CN103878704B - A kind of equipment utilizing optical-fiber laser dressing compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel - Google Patents
A kind of equipment utilizing optical-fiber laser dressing compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN103878704B CN103878704B CN201410048565.7A CN201410048565A CN103878704B CN 103878704 B CN103878704 B CN 103878704B CN 201410048565 A CN201410048565 A CN 201410048565A CN 103878704 B CN103878704 B CN 103878704B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of equipment utilizing optical-fiber laser dressing compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel, this equipment comprises optical fiber laser (1), single-mode fiber (2), laser ablation head (3), two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4), computer (5), laser control plate (13), it is characterized in that: optical fiber laser (1) is placed on experiment porch, the laser beam that optical fiber laser (1) exports conducts through single-mode fiber (2), be coupled to the laser ablation head (3) with standard isolator, laser beam acts on wheel face after the condenser lens (16) that focal length is 100 ~ 180mm focuses on.The present invention solves the difficult problem that traditional dressing method is difficult to realize compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel high efficiency, accurate dressing, and simultaneously optical-fiber laser dressing equipment possesses that volume is little, easy to carry, the ability that is suitable for controls by force, in real time, flexible high distinguishing feature.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to a kind of laser dressing emery wheel equipment, particularly relate to a kind of equipment of optical-fiber laser dressing compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel.
BACKGROUND
Compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel is with diamond, cubic boron nitride particle etc. for abrasive material, and metal, resin etc. are bonding agent, adopt high temperature sintering or electro-plating method manufacture based on the emery wheel of grinding, polishing, attrition process.Its bond strength is high, good moldability, wearability and thermal conductivity good, high temperature resistant, long service life, and larger load can be born, because it has excellent grinding performance, become the effective tool of contour firmly crisp, the high hardness material of Pattern In Grinding Cemented Carbide, pottery, glass, jewel, agate, concrete, hardened steel, chilled cast iron.But it belongs to dense sintering or electrodeposition-type emery wheel, this kind of emery wheel owing to holding bits, chip space is little, and when lacking grinding, work the pore holding bits and cooling effect, add the plasticity of metal, its self-sharpening is poor, grinding efficiency is low, easily blocks heating, and " sticky bits " phenomenon occurs, need frequent shaping and dressing, and finishing is very difficult.The crushing of compact-type binding agent ultra hard generally includes shaping and dressing two procedures.Laser shaping refers to and carries out micro cutting to wheel face, makes the geometrical precision that emery wheel reaches required, and makes the most advanced and sophisticated trickle fragmentation of abrasive particle, forms sharp sharpening.Laser dressing refers to the bonding agent removed between abrasive particle, forms certain chip space, and make sharpening protrude from outside bonding agent surface between abrasive particle, is formed and cuts micro-sword.Carrying out finishing key to emery wheel is to obtain higher plastic precision and good wheel face topography and geomorphology, higher plastic precision can ensure that the surface quality of grinding workpiece and dimensional accuracy meet the requirements, good wheel face topography and geomorphology can guarantee that bonding agent has strong hold to abrasive particle, sufficient chip space is had during grinding, be convenient to the inflow of grinding fluid, prevent workpiece from sticking with paste plug, burn.There is the difficult problems such as finishing overlong time, finishing difficulty is large, dressing efficiency is extremely low in current compact-type binding agent ultra hard crushing, the present invention has very high adaptability.
The dressing method that current compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel is conventional mainly contains: electrolysis online dressing method (ELID), online spark discharge dressing method, soft elasticity dressing method, free abrasive dressing method, expulsion pressure dressing method, magnetic grind erosion dressing method, ultrasonic vibration dressing method etc.Above dressing method is adopted to there is following limitation:
(1) efficiency is not high.
(2) narrow range adapted to.Such as, electrolysis and electric spark method only can be used for the emery wheel of metallic bond, and can not be used for the emery wheel of resinoid bond.
(3) loss of dressing tool is large, and the form error of dressing tool is easily rerun a movie, workpiece goes, the dressing accuracy of emery wheel is not high, is difficult to form enough chip spaces.
(4) equipment is huge, is inconvenient to carry, and adapts to enterprise's production environment ability.
(5) not too friendly to environment.Such as, grinding fluid and electrolyte to equipment and environment unfavorable.
(6) electricity conversion aspect, YAG solid state laser only about 3%, CO
2laser instrument electricity conversion only has about 10%, and the optoelectronic transformation efficiency of optical-fiber laser is more than 25%; In electric power consumption, matched cooling system, maintenance cost etc., the Dominant Facies of optical-fiber laser is when obvious.
The method of some crushings is also disclosed in prior art, such as disclosed in 5 days November in 2003, publication number is " CN1453103A ", the patent of invention that denomination of invention is " form grinding emery wheel restoring on line method " discloses a kind of form grinding emery wheel restoring on line method, which solve method for trimming in the past long for invalid process time, the problem that grinding accuracy is too low, but still there is following problem in this technical scheme: and this device can only be applicable to Gear Processing, spline machining.Disclosed in 12 days January in 2005, publication number is " CN1562566A ", the patent of invention that denomination of invention is " metal bonded wheel On-line electrolytic dissolution grinding dressing method and device thereof " discloses a kind of metal bonded wheel On-line electrolytic dissolution grinding dressing method and device thereof, which solve the submicron order even online precise dressing of nano level superfine granularity emery wheel, but still there is following problem in this technical scheme: lower, bulky for correction of the flank shape efficiency the thick correction of the flank shape that bias is larger, cost is higher.Disclosed in 2 days March in 2005, publication number is " CN1586816A ", denomination of invention is the device and method that " device and method of continuous laser sharpening resin binder grinding wheel " patent of invention discloses a kind of continuous laser sharpening resin binder grinding wheel, which provide a kind of laser trimming device of sharpening resin binder grinding wheel, but still there is following problem in this technical scheme: adopt CO
2laser instrument, electricity conversion is low, and electric power consumption does height, volume is large, carries inconvenience, and control emery wheel feeding with belt pulley, its dressing accuracy is low, and adopt continuous laser, controllability is very poor.Disclosed in 12 days Mays in 2010, publication number is " CN201455807U ", the patent of invention that denomination of invention is " laser finishing device for grinding wheel " discloses a kind of laser finishing device for grinding wheel, which provide and a kind ofly effectively can improve dressing accuracy and the laser finishing device of super-abrasive grinding wheel can be repaired, but still there is following problem in this technical scheme: for trimming device but not dressing equipment, dressing process adopts program control, can not realize the real-time control to crushing, the finishing time is relatively long.Disclosed on 05 30th, 2012, application number is " CN202240906U ", the patent of invention that denomination of invention is " edm forming emery wheel restoring on line device " discloses a kind of forming grinding wheel dressing device, which solve existing forming grinding wheel restoring on line device volume larger, be not suitable for the problem of forming grinding wheel being carried out to restoring on line in some ultra-precision machine tool grinding systems, but still there is following problem in this technical scheme: this device dressing efficiency is low, can not realize real-time control.Disclosed in 14 days November in 2012, publication number is " CN102773803A ", and denomination of invention is the precise dressing method that the patent of invention of " large abrasive particle skive precise dressing method " discloses a kind of large abrasive particle skive, and it is by using Cr
12bloom and cup-shaped diamond roller are repaired electroplating abrasion wheel, solve the problem that efficiency is low, cost is high that existing traditional Precision Machining hard brittle material exists, but still there is following problem in this technical scheme: dressing tool loss is serious, grain surface easily causes mechanical damage, simultaneously the form error of dressing tool easily rerun a movie to be trimmed concave curved surface emery wheel working surface on go, this device can only be applicable to large abrasive particle diamond grinding wheel dressing.
In existing document, a left side is honest surely waits people at the CO of skive
2pulse laser dressing research (" mechanical engineering " the 35th volume the 2nd phase, in April, 1999), have studied laser pulse frequency and the isoparametric impact of dutycycle by experiment.The people such as Li Ying are in the research (" aviation Precision Manufacturing Technology " the 31st volume the 3rd phase, December nineteen ninety-five) of laser dressing resin-based prototyping composites, and adopt Nd:YAG100W laser instrument, it is feasible for demonstrating Laser Dressing Process of Resinoid Bonded Wheel.The people such as Li Xiaotian are in experimental study (" aviation Precision Manufacturing Technology " the 35th volume the 6th phase of Laser Dressing Process of Resinoid Bonded Wheel, in December, 1999), using pulsed YAG laser to carry out dressing experimental study to resin bond wheel, there is a suitable dressing parameter area in Laser Dressing Process of Resinoid Bonded Wheel.The people such as Kang Renkuan are in laser dressing technical research (" China Mechanical Engineering " the 11st volume the 5th phase of super-abrasive grinding wheel, in May, 2000), Nd:YAG solid pulse laser is utilized to carry out the test of laser dressing bronze binding agent and resinoid bond super-abrasive grinding wheel, the dressing loss of super hard abrasive is few, dressing efficiency is high, easily realizing automation, is a kind of up-and-coming emery wheel dressing technology.The people such as Chen Ming are at the application of laser technology in emery wheel dressing (" manufacturing technology and lathe ", in September, 2000), employing YAG laser carries out dressing to emery wheel by experiment, investigate the variation characteristic such as abrasive particle projecting height and Effective grains' number before and after emery wheel dressing, the different dressing effect relatively obtained under different laser dressing parameters, it is feasible for demonstrating the dressing that laser technology is applied to resin bond wheel, indicates that the optimization of laser dressing technological parameter is the guarantee obtaining good dressing effect.The people such as Chen Genyu are in acousto-optic Q modulation YAG pulse laser dressing and shaping bronze skive (" mechanical engineering journal " the 41st volume the 4th phase, in April, 2005), acousto-optic Q modulation yttrium-aluminium-garnet pulse laser radial spoke is adopted to shine, dressing and shaping bronze skive, by setting up thermal conduction study Mathematical Modeling and numerical computations and single laser pulse ablation test, analyze dressing and shaping mechanism, have found laser parameter and the technological parameter of rational dressing and shaping, obtain good finishing effect.The people such as Wang Xuyue are in bronze binding agent Laser Dressing Diamond Grinding Wheel experimental study (" Journal of Dalian University of Technology Total " the 47th volume the 6th phase, in November, 2007), with YAG pulse laser, dressing experimental study is carried out to bronze binding agent skive, for improving laser dressing effect, propose the auxiliary method of blowing of intersecting, experimental study laser power density and defocusing amount are on the impact of bonding agent removal effect.The people such as Chen Genyu, at pulsed optical fibre laser dressing bronze skive (" Chinese laser " the 40th volume the 7th phase, in July, 2013), adopt Ultra-short Fiber Laser, have carried out system research to the dressing of skive.The mechanism of theory analysis pulse laser dressing bronze skive, the experimental study situation of multi-shot laser ablation bronze wheel, summarizes the affecting laws of laser parameter to ablation effect.
Although above-mentioned experimental technique theoretical research all achieves certain achievement, also there is a big difference with practical application, all do not develop a kind of efficient, precision, little, easy to carry, the real-time control of volume, dressing equipment that flexibility is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of efficient, precision, little, easy to carry, the real-time control of volume, flexible high compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel optical-fiber laser dressing equipment, be difficult to realize that compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel is efficient, a difficult problem for precision, dressing easy to carry to solve traditional dressing method.
Technical scheme of the present invention is to provide a kind of equipment utilizing optical-fiber laser dressing compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel, this equipment comprises optical fiber laser, single-mode fiber, laser ablation head, two dimension NC auto electric platforms, computer, laser control plate, it is characterized in that: optical fiber laser is placed on experiment porch, the single-mode fiber conduction of the laser beam band protective metal shell that optical fiber laser exports, be coupled to laser ablation head with standard isolator, laser beam acts on wheel face after the condenser lens that focal length is 100 ~ 180mm focuses on; Laser ablation head is arranged on two dimension NC auto electric platforms by ablation head gripper, side spray valve is arranged on ablation head gripper, compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel is arranged on surface grinding machine, laser control plate is connected with optical fiber laser by data wire, two dimension NC auto electric platforms is connected with computer by data wire, and the computer that moves through of two dimension NC auto electric platforms controls.
Further, compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel comprises resinoid bond and metal bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel at present.
Further, laser ablation head comprises laser head, ablation head main body, condenser lens, condenser lens pressure ring, protective lens, protective lens pressure ring, coaxial valve, coaxial injection well and air inlet screwed hole, wherein, laser head and ablation head main body are linked together by retaining thread hole by hold-down screw, condenser lens is placed on the boss of ablation head main body inside, condenser lens pressure ring is placed on condenser lens, protective lens is placed on condenser lens pressure ring, by protective lens pressure ring by condenser lens, condenser lens pressure ring and protective lens are fixed, by screw thread, coaxial valve is installed, coaxial valve realizes coaxial blowing function in laser ablation process by air inlet screwed hole and coaxial injection well.
Further, laser ablation head is arranged on two dimension NC auto electric platforms by ablation head gripper, and two dimension NC auto electric platforms lower end is two motorized precision translation stages, and one of them motorized precision translation stage is used for auto-focusing, and another motorized precision translation stage is used for axial feed.Adding man-hour by regulating the radial motion of two dimension NC auto electric platforms, making laser beam foucing position be positioned at wheel face,
The invention also discloses a kind of method of dressing hard grinding wheel, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) switch on power, to surface grinding machine, optical fiber laser, two dimension NC auto electric platforms, laser control plate, computer energising;
(2) grinding machine is opened, make grinding machine X-axis, Y-axis, Z axis gets back to initial value, open optical fiber laser and guide photoswitch, optical fiber laser (1) sends guiding ruddiness, adjustment grinding machine moves up and down, make guiding ruddiness along emery wheel radial direction, open two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4) control system in computer (5), the motion controlling two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4) makes laser ablation head (3) perpendicular contact wheel face, and computer (5) arranges two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4) controling parameters, and operation control system realizes the auto-focusing of laser facula;
(3) ruddiness will be guided to move to the marginal point A of emery wheel side by two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4) control system, by two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4) control system adjustment laser ablation head (3) axial stroke, guiding ruddiness is made to move to the marginal point B point of emery wheel side, namely the axially-movable of laser ablation head (3) covers the whole width of emery wheel, again by guiding ruddiness move to the marginal point A of emery wheel side and keep the position data of A, B 2, close two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4) control system;
(4) according to the type treating dressing emery wheel, regulate laser control on-board power knob, frequency knob and timing knob, laser average output power, pulse recurrence frequency and bright dipping time are set;
(5) start grinding machine, emery wheel is rotated, and according to treating the type of dressing emery wheel, grinding wheel speed is set;
(6) according to type and the trim amount for the treatment of dressing emery wheel, axial feed velocity and feeding number of times are set;
(7) open Air blowing valve, auxiliary blow gas pressure is set;
(8) open optical fiber laser switch and two dimension NC auto electric platforms control system simultaneously;
(9), after laser beam is focused on by laser ablation head condenser lens, vertical irradiation, at grinding-wheel grinder bevel, starts dressing process;
(10) dressing process terminates, and optical fiber laser is closed automatically, and two dimension NC auto electric platforms stops axial feed motion automatically.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the present invention adopts beam mode is good, photoelectric transformation efficiency is high, volume is little, air-cooled, single pulse energy is high, spot diameter is less pulse optical fiber as dressing " cutter ", effectively can improve the topography and geomorphology of dressing, easy to carry, adapt to corporate environment very capable, compare other special dressing methods (such as: the online dressing method (ELID) of electrolysis, online spark discharge dressing method, expulsion pressure dressing method, magnetic grind erosion dressing method, ultrasonic vibration dressing method etc.), the method that this equipment adopts is without the pollution such as electrolyte, noise.
(2) the present invention solves the difficult problem that traditional dressing method is difficult to realize compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel high efficiency, accurate dressing.
(3) the present invention can fast, efficient dressing, dressing cycle time to about 10min, dressing ultrahigh in efficiency;
(4) strong adaptability of the present invention, both can dressing non-conductive, soft resinoid bond hard grinding wheel, also can dressing conduction, metallic bond hard grinding wheel that hardness is high;
(5) volume of the present invention is little, easy to carry, and it is high a lot of that optical-fiber laser compares conventional laser electro-optical efficiency; Adopting air-cooled, without the need to huge cooling-water machine, is a kind of flexible dressing method;
(6) the present invention is easy to operate, can achieve the automatic control of dressing, control in real time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is optical-fiber laser dressing compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel equipment schematic;
Fig. 2 is ablation head installation diagram;
Fig. 3 is two dimension NC auto electric platforms figure;
Fig. 4 is that laser beam axis is to motion diagram;
Fig. 5 is laser external control panel control flow chart;
Wherein: 1-optical fiber laser, 2-optical fiber, 3-laser ablation head, 4-numerical control device, 5-computer, 6-side spray valve, 7-laser beam, 8-bronze binding agent, 9-diamond particles, 10-rotates in a circumferential direction, 11-compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel, 12-melting sputtering thing, 13-laser control plate, 14-laser head, 15-ablation head main body, 16-condenser lens, 17-condenser lens pressure ring, 18-protective lens, 19-protective lens pressure ring, the coaxial valve of 20-, the coaxial injection well of 21-, 22-air inlet screwed hole, 23-retaining thread hole, 24-precision rotation platform, 25-ablation head gripper, 26-rack support rod, 27-support stick gear fixture, 28-motorized precision translation stage
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to accompanying drawing 1-5, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the optical-fiber laser dressing compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel equipment that utilizes of the present invention is made up of following components: optical fiber laser 1, surface grinding machine, laser ablation head 3, two dimension NC auto electric platforms 4, computer 5, laser control plate 13 and annex.Optical fiber laser 1 is placed on experiment porch, the single-mode fiber 2 of laser beam band protective metal shell that optical fiber laser 1 exports conducts, be coupled to laser ablation head 3 with standard isolator, and laser beam acts on wheel face after the condenser lens 16 that focal length is 100 ~ 180mm focuses on.Laser ablation head 3 is arranged on two dimension NC auto electric platforms 4 by ablation head gripper 25, side spray valve 6 is arranged on ablation head gripper 25, compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel 11 is arranged on surface grinding machine, laser control plate 13 is connected with optical fiber laser 1 by data wire, two dimension NC auto electric platforms 4 is connected with computer 5 by data wire, and the precise motion of two dimension NC auto electric platforms 4 is controlled by computer 5.
It is high (up to 30%, and CO that optical fiber laser has good beam quality, electrical-optical conversion efficiency
2laser only has 10%, YAG laser to be low to moderate 4%), operation and maintenance cost is low, volume is little (only has CO with power
2laser and YAG laser 1/10th), the advantage such as lightweight, air-cooled.Optical fiber laser is compact pulse Yb-doping optical fiber laser, its average output power P is 5 ~ 48W, pulse recurrence frequency f is 50 ~ 150kHz, pulse duration τ is 210ns, wavelength X is 1064nm, exports energy approximation Gaussian Profile, laser beam is conducted by single-mode fiber, is coupled to laser ablation head with standard isolator.In the present invention, compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel comprises resinoid bond and metal bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel at present.
Carry the physical dimension autonomous Design of laser head laser ablation head 3 according to selected eyeglass and optical fiber laser, concrete assembly relation and composition parts are as shown in Figure 2.Laser ablation head 3 comprises laser head 14, ablation head main body 15, condenser lens 16, condenser lens pressure ring 17, protective lens 18, protective lens pressure ring 19, coaxial valve 20, coaxial injection well 21 and air inlet screwed hole 22, wherein, laser head 14 and ablation head main body 15 are matched in clearance, laser head 14 and ablation head main body 15 are linked together by retaining thread hole 23 by hold-down screw, condenser lens 16 is placed on the boss of ablation head main body 15 inside, condenser lens pressure ring 17 is placed on condenser lens 16, protective lens 18 is placed on condenser lens pressure ring 17, by protective lens pressure ring 19 by condenser lens 16, condenser lens pressure ring 17 and protective lens 18 are fixed, by screw thread, coaxial valve 20 is installed, coaxial valve 20 realizes coaxial blowing function in laser ablation process by air inlet screwed hole 22 and coaxial injection well 21.
Only need to unscrew four hold-down screws be uniformly distributed circumferentially shown in retaining thread hole 23 in figure and just conveniently can unload the coaxial valve 20 of ablation head.Conveniently change eyeglass or cleaning eyeglass; first unload the coaxial valve 20 of lower front end; screw off protective lens pressure ring 19 again; just can pull down condenser lens 16 and protective lens 18; coaxial valve 20 realizes coaxial blowing function; gas enters from air inlet screwed hole 22, acts on wheel face from coaxial injection well 21 blowout.
Fig. 3 is two dimension NC auto electric platforms figure, the motorized precision translation stage of two same models is that cross is arranged, the stroke of this motorized precision translation stage is 150mm, resolution ratio is 0.00125mm, maximum speed is 20mm/s, repetitive positioning accuracy <0.005mm, is respectively used to radial focusing and axial feed.Laser ablation head 3 is arranged on motorized precision translation stage by ablation head gripper 25, can manually engage with tooth mobile on rack support rod 26 thus adjust ablation grease head highness by support stick gear fixture 27, platform lower end is two motorized precision translation stages 28, motorized precision translation stage is wherein used for auto-focusing, and motorized precision translation stage is above used for axial feed.Adding man-hour by regulating the radial motion of two dimension NC auto electric platforms, making laser beam foucing position just be positioned at wheel face.
Fig. 4 is that laser beam axis is to motion diagram, A point is taken up an official post for compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel one end face and is anticipated a bit, B point is along grinding wheel spindle point corresponding with A point on other end, laser beam moves to B point from A point, cover the whole width of emery wheel, along with the rotation of emery wheel, according to setting feeding number of times, laser beam, in A, B 2 reciprocating motion, carries out dressing to whole emery wheel.
Optical fiber laser is furnished with a high-speed figure control interface, can directly and scan control link and connect, just can be integrated in the system of user without the need to any peripheral driver or extra interface board.Dissimilar master oscillator can be assembled in laser instrument inside, can ensure at pitch operated within range.The pulse recurrence frequency signal that external control system provides is input to laser interface, can synchronized transmissions laser pulse.Directly connect 24V dc source, and provide control signal just can work.The switch control rule of laser instrument, pulse recurrence frequency and average output power can be carried out easily by external control plate to regulate, and can set the bright dipping time.
Fig. 5 is laser control flow chart:
Optical fiber laser realizes the adjustment to laser parameter in use procedure by laser control plate, first setting laser performance number, resets laser frequency value, then selects timing or goes out optical mode continuously, finally opening laser switch.Concrete operation method is as follows:
(1) switch on power, surface grinding machine, optical fiber laser 1, two dimension NC auto electric platforms 4, laser control plate 13, computer 5 are energized;
(2) power setting: the power knob on rotary laser control panel 13, observes the numerical value of " POWER " charactron (display performance number) on laser control plate 13 simultaneously, stops adjusting knob when performance number equals 30W.Press the upper left " BU of " POWER " knob
2" key latch anticipating power value, unclamp button, complete the power setting operation of laser instrument;
(3) set of frequency: on rotary laser control panel 13 frequency knob, simultaneously observe " FREQ " charactron (display frequency value) numerical value, when the frequency values shown by charactron equals 50kHz stop adjusting knob.Unclamp knob, complete the set of frequency operation of laser instrument;
(4) bright dipping is selected with timing bright dipping continuously: after power and frequency are all provided with, directly stir " the K of laser control plate 13
3" switch is to ON state, laser is unlocked, continuous bright dipping.Stir " K
3" switch is to OFF state, laser is turned off;
(5) going out optical mode to enter timing, after power is with frequency setting, first stirring " K
3" switch to ON state, then stirs laser control plate 13 two switch " K
4" and " K
2" switch is to ON state.Rotate the timing knob on the right side of two switches, observe " TIME " charactron (Displaying timer time) simultaneously, stop adjusting knob when numeral method value equals 20 μ s.Press " the BU on laser control plate 13
2" button.Now laser is unlocked, and timing automatically shuts down to rear laser.Exit timing when going out optical mode, by " K
4" switch and " K
2" switch stirs downwards;
(6) laser instrument is opened.
The optical-fiber laser dressing compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel equipment course of work:
Optical-fiber laser dressing compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel equipment is by " cutter " of pulse optical fiber as emery wheel noncontact procession, and laser parameter can be arranged voluntarily on homemade laser control plate.The laser that laser instrument sends conducts to laser ablation head by Transmission Fibers, acts on wheel face after collimation, focusing.Laser ablation head is arranged on two dimension NC auto electric platforms, and the axis controlling to realize laser ablation head by computer feeds motion and radial focusing movements, treats that the emery wheel of dressing is arranged on surface grinding machine, provides the circle-feeding of emery wheel to move by grinding machine.Its specific operation process is as follows:
(1) switch on power, surface grinding machine, optical fiber laser 1, two dimension NC auto electric platforms 4, laser control plate 13, computer 5 are energized;
(2) grinding machine is opened, make grinding machine X-axis, Y-axis, Z axis gets back to initial value, open optical fiber laser and guide photoswitch, optical fiber laser (1) sends guiding ruddiness, adjustment grinding machine moves up and down, make guiding ruddiness along emery wheel radial direction, open two dimension NC auto electric platforms control system in computer 5, laser ablation head 3 perpendicular contact wheel face is made by the motion of precise hard_drawn tuhes two dimension NC auto electric platforms, computer 5 arranges two dimension NC auto electric platforms controling parameters, when the X-axis amount of feeding is set to this distance of 91.8mm(, the light spot focus of laser ablation head is just in time positioned at wheel face), operation control system thus realize the auto-focusing of laser facula on computers,
(3) by two dimension NC auto electric platforms control system, guiding ruddiness is moved to A point, by two dimension NC auto electric platforms control system adjustment laser ablation head (3) axial stroke, make guiding ruddiness move to B point, namely the axially-movable of laser ablation head (3) covers the whole width of emery wheel.Guiding ruddiness is moved to A point and keeps the position data of A, B 2, closes two dimension NC auto electric platforms control system;
(4) according to the model treating dressing emery wheel, regulate power knob on laser control plate 13, frequency knob and timing knob, laser average output power, pulse recurrence frequency and bright dipping time are set;
(5) press grinding machine spindle turn knob, emery wheel is rotated, and according to treating the model of dressing emery wheel, sand is set
Wheel speed;
(6) two dimension NC auto electric platforms control software design is set to automatic running status, according to model and the trim amount for the treatment of dressing emery wheel, axial feed velocity and feeding number of times are set;
(7) open Air blowing valve, auxiliary blow gas pressure is set;
(8) open fiber laser light switch and two dimension NC auto electric platforms control system simultaneously;
(9), after laser beam 7 is focused on by laser ablation head 3 condenser lens 16, vertical irradiation, at grinding-wheel grinder bevel, starts dressing process.Laser ablation head 3 is along the feeding of emery wheel axial reciprocating, and gyration done by emery wheel simultaneously, and bronze binding agent material is removed uniformly, through several times ablation, will form thickly dotted overlapping pit, and realize the object of dressing at Bronze;
(10) arrive process time, optical fiber laser 1 is closed automatically, and two dimension NC auto electric platforms stops axial feed motion automatically.The each part power supply of manual-lock dressing equipment.
Laser dressing process leaves it at that.
If the model of emery wheel used is 100D*10T*5X*31.75H, wherein, 100 is emery wheel external diameter, and 10 is grinding wheel width, and 5 is bonding agent thickness, and 31.75 for installing diameter, and in experimentation, parameter is: laser power is 30W; Pulse recurrence frequency is 50kHz; The bright dipping time is 20 μ s; Grinding wheel speed is 244r/min; The Y-axis feed speed of two dimension NC auto electric platforms is 0.182mm/s, and its specific operation process is as follows:
(1) switch on power, surface grinding machine, optical fiber laser 1, two dimension NC auto electric platforms, laser control plate 13, computer 5 are energized;
(2) grinding machine is opened, make grinding machine X-axis, Y-axis, Z axis gets back to initial value, open optical fiber laser and guide photoswitch, optical fiber laser (1) sends guiding ruddiness, adjustment grinding machine moves up and down, make guiding ruddiness radial along emery wheel, , open two dimension NC auto electric platforms control system in computer 5, laser ablation head 3 perpendicular contact wheel face is made by the motion of precise hard_drawn tuhes two dimension NC auto electric platforms, computer 5 arranges two dimension NC auto electric platforms controling parameters, the X-axis amount of feeding is set to 91.8mm, operation control system thus realize the auto-focusing of laser facula on computers,
(3) by two dimension NC auto electric platforms control system, guiding ruddiness is moved to A point, by two dimension NC auto electric platforms control system adjustment laser ablation head (3) axial stroke, make guiding ruddiness move to B point, namely the axially-movable of laser ablation head (3) covers the whole width of emery wheel.Guiding ruddiness is moved to A point and keeps the position data of A, B 2, closes two dimension NC auto electric platforms control system;
(4) regulate power knob on laser control plate 13, frequency knob and timing knob, make laser power be 30W; Pulse recurrence frequency is 50kHz; The bright dipping time is 20 μ s;
(5) press grinding machine spindle turn knob, emery wheel is rotated, adjustment grinding wheel speed is 244r/min;
(6) two dimension NC auto electric platforms control software design is set to automatic running status, axial feed velocity 0.182mm/s and feeding number of times 1 time are set;
(7) open Air blowing valve, arranging auxiliary blow gas pressure is 0.6Mpa;
(8) open optical fiber laser switch and two dimension NC auto electric platforms control system simultaneously;
(9), after laser beam 7 is focused on by laser ablation head 3 condenser lens 16, vertical irradiation, at grinding-wheel grinder bevel, starts dressing process.Laser ablation head 3 is along the feeding of emery wheel axial reciprocating, and gyration done by emery wheel simultaneously, and bronze binding agent material is removed uniformly, through several times ablation, will form thickly dotted overlapping pit, and realize the object of dressing at Bronze;
(10) arrive process time, optical fiber laser 1 is closed automatically, and two dimension NC auto electric platforms stops axial feed motion automatically.The each part power supply of manual-lock dressing equipment.
Laser dressing process leaves it at that.
Although disclose in detail the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing, it should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary, be not used for limiting application of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention by appended claims, and can be included in when not departing from scope and spirit for inventing various modification, remodeling and the equivalents done.
Claims (4)
1. one kind utilizes the equipment of optical-fiber laser dressing compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel, this equipment comprises optical fiber laser (1), single-mode fiber (2), laser ablation head (3), two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4), computer (5), it is characterized in that: optical fiber laser (1) is placed on experiment porch, the laser beam that optical fiber laser (1) exports conducts through single-mode fiber (2), be coupled to the laser ablation head (3) with standard isolator, laser beam acts on wheel face after the condenser lens (16) that focal length is 100 ~ 180mm focuses on, laser ablation head (3) is arranged on two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4) by ablation head gripper (25), side spray valve (6) is arranged on ablation head gripper (25), compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel (11) is arranged on surface grinding machine, laser control plate (13) is connected with optical fiber laser (1) by data wire, two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4) is connected with computer (5) by data wire, and the computer (5) that moves through of two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4) controls,
Laser ablation head (3) comprises laser head (14), ablation head main body (15), condenser lens (16), condenser lens pressure ring (17), protective lens (18), protective lens pressure ring (19), coaxial valve (20), coaxial injection well (21) and air inlet screwed hole (22), wherein, laser head (14) and ablation head main body (15) are linked together by retaining thread hole (23) by hold-down screw, condenser lens (16) is placed on the inner boss of ablation head main body (15), condenser lens pressure ring (17) is placed on condenser lens (16), protective lens (18) is placed on condenser lens pressure ring (17), by protective lens pressure ring (19) by condenser lens (16), condenser lens pressure ring (17) and protective lens (18) are fixed, by screw thread, coaxial valve (20) and ablation head main body (15) are installed together, coaxial valve (20) realizes coaxial blowing function in laser ablation process by air inlet screwed hole (22) and coaxial injection well (21).
2. the equipment utilizing optical-fiber laser dressing compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel comprises resinoid bond and metal bindnig agent extra hard abradant sand wheel at present.
3. the equipment utilizing optical-fiber laser dressing compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: laser ablation head (3) is arranged on two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4) by ablation head gripper (25), two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4) lower end is two motorized precision translation stages (28), one of them motorized precision translation stage is used for auto-focusing, and another motorized precision translation stage is used for axial feed; Adding man-hour by regulating the radial motion of two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4), making laser beam foucing position be positioned at wheel face.
4. the method for equipment dressing hard grinding wheel according to claim 1, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) switch on power, to surface grinding machine, optical fiber laser (1), two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4), laser control plate (13), computer (5) energising;
(2) grinding machine is opened, make grinding machine X-axis, Y-axis, Z axis gets back to initial value, open optical fiber laser and guide photoswitch, optical fiber laser (1) sends guiding ruddiness, adjustment grinding machine moves up and down, make guiding ruddiness along emery wheel radial direction, open two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4) control system in computer (5), the motion controlling two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4) makes laser ablation head (3) perpendicular contact wheel face, computer (5) arranges two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4) controling parameters, operation control system realizes the auto-focusing of laser facula,
(3) ruddiness will be guided to move to the marginal point A of emery wheel side by two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4) control system, by two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4) control system adjustment laser ablation head (3) axial stroke, guiding ruddiness is made to move to the marginal point B point of emery wheel side, namely the axially-movable of laser ablation head (3) covers the whole width of emery wheel, again by guiding ruddiness move to the marginal point A of emery wheel side and keep the position data of A, B 2, close two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4) control system;
(4) according to type and the trim amount for the treatment of dressing emery wheel, regulate the upper power knob of laser control plate (13), frequency knob and timing knob, laser average output power, pulse recurrence frequency and bright dipping time are set;
(5) start grinding machine, emery wheel is rotated, and according to treating the type of dressing emery wheel, grinding wheel speed is set;
(6) according to type and the trim amount for the treatment of dressing emery wheel, axial feed velocity and feeding number of times are set;
(7) open Air blowing valve, auxiliary blow gas pressure is set;
(8) open fiber laser light switch and two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4) control system simultaneously;
(9), after laser beam (7) is focused on by laser ablation head (3) inner focusing lens (16), vertical irradiation, at grinding-wheel grinder bevel, starts dressing process;
(10) dressing process terminates, and optical fiber laser (1) is closed automatically, and two dimension NC auto electric platforms (4) stops axial feed motion automatically.
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| CN201410048565.7A CN103878704B (en) | 2013-11-21 | 2014-02-12 | A kind of equipment utilizing optical-fiber laser dressing compact-type binding agent ultra hard emery wheel |
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| CN104266674B (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2017-02-15 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Lens type simulation device of high heating flux heating surface |
| CN106737199B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-09-14 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of online deburring and the fine grinding attachment of grinding wheel dressing laser assisted and method |
| CN108555780A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-09-21 | 华辰精密装备（昆山）股份有限公司 | Grinding wheel laser reconditioning system |
| CN110722468B (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2021-01-22 | 郑州磨料磨具磨削研究所有限公司 | Grinding wheel manufacturing device and method for orderly arranging abrasive particles based on laser trimming |
| CN114523418B (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2023-06-30 | 湖南科技大学 | Laser large-cutting-depth trimming device and method for forming grinding wheel |
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