CN107796708A - A kind of 196 DEG C of tensile test of metallic materials devices - Google Patents
A kind of 196 DEG C of tensile test of metallic materials devices Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107796708A CN107796708A CN201711227766.3A CN201711227766A CN107796708A CN 107796708 A CN107796708 A CN 107796708A CN 201711227766 A CN201711227766 A CN 201711227766A CN 107796708 A CN107796708 A CN 107796708A
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- hole
- stretching clamp
- casing
- tensile test
- low temperature
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0228—Low temperature; Cooling means
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of 196 DEG C of tensile test of metallic materials devices, including environmental chamber at low temperature, upper stretching clamp and lower stretching clamp, the upper stretching clamp penetrates the bottom that tensile test specimen is connected in the environmental chamber at low temperature and by bearing pin, the upper stretching clamp penetrates the top that tensile test specimen is connected in the environmental chamber at low temperature and by bearing pin, and liquid nitrogen is marked with the environmental chamber at low temperature.The present invention can be with fast cooling, and temperature stabilization in environmental chamber at low temperature, uniformly；Low manufacture cost, preparation method are simple；Strong applicability, change corresponding size according to actual conditions directly can be used cooperatively with various cupping machines, it is not necessary to carry out other transformations；It is simple in construction, it is in light weight, it is easily installed dismounting and movement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cryogenic mechanics performance detection means of metal material, more particularly to a kind of -196 DEG C of metal materials
Expect tensile test device.
Background technology
At present, the expansion with mankind's activity scope with advances in technology, the mechanics properties testing of material at low temperature and
Safety of structure is increasingly taken seriously.The cryogenic mechanics performance of material such as yield strength, tensile strength and elongation percentage etc. need
Determined by cryogenic tensile experiment, according to GB/T 13239-2006 metal material cryogenic tensile test methods, cryogenic tensile dress
Putting needs to ensure good heat-insulating property, and the absolute value of sample marking distance both ends temperature difference should be no more than 3 DEG C.It is severe due to condition
Carve limitation and make it that cryogenic tensile equipment cost is universal higher, and most of cryogenic tensile equipment uses the side of gas refrigeration at present
Formula, it is slow cooling to be present, the problems such as non-uniform temperature.
The content of the invention
According to technical problem set forth above, and one kind is provided and easily entered available for metal material under -196 DEG C of environment
The device of row tension test.
The technological means that the present invention uses is as follows：
A kind of -196 DEG C of tensile test of metallic materials devices, including environmental chamber at low temperature, upper stretching clamp and lower stretching clamp,
The top of the lower stretching clamp is provided with clamping part I, and the lower stretching clamp is provided with fixed part, institute in the lower end of clamping part I
The outer wall for stating fixed part is provided with external screw thread, and the bottom of the upper stretching clamp is provided with clamping part II, and the environmental chamber at low temperature includes
The casing of uncovered and the heat-insulation layer being socketed in outside the casing, the casing top opening be provided be engaged with the casing and
Dismountable insulation cover, the heat-insulation layer are fixedly connected with the casing, and the bottom half, which is provided with, can enter lower clamping part
Enter the through hole I of the casing and the through hole I passes through the heat-insulation layer, the through hole I matches with the fixed part, described logical
Hole I is provided with sealing ring in the end of the bottom half, and the sealing ring is fixedly connected with the bottom of the casing, described close
Seal center is provided with the through hole II corresponding with the through hole I, and the lower stretching clamp has one end of clamping part I described in
Through hole I and the through hole II enter the box house, and the other end of the lower stretching clamp is fixedly connected with cupping machine,
The free end of clamping part I is provided with the clamping seam I of grab tensile test specimen, and the clamping seam I is provided with the pin of fixed tensile test specimen
Axle I, the inner surface of through hole II are provided with the internal thread that is engaged with the external screw thread of the fixed part, the fixed part with it is described close
Seal is fixedly connected by the external screw thread with the internal thread, and the insulation cover, which is provided with, can enter the upper stretching clamp
Through hole III, the position of the through hole III is corresponding with the through hole II, and the through hole III matches with the upper stretching clamp,
There is the upper stretching clamp one end of clamping part II to enter box house through the through hole III, the upper stretching clamp it is another
End is fixedly connected with cupping machine, and the free end of the clamping part II offers the clamping seam II of grab tensile test specimen, described
The pin shaft II of fixed tensile test specimen is provided with clamping seam II.The upper stretching clamp, lower stretching clamp are connected by the way of bearing pin
Connect tensile sample, you can also be used for bar-shaped tensile sample for plate type tensile specimen, use range is wider.Noted in the casing
There is liquid nitrogen, the liquid nitrogen submerges the clamping part II.Whole sample, the clamping part II of the upper stretching clamp in use
And the clamping part I of lower stretching clamp is totally submerged in liquid nitrogen medium, have cooling rate it is fast, temperature stabilization, it is uniform the characteristics of.
The heat-insulation layer bottom is provided with support, and the support is fixedly connected with the heat-insulation layer.
The casing is made up of 2mm thickness stainless steel plates, and the heat-insulation layer is the thick polyurethane of 100mm with the insulation cover
Warming plate is made, and the casing is fixedly connected with the heat-insulation layer by low temperature resistant binder.Due to heat-insulation layer used and insulation
Lid is the thick polyurethane thermal insulation boards of 100mm, has enough intensity, therefore does not add shell for environmental cabinet, has saved manufacture
Cost.
The insulation cover bottom is provided with the projection to match with the inwall of the casing, described to protrude out into the casing
Portion and the tight fit of the described raised and inwall of the casing, the raised distance to the bottom of the casing are more than or equal to
The liquid level of the liquid nitrogen, the insulation cover is made up of two pieces of warming plates and the contact surface of two pieces of warming plates is longitudinally through described
Through hole III.Only need the insulation cover being lifted up certain altitude then by one piece of insulation cover when opening the environmental chamber at low temperature
Warming plate moves to side, the installation of stretching clamp in convenience.
The bottom half is provided with through hole IV, and the through hole IV passes through the heat-insulation layer, and the environmental chamber at low temperature is provided with
The recovery tube to match with the through hole IV, the upper end of the recovery tube enter in the through hole IV and with the through hole IV
Wall is fixedly connected, and the sealing-plug being engaged with the recovery tube is provided with the lower end of the recovery tube, and under the recovery tube
End is outside the environmental chamber at low temperature.
When instrument in use, sealing the recovery tube with the sealing-plug, liquid nitrogen is internally injected, is taken after using end
Go out the sealing-plug and reclaim liquid nitrogen with recovery tube, use is more convenient and simple.
The lower stretching clamp and the upper stretching clamp are cylindrical, and the externally threaded crest external diameter of the fixed part is big
In the external diameter of the lower stretching clamp other positions.Such setting can make drop-down stretch fixture both can be from the low temperature environment
Outwards being installed inside case can make drop-down stretch fixture and be penetrated outside the environmental chamber at low temperature in the environmental chamber at low temperature again is pacified
Dress, the external screw thread of the fixed part will not touch the heat-insulation layer, and other positions of the lower stretching clamp can be smoothly
By the sealing ring, can smoothly it pass in and out, convenient installation.
The sealing ring is coordinated with the fixed part using screw thread can fix the lower stretching clamp and can with good
Sealing effectiveness, can also further improve sealing using raw material band filler between the sealing ring and the fixed part
Energy.
The present invention has advantages below：
1st, cooling rate is fast, temperature stabilization, uniformly；
2nd, low manufacture cost, preparation method are simple；
3rd, the strong applicability of the technology, change corresponding size according to actual conditions and directly can match somebody with somebody with various cupping machines
Close and use, it is not necessary to carry out other transformations；
4th, it is simple in construction, it is in light weight, it is easily installed dismounting and movement；
The present invention can be widely popularized in fields such as tensile test of metallic materials devices for the foregoing reasons.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the required accompanying drawing used in technology description to do simply to introduce, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are this hairs
Some bright embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, can be with
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of -196 DEG C of tensile test of metallic materials devices in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the internal structure schematic diagram of environmental chamber at low temperature in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of environmental chamber at low temperature in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of upper stretching clamp in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of lower stretching clamp in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
Part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
As Figure 1-Figure 5, a kind of-196 DEG C of tensile test of metallic materials devices, including environmental chamber at low temperature 1, upper stretching folder
Tool 2 and lower stretching clamp 3, the top of the lower stretching clamp are provided with clamping part I 31, and the lower stretching clamp 3 is in the clamping
The lower end of portion I 31 is provided with fixed part 32, and the outer wall of the fixed part is provided with external screw thread 321, and the bottom of the upper stretching clamp 2 is provided with
Clamping part II 21, the heat-insulation layer 12 that the environmental chamber at low temperature 1 includes the casing 11 of uncovered and is socketed in outside the casing, the case
The top open part of body 11 is provided with to be engaged and dismountable insulation cover 13, the heat-insulation layer 12 and the casing with the casing 11
11 are fixedly connected, and the bottom of casing 11 is provided with the through hole I 111 that the lower clamping part 3 can be made to enter the casing 11, and institute
State through hole I 111 and pass through the heat-insulation layer 12, the through hole I 111 matches with the fixed part 32, and the through hole I 111 is in institute
The end for stating bottom half is provided with sealing ring 112, and the sealing ring 112 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the casing 11, described
The center of sealing ring 112 is provided with the through hole II 113 corresponding with the through hole I 111, and the lower stretching clamp 3 has clamping part I 31
One end enter through the through hole I 111 and the through hole II 113 inside the environmental chamber at low temperature 1, the lower stretching clamp 3
The other end be fixedly connected with cupping machine, the free end of the clamping part I 31 is provided with the clamping seam I of grab tensile test specimen
311, the clamping seam I 311 is provided with the bearing pins I 312 of fixed tensile test specimen, the inner surface of through hole II 113 be provided with it is described
The internal thread 114 that the external screw thread 321 of fixed part 32 is engaged, the fixed part 32 pass through the outer spiral shell with the sealing ring 112
Line 321 is fixedly connected with the internal thread 114, and the insulation cover 13 is provided with the through hole that can enter the upper stretching clamp 2
III 131, the position of the through hole III 131 is corresponding with the through hole II 113, the size and shape of the through hole III 131 and institute
State stretching clamp 2 to match, there is the upper stretching clamp 2 one end of clamping part II 21 to enter institute through the through hole III 131
State inside casing 11, the other end of the upper stretching clamp 2 is fixedly connected with cupping machine, the freedom of the clamping part II 21
End offers the clamping seam II 211 of grab tensile test specimen, and the pin shaft II of fixed tensile test specimen is provided with the clamping seam II 211
212, the upper stretching clamp 2, lower stretching clamp 3 connect tensile sample by the way of bearing pin, you can stretch and try for tabular
Sample can also be used for bar-shaped tensile sample, and use range is wider, and liquid nitrogen is marked with the casing 11, and the liquid nitrogen submerges the clamping
Portion II 21.The clamping part I of whole sample, the clamping part II 21 of the upper stretching clamp 2 and lower stretching clamp 3 in use
31 are totally submerged in liquid nitrogen medium, have cooling rate it is fast, temperature stabilization, it is uniform the characteristics of.
The bottom of heat-insulation layer 12 is provided with support 14, and the support 14 is fixedly connected with the heat-insulation layer 12.
The casing 11 is made up of 2mm thickness stainless steel plates, and the heat-insulation layer 12 is 100mm thick with the insulation cover 13
Polyurethane thermal insulation board is made, and the casing 11 is fixedly connected with the heat-insulation layer 12 by low temperature resistant binder.Due to guarantor used
Warm layer 12 and insulation cover 13 are the thick polyurethane thermal insulation boards of 100mm, have enough intensity, therefore not outer for environmental cabinet addition
Shell, manufacturing cost is saved.
The bottom of insulation cover 13 is provided with the projection 132 to match with the inwall of the casing 11, and described raised 132 enter
The inside of the casing 11 and described raised 132 it is fitted close with the inwall of the casing 11, described raised 132 arrive the casing 11
Bottom distance be more than or equal to the liquid nitrogen liquid level, the insulation cover 13 be made up of two pieces of warming plates and two pieces guarantor
The contact surface of warm plate is longitudinally through the through hole III 131.Only needed when opening the environmental chamber at low temperature 1 insulation cover 13 is upward
Lift certain altitude then to move one piece of warming plate of insulation cover 13 to side, the installation of stretching clamp 2 in convenience.
The bottom of casing 11 is provided with through hole IV 15, and the through hole IV 15 passes through the heat-insulation layer 12, the low temperature ring
Border case 1 is provided with the recovery tube 16 to match with the through hole IV 15, and the upper end of the recovery tube 16 enters in the through hole IV 15
And be fixedly connected with the inwall of the through hole IV 15, it is provided with what is be engaged with the recovery tube 16 in the lower end of the recovery tube 16
Sealing-plug 161, and the lower end of the recovery tube 16 is located at outside the environmental chamber at low temperature 1.
When instrument in use, sealing the recovery tube 16 with the sealing-plug 161, liquid nitrogen is internally injected, is tied when using
The sealing-plug 161 is opened after beam and reclaims liquid nitrogen with the recovery tube 16, use is more convenient and simple.
The lower stretching clamp 3 and the upper stretching clamp 2 are cylindrical, the fixed part 32 of the lower stretching clamp 3
The crest external diameter of external screw thread 321 is more than the external diameter of the lower other positions of stretching clamp 3.Such setting can make drop-down stretch folder
Tool 3 not only can outwards be installed from the inside of environmental chamber at low temperature 1 but also drop-down can be made to stretch fixture 3 outside the environmental chamber at low temperature 1
Penetrating in the environmental chamber at low temperature 1 and installed, the external screw thread 321 of the fixed part 32 will not touch the heat-insulation layer 12, and
Other positions of the lower stretching clamp 3 can smoothly pass in and out smoothly by the sealing ring 112, convenient installation.
The sealing ring 112 is coordinated with the fixed part 32 using screw thread can fix the and can of lower stretching clamp 3 tool
There is good sealing effectiveness, can also further be carried using raw material band filler between the sealing ring 112 and the fixed part 3
High sealing performance.
In use, opening the insulation cover 13, the clamping part I 31 is entered into the casing 11 through the through hole I 111
It is interior, and the bottom of tensile test specimen is penetrated the clamping seam I by the fixed part 32 and the sealing ring 112 by thread seal
It is fixedly connected in 311 and by bearing pin I 312, the other end of the lower stretching clamp 3 is connected with cupping machine, and stretching is tried
The top of part penetrates in the clamping seam II 211 and is fixedly connected by pin shaft II 212, the injection liquid nitrogen in the casing 1, when
The liquid level of the liquid nitrogen stops injection when being higher than the clamping part II 211 and the test specimen, adjusts the upper stretching clamp 2
Position, the through hole III 131 being run through on the insulation cover 13, the adjustment horizontal depth of beam of cupping machine to correct position,
The one end of stretching clamp 2 away from the clamping part II 21 is connected with cupping machine, finally cover the insulation cover 13, treat
It can start tension test after liquid nitrogen no longer explosive vaporization and held for some time.The sealing-plug can be removed after the completion of experiment
161, and reclaim the liquid nitrogen with recovery tube 16.
Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those within the art that：Its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, either which part or all technical characteristic are entered
Row equivalent substitution；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technology
The scope of scheme.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. -196 DEG C of tensile test of metallic materials devices, it is characterised in that including environmental chamber at low temperature, upper stretching clamp and under Stretching clamp, the top of the lower stretching clamp are provided with clamping part I, and the lower stretching clamp is provided with the lower end of clamping part I Fixed part, the outer wall of the fixed part are provided with external screw thread, and the bottom of the upper stretching clamp is provided with clamping part II, the low temperature ring The heat-insulation layer that border case includes the casing of uncovered and is socketed in outside the casing, the casing top opening are provided with and the casing It is engaged and dismountable insulation cover, the heat-insulation layer is fixedly connected with the casing, the bottom half, which is provided with, can makes institute The through hole I and the through hole I for stating lower clamping part into the casing pass through the heat-insulation layer, the through hole I and the fixed part Match, the through hole I is provided with sealing ring in the end of the bottom half, and the bottom of the sealing ring and the casing is consolidated Fixed connection, the sealing circle center are provided with the through hole II corresponding with the through hole I, and the lower stretching clamp has clamping part I One end enter the box house, the other end of the lower stretching clamp and stretching through the through hole I and the through hole II Testing machine is fixedly connected, and the free end of the clamping part I is provided with the clamping seam I of grab tensile test specimen, and the clamping seam I is provided with The bearing pin I of fixed tensile test specimen, the inner surface of through hole II are provided with the internal thread being engaged with the external screw thread of the fixed part, institute State fixed part to be fixedly connected with the internal thread by the external screw thread with the sealing ring, the insulation cover, which is provided with, can make institute State stretching clamp entrance through hole III, the position of the through hole III is corresponding with the through hole II, the through hole III with it is described Upper stretching clamp matches, and there is the upper stretching clamp one end of clamping part II to enter box house, institute through the through hole III The other end for stating stretching clamp is fixedly connected with cupping machine, and the free end of the clamping part II offers grab tensile examination The pin shaft II that fixed tensile test specimen is provided with II is stitched in the clamping seam II of part, the clamping.
- 2. -196 DEG C of tensile test of metallic materials devices of one kind according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The heat-insulation layer Bottom is provided with support, and the support is fixedly connected with the heat-insulation layer.
- 3. -196 DEG C of tensile test of metallic materials devices of one kind according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The casing by 2mm thickness stainless steel plates are made, and the heat-insulation layer is that the thick polyurethane thermal insulation boards of 100mm are made with the insulation cover, the case Body is fixedly connected with the heat-insulation layer by low temperature resistant binder.
- 4. -196 DEG C of tensile test of metallic materials devices of one kind according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The insulation cover Bottom is provided with the projection to match with the inwall of the casing, it is described protrude out into the box house and it is described it is raised with it is described The inwall of casing is fitted close, and the insulation cover is made up of two pieces of warming plates and the contact surface of two pieces of warming plates is longitudinally through described Through hole III.
- 5. -196 DEG C of tensile test of metallic materials devices of one kind according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The casing bottom Portion is provided with through hole IV, and the through hole IV passes through the heat-insulation layer, and the environmental chamber at low temperature is provided with to match with the through hole IV Recovery tube, the upper end of the recovery tube enters in the through hole IV and is fixedly connected with the inwall of the through hole IV, described time The sealing-plug being engaged with the recovery tube is provided with the lower end of closed tube, and the lower end of the recovery tube is located at the low temperature environment Outside case.
- 6. -196 DEG C of tensile test of metallic materials devices of one kind according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The lower stretching Fixture and the upper stretching clamp are cylindrical, the externally threaded crest external diameter of the fixed part be more than the lower stretching clamp its The external diameter of his position.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711227766.3A CN107796708A (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2017-11-29 | A kind of 196 DEG C of tensile test of metallic materials devices |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711227766.3A CN107796708A (en) | 2017-11-29 | 2017-11-29 | A kind of 196 DEG C of tensile test of metallic materials devices |
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| CN107796708A true CN107796708A (en) | 2018-03-13 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109357951A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-02-19 | 济南大学 | The method and device of material property extension test under a kind of low temperature |
| CN109470578A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-15 | 内蒙古工业大学 | A kind of regulation low temperature environment testing apparatus and test method |
| CN110146373A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-20 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | A kind of standard fasteners cryogenic mechanics performance test fixture |
| CN112730039A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-04-30 | 西安理工大学 | Low-temperature tensile test device |
| CN115541409A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2022-12-30 | 东北大学 | Metal cylinder sample fatigue test device suitable for under ultra-low temperature environment |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109357951A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-02-19 | 济南大学 | The method and device of material property extension test under a kind of low temperature |
| CN109470578A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-15 | 内蒙古工业大学 | A kind of regulation low temperature environment testing apparatus and test method |
| CN109470578B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2024-02-27 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Test device and test method for regulating low-temperature environment |
| CN110146373A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-20 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | A kind of standard fasteners cryogenic mechanics performance test fixture |
| CN110146373B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2022-09-16 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | Standard fastener low temperature mechanical properties test fixture |
| CN112730039A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-04-30 | 西安理工大学 | Low-temperature tensile test device |
| CN115541409A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2022-12-30 | 东北大学 | Metal cylinder sample fatigue test device suitable for under ultra-low temperature environment |
| CN115541409B (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-03-07 | 东北大学 | Metal cylinder sample fatigue test device suitable for under ultra-low temperature environment |
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