CN103878346A - Preparing method of ceramic particle multi-scale enhanced metallic matrix composite materials - Google Patents
Preparing method of ceramic particle multi-scale enhanced metallic matrix composite materials Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DHAHRLDIUIPTCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium metaphosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]P(=O)=O.[O-]P(=O)=O.[O-]P(=O)=O DHAHRLDIUIPTCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940068984 polyvinyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011208 reinforced composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparing method of ceramic particle multi-scale enhanced metallic matrix composite materials and belongs to the technical field of material science. The structure of the ceramic particle multi-scale enhanced metallic matrix composite materials is that spherical composite materials are evenly dispersed in a metallic matrix, and the structure of the spherical composite materials is that ceramic particles are evenly dispersed in the metallic matrix. First, the ceramic particles and binding agents are used for preparing ceramic particle balls, then the ceramic particle balls and the binding agents are evenly mixed in a ball-milling mode according to the proportion that the weight of the binding agents is 3-10 wt% of the weight of the ceramic particles, a prefabricating body is formed in a pressing mode, and finally the compact ceramic particle multi-scale enhanced metallic matrix composite materials are made in a die.
Description
Technical field
the preparation method who the present invention relates to a kind of ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials, belongs to materials science field.
Background technology
Ceramic particle dispersion evenly strengthens metal-base composites and has excellent wearability, and still, its plasticity and toughness are also very poor, and under higher impact wear operating mode, composite can rupture prematurely and peel off.This becomes the bottleneck that antifriction metal (AFM) based composites develops, and has greatly limited the range of application of metal-base composites.In order to address this problem:
Chinese invention patent CN101898239A utilizes WC particle in vacuum high-temperature, to sinter the base substrate of definite shape into, is placed in casting mold end face, adopts negative pressure casting that molten metal is immersed in WC particle gap, forms partially-reinforced composite material.The shortcoming of this technique is to adopt WC pottery, has the shortcoming that cost is high.
Chinese invention patent CN102211196 offers blind hole on metal body, inserts therein the mixed-powder of ceramic powder and self-melting alloy powder, after 1000 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C vacuum-sinterings, forms reinforced metal matrix abrasion-resisting compound material in the position of blind hole.This technique is distributed in ceramic particle reinforced metal base composites in metal body, forms partially-reinforced composite material, can improve the anti impact wear-proof ability of material monolithic.But this technique will also be heated to high temperature by metal body, and energy consumption is higher, and efficiency is lower.
Chinese invention patent CN101912957A discloses a kind of network interpenetrating type ceramic-metal composite material and preparation method thereof.Wherein, SiC pottery is made to three-dimensional rack, in casting mold, then be poured into iron and steel liquid, form a kind of network interpenetrating ceramic-metal composite material.This technique effectively combines the toughness of ceramic wearability and metal, has overcome the caducous problem of ceramic unit in military service process, can be applicable to the wearing and tearing under certain impact load.But the manufacture of SiC ceramics bracket is comparatively complicated in this invention.
Chinese invention patent CN101899585A mixes carbide ceramic particles or carbide alloy crushed particles with metal dust; and at high temperature sinter column, strip, bulk, cellular precast body into; regularly arranged at casting mold end face; then casting of molten metal; make molten metal immerse the gap of ceramic particle; form composite, and composite and base metal form the surface of wearing piece jointly.Composite prepared by this technique has high impact resistance.But, wherein can only use the carbide or the hard alloy particle that there are wetting capacity with molten metal, cost is still higher.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials and preparation method thereof, ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites has the ability of applying under higher impact wear operating mode, technique is comparatively simple, is applicable to suitability for industrialized production.
The structure of ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials of the present invention is dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 to have a spherical composite 3, and the structure of spherical composite 3 is dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 to have a ceramic particle 1.
Described metallic matrix 2 is any one in cast steel, cast iron, Al alloy, Cu alloy, Zn alloy, Mg alloy, Ti alloy or Ni alloy.
Described ceramic particle 1 is A1
2o
3, ZrO
2, SiO
2, SiC, B
4c, Si
3n
4, TiN or TiB
2in one or more arbitrary proportion mixtures, its particle diameter is 10 microns～500 microns, the volume fraction being distributed in spherical composite 3 is 10%～70%.
The diameter of described spherical composite 3 is 1 millimeter～10 millimeters, and the volume fraction being distributed in metallic matrix is 10%～70%.
For obtaining above-mentioned ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites, preparation method disclosed by the invention is as follows:
(1) preparation of ceramic particle ball: ceramic particle is dispersed in adhesive solution, wherein binding agent is 10～40wt% of ceramic particle quality, then mixture is poured into diameter and is in the spherical mould of 1 micron～10 millimeters, roasting 30 minutes～2 hours under 100 DEG C～1200 DEG C conditions after the dry demoulding, cooling with stove, obtain the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
(2) preparation of precast body: the ratio ball milling that by ceramic particle ball with binding agent according to binding agent is 3～10wt% of ceramic particle quality mixes, and is pressed into precast body;
(3) by precast body roasting 30 minutes～2 hours under the condition of 100 DEG C～1200 DEG C, then be placed in the mould of required form, casting metal matrix fused solution, and adopt gravitational casting, negative pressure casting or extrusion casting method, molten metal is infiltrated up in the gap and ceramic particle ball internal clearance between ceramic particle ball, finally makes fine and close ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites.
One or more arbitrary proportion mixtures of the starch solution that the aluminium metaphosphate solution that described adhesive solution is modulus is 1.5～3 water glass solution, concentration is 10%～40% Ludox, concentration is 5%～20%, the cement that water content is 5%～30%, poly-vinyl alcohol solution that concentration is 10%～20% or concentration are 5%～20%.
Described being dried is to place more than 24 hours under normal temperature condition.
Described ball milling incorporation time is 30 minutes～2 hours, and ball milling speed is 20～300r/min.
The pressure of described compacting is 5～40MPa.
Ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites of the present invention has the ability of applying under higher impact wear operating mode.This be because, when under high impact loads effect, in the ceramic particle of the first enhancing yardstick or when ceramic particle/basal body interface cracks, crackle is in expansion process, must be obstructed at the spherical composite material reinforcement body/basal body interface of the second enhancing yardstick, thereby hinder the fracture of composite and peeled off, having improved the wearability of composite.
The present invention has following beneficial effect and advantage:
1, described ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites has the ability of applying under higher impact wear operating mode, and its technique is comparatively simple, is applicable to suitability for industrialized production.
2, ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites wearability has improved two to three times of left and right than common metal-base composites, and also increase its service life.
3, adopt extrusion casting method to prepare composite, the wettability between ceramic particle and metallic matrix is not had to special requirement.
4, adopt extrusion casting method, ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites once infiltrates and is shaped, and technique is comparatively simple, is applicable to suitability for industrialized production.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of composite of the present invention.
In figure: 1-ceramic particle, 2-metallic matrix, the spherical composite of 3-.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment one: as shown in Figure 1, the ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials structure of present embodiment is dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 to have a spherical composite 3, and the structure of spherical composite 3 is dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 to have a ceramic particle 1.Metallic matrix 2 is Ni alloy.Ceramic particle 1 is TiB
2, its particle diameter is 10 microns～200 microns, the volume fraction being distributed in spherical composite 3 is 10%.The diameter of spherical composite 3 is 1 millimeter～3 millimeters, and the volume fraction being distributed in metallic matrix is 10%.Concrete preparation method is:
(1) preparation of ceramic particle ball: ceramic particle is dispersed in adhesive solution, wherein binding agent is the 10wt% of ceramic particle quality, then mixture is poured into diameter and is in the spherical mould of 0.5 millimeter, roasting 30 minutes under 1200 DEG C of conditions after the dry demoulding, cooling with stove, obtain the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
(2) preparation of precast body: the ratio ball milling that by ceramic particle ball with binding agent according to binding agent is the 10wt% of ceramic particle quality mixes, and is pressed into precast body;
(3) by precast body roasting 30 minutes under the condition of 100 DEG C, then be placed in the mould of required form, casting metal matrix fused solution, and adopt gravitational casting, negative pressure casting or extrusion casting method, molten metal is infiltrated up in the gap and ceramic particle ball internal clearance between ceramic particle ball, finally makes fine and close ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites.
Embodiment two: as shown in Figure 1, the ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials structure of present embodiment is dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 to have a spherical composite 3, and the structure of spherical composite 3 is dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 to have a ceramic particle 1.Metallic matrix 2 is any one in Mg alloy.Ceramic particle 1 is TiN, and its particle diameter is 200～500 microns, and the volume fraction being distributed in spherical composite 3 is 70%.The diameter of spherical composite 3 is 10 millimeters, and the volume fraction being distributed in metallic matrix is 70%.Concrete preparation method is:
(1) preparation of ceramic particle ball: ceramic particle is dispersed in adhesive solution, wherein binding agent is the 40wt% of ceramic particle quality, then mixture is poured into diameter and is in the spherical mould of 10 millimeters, roasting 2 hours under 100 DEG C of conditions after the dry demoulding, cooling with stove, obtain the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
(2) preparation of precast body: the ratio ball milling that by ceramic particle ball with binding agent according to binding agent is the 3wt% of ceramic particle quality mixes, and is pressed into precast body;
(3) by precast body roasting 1 hour under the condition of 1200 DEG C, then be placed in the mould of required form, casting metal matrix fused solution, and adopt gravitational casting, negative pressure casting or extrusion casting method, molten metal is infiltrated up in the gap and ceramic particle ball internal clearance between ceramic particle ball, finally makes fine and close ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites.
Embodiment three: as shown in Figure 1, the ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials structure of present embodiment is dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 to have a spherical composite 3, and the structure of spherical composite 3 is dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 to have a ceramic particle 1.Metallic matrix 2 is Cu alloy.Ceramic particle 1 is SiO
2, its particle diameter is 10 microns～500 microns, the volume fraction being distributed in spherical composite 3 is 20%.The diameter of spherical composite 3 is 1 millimeter～10 millimeters, and the volume fraction being distributed in metallic matrix is 30%.Concrete preparation method is:
(1) preparation of ceramic particle ball: ceramic particle is dispersed in adhesive solution, wherein binding agent is the 30wt% of ceramic particle quality, then mixture is poured into diameter and is in the spherical mould of 5 millimeters, roasting 1.5 hours under 800 DEG C of conditions after the dry demoulding, cooling with stove, obtain the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
(2) preparation of precast body: the ratio ball milling that by ceramic particle ball with binding agent according to binding agent is the 8wt% of ceramic particle quality mixes, and is pressed into precast body;
(3) by precast body roasting 2 hours under the condition of 800 DEG C, then be placed in the mould of required form, casting metal matrix fused solution, and adopt gravitational casting, negative pressure casting or extrusion casting method, molten metal is infiltrated up in the gap and ceramic particle ball internal clearance between ceramic particle ball, finally makes fine and close ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites.
Embodiment four: as shown in Figure 1, the ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials structure of present embodiment is dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 to have a spherical composite 3, and the structure of spherical composite 3 is dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 to have a ceramic particle 1.Metallic matrix 2 is Al alloy.Ceramic particle 1 is ZrO
2, its particle diameter is 400 microns, the volume fraction being distributed in spherical composite 3 is 30%.The diameter of spherical composite 3 is 2 millimeters, and the volume fraction being distributed in metallic matrix is 40%.Concrete preparation method is:
(1) preparation of ceramic particle ball: ceramic particle is dispersed in adhesive solution, wherein binding agent is the 20wt% of ceramic particle quality, then mixture is poured into diameter and is in the spherical mould of 7 millimeters, roasting 0.8 hour under 900 DEG C of conditions after the dry demoulding, cooling with stove, obtain the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
(2) preparation of precast body: the ratio ball milling that by ceramic particle ball with binding agent according to binding agent is the 6wt% of ceramic particle quality mixes, and is pressed into precast body;
(3) by precast body roasting 1.7 hours under the condition of 600 DEG C, then be placed in the mould of required form, casting metal matrix fused solution, and adopt gravitational casting, negative pressure casting or extrusion casting method, molten metal is infiltrated up in the gap and ceramic particle ball internal clearance between ceramic particle ball, finally makes fine and close ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites.
Embodiment five: present embodiment prepares A1
2o
3ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement 40Cr base steel composite material: with 100 ~ 120 microns of big or small A1
2o
3ceramic particle and 40Cr steel matrix form the spherical composite (the first yardstick strengthens) of 3 millimeters of diameters, A1
2o
3the volume fraction of ceramic particle is 60%, and then spherical composite evenly spreads to again in 40Cr steel matrix as reinforcement (the second yardstick strengthens), and its volume fraction is 55%, thereby forms A1
2o
3ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement 40Cr base steel composite material.The preparation method of composite is as follows:
Steps A: the preparation of ceramic particle ball: by A1
2o
3ceramic particle dispersed with stirring, in the sticky solution of 30% Ludox, is poured in the spherical mould of 3 millimeters of diameters, and 24 hours dry, the demoulding, obtains ceramic particle ball base, then 120 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C roastings 2 hours that progressively heat up, stove is cold, obtains the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
Step B: the preparation of precast body: the waterglass bonding agent that is 2.2 with 5% modulus by ceramic particle ball mixes 30 minutes in ball mill, is pressed into the precast body of required form under 10MPa pressure;
Step C: casting: by precast body 800 DEG C of roastings 1 hour, after coming out of the stove, be placed in fast casting mold die cavity, then pour into a mould 40Cr molten steel, adopt extrusion casint, molten metal is infiltrated up in the gap and ceramic particle ball internal clearance between ceramic particle ball, finally makes fine and close A1
2o
3ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement 40Cr base steel composite material.The composite making is than common A1
2o
3ceramic particle strengthens 40Cr base steel composite material wearability and has improved 1.5 ~ 3 times, and greatly strengthen service life.
Embodiment six: present embodiment prepares SiC ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement 45 base steel composite materials: the spherical composite (the first yardstick strengthens) that forms 4 millimeters of diameters by the SiC ceramic particles of 80 ~ 100 microns big or small and 45 steel matrix, the volume fraction of SiC ceramic particle is 50%, then spherical composite evenly spreads to again in 45 steel matrix as reinforcement (the second yardstick strengthens), its volume fraction is 55%, thereby forms SiC ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement 45 base steel composite materials.The preparation method of described composite is as follows:
Steps A: the preparation of ceramic particle ball: by SiC ceramic particle dispersed with stirring in 12% aluminium metaphosphate solution, be poured in the spherical mould of 3 millimeters of diameters, dry through 24 hours, the demoulding, obtain ceramic particle ball base, then progressively heat up at 120 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C, roasting 2 hours, stove is cold, obtains the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
Step B: the preparation of precast body: the waterglass bonding agent that is 2.2 with 5% modulus by ceramic particle ball mixes 60 minutes in ball mill, is pressed into the precast body of required form under 10MPa pressure;
Step C: casting: by precast body 800 DEG C of roastings 1 hour, after coming out of the stove, be placed in fast casting mold die cavity, then pour into a mould 45 molten steel, adopt gravitational casting, molten metal is infiltrated up in the gap and ceramic particle ball internal clearance between ceramic particle ball, finally makes fine and close SiC ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement 45 base steel composite materials.This composite strengthens 45 base steel composite material wearabilities than common SiC ceramic particle and has improved 1.5 ~ 2 times, and also increase service life.
Embodiment seven: present embodiment is prepared SiC ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement aluminum matrix composite: the spherical composite (the first yardstick strengthens) that the SiC ceramic particle of 20 ~ 80 microns big or small and aluminum substrate is formed to 5 millimeters of diameters, the volume fraction of SiC ceramic particle is 65%, then spherical composite evenly spreads to again in aluminum substrate as reinforcement (the second yardstick strengthens), its volume fraction is 55%, thereby forms SiC ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement aluminum matrix composite.The preparation method of described composite is as follows:
Steps A: the preparation of ceramic particle ball: by SiC ceramic particle dispersed with stirring in 12% aluminium metaphosphate solution, be poured in the spherical mould of 3 millimeters of diameters, dry through 24 hours, the demoulding, obtain ceramic particle ball base, then 120 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C roastings 2 hours, stove was cold, obtained the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
Step B: the preparation of precast body: the waterglass bonding agent that is 2.2 with 5% modulus by SiC ceramic particle ball mixes 60 minutes in ball mill, is pressed into the precast body of required form under 20MPa pressure;
Step C: casting: by precast body 600 DEG C of roastings 1 hour, after coming out of the stove, be placed in fast casting mold die cavity, then cast aluminum liquid, adopt negative pressure casting, molten metal is infiltrated up in the gap and ceramic particle ball internal clearance between ceramic particle ball, obtains and finally make fine and close SiC ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement aluminum matrix composite.This composite has improved 2 ~ 3 times than common SiC ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material wearability, and also increase service life.
Embodiment seven: present embodiment is prepared B
4c ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement iron base composite material: with 80 ~ 120 microns of big or small B
4c ceramic particle and gray iron matrix form the spherical composite (the first yardstick strengthens) of 3 millimeters of diameters, B
4the volume fraction of C ceramic particle is 65%, and then spherical composite evenly spreads to again in gray iron matrix as reinforcement (the second yardstick strengthens), and its volume fraction is 55%, thereby forms B
4c ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement iron base composite material; The preparation method of described composite is as follows:
Steps A: the preparation of ceramic particle ball: by B
4c ceramic particle dispersed with stirring, in the sticky solution of 25% Ludox, is poured in the spherical mould of 5 millimeters of diameters, dry through 24 hours, the demoulding, obtains ceramic particle ball base, then 120 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C roastings 2 hours that progressively heat up, stove is cold, obtains the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
Step B: the preparation of precast body: the waterglass bonding agent that is 2.2 with 5% modulus by ceramic particle ball mixes 60 minutes in ball mill, is pressed into the precast body of required form under 10MPa pressure;
Step C: casting: by precast body 800 DEG C of roastings 1 hour, after coming out of the stove, be placed in fast casting mold die cavity, then pour into a mould gray iron liquid, adopt extrusion casint, molten metal is infiltrated up in the gap and ceramic particle ball internal clearance between ceramic particle ball, finally makes fine and close B
4c ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement iron base composite material.This composite is than common B
4c ceramic particle Fe radicle enhancing composite material wearability has improved 1.5 ~ 2.5 times, and increase service life.
Embodiment eight: TiN ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement aluminum matrix composite prepared by present embodiment: the spherical composite (the first yardstick strengthens) that forms 3 millimeters of diameters with the TiN ceramic particles of 100 ~ 120 microns big or small and A356 aluminum substrate, the volume fraction of TiN ceramic particle is 60%, then spherical composite evenly spreads to again in A356 aluminum substrate as reinforcement (the second yardstick strengthens), its volume fraction is 55%, thereby forms TiN ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement aluminum matrix composite.The preparation method of described composite is as follows:
Steps A: the preparation of ceramic particle ball: TiN ceramic particle dispersed with stirring, in the sticky solution of 30% Ludox, is poured in the spherical mould of 3 millimeters of diameters, through 24 hours dry, the demoulding, obtains ceramic particle ball base, then
120 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C roastings 2 hours that progressively heat up, stove is cold, obtains the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
Step B: the preparation of precast body: the waterglass bonding agent that is 2.2 with 5% modulus by ceramic particle ball mixes 60 minutes in ball mill, is pressed into the precast body of required form under 10MPa pressure;
Step C: casting: by precast body 600 DEG C of roastings 1 hour, after coming out of the stove, be placed in fast casting mold die cavity, then pour into a mould A356 aluminium liquid, adopt extrusion casint, molten metal is infiltrated up in the gap and ceramic particle ball internal clearance between ceramic particle ball, finally makes fine and close TiN ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement aluminum matrix composite.This composite has improved 1.5 ~ 3 times than common TiN ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material wearability, and increase service life.
Below by reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is explained in detail, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the ken possessing those of ordinary skill in the art, can also under the prerequisite that does not depart from aim of the present invention, make various variations.
Claims (9)
1. a ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials, it is characterized in that: structure is dispersedly in metallic matrix (2) to have a spherical composite (3), the structure of spherical composite (3) is dispersedly in metallic matrix (2) to have a ceramic particle (1).
2. ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described metallic matrix (2) is any one in cast steel, cast iron, Al alloy, Cu alloy, Zn alloy, Mg alloy, Ti alloy or Ni alloy.
3. ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described ceramic particle (1) is A1
2o
3, ZrO
2, SiO
2, SiC, B
4c, Si
3n
4, TiN or TiB
2in one or more arbitrary proportion mixtures, its particle diameter is 10 microns～500 microns, the volume fraction being distributed in spherical composite (3) is 10%～70%.
4. ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the diameter of described spherical composite (3) is 1 millimeter～10 millimeters, the volume fraction being distributed in metallic matrix is 10%～70%.
5. a preparation method for ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that concrete steps comprise:
(1) preparation of ceramic particle ball: ceramic particle is dispersed in adhesive solution, wherein binding agent is 10～40wt% of ceramic particle quality, then mixture is poured into diameter and is in the spherical mould of 1 micron～10 millimeters, roasting 30 minutes～2 hours under 100 DEG C～1200 DEG C conditions after the dry demoulding, cooling with stove, obtain the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
(2) preparation of precast body: the ratio ball milling that by ceramic particle ball with binding agent according to binding agent is 3～10wt% of ceramic particle quality mixes, and is pressed into precast body;
(3) by precast body roasting 30 minutes～2 hours under the condition of 100 DEG C～1200 DEG C, then be placed in the mould of required form, casting metal matrix fused solution, and adopt gravitational casting, negative pressure casting or extrusion casting method, molten metal is infiltrated up in the gap and ceramic particle ball internal clearance between ceramic particle ball, finally makes fine and close ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites.
6. the preparation method of ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials according to claim 5, is characterized in that: one or more arbitrary proportion mixtures of the starch solution that the aluminium metaphosphate solution that described adhesive solution is modulus is 1.5～3 water glass solution, concentration is 10%～40% Ludox, concentration is 5%～20%, the cement that water content is 5%～30%, poly-vinyl alcohol solution that concentration is 10%～20% or concentration are 5%～20%.
7. the preparation method of ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described being dried is to place more than 24 hours under normal temperature condition.
8. the preparation method of ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described ball milling incorporation time is 30 minutes～2 hours, and ball milling speed is 20～300r/min.
9. the preparation method of ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the pressure of described compacting is 5～40MPa.
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| CN105065514A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-11-18 | 余姚市海博机械有限公司 | Automobile brake hub and preparation method thereof |
| CN105798284A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 深圳振华富电子有限公司 | Inorganic binder used for metal soft magnetic powder core and metal soft magnetic powder core |
| CN106011606A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-10-12 | 安徽省含山县皖中减速机械有限公司 | Casting material for speed reducer output shaft |
| CN106270459A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-04 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of copper-base pantograph slide plate |
| CN107776000A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2018-03-09 | 叶中豹 | One kind is used for the new ghost particulate composite Distribution Layer of civil air defense constructions and installations |
| CN107812919A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-20 | 吉林大学 | Ceramic Balls strengthen the preparation method of magnesium-based composite material |
| CN109128098A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-04 | 北京金煤创业科技股份有限公司 | Ceramic potassium steel composite wear-resistant part casting method |
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| CN107812919A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-20 | 吉林大学 | Ceramic Balls strengthen the preparation method of magnesium-based composite material |
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| CN113234967A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 30mm armor-piercing-resistant elastic gradient aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113234967B (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2022-04-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 30mm armor-piercing-resistant elastic gradient aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
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