CN110146373B - Standard fastener low temperature mechanical properties test fixture - Google Patents
Standard fastener low temperature mechanical properties test fixture Download PDFInfo
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- CN110146373B CN110146373B CN201910456347.XA CN201910456347A CN110146373B CN 110146373 B CN110146373 B CN 110146373B CN 201910456347 A CN201910456347 A CN 201910456347A CN 110146373 B CN110146373 B CN 110146373B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tool for testing the low-temperature mechanical property of a standard fastener, which comprises a sample locking upper clamp (1), a sample matching flange platform (2), a flange platform fixing lower clamp (3), a heat-insulating barrel shell (4), a tool handheld rod (5) and a heat-insulating barrel cover plate (6); the tool has the advantages of simple internal structure, accurate matching, convenience in installation, wide test (low) temperature range, low manufacturing cost and few material consumption, can be used for testing and researching mechanical property parameters of various types and various size standard fasteners in a low-temperature environment, and has the advantages of real, reliable and repeatable test results, low test cost, long service life, convenience in installation and maintenance and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tool for testing mechanical properties, in particular to a tool for testing mechanical properties of a standard fastener in a low-temperature environment.
Background
The standard fastener is widely applied to the fields of machine manufacturing, processing and the like, and when the standard fastener is applied to model products in the field of aerospace, the research on the mechanical property of the standard fastener is very necessary, especially the research on the mechanical property in a low-temperature environment. However, there is a great difficulty in testing the mechanical properties of standard fasteners in low temperature environments. At present, an imported large-scale mechanical testing machine which is provided with a special low-temperature environment testing box and a matched tool is usually adopted to test the mechanical property of a standard fastener in a low-temperature environment. However, this test method has the following disadvantages: 1) if a large-scale mechanical testing machine imported from abroad is provided with a corresponding high-low temperature environment testing device, the price is high, and the size of a tool carried by the large-scale mechanical testing machine is not matched with that of a standard fastener under domestic standards; 2) for the existing mechanical testing machine provided with the low-temperature environment testing device, the testing process of the low-temperature mechanical property of the material is complex, the accuracy of the test is ensured by replacing a corresponding chuck, and the low-temperature testing device can only be matched with a single testing machine and does not have universality; 3) for a laboratory of the existing mechanical testing machine, due to the limitation of site space, the imported testing machine is purchased again, and the testing machine with insufficient functions is scrapped, so that the cost is high and the resource waste is caused; 4) the traditional low-temperature test method and the test device are complex to operate, and with increasing model tasks, the time cost is high for standard fasteners needing to be retested in a large batch under a low-temperature environment, and the production and use requirements are difficult to meet. Therefore, aiming at the production requirement of the low-temperature mechanical property review of the standard fastener, a novel low-temperature mechanical property testing tool needs to be developed, the problems that a testing device is high in price, the tool is incomplete in size coverage, complicated in using steps, and the testing device does not have universality are solved, and meanwhile, the quick, effective and large-batch low-temperature mechanical property testing can be met, so that a testing foundation is laid for the research and production of the low-temperature mechanical property of the standard fastener.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design and solve the technical problem that the invention provides a low-temperature mechanical property testing tool which can be applied to various mechanical testing machines to carry out quick, effective and large-batch testing and covers various types and size standard fasteners. The tool comprises a sample locking upper clamp (1), a sample matching flange table (2), a flange table fixing lower clamp (3), a heat-insulating barrel shell (4), a tool handheld rod (5) and a heat-insulating barrel cover plate (6); the sample locking upper clamp (1) is used for fastening a test piece, and the sample is matched with the flange table (2) and the flange table fixing lower clamp (3) and is fixed on an upper chuck of the mechanical testing machine through the clamping end of the sample locking upper clamp (1); the heat-insulating barrel shell (4) is clamped on a lower chuck of a mechanical testing machine through the flange table fixing lower clamp (3); the sample matching flange table (2) is connected with the tool handheld rod (5) in a welding mode, and the tool handheld rod (5) is used for taking and placing a test piece; the upper end cover of the heat-insulating barrel body shell (4) is provided with the heat-insulating barrel body cover plate (6).
Preferably, the sample fitting flange platform (2) is provided with a flange platform lower end surface through hole (23) and a flange platform upper end surface through hole (21) for penetrating through the test piece.
Preferably, the test piece penetrating part is matched with a standard fastener thread locking part (11) of the sample locking upper clamp (1) in a thread connection mode.
Preferably, the flange table fixing lower clamp (3) is connected with the heat-insulating barrel body shell (4) in a welding mode.
Preferably, the flange platform fixing lower clamp (3) comprises a flange platform matching inner end face (31) and a tool lower clamping rod (32), the flange platform matching inner end face (31) passes through the sample locking upper clamp (1) and is fixed on an upper chuck of a mechanical testing machine, and the heat-insulating barrel body shell (4) passes through the tool lower clamping rod (32) and is clamped on the lower chuck of the mechanical testing machine.
Preferably, a thin metal sheet with a through hole is covered on the outer surface of the through hole (23) in the lower end face of the flange platform, and the thin metal sheet and a thread locking part (22) of the anti-falling metal sheet on the lower end face of the flange platform are fixed on the lower end face of the flange platform through screws so as to prevent a test piece from being pulled apart and falling into the tool barrel body after the test is completed.
Preferably, the heat-insulating barrel shell (4) is provided with a double-layer structure of an inner layer (41) and an outer layer (42) of the heat-insulating barrel body, so that the heat-insulating property of the tool is greatly improved.
Preferably, a thermocouple is arranged on the inner surface of the inner layer (41) of the heat-insulating barrel body, so that the real-time temperature of the whole test process is accurately measured and controlled;
preferably, the locking upper clamp (1) and the sample matching flange table (2) are matched with the test piece in size.
The tool for testing the low-temperature mechanical property of the standard fastener has the advantages of simple and accurate internal structure, convenient installation, wide testing (low) temperature range, low manufacturing cost and few consumable materials, can be used for testing and researching mechanical property parameters of various types and various sizes of standard fasteners in a low-temperature environment, and can also be expanded and applied to low-temperature mechanical tests of various metal material tensile samples and non-metal material tensile samples. The tool can be directly installed on the original mechanical testing machine, and has the advantages of real, reliable and repeatable testing results, low testing cost, long service life, convenience in installation and maintenance and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembly schematic view of a low-temperature mechanical property testing tool for a standard fastener according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the sample locking upper clamp in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a sample fitting flange table according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower fixture fixed on the flange table according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the casing of the thermal insulating barrel body of the present invention.
In the drawings
1: the sample locks the upper clamp 11: screw thread locking part of standard fastener
2: sample fitting flange stage 21: through hole on upper end face of flange platform
22: anti-falling metal sheet screw thread locking department 23: through hole on lower end surface of flange platform
3: the flange table fixes the lower clamp 31: flange table matched inner end face
32: and (4) assembling a lower clamping rod: thermal insulation barrel shell
41: inner layer 42 of heat-insulating barrel body: outer layer of thermal insulation barrel body
43: lower clamp mating surface 5: tool handheld rod
6: cover plate of thermal insulation barrel body
Detailed Description
For the purpose of illustrating the technical content, the constructional features, the achieved objects and the effects of the invention in detail, reference will be made to the following detailed description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The invention discloses a tool for testing the low-temperature mechanical property of a standard fastener, which comprises the following components:
1) installing the standard fastener to be measured in a tool with a corresponding size according to requirements; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) a standard fastener to be measured penetrates through the bottom of a sample matching flange table 2 with a corresponding size and sequentially passes through a through hole 23 in the lower end face of the flange table and a through hole 21 in the upper end face of the flange table, as shown in fig. 3, the penetrating part of the standard fastener is matched with a thread locking part 11 of a standard fastener of a sample locking upper clamp 1 with a corresponding size in a thread connection mode, as shown in fig. 2;
(2) after the step (1) is completed, a thin metal sheet with a through hole is covered on the outer surface of the through hole 23 of the lower end surface of the flange platform, and the thread locking part 22 of the metal sheet and the anti-falling metal sheet on the lower end surface of the flange platform is fixed with the lower end surface of the flange platform in a screw connection mode, so that the standard fastener is prevented from being pulled apart and falling into the tool barrel body after the test is completed.
In the two steps, if the standard fasteners have different sizes, the sample locking upper clamp 1 and the sample matching flange platform 2 need to be replaced at the same time, and the screw thread locking part 11 of the standard fasteners with different sizes has different sizes from the through hole 21 on the upper end surface of the flange platform.
2) Connecting and fixing the external structure of the tool in a welding mode; the method comprises the following steps:
the flange table fixing lower fixture 3 is connected with the heat-insulating barrel body shell 4 in a welding mode, as shown in figure 1, the heat-insulating barrel body shell 4 is of a double-layer structure with a heat-insulating barrel body inner layer 41 and a heat-insulating barrel body outer layer 42, as shown in figure 5, the heat-insulating performance of the tool is greatly improved, the sample matching flange table 2 is connected with the tool handheld rod 5 in a welding mode, as shown in figure 1, lofting and sampling are carried out only through the tool handheld rod 5 in the test process, and the safety performance of the whole operation process is greatly improved;
the steps are suitable for the sizes of standard fasteners of various types and sizes, namely when the standard fasteners of different types and sizes are subjected to low-temperature mechanical property test, the step 2) is the same.
3) The whole set of low-temperature test tool is arranged on a mechanical testing machine in a size matching mode; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) after the step 2) is finished, the flange platform fixing lower clamp 3 and the heat preservation barrel body shell 4 are clamped on a lower chuck of the mechanical testing machine through a tool lower clamping rod 32;
(2) after the step 1) is completed, the standard fastener installed in the tool is integrally arranged in the heat-insulating barrel and is installed through the matching of the flange table 2 and the flange table matched inner end face 31, and after the installation is completed, the whole tool is fixed on an upper chuck of the mechanical testing machine through the clamping end of the sample locking upper clamp 1.
4) Carry out adiabatic processing and add liquid nitrogen and prepare before experimental in the frock to a whole set of frock, include:
(1) after the step 3) is finished, a layer of heat insulation foam is wrapped on the outer surface of the outer shell 4 of the heat insulation barrel body, so that the whole set of tool has better heat insulation capability, and a thermocouple is arranged on the inner surface of the inner layer 41 of the heat insulation barrel body, so that the real-time temperature of the whole test process is accurately measured and controlled;
(2) after the step (1) is finished, pouring liquid nitrogen into the inner layer 41 of the heat-insulating barrel body, covering the upper end of the shell 4 of the heat-insulating barrel body with a cover plate 6 of the heat-insulating barrel body, wherein the using amount of the liquid nitrogen is determined according to the specific test temperature, but the liquid nitrogen is required to be ensured to be beyond the tested standard fastener;
(3) and (3) after the step (2) is completed, measuring the real-time temperature inside the tool, and when the real-time temperature reaches the temperature value required by the test, keeping the temperature for 5-10 minutes until the temperature is stable, and then carrying out the test.
5) Use mechanical testing machine to carry out mechanical test to standard fastener through low temperature test frock, include:
selecting proper test parameters and starting the test, stopping the test machine after the test is broken, taking down the cover plate 6 of the heat-insulating barrel body, loosening the upper chuck of the test machine, taking down the sample, locking the upper clamp 1, taking out the sample through the tool hand-held rod 5 to match with the flange platform 2, and recording the low-temperature mechanical property parameters of the standard fastener to be tested.
In order to test the mechanical property of the standard fastener in a low-temperature environment quickly and in large batch, 2 sets of sample locking upper fixture 1 and sample matching flange platform 2 with corresponding sizes can be processed, the detection speed and efficiency can be greatly improved through uninterrupted alternate use, and the locking upper fixture 1 and the sample matching flange platform 2 with corresponding sizes only need to be replaced for standard fasteners with different types and sizes.
When the tool for testing the low-temperature mechanical property of the standard fastener is used, the upper clamp and the flange platform with corresponding sizes are replaced according to the type and the size of the standard fastener to be tested, and the whole tool is required to have enough strength and rigidity. The tooling material consumption of the whole set of standard fastener low-temperature mechanical property test is very little, and even if a certain part of the tooling goes wrong, only the part needs to be replaced. The whole set of tool can be applied to various types of mechanical testing machines and has higher precision. When mechanical property test of the standard fastener is carried out in a low-temperature environment, the tool is modularized and designed by human text, so that the operation flow is greatly simplified, and the operation safety is improved. The whole set of tool is made of stainless steel materials without low-temperature brittleness, and before use, all parts of the whole set of tool are subjected to vacuum heat treatment, so that the whole set of tool has high strength and hardness.
The foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention has been provided by way of specific examples, and it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that the advantages and effects of the present invention may be obtained. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and its several details are capable of modification and various changes, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a frock of standard fastener low temperature mechanical properties test which characterized in that: the tool comprises a sample locking upper clamp (1), a sample matching flange table (2), a flange table fixing lower clamp (3), a heat-insulating barrel shell (4), a tool handheld rod (5) and a heat-insulating barrel cover plate (6); the sample locking upper clamp (1) is used for fastening a test piece; the sample matching flange table (2) is connected with the tool handheld rod (5) in a welding mode, and the tool handheld rod (5) is used for taking and placing a test piece; the upper end cover of the heat-preserving barrel body shell (4) is provided with the heat-preserving barrel body cover plate (6); the sample matching flange platform (2) is provided with a flange platform lower end surface through hole (23) and a flange platform upper end surface through hole (21) and is used for passing through a test piece, and the test piece penetrates through the flange platform lower end surface through hole (23) and penetrates out of the flange platform upper end surface through hole (21); the penetrating part of the test piece is matched with a thread locking part (11) of a standard fastener of the sample locking upper clamp (1) in a thread connection mode; the flange table fixing lower clamp (3) is welded with the heat-insulating barrel body shell (4); the flange table fixing lower clamp (3) comprises a flange table matching inner end surface (31) and a tool lower clamping rod (32), the flange table fixing lower clamp (3) and the heat-insulating barrel body shell (4) are clamped on a lower chuck of a mechanical testing machine through the tool lower clamping rod (32), and the sample matching flange table (2) and the flange table matching inner end surface (31) can be installed in a matching mode; after the installation is finished, the whole set of tool is fixed on an upper chuck of a mechanical testing machine through a clamping end of the sample locking upper clamp (1).
2. The tool for testing the low-temperature mechanical property of the standard fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a thin metal sheet with a through hole is covered on the outer surface of the through hole (23) on the lower end surface of the flange platform, and the thin metal sheet and the thread locking part (22) of the anti-falling metal sheet on the lower end surface of the flange platform are fixed on the lower end surface of the flange platform through screws.
3. The tool for testing the low-temperature mechanical property of the standard fastener according to claim 1, wherein the tool comprises: the heat-insulating barrel body shell (4) is provided with a double-layer structure of a heat-insulating barrel body inner layer (41) and a heat-insulating barrel body outer layer (42).
4. The tool for testing the low-temperature mechanical property of the standard fastener according to claim 3, wherein the tool comprises: and a thermocouple is arranged on the inner surface of the inner layer (41) of the heat-insulating barrel body.
5. The tool for testing the low-temperature mechanical property of the standard fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: the locking upper clamp (1) and the sample matching flange table (2) are matched with the test piece in size.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910456347.XA CN110146373B (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2019-05-29 | Standard fastener low temperature mechanical properties test fixture |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910456347.XA CN110146373B (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2019-05-29 | Standard fastener low temperature mechanical properties test fixture |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110146373A CN110146373A (en) | 2019-08-20 |
| CN110146373B true CN110146373B (en) | 2022-09-16 |
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| CN201910456347.XA Active CN110146373B (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2019-05-29 | Standard fastener low temperature mechanical properties test fixture |
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| CN113091850B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2023-07-21 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | Capacitance liquid level meter based on liquid container |
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| CN101109679A (en) * | 2007-08-15 | 2008-01-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | Low temperature elasticity performance test device for compression spring |
| CN202182848U (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2012-04-04 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Multifunctional packaged clamp for tests of threaded fasteners |
| CN203720018U (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-07-16 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Clamp for testing room temperature compression stress and strain curve of porous material |
| CN105222944A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-01-06 | 河南航天精工制造有限公司 | The test method of locking torque test and high-temperature test device |
| CN105784304A (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2016-07-20 | 大连理工大学 | Multifunctional fastener testing machine |
| CN107796708A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-03-13 | 东北大学 | A kind of 196 DEG C of tensile test of metallic materials devices |
| CN109277453A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-29 | 浙江跃进机械有限公司 | It is a kind of for producing the punching tool and its surface treatment method of automobile connecting bar |
| KR20190021888A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-03-06 | 강릉원주대학교산학협력단 | Loading device of freeze testing apparatus for ground |
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2019
- 2019-05-29 CN CN201910456347.XA patent/CN110146373B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101109679A (en) * | 2007-08-15 | 2008-01-23 | 北京航空航天大学 | Low temperature elasticity performance test device for compression spring |
| CN202182848U (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2012-04-04 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Multifunctional packaged clamp for tests of threaded fasteners |
| CN203720018U (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-07-16 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Clamp for testing room temperature compression stress and strain curve of porous material |
| CN105222944A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2016-01-06 | 河南航天精工制造有限公司 | The test method of locking torque test and high-temperature test device |
| CN105784304A (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2016-07-20 | 大连理工大学 | Multifunctional fastener testing machine |
| KR20190021888A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-03-06 | 강릉원주대학교산학협력단 | Loading device of freeze testing apparatus for ground |
| CN107796708A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-03-13 | 东北大学 | A kind of 196 DEG C of tensile test of metallic materials devices |
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