CN103776702B - A kind of corrosion and hot environment under low cycle fatigue test device and method - Google Patents
A kind of corrosion and hot environment under low cycle fatigue test device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103776702B CN103776702B CN201410020154.7A CN201410020154A CN103776702B CN 103776702 B CN103776702 B CN 103776702B CN 201410020154 A CN201410020154 A CN 201410020154A CN 103776702 B CN103776702 B CN 103776702B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses the low cycle fatigue test device and method under a kind of corrosion and hot environment, comprising: strain gauge means, heating system and circulating cooling system; Strain gauge means comprises upper junction plate, upper strain induction post, lower connecting plate, lower strain induction post and extensometer; The upper end of sample through upper junction plate and upper cooler pan, and is fixedly connected with upper junction plate with upper cooler pan; The lower end of sample through corrosion pot, heating furnace, lower connecting plate and lower cooler pan, and is fixedly connected with lower cooler pan with lower connecting plate; One end of upper strain induction post is fixed on upper junction plate, and lower strain induction post one end is fixed on lower connecting plate, and the other end of upper strain induction post and the other end of lower strain induction post align; Extensometer is separately fixed on upper strain induction post and lower strain induction post by bungee.Instant invention overcomes the difficult problem that extensometer cannot use under corrosion and hot environment, convenient and flexible operation, safe and reliable, cost is low, and measuring accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to material properties test and material strain field of measuring technique, particularly a kind of corrosion and hot environment under low cycle fatigue test device and method.
Background technology:
Low-cycle fatigue is the fatigue of material under high stress cycle effect, and its fatigue lifetime is shorter.The scope that low-cycle fatigue problem relates to is very extensive, as all seriously there is low-cycle fatigue problem in pressure vessels for the chemical industry, aeromotor, nuclear pressure vessel and pipeline, therefore has a wide range of applications to the research of low-cycle fatigue.Extensometer is the vitals of low cycle fatigue test machine, can the deflection of Control Assay in process of the test by extensometer, has the advantages that precision is high, reliability is high, highly sensitive.But because extensometer is precise part, under the corrosion and hot conditions of bad environments, its metal parts easily corrodes, distortion, thus affect transmission and the output of various types of signal, and damage.Therefore corrosion and hot environment under low-cycle fatigue compare be difficult to realize.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide the low cycle fatigue test device and method under a kind of corrosion and hot environment, to overcome the difficult problem that extensometer cannot use under corrosion and hot environment, apparatus of the present invention convenient and flexible operation, safe and reliable, cost is low, measuring accuracy is high, has very high using value.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Corrosion and hot environment under a low cycle fatigue test device, comprising: strain gauge means, heating system and circulating cooling system; Strain gauge means comprises upper junction plate, upper strain induction post, lower connecting plate, lower strain induction post and extensometer; The upper end of sample through upper junction plate and upper cooler pan, and is fixedly connected with upper junction plate with upper cooler pan; The lower end of sample through corrosion pot, heating furnace, lower connecting plate and lower cooler pan, and is fixedly connected with lower cooler pan with lower connecting plate; One end of upper strain induction post is fixed on upper junction plate, and lower strain induction post one end is fixed on lower connecting plate, and the other end of upper strain induction post and the other end of lower strain induction post align; Extensometer is separately fixed on upper strain induction post and lower strain induction post by bungee; Corrosion pot is positioned at heating furnace; Heating system comprises corrosion pot and heating furnace; Circulating cooling system, for reducing the temperature of strain gauge means during heating.
The present invention further improves and is: upper cooler pan, upper junction plate, lower cooler pan and lower connecting plate be arranged in parallel, and corrosion pot and heating furnace are arranged between upper junction plate and lower connecting plate.
The present invention further improves and is: being matched with the external thread of sample upper end by two nuts in the upper end of sample, the upper end of sample, upper junction plate is fixedly connected with upper cooler pan; Being matched with the external thread of sample lower end by two nuts in the lower end of sample, sample lower end, corrosion pot, heating furnace, lower connecting plate is fixedly connected with lower cooler pan.
The present invention further improves and is: heating furnace is arranged heating furnace upper cover; Heating furnace covers be provided with pass for sample sample jack, for installing the thermocouple jack of thermopair; In thermocouple jack, thermopair is installed.
The present invention further improves and is: be provided with O-ring seal between the bottom of corrosion pot and sample; Heating furnace covers and is also provided with wireway jack, in wireway jack, wireway is installed.
The present invention further improves and is: power lead and the thermopair of heating furnace are connected with PID controller, realize the control to furnace temp.
The present invention further improves and is: be connected with chilled water in upper cooler pan, lower cooler pan, upper cooler pan is connected with low pressure recycle water pump with the cocycle water pipe that lower cooler pan is arranged and lower circulating water pipe, realizes the circulation of chilled water.
The present invention further improves and is: upper junction plate is provided with the first strain induction post jack kept supplying strain induction post and pass, and lower connecting plate is provided with the second strain induction post jack passed for lower strain induction post; First strain induction post jack and the second strain induction post jack have the adjustment space for regulating upper strain induction post and lower strain induction post horizontal level.
The present invention further improves and is: the spacing between upper strain induction post and lower strain induction post is 1 ~ 2mm.
Corrosion and hot environment under a low cycle fatigue test method, comprise the following steps:
First, low cycle fatigue test is carried out to sample, measure the load that sample under different test initial strain conditions bears;
Secondly, after being installed by the low cycle fatigue test device under corrosion and hot environment, the distance S between upper junction plate and lower connecting plate is measured; Set up 1/4th axisymmetric models, use the strain of simulation softward simulation sample under different loads condition, then add up the strain of S/2 and L/2 place sample, determine the strain that sample two ends are total far from S/2 place, center and the corresponding relation testing initial strain; Finally, in process of the test, strain parameter controls the two ends of the sample corresponding to the test initial strain strain value total far from S/2 place, center using simulation gained, during data processing, use and sample two ends far from the test initial strain corresponding to the total strain in S/2 place, center; Wherein L is extensometer gage length.
The strain that the present invention measures is not the strain of tested sample center section; After the size of sample and the installation position of test unit are determined, strained by finite element analogy sample, then the strain of sample between the strain of sample between extensometer gage length and strain gauge means upper junction plate and lower connecting plate is added up, the corresponding relation between determining; In the process of test, setting parameter is the strain between strain gauge means; When carrying out data processing afterwards, according to corresponding relation, the strain between strain gauge means is converted into the strain between extensometer gage length.
Test method of the present invention, first the method for low cycle fatigue test is used, record the maximum load suffered by differently strained lower sample, then use the method for numerical simulation to record strain value apart from sample under the certain distance of sample center under differently strained condition, use this strain value as the test parameters of the low cycle fatigue test under corrosion and hot environment.
Relative to prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Experimental provision complete function of the present invention, under can corrosion environment being realized, under hot environment, the low cycle fatigue test under high-temperature corrosion environment.
Experimental provision structure of the present invention is simple, and easy for installation, cost is low, long service life, under high-temperature corrosion environment, is got rid of by etchant gas by wireway, avoids the corrosion of etchant gas to machine; By circulating cooling system, the temperature of strain gauge means is controlled within the specific limits simultaneously, the low cycle fatigue test under higher temperature can be realized.
Test method of the present invention is simple, and by finite element analogy, the present invention can the accuracy of warranty test result.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system schematic that corrosion of the present invention and hot environment bend down all fatigue experimental devices.
The schematic diagram of the heating furnace upper cover that Fig. 2 uses when being and carrying out high temperature low-cycle fatigue test.
The schematic diagram of the heating furnace upper cover that Fig. 3 uses when being and carrying out high temperature corrosion low cycle fatigue test.
Fig. 4 is upper lower connecting plate schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is heating furnace and corrosion pot schematic diagram.
Calibration position (apart from sample center) schematic diagram when Fig. 6 is simulated calibration.
Fig. 7 is the low-cycle fatigue S-N curve map of material under high-temperature corrosion environment in embodiment 1.
Fig. 8 is the low-cycle fatigue S-N curve map of material under hot environment in embodiment 2.
Wherein, 1, upper cooler pan; 2, circulating water pipe; 3, thermopair; 4, nut; 5, sample; 6, upper junction plate; 7, heating furnace upper cover; 8, pot is corroded; 9, heating furnace; 10, nut; 11, upper strain induction post; 12, extensometer; 13, lower cooler pan; 14, circulating water pipe; 15, O-ring seal; 16, nut; 17, lower connecting plate; 18, power lead; 19, nut; 20, lower strain induction post; 21, thermocouple jack; 22, sample jack; 23, wireway; 24, wireway jack; 25, sample jack; 26, strain induction post jack; 27, sample jack; 28, heating furnace bottom.
Embodiment:
Refer to shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 8, the present invention a kind of corrosion and hot environment under low cycle fatigue test device, comprising: strain gauge means, heating system and circulating cooling system.
Strain gauge means is by upper junction plate 6, and post 11 is responded in upper strain, lower connecting plate 17, and lower strain induction post 20 and extensometer 12 form; Sample 5, through upper cooler pan 1 and upper junction plate 6, is fixed together by being threaded above nut 4 and sample 5; Sample 5 passes lower cooler pan 13, lower connecting plate 17, heating furnace 9, and corrosion pot 8 and O-ring seal 15, be fixed together by being threaded above nut 16 and sample 5; Upper strain induction post 11, through upper junction plate 6, is fixed together by nut 10 and screw thread above thereof; Lower strain induction post 20, through lower connecting plate 17, is fixed together by nut 19 and screw thread above thereof; Extensometer 12 is separately fixed on upper strain induction post 11 and lower strain induction post 20 by bungee.
Heating system is by corroding pot 8, and heating furnace 9, thermopair 3, heating furnace upper cover 7 and power lead 18 form.
Circulating cooling system is by upper cooler pan 1, and lower cooler pan 12, circulating water pipe 2 and circulating water pipe 14 form.
Heating system is connected with PID controller by power lead 18 and thermopair 3, realizes the control to furnace temp.
Circulating cooling system, is connected with chilled water in upper cooler pan 1, lower cooler pan 13, is connected, realizes the circulation of chilled water by circulating water pipe 2 and circulating water pipe 14 with low pressure recycle water pump, then reduces the temperature of strain gauge means during heating.
Strain sensor, the diameter of the strain induction post jack 26 of lower connecting plate 17 is greater than the diameter of lower strain induction post 20, is convenient to the horizontal level regulating lower strain induction post 20, and strain induction post 11 and lower strain induction post 20 are alignd.
The strain that strain gauge means is measured is not the strain of tested sample center section; After the size of sample and the installation position of test unit are determined, strained by finite element analogy sample, then the strain of sample between the strain of sample between extensometer gage length and strain gauge means upper junction plate 6 and lower connecting plate 17 is added up, the corresponding relation between determining; In the process of test, setting parameter is the strain between strain gauge means; When carrying out data processing afterwards, according to corresponding relation, the strain between strain gauge means is converted into the strain between extensometer gage length.
Said heating system, when carrying out high temperature low-cycle fatigue test, using heating furnace upper cover 7 as shown in Figure 2, and not installing O-ring seal 15; When carrying out high temperature corrosion low cycle fatigue test, use heating furnace upper cover 7 as shown in Figure 3, it is characterized in that on heating furnace upper cover 7, opened a hole more, the corrosive gas in it is drawn by wireway 23, after preventing corrosive gas from overflowing, corrosion is caused to machine.
Experimental provision of the present invention can make it be applicable to different temperature environments by change heating system and circulating cooling system.
In the present invention, upper cooler pan 1, upper junction plate 6, upper strain induction post 11, lower cooler pan 13, lower connecting plate 1 and lower strain induction post 20 are 304 austenitic stainless steels.The shell of heating furnace upper cover 7 and heating furnace 9 is aluminium.Heating furnace bottom 28 is 304 austenitic stainless steels, uses cementing agent to be connected with the body of heater of heating furnace 9.O-ring seal 15 is " 0 " RunddichtringO.Circulating water pipe 2,14 and wireway 23 be plastic flexible pipe.Nut used in test unit is stainless steel.
The installation of low cycle fatigue test device under a kind of corrosion of the present invention and hot environment: by sample 5 successively through lower cooler pan 13, lower connecting plate 17, heating furnace 9, corrosion pot 8, if will corrosive liquid be filled in corrosion pot 8, then O-ring seal 15 is inserted in sample 5, the bottom of a pan of adjacent corrosion pot 8, uses two nuts 16 by lower cooler pan 13, lower connecting plate 17, heating furnace 9, corrosion pot 8, O-ring seal 15 and sample 5 are fixed together.Sample 5, upper junction plate 6 and upper cooler pan 1 through the sample jack 22 at heating furnace upper cover 7 center, upper junction plate 6 and upper cooler pan 1, are fixed together by two nuts 4 by the top of sample 5 successively.Thermopair 3 is inserted the thermocouple jack 21 in heating furnace upper cover 7.If the in-built corrosive liquid of corrosion pot 8, then insert the wireway jack 24 in heating furnace upper cover 7 by wireway 23.Upper strain induction post 11 is inserted the strain induction post jack 26 of upper junction plate 6, two nuts 10 are used upper strain induction post 11 and upper junction plate 6 to be fixed together, lower strain induction post 20 is inserted in the strain induction post jack 26 of lower connecting plate 17, uses two nuts 19 lower strain induction post 20 and lower connecting plate 17 to be fixed together.Setting nut 10 and upper strain respond tos post 11, make the gap straining induction post 11 and lower strain induction post 20 between 1 ~ 2mm, regulate lower strain to respond to the horizontal level of post 20, make lower strain induction post 20 respond to post 11 align with upper strain.Bungee is used extensometer 12 to be fixed on strain induction post 11 up and down, on 20.
In order to ensure the accuracy of the low cycle fatigue test under corrosion and hot environment, strain should be carried out when first time uses and demarcate.The experimental technique of low cycle fatigue test device under a kind of corrosion of the present invention and hot environment, comprises the following steps:
First, carry out low cycle fatigue test, measure the load that sample under different test initial strain conditions bears; Secondly, after the low cycle fatigue test device under corrosion and hot environment installs, the distance S in monitor strain measurement mechanism between upper junction plate 6 and lower connecting plate 17.Set up 1/4th axisymmetric models, simulation softward Abaqus is used to simulate the strain of sample under different loads condition, then S/2 and L(extensometer gage length is as shown in Figure 6 added up) strain of/2 place's samples, determine the corresponding relation of the strain total far from S/2 place, center of sample two ends and test initial strain; Finally, in process of the test, strain parameter controls the two ends of the sample corresponding to the test initial strain strain value total far from S/2 place, center using simulation gained, during data processing, use and sample two ends far from the test initial strain corresponding to the total strain in S/2 place, center.
Embodiment 1:
This example is the MgCl of 40% at 80 DEG C of massfractions
2carry out in solution.Use heating furnace upper cover 7 as shown in Figure 3, the etchant gas of generation can be derived by wireway 23, avoid etchant gas to overflow and corrosion is produced to machine.Test unit in this example can meet room temperature to the low cycle fatigue test under 300 DEG C of conditions.
In this example, after test unit installation, need to carry out strain and demarcate.Distance S in this example between upper junction plate 6 and lower connecting plate 17 is 110mm, and upper lower connecting plate 6,17 is respectively 55mm apart from sample center.First, the load value suffered by sample under differently strained condition is measured; Set up 1/4th axisymmetric models, use the strain of simulation softward simulation sample under different loads condition, then add up the strain of S/2 and L/2 place sample as shown in Figure 6, the strain of this implementation requirements sample core requires as shown in table 1.
Initial strain condition tested by table 1
Under statistics different loads condition, the strain value at sample S/2 place, is multiplied by 2 by the result of statistics, obtains the strain value that sample two ends are total far from S/2 place, center.The test initial strain of final statistics and correspondence thereof is as shown in table 2.
Table 2 simulated strain and the corresponding relation with test initial strain thereof
In process of the test, strain parameter uses simulated strain, when carrying out data processing, according to the corresponding relation of table 2, simulated strain is converted into test initial strain.Final test findings as shown in Figure 7.By finding out in accompanying drawing 7 that test findings meets fatigue of materials rule, can reflect that this material is the MgCl of 40% at 80 DEG C of massfractions
2low cycle fatigue property in solution.
Embodiment 2
This example carries out in 180 DEG C of air dielectrics, and owing to not having corrosive liquid, so corrosion pot bottom does not need sealing, do not install O-ring seal 15, use heating furnace upper cover 7 as shown in Figure 2, test unit remainder is identical with embodiment 1.
Distance S in this example between upper junction plate 6 and lower connecting plate 17 is 110mm, and upper lower connecting plate 6,17 is respectively 55mm apart from sample center.Therefore the analog result in embodiment 1 is used to test.Final test findings as shown in Figure 8.By finding out in accompanying drawing 8 that test findings meets fatigue of materials rule, the low cycle fatigue property of this material in 180 DEG C of air dielectrics can be reflected.
Claims (10)
1. corrosion and hot environment under a low cycle fatigue test device, it is characterized in that, comprising: strain gauge means, heating system and circulating cooling system;
Strain gauge means comprises upper junction plate (6), upper strain induction post (11), lower connecting plate (17), lower strain induction post (20) and extensometer (12); The upper end of sample (5) through upper junction plate (6) and upper cooler pan (1), and is fixedly connected with upper junction plate (6) with upper cooler pan (1); The lower end of sample (5) through corrosion pot (8), heating furnace (9), lower connecting plate (17) and lower cooler pan (13), and is fixedly connected with lower cooler pan (13) with lower connecting plate (17); One end of upper strain induction post (11) is fixed on upper junction plate (6), lower strain induction post (20) one end is fixed on lower connecting plate (17), and the other end of upper strain induction post (11) and the other end of lower strain induction post (20) align; Extensometer (12) is separately fixed in upper strain induction post (11) and lower strain induction post (20) by bungee; Corrosion pot (8) is positioned at heating furnace (9);
Heating system comprises corrosion pot (8) and heating furnace (9);
Circulating cooling system, for reducing the temperature of strain gauge means during heating;
Upper junction plate (6) and lower connecting plate (17) be arranged in parallel.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of corrosion and hot environment under low cycle fatigue test device, it is characterized in that, upper cooler pan (1), upper junction plate (6), lower cooler pan (13) be arranged in parallel, and corrosion pot (8) and heating furnace (9) are arranged between upper junction plate (6) and lower connecting plate (17).
3. according to claim 1 a kind of corrosion and hot environment under low cycle fatigue test device, it is characterized in that, being matched by the external thread of two nuts with sample (5) upper end in the upper end of sample (5), the upper end of sample (5), upper junction plate (6) is fixedly connected with upper cooler pan (1); Being matched by the external thread of two nuts with sample (5) lower end in the lower end of sample (5), sample (5) lower end, corrosion pot (8), heating furnace (9), lower connecting plate (17) is fixedly connected with lower cooler pan (13).
4. according to claim 1 a kind of corrosion and hot environment under low cycle fatigue test device, it is characterized in that, heating furnace (9) is arranged heating furnace upper cover (7); Heating furnace upper cover (7) be provided with for sample (5) pass sample jack, for installing the thermocouple jack (21) of thermopair; Thermopair (3) is installed in thermocouple jack (21).
5. according to claim 4 a kind of corrosion and hot environment under low cycle fatigue test device, it is characterized in that, corrosion pot (8) bottom and sample (5) between be provided with O-ring seal; Heating furnace upper cover (7) is also provided with wireway jack (24), wireway (23) is installed in wireway jack (24).
6. according to claim 4 a kind of corrosion and hot environment under low cycle fatigue test device, it is characterized in that, power lead (18) and the thermopair (3) of heating furnace (9) are connected with PID controller, realize the control to furnace temp.
7. according to claim 1 a kind of corrosion and hot environment under low cycle fatigue test device, it is characterized in that, upper cooler pan (1), lower cooler pan are connected with chilled water in (13), the cocycle water pipe that upper cooler pan (1) and lower cooler pan (13) are above arranged and lower circulating water pipe are connected with low pressure recycle water pump, realize the circulation of chilled water.
8. according to claim 1 a kind of corrosion and hot environment under low cycle fatigue test device, it is characterized in that, upper junction plate (6) is provided with the first strain induction post jack kept supplying strain induction post (11) and pass, and lower connecting plate (17) is provided with the second strain induction post jack passed for lower strain induction post (20); First strain induction post jack and the second strain induction post jack have the adjustment space for regulating upper strain induction post (11) and lower strain induction post (20) horizontal level.
9. the low cycle fatigue test device under a kind of corrosion according to claim 1 and hot environment, it is characterized in that, the spacing that upper strain induction post (11) and lower strain are responded between post (20) is 1 ~ 2mm.
10. corrosion and hot environment under a low cycle fatigue test method, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
First, low cycle fatigue test is carried out to sample, measure the load that sample under different test initial strain conditions bears;
Secondly, after a kind of corrosion according to any one of claim 1 to 9 and the low cycle fatigue test device under hot environment being installed, the distance S between upper junction plate (6) and lower connecting plate (17) is measured; Carry out low cycle fatigue test, measure the load that sample is suffered under different initial strain condition; Set up 1/4th axisymmetric models, use the strain of simulation softward simulation sample under different loads condition, then add up the strain of S/2 and L/2 place sample, determine the strain that sample two ends are total far from S/2 place, center and the corresponding relation testing initial strain; Finally, in process of the test, strain parameter controls the two ends of the sample corresponding to the test initial strain strain value total far from S/2 place, center using simulation gained, during data processing, use and sample two ends far from the test initial strain corresponding to the total strain in S/2 place, center; Wherein L is extensometer gage length.
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