CN103887131B - A kind of 600kw gas discharge electron gun and using method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of 600kw gas discharge electron gun and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103887131B CN103887131B CN201210555434.9A CN201210555434A CN103887131B CN 103887131 B CN103887131 B CN 103887131B CN 201210555434 A CN201210555434 A CN 201210555434A CN 103887131 B CN103887131 B CN 103887131B
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Abstract
The gas discharge electron gun of a kind of 600kw, includes the rifle base of the rifle cover on top, the gun body at middle part and bottom；Gun body has electron gun core and an anode；It is focus coil and deflection scanning coil below anode, and arranges focusing magnetic lenses；Described electron gun rifle core, anode, focus coil and deflection scanning coil all arrange cooling water channel；Cold cathode cylinder is built-in with the electron gun core being made up of monomer cathode block, and this electron gun core is by the outer connected control system of a cable, one sealed gas chamber of formation around electron gun core and anode；Arranging the gas charging system of an opened loop control, this gas charging system can be filled with hydrogen and oxygen in sealed gas chamber.It can be substantially reduced manufacturing cost and use cost, simple to operate, and working strength is low and operating efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electron beam furnace electron gun, espespecially one is drawn by glow discharge principle
The peak power of bundle is up to 600kw gas discharge electron gun and using method.
Background technology
Electron gun is a kind of device accelerating electron bombardment target, and it is launched has certain energy, certain
Line and speed and the electron beam of angle, this electron beam by the focusing of electronics light path system, deflection and
Figure set in advance is formed after scanning.Powerful electron gun is used for smelting equipment, be mainly used in W,
In the purification of the polysilicon dephosphorization of the refractory metals such as Mo, Ta, Nb and photovoltaic industry.
Traditional electron-beam melting gun is all to use hot-cathode electric rifle, and its structure constitutes usually:
1., firstly the need of having negative electrode, anode and filament, three automatically controlled cables and corresponding need to be arranged for this
Control system；2., for ensureing condition of high vacuum degree, two sets of molecular pump to be separately configured+sliding vane rotary pump unit are true
Do-nothing system；3. place at least two set focusing magnetic lenses and focusing magnetic lenses coil thereof in vacuum chamber and deflection is swept
Retouch coil, and be all equipped with cooling jacket.Its operation principle and method of operating be: reaches high vacuum in rifle room
During state, first electron gun filament is heated to a certain temperature, then by the negative electrode of electron gun and lamp
Plus certain electrostatic field between Si, cause the electronics on filament to overflow the negative electrode to electron gun and heat；With
The reason of sample, when gun cathode is heated to a certain temperature, between the negative electrode and anode of electron gun
In addition high-voltage electrostatic field, the rifle core of electron gun will draw the high-power electron beam that melting needs, then electronics
Restraint and directly bombard on material after controlling management by electronics light path system, and then complete material is melted
Refining.The watt level of electron beam needs to be adjusted according to actual melting situation, hot-cathode electric rifle merit
The size adjusting method of rate is generally individually first to regulate main high pressure, and the secondary high pressure of regulation, finally regulates lamp the most again
Silk electric current；Or the regulation order of former three is exchanged, often will regulation these three parameter repeatedly to meet
The requirement of required watt level.
I.e. can be seen that from the regulation of the operation principle power of hot-cathode electric rifle, this electron gun wants normal
Need of work following items condition, one is high vacuum；Two is to need filament supply, secondary high voltage power supply and master
High voltage power supply；Three is to need to operate employee to have higher experimental technology.The precondition that three above is basic
Determine electron gun system and need to configure fine pumping system, filament transformer, secondary high-tension transformer etc.
The appliance arrangements such as power-supply system and more experienced operation employee.Therefore, hot-cathode electric rifle structure is multiple
Miscellaneous, the accuracy of manufacture requires higher, and preparation auxiliary equipment is more, technical ability, skill requirement to operating personnel
Height, corresponding manufacturing cost and use cost is higher.
Along with the fast development of industry, configuration at present uses the product that the equipment of hot-cathode electric rifle is produced
Competitiveness glided, for this situation, the present inventor always be devoted to develop and exploitation can save
Save the gas discharge cold-cathode gun of the small volume of manufacturing cost and use cost.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of 600kw gas discharge electron gun, it can be substantially reduced manufacture
And use cost, simple to operate, working strength is low and operating efficiency is high.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following design:
The gas discharge electron gun of a kind of 600kw, includes the rifle cover on top, the gun body at middle part and bottom
Rifle base；The gun body at middle part has an electron gun core and works together with rifle core and form electron beam
Anode；It is to be contained in the focus coil on rifle base and deflection scanning coil successively below anode, and is equipped
Focus on magnetic lenses；Described electron gun rifle core, anode, focus coil and deflection scanning coil all arrange cold
But water route；
The gun body at described middle part can form brightness in being contained in the large cylinder under rifle cover by one and be built in large cylinder
The cold cathode cylinder combination of light electric discharge is constituted, and cold cathode cylinder is built-in with cathode electron gun core, this cold cathode electron
Rifle core is made up of monomer cathode block, and this monomer cathode block is by the outer connected control system of a cable, at electronics
Rifle core is formed around a sealed gas chamber with anode；Arranging the gas charging system of an opened loop control, this fills
Gas system can be filled with hydrogen and oxygen in sealed gas chamber；Equipped with the closing of cathode block above cold cathode cylinder
Cooling water unit device and the sealing fixture of fixing cold-cathode gun core.
In the gas discharge electron gun of described 600kw, the cooling water channel of described anode is close to this sealed gas chamber,
Aeration quantity and the inflation ratio thereof that can monitor this opened loop control gas charging system is arranged in this cooling water channel
Thermocouple.
In the gas discharge electron gun of described 600kw, in the hydrogen being passed through in described sealed gas chamber and oxygen,
Hydrogen is at least 95%, and remaining is oxygen.
In the gas discharge electron gun of described 600kw, keep the environmental pressure in cold cathode cylinder be 0.1～
15Pa。
In the gas discharge electron gun of described 600kw, it is vacuum focusing on the center with deflection scanning coil
Thin cylinder, the thin cylinder of this vacuum is simultaneously equipped with the water that can cool down focus coil and deflection scanning coil.
In the gas discharge electron gun of described 600kw, fitted around anti-discharge stainless at cold cathode cylinder
Steel loop.
In the gas discharge electron gun of described 600kw, the closing cooling water unit device of described cathode block is
Some circle cooling water pipes that dish is located in rifle cover.
In the gas discharge electron gun of described 600kw, only arrange a set of focusing magnetic lenses and supporting one group
Focus on magnetic lenses coil and deflection scanning coil.
The focusing magnetic lenses coil of the gas discharge electron gun of described 600kw and deflection scanning coil are all placed on
Outside vacuum, and added with water jacket.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the using method of a kind of 600kw gas discharge electron gun, its
Operating power maximum under conditions of simple in construction, low cost of manufacture is still up to 600kw, and can stablize
Work.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following design:
The using method of a kind of above-mentioned 600kw gas discharge electron gun, is the gas discharge at 600kw
Electron gun work before, first pass through gas flowmeter electron gun rifle room (sealed gas chamber) is flushed with hydrogen gas and
Oxygen, adjust rifle room vacuum degree control between 0.1～15Pa, grasp hydrogen content 95% with
On, in the gas discharge electron gun of 600kw works, when the temperature that rifle is indoor is too high, rifle room is filled
Enter oxygen, reduce till rifle room temperature reaches required (the highest do not surpass 80 DEG C).
The gas discharge electron gun of 600kw of the present invention is relative to current electron gun both domestic and external (hot cathode rifle)
For there is great advantage place, it can be substantially reduced manufacturing cost and use cost, simple to operate, solve
Current electronic rifle of having determined operates when regulating watt level that lengthy and tedious complexity, working strength be big, inefficiency
Etc. drawback, thus substantially increase use value and the range of electron beam furnace, to promoting industry
Development and raising industrial level can make significant contribution.
The invention have the advantage that
1. can be greatly saved manufacturing cost and use cost；
2. structure is both simple, and operation facilitates again；
3. working stability and use cost are relatively low；
4. relative thermal cathode electron gun range of application is wider (can work when vacuum is relatively low)；
5. owing to focusing on magnetic lenses coil only with a set of focusing magnetic lenses and supporting one group and deflection is swept
Retouch coil, so volume is little, add global design feasible of many electron guns of an electron beam furnace
Property, save the energy, with low cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the gas discharge electron gun structure schematic diagram of 600kw of the present invention.
In figure: 1-rifle cover；2-water pipe；3-high tension shackle insulator；4-sealing fixture；5-cold cathode cylinder；
The stainless steel ring that 6-is anti-discharge；7-large cylinder；8-gas charging system；9-anode；10-thermocouple；11-gathers
Focal line circle；12-deflection scanning coil；The thin cylinder of 13-vacuum；14-rifle room.
Detailed description of the invention
As it is shown in figure 1, the present invention is to draw the 600kw gas discharge electronics of bundle by glow discharge principle
Rifle, comprising: be topmost rifle cover 1, rifle cover 1 inner disc has the multi-turn water pipe 2(envelope as cathode block
Close cooling water unit device), to increase water pipe resistance, equipped with large cylinder 7 under rifle cover, large cylinder fills
Having the gas charging system 8 of opened loop control, it is primarily used to adjust electron gun watt level and regulation rifle room temperature
Degree.Being located high tension shackle insulator 3 on large cylinder, large cylinder is built with the key forming glow discharge
Part cold cathode cylinder 5, fixes equipped with the sealing closing cooling water and fixing cold cathode on cold cathode cylinder 5
Part 4, equipped with two water pipes of one-in-and-one-out in sealing fixture 4, these two water pipes and rifle cover 1 inner disc
Some multi-turn water pipes 2 form the chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) of circulation, fitted around anti-discharge at cold cathode cylinder 5
Stainless steel ring 6, equipped with anode 9 under large cylinder, the top end of this anode 9 is the most right with cold cathode cylinder 5；
Single cooling backwater water route is had, equipped with the thermocouple 10 of thermometric on this backwater water route on anode 9
Further aeration quantity and inflation ratio thereof are controlled, in the case of high pressure is certain, for guaranteeing merit
Rate reaches 600kw, should adjust rifle room vacuum degree control between 0.1～15Pa, and wherein hydrogen content exists
More than 95%, when the temperature that rifle is indoor is too high, rifle room is filled with appropriate oxygen, rifle room temperature can be reduced
Degree.Equipped with focus coil 11 below anode, equipped with deflection scanning coil 12 below focus coil 11,
The thin cylinder of vacuum is put at the center of focus coil and deflection scanning coil.
The described focus coil 11 being contained in outside the electronics thin cylinder of light path vacuum and deflection scanning coil 12 are all provided with
Outside vacuum chamber, the water in the thin cylinder of vacuum carry out coil is cooled down.
The inventive point of the present invention is: equipped with opened loop control gas charging system 8, and it is to cold-cathode gun
Inputting hydrogen and oxygen in the sealed gas chamber 14 of core work, by adjusting aeration quantity and the ratio of two kinds of gases
Example controls watt level and the stability of electron gun, according to glow discharge principle, in the feelings that high pressure is certain
Under condition, by being passed through the power adjusting electron gun at most with ratio of gas, this operation is open loop control
System, on binding operation panel, watt level and the smelting technology of display require to two kinds of gases at most
And ratio is adjusted, to meet actual demand；In the case of high pressure is certain, for guaranteeing that power reaches
To 600kw, should adjust rifle room vacuum degree control between 0.1～15Pa, the temperature indoor when rifle is too high
Time, rifle room is filled with appropriate oxygen, to reduce rifle room temperature.
Another inventive point of the present invention is: the kind of the two kinds of gases being passed through and using method.Adjust electricity
The two kinds of gases being passed through during sub-rifle watt level are hydrogen and oxygen, and wherein the content proportion of hydrogen is
More than 95, oxygen is used for adjusting stability and the watt level of electron gun.
Another inventive point of the present invention is: designs this electron gun and can be operated in the building ring of 0.1 15Pa
In border.According to the test simulation of glow discharge principle He our reality, show that electron gun can be in this scope
Interior steady operation.This characteristic of cold-cathode gun can save original on hot-cathode electric rifle completely
The two set molecular pump+sliding vane rotary pump unit vacuum systems being separately configured, are greatly saved manufacturing cost and use
Cost.Electron gun works at this pressure, the vacuum (one of its internal pressure body of heater to be significantly larger than
As at about 5 × E-3Pa), therefore the volatile matter in body of heater will not fly into electron gun under this pressure differential
In, it is ensured that the cleanliness factor of electron gun rifle room, thus ensure that electron gun be difficult to electric discharge etc., it is ensured that
Job stability.
An other inventive point of the present invention is: use a set of focusing magnetic lenses.With hot-cathode electric rifle phase
Ratio, the working vacuum degree of cold-cathode gun is relatively low, it is not necessary that use the two of the use of hot-cathode electric rifle
Set or three overlaps the mode of magnetic lenses, and every electron gun has saved the most a set of magnetic lenses and focusing power supply,
And on electron gun, eliminate observation window structure, eliminate video camera, LCDs and signal simultaneously and pass
Defeated processing systems etc., greatly reduce again cost at this, and it is the most simpler, convenient to operate, outward appearance
More attractive in appearance.
An other inventive point of the present invention is: focuses on magnetic lenses coil deflection scanning coil and is placed on outside vacuum,
And added with water jacket.Avoid coil high-temperature outgassing in vacuum chamber, the drawback such as class of insulation reduction, extend
Service life of coil.
The another inventive point of the present invention is: cold-cathode gun only one of which cathode block, without filament cathode
Structure.The cathode block of cold cathode rifle can make of common conductive material, it is to avoid the negative electrode of hot cathode rifle
Block can only use the high cost occupation mode that noble metal manufactures, and the working environment around emission electron sources
Temperature can be substantially reduced, and requires to be substantially reduced to water cooled seal, it is easier to realize seal request.Without filament
Structure, thus eliminate filament transformer and secondary high-tension transformer and corresponding control system thereof, at this again
Once it is greatly saved cost.
An other inventive point of the present invention is: only use a cable.Due to cold-cathode gun
The advantage of principle, has only to connect a cable on electron gun, and comparing hot-cathode electric rifle needs three
Cable (wherein heater current is relatively big, so the cable that required cable needs is thicker), cable
Cost be substantially reduced, the labour intensity of workman is also decreased obviously.
An other inventive point of the present invention is: outer equipped with anti-discharge ring at cathode block.Outside anti-discharge ring
Using suitable radian and preferable fineness, anti-discharge ring structure is simple, but anti-discharge effect is the brightest
Aobvious, it is to avoid not use in the case of anti-discharge ring frequently electric discharge to break the phenomenon of high-tension porcelain insulator.
An other inventive point of the present invention is: the side that cathode block cooling water pipe helical disk in rifle cover sets
Formula.The negative electrode of cold-cathode gun needs to carry out water-cooled, but cold cathode connects is the high pressure of 50,000 volts,
Need to lengthen cooling water pipe resistance, at rifle cover built with spirality multilayer water pipe, compact conformation, reach
Both artistic and practical purpose.Wire leading method is convenient, reduces the labour intensity of workman, it is often more important that
Electrion phenomenon is stopped because the structure of rifle cover improves.
The present invention utilizes glow discharge principle successfully to have developed the cold-cathode gun that power is 600kw.Logical
After crossing the test of the most rigorous computer sim-ulation and repeatedly proving, according to the operation principle pair of glow discharge
The electron emissive system of electron gun (focusing system, deflection and scanning system and cooling system etc. are designed,
Successfully be developed into can steady operation at the smelting cold cathode electron gun of 600kw power capability.Significantly
Reduce use cost, make the equipment cost of this costliness of electron beam furnace substantially reduce, along with the fall of cost
Low, its range expands the most rapidly, and the modernization development promoting industry is made that significant contribution.
The various embodiments described above can be in the most some changes, therefore above explanation
Comprised and the structure shown in accompanying drawing be should be regarded as exemplary, and be not used to limit applying for a patent of the present invention
Scope.
Claims (6)
1. a gas discharge electron gun of 600kw, includes the rifle base of the rifle cover on top, the gun body at middle part and bottom；The gun body at middle part has an electron gun core and works together with rifle core and form the anode of electron beam；It is to be contained in the focus coil on rifle base and deflection scanning coil successively below anode, and is equipped with focusing magnetic lenses；Described electron gun core, anode, focus coil and deflection scanning coil all arrange cooling water channel；It is characterized in that:
The gun body at described middle part can form the cold cathode cylinder combination of glow discharge and constitute in being contained in the large cylinder under rifle cover by one and be built in large cylinder, cold cathode cylinder is built-in with cathode electron gun core, this cathode electron gun core is made up of monomer cathode block, this monomer cathode block is by the outer connected control system of a cable, it is formed around a sealed gas chamber at electron gun core and anode, the cooling water channel of described anode is close to this sealed gas chamber, arranges an aeration quantity that can monitor opened loop control gas charging system and the thermocouple of inflation ratio thereof in the cooling water channel of this anode；Arranging the gas charging system of an opened loop control, this gas charging system can be filled with hydrogen and oxygen in sealed gas chamber, and in the hydrogen being passed through and oxygen, hydrogen is at least 95%, and remaining is oxygen；Water unit device and the sealing fixture of fixed negative pole electron gun core is cooled down equipped with closing of cathode block above cold cathode cylinder.
The gas discharge electron gun of 600kw the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: keeping the environmental pressure in cold cathode cylinder is 0.1～15Pa.
The gas discharge electron gun of 600kw the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: put the thin cylinder of vacuum, equipped with the water that focus coil and deflection scanning coil can be cooled down in the thin cylinder of this vacuum at the center with deflection scanning coil that focuses on.
The gas discharge electron gun of 600kw the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: at the fitted around anti-discharge stainless steel ring of cold cathode cylinder.
The gas discharge electron gun of 600kw the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cooling water unit device of closing of described cathode block is some circle cooling water pipes that helical disk is located in rifle cover.
The gas discharge electron gun of 600kw the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: focus on magnetic lenses coil and deflection scanning coil only with a set of focusing magnetic lenses and supporting one group.
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| CN201210555434.9A CN103887131B (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | A kind of 600kw gas discharge electron gun and using method thereof |
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| CN201210555434.9A CN103887131B (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | A kind of 600kw gas discharge electron gun and using method thereof |
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| CN103887131A CN103887131A (en) | 2014-06-25 |
| CN103887131B true CN103887131B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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| CN104505325B (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-08-17 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | A kind of high voltage gas discharge electron gun arrangements |
| CN104538273B (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-07-27 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | The supply unit of high voltage cold-cathode gas discharge electron gun and control method thereof |
| CN104635617B (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2017-03-15 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | Cold-cathode gun electromagnetic control system and its control method |
| CN105590816B (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2018-01-19 | 宁波鑫利成真空科技有限公司 | A kind of cold cathode great-power electronic beam rifle |
| LV15213B (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-04-20 | Kepp Eu, Sia | Gaseous-discharge electron-beam gun |
| CN109202071B (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2020-09-08 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Electron gun device |
| CN109065421B (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2023-12-26 | 核工业理化工程研究院 | Built-in waterway type electron gun body and cooling method |
| CN110592390A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-12-20 | 云南昆钢电子信息科技有限公司 | Cold cathode electron gun control system and control method |
| CN110468286B (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2021-02-05 | 云南昆钢电子信息科技有限公司 | Cold cathode electron gun smelting furnace control system and metal ingot smelting method |
| CN114334587A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-12 | 广州赛隆增材制造有限责任公司 | Electron gun |
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| US4019091A (en) * | 1974-05-30 | 1977-04-19 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Gas discharge electron gun for generating an electron beam by means of a glow discharge |
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| CN103887131A (en) | 2014-06-25 |
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Effective date of registration: 20190626 Address after: 101407 No. 11 Xingke East Street, Yanqi Economic Development Zone, Huairou District, Beijing Patentee after: Research Institute of engineering and Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: No. 2, Xinjie street, Xicheng District, Beijing, Beijing Patentee before: General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals |
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