CN109490061A - The device and test method of environment fatigue experiment are carried out under a kind of waveform control condition - Google Patents
The device and test method of environment fatigue experiment are carried out under a kind of waveform control condition Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention belongs to material experiment fields, and in particular to the problems such as device and test method that environment fatigue experiment is carried out under to a kind of waveform control condition, fatigue tester control precision is inadequate when for solving to carry out wave-form test, and the control of loading speed transfer point is unstable.The device includes fatigue tester, environment applies and control system, small deformation displacement control system, sample is placed in environment bringing device, sample and fatigue tester load axis connection, environment, which applies, carries out the fatigue test under different wave by small deformation displacement control system with environment locating for control system Control Assay, fatigue tester.The test method includes: that sample is placed in environment simulator by (1), and loads axis connection with fatigue tester；(2) environmental parameter is adjusted and controlled, requirement of experiment is reached；(3) small deformation displacement control system is installed, fatigue tester carries out the fatigue test under waveform control condition by small deformation displacement control system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material experiment fields, and in particular to environment fatigue experiment is carried out under to a kind of waveform control condition
Device and test method.
Background technique
Fatigue is one of main failure forms of structural material.Structural material is served in mostly in specific environment, so
The environment fatigue behaviour of material for the design of engineering component, the control of Service Environment, predicting residual useful life, inefficacy mechanism really
Establish a capital it is significant, it is practical be on active service during repeated strain be not mostly rule waveform.Currently, both at home and abroad in simulation material
The research of the environment fatigue behaviour of material is seldom under the conditions of different wave in practical Service Environment, and especially nuclear power critical material takes
The high temperature and pressure water environment of labour.
Commercial fatigue tester is in order to obtain biggish displacement stroke, the larger (± 25mm of the displacement sensor measurement range of outfit
Or ± 50mm).The precision of displacement sensor is reduced with the increase of range.When carrying out waveform Control experiment, fatigue tester
The precision of the displacement sensor of outfit is unable to satisfy the requirement of progress fatigue test under the conditions of different wave.If reducing fatigue examination
The displacement sensor of machine is tested to improve precision, be just unable to satisfy dismounting sample when displacement stroke requirement, can by high temperature air,
It is difficult on a set of equipment that simulation and the accurate control of high temperature protection atmosphere, high temperature and pressure water environment are integrated into.
Currently, few complete examinations that can meet waveform control simultaneously and carry out environment fatigue test requirement in world wide
Experiment device.Therefore, research and development can carry out the technology of environment fatigue test under waveform control condition, for accumulating different wave item
The rational design of the environment fatigue data of material, engineering component has very big application value under part.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide device and test sides that environment fatigue experiment is carried out under a kind of waveform control condition
Method, solve the problems, such as commercial fatigue tester displacement sensor precision not enough, device fabrication difficulty, can be on active service in conjunction with practical
The fatigue behaviour of environmental evaluation material.
Technical scheme is as follows:
Carry out the device of environment fatigue experiment under a kind of waveform control condition, which includes that fatigue tester, environment are applied
Add and is placed in environment bringing device with control system, small deformation displacement control system, sample, sample and fatigue tester loading axis
Connection, environment apply with control system Control Assay locating for environment, fatigue tester by small deformation displacement control system into
Fatigue test under row different wave, environment, which applies, provides the ginseng of stable experimental enviroment, Control experiment environment with control system
Number；
Small deformation displacement control system includes: supporting adn fixing device, displacement sensor, connecting rod, and supporting adn fixing device will
Displacement sensor is fixed on fatigue tester pedestal, and fatigue tester loading axis passes through the movement of connecting rod and displacement sensor
End connection, displacement sensor are connect by data acquisition unit with the control system in fatigue tester control cabinet, and small change is passed through
Shape displacement control system can accurately control the fatigue test under different wave；
It includes: environment bringing device, environment control unit that environment, which applies with control system, and fatigue tester loading axis passes through
Environment bringing device uses the sealing means of dynamic sealing between the two, can be grown at sealing by the cooling guarantee sealing element of cooling water
Time stable operation, sample are realized and are existed by fixture and load axis connection, the transmission device connection of loading axis and fatigue tester
CYCLIC LOADING is carried out to sample in corrosive environment.
The device of environment fatigue experiment is carried out under the waveform control condition, environment bringing device is fixed on fatigue test
On machine, sample is placed in environment bringing device, and in experimentation, environment locating for environment control unit Control Assay guarantees real
The stabilization of sample local environment parameters during testing.
The test method that environment fatigue experiment is carried out under a kind of waveform control condition, is attached to ring for the sample cleaned first
In the bringing device of border, axis connection is loaded by fixture and fatigue tester；Then, small deformation displacement control system is installed；Then,
Adjust relative position and the clearing of displacement sensor mobile terminal and connecting rod；Finally, being applied by environment with control system is examination
It tests and stable experimental situation is provided, start the environment fatigue test under the conditions of different wave after ambient stable.
The test method that environment fatigue experiment is carried out under the waveform control condition, specifically comprises the following steps:
A) test specimen is cleaned；
B) sample is attached to the inside of environment bringing device, sample loads axis connection by fixture and fatigue tester；
C) after sample clamping, small deformation displacement control system is installed, displacement sensor is passed through into supporting adn fixing device
It is fixed on designated position, the mobile terminal of connecting rod and displacement sensor is connected, displacement sensor and data acquisition unit are connected
It connects；
D) position of the displacement sensor mobile terminal relative to connecting rod is adjusted, controls displacement sensor in fatigue tester
Registration on panel is close to zero；
E) opposite reset is carried out to displacement sensor on fatigue tester control panel；
F) apply experimental enviroment, environmental parameter locating for environment control unit Control Assay；
G) after experimental enviroment is stablized, wave-form test parameter is set, starts fatigue test, fatigue tester passes through small deformation position
It moves control system and accurately controls fatigue loading；
H) test stops test after reaching setting condition, experimental enviroment is removed, by displacement sensor mobile terminal and connecting rod
It separates；
I) sample is removed.
In step b), sample of different shapes loads axis connection using different fixtures and fatigue tester, fixture with it is tired
It is connected between labor testing machine loading axis by adapter, sample seals environment bringing device after installing.
In step c), the mobile terminal of displacement sensor is screw connection structure, and the screw rod of the mobile terminal passes through connection
Unthreaded hole on bar, two nuts are located at the two sides up and down of connecting rod.
In step d), adjusts displacement sensor mobile terminal screw rod and be located at the nut on the upside of connecting rod, make fatigue tester
The registration of displacement sensor screws the nut that the mobile terminal screw rod is located on the downside of connecting rod close to zero on control panel, will
The mobile terminal is connect with connecting rod.
In step h), after the test, first the connection between displacement sensor and connecting rod is separated, protection displacement passes
Sensor.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1, small deformation displacement control system of the invention can accurately control the environment fatigue test of different wave condition, can
Realize the combination of multiple waveforms, the different phase of load changes strain rate etc., and fatigue is tried when for solving to carry out wave-form test
Test the problems such as machine control precision is inadequate, and the control of loading speed transfer point is unstable.
2, small deformation displacement control system installing and dismounting of the invention, conveniently, will not produce fatigue tester original function
It is raw to influence.
3, the present invention can carry out standard test samples (such as: rodlike, sheet), non-standard quasi- test specimen (such as: tubulose
Deng) environment fatigue test under different wave.
4, environment of the invention application and control system, can be realized to temperature (room temperature is to 360 DEG C), sample local environment
The accurate control of (such as: air, protective gas (nitrogen or argon gas), high-temperature high pressure water), if environment is high temperature and pressure water ring
Border, control system can realize the accurate control to water chemistry parameters such as pressure (0~20MPa), dissolved oxygens, can simulate high temperature sky
Gas, protective gas environment, light water reactor high temperature and pressure water environment.
5, package unit of the present invention is modularized design, and experimental demand replaces related device at any time.Such as: if
The test under low temperature environment is carried out, environment bringing device can be changed to low temperature environment chamber；It, can if carrying out salt spray test
Environment bringing device is changed to smoke test case；If carrying out the test under the conditions of corrosive media, environment can be applied and be filled
Set the experimental tank for being changed to and capable of filling corrosive media.
6, the present invention can meet a variety of environment of simulation, easy maintenance, integrated level height.
7, present device is stable, safe.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of experimental provision of the present invention.In figure, 1- fatigue tester；2- environment bringing device；3- connects
Extension bar；4- displacement sensor；5- supporting adn fixing device；6- loading axis；7- environment control unit；8- fatigue tester control cabinet；
9- data acquisition unit.
Fig. 2 is a kind of target waveform of wave-form test parameter；In figure, abscissa time represents time (s), ordinate
Strain represents strain (mm).
Fig. 3 is that the displacement sensor being equipped with using fatigue tester carries out the actual waveform tested under the conditions of Fig. 2 waveform；Figure
In, abscissa time represents the time (s), and ordinate Strain represents strain (mm).
Fig. 4 is to carry out the actual waveform tested under the conditions of Fig. 2 waveform using small deformation displacement control system；In figure, horizontal seat
Mark time represents the time (s), and Strain represents strain (mm).
Fig. 5 is 325 DEG C, carries out ring under the conditions of waveform in the high temperature and pressure water environment of 13MPa, dissolved oxygen content less than 5ppb
The state of sample at the end of the fatigue test of border.
Fig. 6 is 325 DEG C, carries out ring under the conditions of waveform in the high temperature and pressure water environment of 13MPa, dissolved oxygen content less than 5ppb
The macro morphology of sample fracture after the fatigue test of border.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, carrying out the device of environment fatigue experiment, the device under a kind of waveform control condition provided by the invention
It include: that fatigue tester, environment application and control system, small deformation displacement control system, sample are placed in environment bringing device,
Sample and fatigue tester load axis connection, and environment applies to be led to environment locating for control system Control Assay, fatigue tester
Too small deformation displacement control system carries out the fatigue test under different wave, and environment, which applies, provides stable test with control system
The parameter of environment, Control experiment environment.
Small deformation displacement control system includes: supporting adn fixing device 5, displacement sensor 4, connecting rod 3, supporting adn fixing device
5 are fixed on displacement sensor 4 on the pedestal of fatigue tester 1, and fatigue tester loading axis 6 is passed by connecting rod 3 and displacement
The mobile terminal of sensor 4 connects, and displacement sensor 4 passes through the control system in data acquisition unit 9 and fatigue tester control cabinet 8
Connection, the fatigue test under different wave can be accurately controlled by small deformation displacement control system.
It includes: environment bringing device 2, environment control unit 7, fatigue tester loading axis 6 that environment, which applies with control system,
Across environment bringing device 2, the sealing means of dynamic sealing, guarantee sealing cooling by cooling water at sealing are used between the two
Part energy long-time steady operation, sample are connect by fixture with loading axis 6, and the transmission device of loading axis 6 and fatigue tester 1 connects
It connects, realizes and CYCLIC LOADING is carried out to sample in corrosive environment.
Environment bringing device 2 is fixed on fatigue tester 1, and sample is placed in environment bringing device 2, in experimentation,
Environment locating for 7 Control Assay of environment control unit guarantees the stabilization of sample local environment parameters in experimentation.
In the specific implementation process, the test of environment fatigue experiment is carried out under a kind of waveform control condition provided by the invention
The sample cleaned is attached in environment bringing device 2 by method first, is connect by fixture with fatigue tester loading axis 6；So
Afterwards, small deformation displacement control system is installed；Then, the relative position of 4 mobile terminal of displacement sensor and connecting rod 3 and clear is adjusted
Zero；Stable experimental situation is provided for test with control system finally, applying by environment, starts different waves after ambient stable
Environment fatigue test under the conditions of shape.
Specifically, it is first that the sample clean of test is clean, sample is attached in environment bringing device 2, fixture is passed through
It connect, is connected between fixture and fatigue tester loading axis 6 by adapter, after sample installs with fatigue tester loading axis 6
Environment bringing device 2 is sealed.
Then, small deformation displacement control system is installed, displacement sensor 4 is fixed on fatigue by supporting adn fixing device 5
Connecting rod 3 is connect by the designated position of 1 pedestal of testing machine with 4 mobile terminal of displacement sensor, and the mobile terminal of displacement sensor 4 is
The threaded screw rod in top, the screw rod of the mobile terminal pass through the unthreaded hole in connecting rod 3, and two nuts are located at connecting rod 3
Two sides up and down；Displacement sensor 4 is connect with data acquisition unit 9, data acquisition unit 9 accesses the control of fatigue tester 1
System processed.
Then, the nut that displacement sensor mobile terminal screw rod is located at 3 upside of connecting rod is adjusted, fatigue tester 1 is controlled
The registration of faceplate displacement sensor 4 is close to zero；Displacement sensor 4 is carried out relatively on 1 control panel of fatigue tester
It resets, screws the nut that the mobile terminal screw rod is located at 3 downside of connecting rod, the mobile terminal and connecting rod 3 is fixed.
Finally, environment, which applies, provides stable experimental situation with control system for test, after ambient stable, waveform is set
Test parameters, starts fatigue test, and fatigue test machine control system accurately controls fatigue by small deformation displacement control system and adds
It carries.
Test stops test after reaching setting condition, and displacement sensor mobile terminal and connecting rod 3 are separated, proving ring is removed
Environment control unit 7 is opened in border, fixture is removed, sample takes out.
In the following, being further elaborated on by embodiment to the present invention.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, 316 stainless steels are less than the high temperature and pressure water environment of 5ppb in 325 DEG C, 13MPa, dissolved oxygen content
In environment fatigue test, test use Bit andits control (control of small deformation displacement control system), table 1 be test use waveform
Parameter.
1 waveform parameter of table
| Time (s) | 0 | 40 | 53 | 66 | 106 | 111 | 116 |
| It strains (%) | 0 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0 | -0.6 | 0 |
Sample material is 316 stainless steels, is processed into the bar samples of standard, gauge length segment length 16mm, diameter 8mm.Such as Fig. 1
It is shown, sample is attached in environment bringing device 2, is connect by fixture with fatigue tester loading axis 6, by environment bringing device
2 sealings are installed small deformation displacement control system and are connect with data acquisition unit 9, pass through 7 Control experiment ring of environment control unit
Border, by the setting test test parameters of table 1 after ambient stable to be tested, fatigue tester control cabinet 8 passes through small deformation Bit andits control
System is controlled, and fatigue test is started, when fatigue tester displacement is more than that setting range fatigue test stops.Fig. 5 is waveform
Under the conditions of environment fatigue test after sample state, fatigue crack is located in gauge length section and perpendicular to loading axis, sample
There is corrosion product on surface.Fig. 6 is the macro morphology of sample fracture after the test, and fracture surface has corrosion product covering, centainly
Illustrate that environment plays facilitation to the extension of fatigue crack in degree.
In the present embodiment, at the turning point of strain rate, the obtained waveform of small deformation displacement control system (Fig. 4) with
The matching degree of target waveform (Fig. 2) is than the waveform (Fig. 3) that the displacement sensor that use fatigue tester is equipped with controls
It is high with the matching degree of target waveform (Fig. 2).
Embodiment the result shows that, the present invention safe and stable operation 6000h, equipment is stablized in experimentation, does not occur
Cross unstability, the problems such as environmental condition is unsatisfactory for test requirements document.Operation of the present invention is simple, easy to maintain, it can be achieved that multiple waveforms
The different phase of combination, load changes strain rate etc., and the control precision at the turning point of strain rate is preferable.Of the invention
Use scope is wide, and, sheet sample rodlike to standard, the environment fatigue test of non-standard (tubulose) sample, experimental ring may be implemented
Cover room temperature to environment such as 360 DEG C of air, protective gas (nitrogen, argon gas), high-temperature high pressure water in border.Package unit is module
Change design, corresponding module can be replaced according to the demand of test, realize the change of package unit function, such as can be achieved low temperature,
Fatigue test under the environment such as salt fog, corrosive liquid medium (being lower than 100 DEG C).For deep wave under the conditions of understanding varying environment
Shape parameter is to the affecting laws of the fatigue behaviour of material, the mechanism for disclosing environment fatigue, accumulation structural material in the practical clothes of simulation
The basic data of fatigue behaviour, the reasonability of raising engineering component design and reliability of operation have great meaning in labour environment
Justice.
Claims (8)
1. carrying out the device of environment fatigue experiment under a kind of waveform control condition, it is characterised in that: the device includes fatigue test
Machine, environment apply to be placed in environment bringing device with control system, small deformation displacement control system, sample, and sample and fatigue are tried
Machine load axis connection is tested, environment, which applies, to be displaced with environment locating for control system Control Assay, fatigue tester by small deformation
Control system carries out the fatigue test under different wave, and environment, which applies, provides stable experimental enviroment, control examination with control system
Test the parameter of environment；
Small deformation displacement control system includes: supporting adn fixing device (5), displacement sensor (4), connecting rod (3), supports fixed dress
It sets (5) displacement sensor (4) is fixed on fatigue tester (1) pedestal, fatigue tester loading axis (6) passes through connecting rod
(3) it is connect with the mobile terminal of displacement sensor (4), displacement sensor (4) passes through data acquisition unit (9) and fatigue tester control
Control system connection in cabinet (8) processed, the fatigue test under different wave can be accurately controlled by small deformation displacement control system；
It includes: environment bringing device (2), environment control unit (7), fatigue tester loading axis that environment, which applies with control system,
(6) environment bringing device (2) are passed through, uses the sealing means of dynamic sealing between the two, guarantees at sealing by the way that cooling water is cooling
Sealing element energy long-time steady operation, sample are connect by fixture with loading axis (6), loading axis (6) and fatigue tester (1)
Transmission device connection is realized and carries out CYCLIC LOADING to sample in corrosive environment.
2. carrying out the device of environment fatigue experiment under waveform control condition described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that: environment
Bringing device (2) is fixed on fatigue tester (1), and sample is placed in environment bringing device (2), in experimentation, environment control
Environment locating for device (7) Control Assay processed guarantees the stabilization of sample local environment parameters in experimentation.
3. carrying out the test of environment fatigue experiment under a kind of waveform control condition using one of claim 1 to 2 described device
Method, which is characterized in that the sample cleaned is attached in environment bringing device first, is loaded by fixture and fatigue tester
Axis connection；Then, small deformation displacement control system is installed；Then, the opposite position of displacement sensor mobile terminal and connecting rod is adjusted
It sets and resets；Stable experimental situation is provided for test with control system finally, applying by environment, is started after ambient stable
Environment fatigue test under the conditions of different wave.
4. carrying out the test method of environment fatigue experiment under waveform control condition described in accordance with the claim 3, which is characterized in that
Specifically comprise the following steps:
A) test specimen is cleaned；
B) sample is attached to the inside of environment bringing device (2), sample is connect by fixture with fatigue tester loading axis (6)；
C) after sample clamping, small deformation displacement control system is installed, displacement sensor (4) is passed through into supporting adn fixing device
(5) it is fixed on designated position, connecting rod (3) is connect with the mobile terminal of displacement sensor (4), by displacement sensor (4) and number
It is connected according to acquisition unit (9)；
D) position of the displacement sensor mobile terminal relative to connecting rod is adjusted, controls displacement sensor (4) in fatigue tester
Registration on panel is close to zero；
E) opposite reset is carried out to displacement sensor (4) on fatigue tester control panel；
F) apply experimental enviroment, environmental parameter locating for environment control unit (7) Control Assay；
G) after experimental enviroment is stablized, wave-form test parameter is set, starts fatigue test, fatigue tester is displaced by small deformation and is controlled
System processed accurately controls fatigue loading；
H) test stops test after reaching setting condition, experimental enviroment is removed, by displacement sensor (4) mobile terminal and connecting rod
(3) it separates；
I) sample is removed.
5. the test method of environment fatigue experiment is carried out under waveform control condition according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
In step b), sample of different shapes is connect using different fixtures with fatigue tester loading axis (6), fixture and fatigue test
It is connected between machine loading axis (6) by adapter, sample seals environment bringing device (2) after installing.
6. the test method of environment fatigue experiment is carried out under waveform control condition according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
In step c), the mobile terminal of displacement sensor (4) is screw connection structure, and the screw rod of the mobile terminal passes through connecting rod (3)
On unthreaded hole, two nuts are located at the two sides up and down of connecting rod (3).
7. the test method of environment fatigue experiment is carried out under waveform control condition according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:
In step d), adjusts displacement sensor (4) mobile terminal screw rod and be located at the nut on the upside of connecting rod (3), make fatigue tester control
The registration of faceplate displacement sensor (4) processed screws the spiral shell that the mobile terminal screw rod is located on the downside of connecting rod (3) close to zero
The mobile terminal is connect by mother with connecting rod (3).
8. the test method of environment fatigue experiment is carried out under waveform control condition according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
In step h), after the test, first the connection between displacement sensor (4) and connecting rod (3) is separated, protects displacement sensing
Device.
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| CN110487651A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-22 | 温州大学 | The electronic type fatigue tester and its fatigue test method of analog natural environment |
| CN111238937A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-05 | 上海含骏自动化设备有限公司 | Metal wire fatigue test device |
| CN111413225A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-14 | 中机试验装备股份有限公司 | Fatigue test equipment and control method and system for periodic motion of controlled object of fatigue test equipment |
| CN111999182A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-27 | 四川华腾公路试验检测有限责任公司 | Anti-deformation test monitoring device and method for anti-glare panel under multi-cycle loading and unloading |
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| CN111413225A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-14 | 中机试验装备股份有限公司 | Fatigue test equipment and control method and system for periodic motion of controlled object of fatigue test equipment |
| CN111413225B (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2022-08-19 | 中机试验装备股份有限公司 | Fatigue test equipment and control method and system for periodic motion of controlled object of fatigue test equipment |
| CN111999182A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-27 | 四川华腾公路试验检测有限责任公司 | Anti-deformation test monitoring device and method for anti-glare panel under multi-cycle loading and unloading |
| CN112197926A (en) * | 2020-10-08 | 2021-01-08 | 天津大学 | Structural member anti-seismic performance test method considering influence of corrosion environment and load history |
| CN112197926B (en) * | 2020-10-08 | 2023-02-14 | 天津大学 | Structural member anti-seismic performance test method considering influence of corrosion environment and load history |
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