickness is 0.9mm~2mm, and width is 3mm~5mm.
Described test medium (17) is corrosive medium.
Adopt foregoing small sample constant load stress corrosion proving installation to carry out a method for corrosion test, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step 1, according to required simulated field working condition contrived experiment corrosive medium, sample loaded load size;
Step 2, installs sample (16), by loading screw rod (2) loading stress, by displacement transducer (1) and foil gauge (10), determines load;
Step 3, adds corrosive medium in corrosion experiment chamber (12), and air intake opening (14), gas outlet (15) are connected to respectively to H
2s, CO
2or N
2gas cylinder and exhaust treatment system;
Step 4, in corrosion experiment chamber (12), corrosive medium carries out, after abundant deoxygenation, passing into H
2s or CO
2deng corrosive gas, start experiment writing time, described test period is 720h;
Whether step 5, after experiment finishes, carries out abundant deoxygenation, and sample (16) is unloaded, observe sample and rupture and carry out crack detection, specimen surface erosion profile and corrosion product analysis.
Beneficial effect:
(A) specimen size is little, is convenient to processing;
(B) can utilize foil gauge and displacement transducer test load simultaneously, ensure the accuracy of loaded load.
(C) in experimentation, can monitor in real time sample whether deformation and the time dependent relation curve of displacement occur.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and the embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation:
Fig. 1 realizes main device structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 realizes sample holder of the present invention position schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 realizes small sample processing dimension figure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is loaded load of the present invention and conventional method magnitude of load comparison diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.
Consult shown in Fig. 1, a kind of small sample constant load stress etching experiment device in the present invention, mainly comprise displacement transducer (1), load screw rod (2), standing screw (3), base (4), hold-down nut (5), load nut (6), stress loop (7), rotation pad (8), stress determination sample (9), foil gauge (10), upper sealing ring (11), corrosion experiment chamber (12), O-ring seal (13), air intake opening (14), gas outlet (15), sample (16), test medium (17), lower sealing ring (18), insulation spacer (19), pin (20), described stress loop (7) upper and lower part is provided with respectively internal thread, it is upper that bottom is firmly fixed on base (4) by standing screw (3), hold-down nut (5), and top loads by stress determination sample (9), loading nut (6), rotation pad (8), described loading screw rod (2) lower end is provided with stress determination sample (9), and size, size is identical with sample (16), and parallel position is provided with foil gauge (10), thus the size of Real-Time Monitoring loading stress, described stress loop (7) load deflection is measured and real time record by displacement transducer (1), described sample (16) is arranged in corrosion experiment chamber (12), by test medium (17) submergence completely, by loading screw rod (2), standing screw (3), connect and load, by upper sealing ring (11), lower sealing ring (18) and O-ring seal (13) sealing, form closed system, on described corrosion experiment chamber (12), be provided with air intake opening (14) and gas outlet (15), the sustainable corrosive gas that passes into, described sample (16) upper end is connected by pin (20) with loading screw rod (2), lower end is connected by pin (20) with standing screw (3), between sample (16) and loading screw rod (2), standing screw (3), be provided with insulation spacer (19), thereby the experimental error of avoiding galvanic couple factor to cause, makes experimental result accurately and reliably.
In the present invention, a kind of small sample constant load stress corrosion evaluation method is as follows.
(A) field working conditions condition simulation, concrete grammar is as follows:
(a) according to field working conditions condition, determine gas phase, liquid phase component, by the preparation of corrosion experiment chamber (12) volume calculations liquid phase component, and pass into H
2s, CO
2speed Deng corrosive gas;
(b), according to on-the-spot member stress condition, according to its suffered stress or strain size, select loaded load size.
(B) sectional fixture and loading procedure, concrete grammar is as follows:
(a) sample (16) upper end is connected by pin (20) in stress determination sample (9) lower end, with insulation spacer (19), sample (16) and stress determination sample (9) are insulated, sample (16) lower end connects by pin (20) in standing screw (3), with insulation spacer (19), insulate equally, then by O-ring seal (13) and upper sealing ring (11), lower sealing ring (18) is arranged on respectively stress determination sample (9) lower end and standing screw (3) upper end, integral body put into corrosion experiment chamber (12) and tighten upper sealing ring (11) and lower sealing ring (18) with guarantee sealing, use hold-down nut (5) by standing screw (3), stress loop (7) is fixed on base (4), use to load screw rod (2) and load nut (6) stress determination sample (9) upper end is fixed, foil gauge (10) is attached to stress determination sample (9) parallel-segment, installation position displacement sensor (1) starts to load according to experimental design stress, record related data, observe the reading of displacement transducer (1) and foil gauge (10) to guarantee the accuracy of sample (16) loaded load simultaneously,
(b) corrosive medium is added in corrosion experiment chamber (12), air intake opening (14), gas outlet (15) are connected to H
2s, CO
2or N
2gas cylinder and exhaust treatment system;
(C) in corrosion experiment chamber (12), corrosive medium carries out, after abundant deoxygenation, passing into H
2s or CO
2deng corrosive gas, start experiment writing time.
(D) whether after experiment finishes, carry out abundant deoxygenation, sample (16) is unloaded, observe sample and rupture and carry out crack detection, specimen surface erosion profile and corrosion product analysis, concrete grammar is as follows:
(a), if sample (16) ruptures, cleaning fracture carries out fracture apperance observation and Analysis on action mechanism draws laboratory report;
(b) if specimen surface erosion profile, corrosion product film analysis are first carried out in not fracture of sample (16); Then clean corrosion product, observe matrix of samples etch state, analyze summary and draw laboratory report.
Example 1 adopts small sample to carry out conventional stress corrosion test
Certain metal composite pipe anti-stress corrosion performance is tested, and first according to 6, Fig. 3 dimensioned sample, sample thickness can adjust accordingly according to complex pipe wall thickness, is installed on stress etching experiment device, specifically loads data as table 1.
Test after 720 hours, washed samples carries out morphology observation and microscopic analysis is found, 6 samples all do not rupture, but there is to a certain degree damage in different parts, wherein test specimen 1 and test specimen 2 macro surface not damageds, test specimen 4 has the macroscopic cracking of obvious cracking, and there is fish scale-shaped damage in test specimen 6 surfaces, there is irregular macroscopic damage on test specimen 3 and test specimen 5 surfaces, by sample degree of injury, can judge that material resists the performance of stress corrosion under this environment.
Example 2 the present invention carry out small sample stress corrosion test
6 of same processing sample, according to the present invention, sample is assemblied on stress corrosion sample device, corrosion experiment chamber (12) when being tested, load wouldn't be installed, foil gauge (10) is affixed on to stress determination sample (9) parallel-segment, according to the interaction principle of power, only need counter stress to measure sample (9) and carry out stress-strain test, can accurately record the tension that sample (16) is subject to, thus the accuracy of further proof stress ring loaded load.
For accuracy and the reliability of verifying that this device loads, respectively foil gauge (10) is affixed on to the parallel-segment of stress determination sample (9) and sample (16), be designated as respectively A1, A3, then sample is loaded, and real time record foil gauge data, record A1 and A3 position stress, strain size is consistent, illustrates that sample (16) is consistent with the suffered magnitude of load of stress determination sample (9), meets this device design result.Its data and conventional stress loop are loaded to Data Comparison discovery, use stress loop calibration curve gained assumed (specified) load little compared with real load, utilize real load on conventional stress loop sample that calibration curve is carried in (16) much larger than Theoretical Design load, conventional stress loop loads with apparatus of the present invention and loads such as Fig. 4, illustrates and is necessary to use this device to load and conventional stress loop loading method is verified.
Determine after loaded load size, reuse apparatus of the present invention certain metal composite pipe is carried out to stress corrosion resistant experiment, load respectively 80% σ s, 100% two kinds of σ s stress levels, concrete loading parameters is as table 2, after 720 hours corrosion experiments, sample does not all rupture, there is no crackle and surface damage yet, sample is without the vestige of obvious plastic yield, explanation is rational through the amended loading method of the present invention, also in illustrated example 1, why sample occurs obviously along brilliant crackle and damage, reason is excessive the causing of conventional stress loop loading stress, there is larger experimental error, and adopt apparatus of the present invention experimental results accurate, reliably.
Table 1
Table 2
Should be understood that these embodiment are only not used in and limit the scope of the invention for the present invention is described.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after having read the content of the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Claims (8)
1. a small sample constant load stress corrosion proving installation, is characterized in that this device comprises with lower member: displacement transducer (1), loading screw rod (2), standing screw (3), base (4), stress loop (7), stress determination sample (9), corrosion test chamber (12), sample (16) and test medium (17);
Described stress loop (7) is fixed on base (4) by hold-down nut (5) by standing screw (3), this stress loop (7) inside has corrosion test chamber (12), test medium (17) and sample (16) are equipped with in this corrosion test chamber (12), the U-shaped fixture end of described standing screw (3), through the bottom in corrosion test chamber (12) the fixing bottom of sample (16), has lower sealing ring (18) between described standing screw (3) and corrosion test chamber (12);
Described loading screw rod (2) passes stress loop (7) top by loading nut (6) is connected with one end of stress determination sample (9), the other end of this stress determination sample (9) is U-shaped fixture end, the U-shaped fixture end of described stress determination sample (9) is through the top in corrosion test chamber (12) the fixing top of sample (16), between described loading screw rod (2) and corrosion test chamber (12), there is upper sealing ring (11), the size of described stress determination sample (9) is identical with sample (16), and at the middle part of this stress determination sample (9), foil gauge (10) is installed;
Described base (4) has a support, and displacement transducer (1) is installed on this support, and this displacement transducer (1) is positioned at the top of stress loop (7).
2. a kind of small sample constant load stress corrosion proving installation as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, between described upper sealing ring (11) and lower sealing ring (18) and corrosion test chamber (12), O-ring seal (13) is installed; The U-shaped fixture end of described stress determination sample (9) and the U-shaped fixture end of standing screw (3) pass through fixedly sample (16) of pin (20).
3. a kind of small sample constant load stress corrosion proving installation as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that having insulation spacer (19) between the U-shaped fixture end of described stress determination sample (9) and the U-shaped fixture end of standing screw (3) and sample (16), this insulation spacer (19) is teflon material; Described loading screw rod (2), standing screw (3), hold-down nut (5), to load nut (6), stress loop (7) and pin (20) be that Hastelloy by decay resistance processes.
4. a kind of small sample constant load stress corrosion proving installation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that having rotation pad (8) between described loading nut (6) and stress loop (7), this rotation pad (8) is processed by the Hastelloy of decay resistance.
5. a kind of small sample constant load stress corrosion proving installation as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described corrosion test chamber (12) also has air intake opening (14) and gas outlet (15).
6. a kind of small sample constant load stress corrosion proving installation as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that its sample of institute (16) is for flattened rectangular sample, and its thickness is 0.9mm~2mm, and width is 3mm~5mm.
7. a kind of small sample constant load stress corrosion proving installation as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described test medium (17) is corrosive medium.
8. the small sample constant load stress corrosion proving installation of employing as described in claim 1-7 carries out a method for corrosion test, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step 1, according to required simulated field working condition contrived experiment corrosive medium, sample loaded load size;
Step 2, installs sample (16), by loading screw rod (2) loading stress, by displacement transducer (1) and foil gauge (10), determines load;
Step 3, adds corrosive medium in corrosion experiment chamber (12), and air intake opening (14), gas outlet (15) are connected to respectively to H
2s, CO
2or N
2gas cylinder and exhaust treatment system;
Step 4, in corrosion experiment chamber (12), corrosive medium carries out, after abundant deoxygenation, passing into H
2s or CO
2deng corrosive gas, start experiment writing time, described test period is 720h;
Whether step 5, after experiment finishes, carries out abundant deoxygenation, and sample (16) is unloaded, observe sample and rupture and carry out crack detection, specimen surface erosion profile and corrosion product analysis.
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