CN101109679A - Low temperature elasticity performance test device for compression spring - Google Patents

Low temperature elasticity performance test device for compression spring Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101109679A
CN101109679A CNA2007101202922A CN200710120292A CN101109679A CN 101109679 A CN101109679 A CN 101109679A CN A2007101202922 A CNA2007101202922 A CN A2007101202922A CN 200710120292 A CN200710120292 A CN 200710120292A CN 101109679 A CN101109679 A CN 101109679A
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guide rod
compression spring
crossbeam
pillar
liquid nitrogen
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CN100541165C (en
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刘福顺
张新全
徐惠彬
李岩
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Beihang University
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Beihang University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a tester for the low-temperature elasticity of a compression spring, which comprises a low-voltage DC power supply, a testing instrument, a temperature-controlling instrument and liquid nitrogen. The low-voltage DC power supply outputs 36V, 3A; the testing instrument comprises a cold trap assembly (1), a support assembly (2), a displacement sensor (3), a force sensor (4), a guide rod assembly (5) and a sample clamp (6). The tester is applicable for testing the elastic performance of the compression spring of shape memorizing alloy in a -196-25 centigrade driving mechanism. By adjusting the helical displacement sensor (3), the force sensor (4) and a quartz glass guide rod (51) moves downward, so that the lower end of the quartz glass guide rod (51) contacts with the upper end of a sample guide rod (66); this guides the sample guide rod (66) to move downward while pressing tight the compression spring (7), in this way, the elastic performance of the compression spring is tested. The tester in the invention can provide a constant displacement of a compression spring of different materials. By adjusting the heating current, the temperature of the work room can rise continuously from low to high, or drop from high to low, so the relationship between the elasticity and the temperature of the compression spring can be obtained.

Description

The low temperature elasticity performance test device of compression spring
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device that the elastic performance of compression spring is tested, more particularly say, be meant a kind of device of under low temperature-196～25 ℃ environment, the elastic performance of compression spring being tested.
Background technology
Along with science and technology development, the application of low temperature drive unit is more and more wider, and small-sized shape memory alloy spring is the main element of low temperature drive unit, because shape memory alloy spring is by temperature-driven, be the essential condition of design and use driving device made of shape-memory alloy to the accurate mensuration of different temperatures lower spring coefficient.
At present, spring tester mainly is to test at the spring that general material is made, and shape memory alloy spring is worked under different temperatures, measures for the spring constant of the shape memory alloy spring in the low temperature drive unit, need test at a low temperature environment.
Summary of the invention
The low temperature elasticity performance test device that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of compression spring, this proving installation provides the test environment of low temperature by the liquid nitrogen storage chamber, can measure the displacement and the elastic force of compression spring by the combination of displacement governor and force transducer, be heated to be the environment that the operating room provides steady temperature to heating member by power supply.
The present invention is a kind of low temperature elasticity performance test device of compression spring, include low-voltage dc power supply, temperature controller, liquid nitrogen, testing tool, this testing tool is made up of cold-trap assembly, bracket component, displacement transducer, force transducer, guide rod assembly, specimen holder; Described low-voltage dc power supply output 36V, 3A.
The cold-trap assembly includes liquid nitrogen storage chamber, operating room, A heating member, web member, flange, flange is provided with liquid nitrogen inlet, vacuum valve, power interface, guide rod access port, the guide rod access port is threaded with web member, in the central through hole of web member metal sleeve is installed, the lower end of flange is connected with the liquid nitrogen storage chamber, the bottom of liquid nitrogen storage chamber is connected with the operating room, and the bottom of operating room is equipped with the A heating member;
The C crossbeam is installed on the base of bracket component, parallel A pillar, the B pillar of being equipped with in the two ends of C crossbeam, A crossbeam, B-crossrail are installed in parallel on A pillar, the B pillar, on the upper surface of B-crossrail displacement governor is installed, between the upper surface of the lower surface of B-crossrail and A crossbeam force transducer is installed, between the upper surface of the lower surface of A crossbeam and C crossbeam the cold-trap assembly is installed;
The guide rod assembly includes quartz glass guide rod, metal sleeve, heat insulation plug, and described heat insulation plug is taper, and its top is cylindrical section, and the bottom is a conical section; One end of quartz glass guide rod passes metal sleeve and contacts with the upper surface of sample guide rod, and the other end of quartz glass guide rod is connected with force transducer; The upper end of metal sleeve is connected with the A crossbeam, and heat insulation plug is passed in the lower end of metal sleeve, the B heating member is connected with the upper surface of D crossbeam;
The C pillar of specimen holder and D pillar are installed in parallel on the lower surface of D crossbeam, on the C pillar thermopair are installed, and thermopair is used for the measurement to the work indoor environment temperature; Through hole and quartz glass guide rod one end in contact on the D crossbeam passed in the upper end of sample guide rod, and the through hole on the E crossbeam is passed in the lower end of sample guide rod, and sample guide rod and C pillar, D pillar are parallel, are socketed with the tested sample spring on the sample guide rod; The E crossbeam is installed on C pillar, the D pillar by screw.
The advantage of the low temperature elasticity performance test device of compression spring of the present invention is: (1) provides a stationary temperature environment-196～25 ℃ by liquid nitrogen, heating member for the compression spring test; (2) turn screw displacement regulator, drive sensor and quartz glass guide rod move downward, compress compression spring when the sample guide rod is moved downward,, record the elastic force of compression spring by force transducer by the displacement that the screw displacement regulator records compression spring; (3) can provide the displacement of compression spring constant in a fixed value, by regulating heating current, the temperature of operating room is heated up to high temperature continuously from low temperature, perhaps lower the temperature continuously to low temperature from high temperature, the elastic force that can obtain compression spring concerns with the temperature continually varying.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the external structure of the low temperature elasticity performance test device of compression spring of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural drawing of cold-trap assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 2 A is the A-A view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 3 is the wiring layout of guide rod assembly of the present invention and specimen holder.
Fig. 4 is Ti 50Ni 47Fe 3The marmem compression spring is at the graph of a relation of different temperatures down spring and displacement.
Figure S is Ti 50Ni 47Fe 3The marmem compression spring is at the graph of a relation of constant displacement condition down spring and temperature.
Among the figure: 1. cold-trap assembly 11. liquid nitrogen storage chambers 12. 13.A of operating room heating members
102. vacuum valves, 103. power interfaces 14. web member 15. flanges 101. liquid nitrogen enter the mouth
104. guide rod access port 105. cold-trap shells 106. cold-trap inner casings 107. vacuum chambers
2. bracket component 201.A pillar 202.B pillar 203.A crossbeam 204.B crossbeam
205.C crossbeam 206. bases 3. displacement governors 4. force transducers
5. guide rod assembly 51. quartz glass conduits 52. metal sleeves 53. heat insulation plugs
501. cylindrical section 502. conical section 54.B heating members
6. specimen holder 61.D crossbeam 62.E crossbeam 63.C pillar 64.D pillar
65. thermopair 66. sample guide rods 7. springs
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The present invention is a kind of low temperature elasticity performance test device of compression spring, this proving installation (is used to show the working temperature in the operating room 12 by low-voltage dc power supply, testing tool, temperature controller, working temperature records by thermopair 65, sky, the Kunlun, Beijing occasion instrument Science and Technology Ltd. produces, XS/A-1 type temperature controller), liquid nitrogen is formed, described low-voltage dc power supply output 36V, 3A; Described testing tool is made up of cold-trap assembly 1, bracket component 2, displacement transducer 3, force transducer 4, guide rod assembly 5, specimen holder 6.
In the present invention, on the base 206 of bracket component 2 C crossbeam 205 is installed, parallel A pillar 201, the B pillar 202 of being equipped with in the two ends of C crossbeam 205, A crossbeam 203, B-crossrail 204 are installed in parallel on A pillar 201, the B pillar 202, displacement governor 3 is installed on the upper surface of B-crossrail 204, force transducer 4 is installed between the upper surface of the lower surface of B-crossrail 204 and A crossbeam 203, the mobile terminal of displacement governor 3 is connected by a threaded connector with the stiff end of force transducer 4, between the upper surface of the lower surface of A crossbeam 203 and C crossbeam 205 cold-trap assembly 1 is installed.
In the present invention, cold-trap assembly 1 includes liquid nitrogen storage chamber 11, operating room 12, A heating member 13, web member 14, flange 15, flange 15 is provided with liquid nitrogen inlet 101, and (liquid nitrogen inlet 101 is connected with liquid nitrogen, realization flows into liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen storage chamber 11), (vacuum valve 102 is connected with vacuum pump vacuum valve 102, realization vacuumizes vacuum chamber 107), power interface 103 (power interface 103 is connected with low-voltage dc power supply), guide rod access port 104, guide rod access port 104 is threaded with web member 14, metal sleeve 52 is installed in the central through hole of web member 14, the lower end of flange 15 is connected with liquid nitrogen storage chamber 11, the bottom of liquid nitrogen storage chamber 11 is connected with operating room 12, and the bottom of operating room 12 is equipped with A heating member 13.
In the present invention, guide rod assembly 5 includes quartz glass guide rod 51, metal sleeve 52, heat insulation plug 53, described heat insulation plug 53 is taper, its top is that (structural design of this cylindrical section 501 plays and isolates the heat of being transmitted by metal sleeve 52 in the liquid nitrogen storage chamber 11 cylindrical section 501, make the temperature in the liquid nitrogen storage chamber 11 influenced), the bottom is a conical section 502; One end of quartz glass guide rod 51 passes metal sleeve 52 and contacts with the upper surface of sample guide rod 66, and the other end of quartz glass guide rod 51 is connected with force transducer 4; The upper end of metal sleeve 52 is connected with A crossbeam 203, and heat insulation plug 53 is passed in the lower end of metal sleeve 52, B heating member 54 is connected with the upper surface of D crossbeam 61.
In the present invention, the C pillar 63 and the D pillar 64 of specimen holder 6 are installed in parallel on the lower surface of D crossbeam 61, thermopair 65 is installed on the C pillar 63, and (thermopair 65 also can be installed on the D pillar 64, the link of thermopair 65 is connected with temperature controller), thermopair 65 is used for the measurement to environment temperature in the operating room 12; Through hole and quartz glass guide rod 51 1 end in contact on the D crossbeam 61 are passed in the upper end of sample guide rod 66, the through hole on the E crossbeam 62 is passed in the lower end of sample guide rod 66, and sample guide rod 66 and C pillar 63, D pillar 64 are parallel, are socketed with tested sample spring 7 on the sample guide rod 66; E crossbeam 62 is installed on C pillar 63, the D pillar 64 by screw.
When compression spring 7 was carried out elasticity performance test, its testing procedure was as follows:
(A) lower end of compression spring 7 to be measured from sample guide rod 66 put, then E crossbeam 62 is sleeved on the C pillar 63, D pillar 64, sample guide rod 66 of specimen holder 6, and E crossbeam 62 is fixed on C pillar 63, the D pillar 64 by screw;
(B) web member 14 and guide rod access port 104 are assembled;
(C) use vacuum pump (vacuum pump is connected with vacuum valve 102) to vacuum chamber 107 suctions to 1 * 10 -1～5 * 10 -1Pa;
(D) from liquid nitrogen inlet 101 liquid nitrogen is added to the liquid nitrogen storage chamber 11, liquid nitrogen will be from the conical section 502 of liquid nitrogen storage chamber 11 to operating room's 12 infiltrations;
(E) then power-on (power interface 103 is connected with low-voltage dc power supply, low-voltage dc power supply output 36V, 3A) give A heating member 13, B heating member 54 loading currents, control the size of heating current well, make a certain temperature of temperature constant in 196～25 ℃ of scopes;
(F) adjustable screw displacement governor 3 (the 5-30mm internal measuring micrometer of selecting for use Jiangxi Tool Co., Ltd. to produce), (thereby Academy Of Aerospace Aerodynamics produces drive sensor 4, BK-3 type sensor) and quartz glass guide rod 51 move down, quartz glass guide rod 51 lower surfaces are contacted with sample guide rod 66 upper surfaces; And drive and to compress compression spring 7 when sample guide rod 66 moves downward; By the displacement that screw displacement regulator 3 records compression spring 7, record the elastic force of compression spring 7 by force transducer 4.
The low temperature elasticity performance test device of compression spring of the present invention, also can make the displacement of compression spring 7 constant in a certain fixed value, by regulating heating current, the temperature of operating room 12 is heated up to high temperature continuously from low temperature, perhaps lower the temperature continuously to low temperature from high temperature, the elastic force that can obtain compression spring concerns with the temperature continually varying.
Embodiment 1:
Compression spring is chosen Ti 50Ni 47Fe 3Marmem, wherein Ti 50Ni 47Fe 3The external diameter 3.0mm of marmem compression spring, Ti 50Ni 47Fe 3The silk footpath 0.55mm of marmem compression spring, number of active coils is 9 circles.The volume of liquid nitrogen storage chamber 11 is 3 liters.
Adopt low temperature elasticity performance test device of the present invention, its testing procedure is as follows:
(A) with Ti 50Ni 47Fe 3The marmem compression spring puts from the lower end of sample guide rod 66, then E crossbeam 62 is sleeved on the C pillar 63, D pillar 64, sample guide rod 66 of specimen holder 6, and by screw E crossbeam 62 is fixed on C pillar 63, the D pillar 64;
(B) web member 14 and guide rod access port 104 are assembled;
(C) use vacuum pump (Huangyan, Zhejiang refinement vacuum pump factory makes, 2XZ-1 type sliding vane rotary vacuum pump) to vacuum chamber 107 suctions to 5 * 10 -1Pa;
(D) from liquid nitrogen inlet 101 liquid nitrogen is added to the liquid nitrogen storage chamber 11,2 liters of the consumptions of liquid nitrogen, liquid nitrogen will be from the conical section 502 of liquid nitrogen storage chamber 11 to operating room's 12 infiltrations;
(E) power-on is then given A heating member 13, B heating member 54 loading currents, regulates electric current 36V, 3A, and 10 ℃/min of heating rate makes the working temperature of operating room 12 constant in-173 ℃ ,-123 ℃ ,-73 ℃ ,-16 ℃, 0 ℃, 25 ℃; Record the working temperature of operating room 12 by temperature controller (sky, the Kunlun, Beijing occasion instrument Science and Technology Ltd. produces, XS/A-1 type temperature controller), record the elastic force under different temperatures of compression spring 7 by force transducer 4;
(F) the adjustable screw displacement governor 3, thereby drive sensor 4 (Academy Of Aerospace Aerodynamics produces, BK-3 type sensor) and quartz glass guide rod 51 move down, and quartz glass guide rod 51 lower surfaces are contacted with sample guide rod 66 upper surfaces; And drive and to compress compression spring 7 when sample guide rod 66 moves downward; So, record the elastic force (referring to shown in Figure 4) of compression spring 7 by force transducer 4 by the displacement that screw displacement regulator 3 records compression spring 7.
Table one: Ti under the different temperatures 50Ni 47Fe 3The elastic force of marmem compression spring and displacement
Displacement (mm) Elastic force (kgf)
-173℃ -123℃ -73℃ -16℃ 0℃ 25℃
0.5 0.002 0.026 0.065 0.129 0.263 0.251
0.65 0.037 0.093 0.153 0.236 0.384 0.375
0.9 0.038 0.103 0.190 0.310 0.480 0.510
1.05 0.109 0.182 0.266 0.377 0.548 0.588
1.2 0.228 0.274 0.337 0.433 0.588 0.641
1.4 0.291 0.341 0.439 0.580 0.722 0.804
1.7 0.345 0.419 0.524 0.693 0.841 0.934
Conclusion: by present embodiment as can be seen, the elastic force when measuring different displacement under the steady temperature, the line shape of going forward side by side returns, and can obtain the variation relation curve of the elastic force of steady temperature lower compression spring 7 with displacement.
Embodiment 2:
Compression spring is chosen Ti 50Ni 47Fe 3Marmem, wherein Ti 50Ni 47Fe 3The external diameter 3.0mm of marmem compression spring, Ti 50Ni 47Fe 3The silk footpath 0.55mm of marmem compression spring, number of active coils is 9 circles.The volume of liquid nitrogen storage chamber 11 is 3 liters.
Adopt low temperature elasticity performance test device of the present invention, its testing procedure is as follows:
(A), (B), (C) are identical with the step of embodiment 1 with (D) step;
(E) the adjustable screw displacement governor 3, thereby drive sensor 4 and quartz glass guide rod 51 move down, and quartz glass guide rod 51 lower surfaces are contacted with sample guide rod 66 upper surfaces; And drive and to compress compression spring 7 when sample guide rod 66 moves downward; Displacement by adjustable screw displacement governor 3 compression springs 7 is respectively 0.45mm, 0.65mm, 1mm;
(F) power-on then, give A heating member 13, B heating member 54 loading currents, constantly regulate electric current 36V, 3A, make the working temperature of operating room 12 lower the temperature continuously from 25 ℃ to-196 ℃, record the working temperature of operating room 12 by temperature controller (sky, the Kunlun, Beijing occasion instrument Science and Technology Ltd. produces, XS/A-1 type temperature controller), record the elastic force under different temperatures (referring to shown in Figure 5) of compression spring 7 by force transducer 4.Elastic force was with the variation of temperature curve when displacement of marmem compression spring was respectively 0.45mm, 0.65m and 1mm among the figure; Simultaneously can obtain shape memory alloy spring and the R phase transformation only take place, no martensite phase transformation in temperature-fall period; The R starting temperature of transformation is-8 ℃, R phase transformation end temp-19 ℃.
Embodiment 3:
Compression spring is chosen the 1Cr18Ni9 stainless steel, the external diameter 3.0mm of 1Cr18Ni9 stainless steel compression spring wherein, and the silk footpath 0.55mm of 1Cr18Ni9 stainless steel compression spring, number of active coils is 9 circles.The volume of liquid nitrogen storage chamber 11 is 3 liters.
Adopt low temperature elasticity performance test device of the present invention, its testing procedure is as follows:
(A) lower end of 1Cr18Ni9 stainless steel compression spring from sample guide rod 66 put, then E crossbeam 62 is sleeved on the C pillar 63, D pillar 64, sample guide rod 66 of specimen holder 6, and E crossbeam 62 is fixed on C pillar 63, the D pillar 64 by screw;
(B) web member 14 and guide rod access port 104 are assembled;
(C) use vacuum pump (Huangyan, Zhejiang refinement vacuum pump factory makes, 2XZ-1 type sliding vane rotary vacuum pump) to vacuum chamber 107 suctions to 3 * 10 -1Pa;
(D) from liquid nitrogen inlet 101 liquid nitrogen is added to the liquid nitrogen storage chamber 11,2 liters of the consumptions of liquid nitrogen, liquid nitrogen will be from the conical section 502 of liquid nitrogen storage chamber 11 to operating room's 12 infiltrations;
(E) power-on is then given A heating member 13, B heating member 54 loading currents, regulates electric current 36V, and 3A makes the working temperature of operating room 12 constant in-173 ℃, 25 ℃;
(F) the adjustable screw displacement governor 3, thereby drive sensor 4 and quartz glass guide rod 51 move down, and quartz glass guide rod 51 lower surfaces are contacted with sample guide rod 66 upper surfaces; And drive and to compress compression spring 7 when sample guide rod 66 moves downward; So, record the elastic force of compression spring 7 by force transducer 4 by the displacement that screw displacement regulator 3 records compression spring 7.
Table two: the elastic force and the displacement of 1Cr18Ni9 stainless steel compression spring under the different temperatures
Displacement (mm) 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8
Elastic force in the time of 25 ℃ 0.084 0.175 0.265 0.358 0.456 0.548 0.643 0.743 0.839
Elastic force in the time of-173 ℃ 0.085 0.186 0.285 0.392 0.495 0.603 0.705 0.809 0.914

Claims (5)

1. the low temperature elasticity performance test device of a compression spring, include low-voltage dc power supply, temperature controller, liquid nitrogen, it is characterized in that: also include testing tool, this testing tool is made up of cold-trap assembly (1), bracket component (2), displacement transducer (3), force transducer (4), guide rod assembly (5), specimen holder (6); Described low-voltage dc power supply output 36V, 3A;
Cold-trap assembly (1) includes liquid nitrogen storage chamber (11), operating room (12), A heating member (13), web member (14), flange (15), flange (15) is provided with liquid nitrogen inlet (101), vacuum valve (102), power interface (103), guide rod access port (104), guide rod access port (104) is threaded with web member (14), metal sleeve (52) is installed in the central through hole of web member (14), the lower end of flange (15) is connected with liquid nitrogen storage chamber (11), the bottom of liquid nitrogen storage chamber (11) is connected with operating room (12), and the bottom of operating room (12) is equipped with A heating member (13);
On the base (206) of bracket component (2) C crossbeam (205) is installed, parallel A pillar (201), the B pillar (202) of being equipped with in the two ends of C crossbeam (205), A crossbeam (203), B-crossrail (204) are installed in parallel on A pillar (201), the B pillar (202), displacement governor (3) is installed on the upper surface of B-crossrail (204), force transducer (4) is installed between the upper surface of the lower surface of B-crossrail (204) and A crossbeam (203), between the upper surface of the lower surface of A crossbeam (203) and C crossbeam (205) cold-trap assembly (1) is installed;
Guide rod assembly (5) includes quartz glass guide rod (51), metal sleeve (52), heat insulation plug (53), and described heat insulation plug (53) is taper, and its top is cylindrical section (501), and the bottom is conical section (502); One end of quartz glass guide rod (51) passes metal sleeve (52) and contacts with the upper surface of sample guide rod (66), and the other end of quartz glass guide rod (51) is connected with force transducer (4); The upper end of metal sleeve (52) is connected with A crossbeam (203), and heat insulation plug (53) is passed in the lower end of metal sleeve (52), B heating member (54) is connected with the upper surface of D crossbeam (61);
The C pillar (63) of specimen holder (6) is installed in parallel on the lower surface of D crossbeam (61) with D pillar (64), and thermopair (65) is installed on the C pillar (63), and thermopair (65) is used for the measurement to the interior environment temperature in operating room (12); Through hole and quartz glass guide rod (51) one end in contact on the D crossbeam (61) are passed in the upper end of sample guide rod (66), the through hole on the E crossbeam (62) is passed in the lower end of sample guide rod (66), and sample guide rod (66) and C pillar (63), D pillar (64) are parallel, are socketed with tested sample spring (7) on the sample guide rod (66); E crossbeam (62) is installed on C pillar (63), the D pillar (64) by screw.
2. the low temperature elasticity performance test device of compression spring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: vacuum chamber (107) suction to 1 * 10 -1～5 * 10 -1Pa.
3. the low temperature elasticity performance test device of compression spring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the operating temperature range of operating room (12) is-196～25 ℃.
4. the low temperature elasticity performance test device of compression spring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: screw displacement regulator (3) employing 5～30mm internal measuring micrometer.
5. the low temperature elasticity performance test device of compression spring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: force transducer (4) employing BK-3 type sensor.
CNB2007101202922A 2007-08-15 2007-08-15 The low temperature elasticity performance test device of compression spring Expired - Fee Related CN100541165C (en)

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CN102645377A (en) * 2012-04-19 2012-08-22 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Fatigue performance testing device for 4.2-300K temperature zone
CN103115743A (en) * 2013-02-04 2013-05-22 西安交通大学 Device capable of testing elastic properties of springs in wide low-temperature zones
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CN110146373A (en) * 2019-05-29 2019-08-20 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 A kind of standard fasteners cryogenic mechanics performance test fixture
CN110146373B (en) * 2019-05-29 2022-09-16 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 Standard fastener low temperature mechanical properties test fixture
CN110319991A (en) * 2019-07-04 2019-10-11 合肥中科离子医学技术装备有限公司 Spring test device based on GM refrigeration machine
CN110849564A (en) * 2019-12-17 2020-02-28 吉林大学 Temperature control driving characteristic testing device for shape memory alloy spring
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CN112326223A (en) * 2020-10-29 2021-02-05 清华大学 Contact characteristic analysis system for high-pressure gas sealing
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