CN103907528B - A kind of control type Kiwi berry pollinating method and special pollination device thereof - Google Patents
A kind of control type Kiwi berry pollinating method and special pollination device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103907528B CN103907528B CN201310005374.8A CN201310005374A CN103907528B CN 103907528 B CN103907528 B CN 103907528B CN 201310005374 A CN201310005374 A CN 201310005374A CN 103907528 B CN103907528 B CN 103907528B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of control type Kiwi berry pollinating method, the method comprises: pollen collection, baking step; Separate the step of flower pesticide and pollen; Pollination step; Described pollination step is before pollination, ready pollen to be mixed in 1:10 ratio with flower pesticide, after stirring, packs pollination device into, and on top places a chip, and this chip has been isolated the contact area of pollen and the female chapiter 1/2nd of Kiwi berry. The method, according to kind difference, the different pollen pollination amounts of controlling of female flower style habit, reaches saving pollen, the object reducing costs; Meanwhile, change layout and the ratio of male and female plant in orchard, reduce staminiferous plant ratio, increase female plant ratio, the object that reach abundant pollination, increases output, increases the benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, relate to a kind of Kiwi berry pollinating method, particularly a kind of control type macaquePeach pollinating method and special pollination device thereof.
Background technology
Kiwi berry is 20th century one of emerging fruit, and it is to be rich in vitamin C and the multiple nutrition useful to human bodyComposition and trace element are and well-known, and Kiwi berry can medicine-food two-purpose, and health care is prolonged life, and local flavor is special, is described as " king of fruit ".
Main kiwifruit plant development state of the world is China at present, Italy, and New Zealand, Chile, France, Korea S, Japan,The U.S. etc. 57,500 hectares of Chinese Rhesus Monkeys peach cultivated areas, are the countries of area maximum in the world, still, and most of ChinaKiwifruit Culture variety and quality is poor, Cultivate administration technical merit is low, and fresh fruit quality is not good, almost there is no fresh fruit before 2003Outlet, on international Kiwi berry market, difficulty has one seat.
Chinese Rhesus Monkeys peach large area is produced and is started from the eighties in last century, and area has developed and approaches 150,000 hectares at present, becomesThe country of world's Kiwi berry area maximum, its area accounts for world's area and approaches 1/4th. Kiwi berry is produced with respect to other agriculturesIts benefit of product is very outstanding, and orchard worker's mu is taken in ten thousand yuan of general 1-2, ten thousand yuan of high reached at 3-5. Thereby developed in the last few years fastSuddenly. Along with the continuous enhancing of people to Kiwi berry nutritious health-care effect understanding, the space of Kiwi berry development can be larger. But, inThe output of state's Kiwi berry, especially quality can not be caught up with the development of world's Kiwi berry technology far away, especially do not catch up with China MiThe demand of the develop rapidly of monkey peach industry to technology. These limitation of the technology further developing of Kiwi berry and are promoted international competitionPower, therefore, strengthens scientific research, increases the dynamics of technological innovation, and innovation is applicable to China's national situation and Kiwi berry fast development, the new and high technology that is beneficial to popularization is the only way that solves the problem that China's Kiwi berry industry exists, be also promote international competingStrive the basic assurance of power.
Pollination technique is the key technology that Kiwi berry is produced, and is to improve Kiwi berry output, improves commodity rate, improves Kiwi berryQuality, the key technology reducing costs.
Kiwi berry is dioecism, and orchard worker generally carries out field collocation plantation by natural endowment male and female plant by 5-8:1, utilizesNatural conditions are carried out spontaneous pollination, but scientific research and production practices prove, like this pollination yield poorly, poor quality is subject to simultaneouslyThe restriction of the factors such as meteorological condition, the fruit of producing can not reach quality requirement, there is no in the international market competitiveness, necessaryTake artificial supplementary pollination technology. Artificial pollination technology has honeybee pollination, the pollination of wall honeybee, manually picks flowers directly to flower pollination, waterAgent sprays pollination and dry powder sprays the technology such as pollination. Test with production practices and show, front two pollination technique weak effects, are easily bulliedResemble factor restriction, be difficult to grasp and use in production, Section 3 technology Pollination Effect is best, but inefficiency can not carry outLarge-scale production, is unfavorable for that large area batch production produces, and is also unfavorable for that male and female plant divides to manage, and latter two technical efficiency is high, butPollination Effect is poor, can not fundamentally solve pollination quality problem. Therefore, research and development pollination quality is effective, cost is low,It is very necessary that high, the applicable Chinese Rhesus Monkeys peach industry of pollination efficiency is produced actual Kiwi pollinator.
At present the shortcoming of Kiwi pollinator is can not controlled pollination amount, does not utilize controlled pollination technology, can not solveSave pollen, reduce staminiferous plant ratio, increase female plant ratio and increase the object of output, can not be according to different cultivars characteristic, noWith female flower style habit controlled pollination amount.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned problems of the prior art and defect, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of control type macaquePeach pollinating method, the method, according to kind difference, the different pollen pollination amounts of controlling of female flower style habit, reaches and saves flowerPowder, the object of fully pollinating, reducing costs; Meanwhile, change layout and the ratio of male and female plant in orchard, reduce staminiferous plant ratio,Increase female plant ratio, reach increase output, the object of increasing the benefit.
In realization, the technical scheme of goal of the invention is a kind of control type Kiwi berry pollinating method, and the method comprises:
1) pollen collection, baking step;
2) step of separation flower pesticide and pollen;
3) pollination step;
It is characterized in that, described pollination step is by mixed in 1:10 ratio to ready pollen and flower pesticide before pollinationClose, after stirring, pack pollination device into, and on top place a chip, this chip has been isolated pollen and the female chapiter of Kiwi berryA contact area of/2nd.
The present invention also provides the control type Kiwi pollinator of realizing above-mentioned control type Kiwi berry pollinating method, by cylinderCylinder, lid and push-and-pull piston composition, the top of described cylindrical drum is connected with lid, and described push-and-pull piston stretches into described cylindrical drumInner chamber and move back and forth along the internal chamber wall of cylindrical drum, described push-and-pull piston stretches into the end face of one end of cylindrical drum inner chamber for flatFace, the other end is hand holding handle, and centre is cylinder, and this hand holding handle stretches out cylindrical outer tube, has also placed one in described cylindrical drumAccount for the chip of its port area 1/2nd.
The center line of described hand holding handle and push-and-pull piston is same straight line.
The diameter of the middle part barrel portion of described push-and-pull piston is less than the diameter of described cylindrical drum cylindrical shell.
The material of described Kiwi pollinator is rigid plastics or iron.
The principles of science of a kind of control type Kiwi berry of the present invention pollinating method:
Common 40 left and right of the female chapiter of Kiwi berry, according to controlled pollination experimental study, the fully order of magnitude of pollinationIndex is 11, accounts for 26% of total column cap, only needs 26% pollen while pollination. The method of controlling pollen consumption is to use different chipsThe area that isolation pollen contacts with column cap, thus reach the object of saving pollen; Break the normal procedure and build garden standard, change whole orchardMale and female plant ratio, increases per mu yield, improves the benefit that Kiwi berry is produced. Controlled pollination technology is fully pollinated according to Kiwi berryBasic theories, the one of research and development can controlled pollination amount, and reaches the object of abundant pollination, saves pollen, reduces maleThe strain ratio of planting, raises the efficiency, and ensures pollination quality, improves output, quality, the great innovation that fundamentally solves hormone abuseTechnology.
Control type Kiwi pollinator of the present invention is the effective carrier of controlled pollination technology, is a kind of technical stabilityGood, be not subject to natural environment influence efficiently, Kiwi pollinator cheaply.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of control type Kiwi pollinator of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of invention control type Kiwi pollinator chip.
Detailed description of the invention
1 one kinds of control type Kiwi berry pollinating methods of embodiment, comprise the following steps:
1, pollen collection:
1.1, pluck when 7-10 and be about to open and semi-open male flower in the morning;
1.2, take out male flower anther with toothbrush, tweezers, scissors etc. in time, and be placed in polybag;
1.3, temperature control is dried
Adopt one of following method to dry:
1.3.1, in time flower pesticide is made thinner and be less than 0.5cm and be placed in the accurate insulating box of temperature control and dry 15-24 hour, temperatureDegree is controlled 25-28 DEG C;
1.3.2 flower pesticide being made thinner is less than 0.3cm and puts on the table, at 100 watts of bulbs of the overhung apart from desktop 100cmIrradiate and dry flower pesticide, dry 20-24 hour;
2, separate flower pesticide and pollen
2.1, collect pollen: the flower pesticide of oven dry is gone out by the thin basket sieve of 100 order, and screenings is pollen, packs clean glass intoIn bottle, be stored in low temperature drying place stand-by;
2.2, collect flower pesticide: be that flower pesticide mill groove grinds by oversize, then sieve with 100 mesh sieves, until all flower pesticide grindsWear into screenings, collect stand-by.
3, pollination step
Described pollination step is before pollination, ready pollen to be mixed in 1:10 ratio with flower pesticide, after stirringPack pollination device into, and on top place a chip, this chip has been isolated connecing of pollen and the female chapiter 1/2nd of Kiwi berryTouch area.
Pack the powder of joining of ready bud and pollen into pollination device, put into afterwards suitable chip, can carry out artificialPollination. General cross or the sieve aperture core sheet of adopting, also can adopt annular chip; Cross chip controls 1/2nd pollination facesLong-pending, the total hole area of sieve aperture shape chip controls 1/2nd, screen number 6-12 hole, aperture 3mm-6mm.
Pollination time require the morning 7-11:30 divide and carry out, noon, afternoon, Pollination Effect was poor, fruit is little.
Under spontaneous pollination condition, Xu Xiang pollination column cap be greater than at 17 o'clock with contrast that full pollination really weighs and fruit type index without obviouslyDifference.
Under artificial pollination condition, Hayward pollination column cap be greater than at 11 o'clock with contrast that full pollination really weighs and fruit type index without brightSignificant difference is different.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 1 has provided the structural representation of control type Kiwi pollinator of the present invention, is lived by cylindrical drum 1, lid 2 and push-and-pullPlug 3 compositions, the top of described cylindrical drum 1 is connected with lid 2, and described push-and-pull piston 3 stretches into inner chamber the edge of described cylindrical drum 1The internal chamber wall of cylindrical drum 1 moves back and forth, and the end face that described push-and-pull piston 3 stretches into one end of cylindrical drum inner chamber is plane, the other endFor hand holding handle, centre is cylinder, and this hand holding handle stretches out outside cylindrical drum 1, has also placed one and account for its end in described cylindrical drum 1The chip 4 of open area 1/2nd, as shown in Fig. 2.
The center line of described hand holding handle and push-and-pull piston 3 is same straight line.
The diameter of the middle part barrel portion of described push-and-pull piston 3 is less than the diameter of described cylindrical drum 1 cylindrical shell.
The material of described Kiwi pollinator is rigid plastics or iron.
The planform of described chip 4 can be triangle, cross etc., is not subject to the restriction of the present embodiment.
Claims (2)
1. a control type Kiwi berry pollinating method, the method comprises:
1) pollen collection, baking step;
2) step of separation flower pesticide and pollen;
3) pollination step;
It is characterized in that, described pollination step is before pollination, ready pollen to be mixed in 1:10 ratio with flower pesticide, stirsAfter mixing evenly, pack pollination device into, and on top place a chip, this chip has been isolated two points of pollen and the female chapiters of Kiwi berryOne of contact area.
2. a control type Kiwi pollinator, is made up of the top of described cylindrical drum and lid cylindrical drum, lid and push-and-pull pistonSon is connected, and described push-and-pull piston stretches into the inner chamber of described cylindrical drum and moves back and forth described push-and-pull along the internal chamber wall of cylindrical drumThe end face that piston stretches into one end of cylindrical drum inner chamber is plane, and the other end is hand holding handle, and centre is cylinder, and this hand holding handle is stretchedGo out cylindrical outer tube, in described cylindrical drum, also placed a chip that accounts for its port area 1/2nd.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310005374.8A CN103907528B (en) | 2013-01-08 | 2013-01-08 | A kind of control type Kiwi berry pollinating method and special pollination device thereof |
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| CN201310005374.8A CN103907528B (en) | 2013-01-08 | 2013-01-08 | A kind of control type Kiwi berry pollinating method and special pollination device thereof |
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| CN103907528A CN103907528A (en) | 2014-07-09 |
| CN103907528B true CN103907528B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104756857A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-07-08 | 贵州大学 | Direction-changing telescopic kiwifruit pollen contact pollination device |
| CN104770289A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-07-15 | 四川中新农业科技有限公司 | Method for making pollen and pollinating flowers under large-scale planting condition |
| CN106613906A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-05-10 | 巫溪县茶园子种植专业合作社 | Artificial pollination method for kiwi fruits |
Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201894103U (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2011-07-13 | 西北农林科技大学 | Kiwi pollinator |
| CN202061817U (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2011-12-07 | 陕西省农村科技开发中心 | Kiwi fruit pollen separator |
| CN102370127A (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2012-03-14 | 杨声谋 | Method for industrial production of fresh and alive pollen by centralized growing of male flowers of kiwi fruit |
| CN103392588A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-11-20 | 恩施州益寿天然果品有限公司 | Kiwi fruit suspension liquid atomizing artificial pollination method |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008072902A (en) * | 2006-09-19 | 2008-04-03 | Akita Prefecture | Liquid pollination method and preparation using the same |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102370127A (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2012-03-14 | 杨声谋 | Method for industrial production of fresh and alive pollen by centralized growing of male flowers of kiwi fruit |
| CN201894103U (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2011-07-13 | 西北农林科技大学 | Kiwi pollinator |
| CN202061817U (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2011-12-07 | 陕西省农村科技开发中心 | Kiwi fruit pollen separator |
| CN103392588A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-11-20 | 恩施州益寿天然果品有限公司 | Kiwi fruit suspension liquid atomizing artificial pollination method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 日本的猕猴桃人工授粉技术;管良明;《落叶果树》;20021231(第5期);第60页左栏第3段、右栏第2-3段 * |
| 猕猴桃人工授粉技术研究;刘旭峰等;《西北农业学报》;20021231;第11卷(第3期);第91-93页 * |
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Granted publication date: 20160511 Termination date: 20170108 |