CN105065514B - A kind of automotive brake hub and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of automotive brake hub and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105065514B CN105065514B CN201510404804.2A CN201510404804A CN105065514B CN 105065514 B CN105065514 B CN 105065514B CN 201510404804 A CN201510404804 A CN 201510404804A CN 105065514 B CN105065514 B CN 105065514B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D65/10—Drums for externally- or internally-engaging brakes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of automotive brake hub and preparation method thereof, the brake hub includes cylindric brake hub body, brake hub body is aluminium alloy brake hub body, the inwall of aluminium alloy brake hub body is compounded with the ceramic reinforcing material wearing layer of annular shape, and ceramic reinforcing material wearing layer passes through Extrution casting technique and aluminium alloy brake hub body metallurgical binding.The lightweight of the achievable brake hub of the present invention, so as to increase capacity weight of the vehicle, reduce oil consumption, the good aluminium alloy of thermal conductivity is advantageous to improve the thermal diffusivity of brake hub, extend the service life of automotive brake hub, reduce brake hub maintenance cost, improve vehicle by performance and shorten braking distance, improve the security of automobile；The local strengthening that the preparation method of brake hub of the present invention passes through selectivity, using Extrution casting technique, in the compound circular wearing layer of the inwall of aluminium alloy brake hub body, it can be ensured that the wearability of brake hub working face, reduce the cost of material and processing cost of brake hub.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of key components and parts of brake system of car, specifically a kind of automotive brake hub and its preparation side
Method.
Background technology
Brake hub is also known as brake hubs, is safety component crucial on automobile.Brake hub passes through the friction between brake block
Power, wheel of the bus is checked, be both needed to be equipped with brake hub on medium-sized and heavy vehicle.When driving, can brake hub pacify
It is complete reliably brake it is extremely important, if brake failure in emergency circumstances occurs, it will cause security incident, or even cause car to ruin people
Die major break down.Therefore, it is very strict to brake hub requirements.
Always, automotive brake hub both domestic and external is all cylinder iron to be integrally cast, and its wearability and mechanical property are good, casting
Technical maturity is made, can shape large-scaled complex castings, price is relatively low, is adapted to produce in enormous quantities.But cast iron brake hub have it is following not
At foot；1st, cast iron density is high, and density reaches 7.3g/cm3Left and right, in general truck 4 brake hubs of needs, and a Φ 480 ×
230mm truck brake hub weighs 60Kg（Spring loading capacity equivalent to 180 ~ 300Kg）, therefore its unspringing weight is larger, nothing
It is doubtful substantially to increase vehicle oil consumption, mobility performance is reduced, in addition, associated components dismount, maintenance is more difficult；2nd, cast iron is led
Hot poor, heat caused by friction distributes slowly during brake, easily causes brake system and is worked failure because temperature rise is too high.3rd, cast iron
Brake hub is typically cast with molding sand, and casting dimension accuracy, poor surface smoothness, internal porosity stomata are difficult to control, and casts life
The labor intensity of production is high, and environmental pollution is larger.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided a kind of lightweight, wearability and
Automotive brake hub that thermal conductivity is good, service life is grown and preparation method thereof.
Technical scheme is used by the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem：A kind of automotive brake hub, including cylindric
Brake hub body, described brake hub body are aluminium alloy brake hub body, and the inwall of described aluminium alloy brake hub body is answered
Close have annular shape ceramic reinforcing material wearing layer, described ceramic reinforcing material wearing layer by Extrution casting technique with it is described
Aluminium alloy brake hub body metallurgical binding.
Brake hub of the present invention, its brake hub body are made up of aluminium alloy, and aluminium alloy density is low, can significantly mitigate brake hub
Weight, compared with the traditional cast iron brake hub of comparable size model, brake hub of the present invention can loss of weight more than 50%, so as to increase
Capacity weight of the vehicle, reduce oil consumption；Brake hub of the present invention is by selective local strengthening, in aluminium alloy brake hub body
The compound circular ceramic reinforcing material wearing layer of wall, its wearability are better than cast iron, and dimensional accuracy is easily controllable, is advantageous to extend
The service life of automotive brake hub, it can be ensured that the wearability of the working face of brake hub, its wearability is up to traditional cast iron brake hub
More than 4 times, and reduce the cost of material and processing cost of brake hub, while the thermal conductivity of aluminium alloy is also significantly better than cast iron,
Therefore the wearability of brake hub of the present invention and thermal diffusivity are good, can effectively extend the service life of automotive brake hub, reduce brake hub
Maintenance cost, improve vehicle by performance and shorten braking distance, improve the security of automobile.
Preferably, the thickness of described ceramic reinforcing material wearing layer is 5~30mm.Select the ceramics increasing of suitable depth
Strong material wear-resistant layer, under the premise of the overall thermal conductivity of brake drum, wearability and service life is ensured, cost can be reduced.
Preferably, the composition of described ceramic reinforcing material is including volume ratio（5~30）：（1~25）Ceramic bone
Frame material and ceramic particle material.
Preferably, described ceramic skeleton material is alumina short fibre and/or aluminosilicate short fiber, described ceramics
Granular materials is fly ash grain and/or silicon-carbide particle, a diameter of 5~15 μm of described alumina short fibre, length be
0.8~2.8mm, a diameter of 5~15 μm of described aluminosilicate short fiber, length be 0.8~2.8mm, described flyash
The granularity of grain is 10~100 μm, and the granularity of described silicon-carbide particle is 10~100 μm.
Preferably, described ceramic skeleton material is alumina short fibre, described ceramic particle material is flyash
Particle.
The preparation method of above-mentioned automotive brake hub, comprises the following steps：
1）The making raw material of ceramic reinforcing material prepares：By volume fraction, weigh and prepare 5~30% dry ceramics
Framework material, 1~25% ceramic particle material and 20~40% low-temperature adhesive and 20~60% high-temperature adhesives, institute
The low-temperature adhesive stated is the carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution that concentration is 3~20%, described high-temperature adhesives are concentration for 10~
60% silicon sol solution；
2）The making of ceramic preform：By ready ceramic skeleton material, ceramic particle material and low-temperature adhesive and
High-temperature adhesives are well mixed, then are quantitatively poured into prefabricated-member mould, it is pressurized, go water, be pressed into annular shape ceramics preparative
Part semi-finished product, drying and processing and sintering processes finally are carried out to the prefabricated component semi-finished product, obtain porous ceramic preform finished product,
It is standby；
3）The preparation of aluminum alloy melt：From cast aluminium alloy gold or wrought aluminium alloy, dispensing, aluminium alloy is carried out in smelting furnace
Melting, stand 10~20 minutes after slagging-off, and be incubated at a temperature of 650~730 DEG C, it is to be cast；
4）The extrusion casint of ceramic preform and aluminium alloy is compound：Squeeze casting mould is got out first, the extrusion casint
Mould includes upper die and lower die, and the lower end of described upper mould is provided with drift, and the external diameter of described drift and described ceramics are pre-
The internal diameter of product finished product is adapted, and described lower mould is provided with the cylindrical mold cavity of upper opening, the depth of described cylindrical mold cavity
Degree is more than the height of described drift, and the diameter of described cylindrical mold cavity is adapted with the external diameter of described brake hub body；
Then described upper mould and described lower mould are preheated to 100~150 DEG C, then in described drift and described cylindrical mold cavity
Inner-wall spraying releasing agent, afterwards by step 2）The porous ceramics prefabricated component finished product of middle making is enclosed on described drift and fixed,
And by step 3）The aluminum alloy melt of middle preparation is with 650~730 DEG C of pouring temperature quantitative pouring to described cylindrical type intracavitary；
Finally by described upper mould and described lower mould matched moulds, after described upper mould and described lower mould matched moulds, the bottom of described drift
There is gap, described upper mould, described lower mould and described ceramics preparative between face and the bottom surface of described cylindrical mold cavity
The cavity that part finished product surrounds is adapted with the shape of described brake hub body, and extrusion casint, control extruding casting are carried out after matched moulds
The squeeze pressure made is 50~150MPa, and upper die and lower die temperature is 100~250 DEG C, makes ceramic preform finished product and aluminium alloy
It is compound, make aluminum alloy melt penetrate into porous ceramic preform finished product and fill described upper mould, described lower mould and described
The cavity that ceramic preform finished product surrounds, pressurize mold pickup after 10~60 seconds, obtain automotive brake hub blank；
5）The heat treatment of automotive brake hub blank：To step 4）In obtain automotive brake hub blank solution treatment 480~
535 DEG C, 5~7 hours are incubated, then carries out Quenching Treatment, last Ageing Treatment 150~180 in the water of more than 60 DEG C of water temperature
DEG C, 4~8 hours are incubated, obtains automotive brake hub semi-finished product；
6）The machining of automotive brake hub semi-finished product：Automotive brake hub semi-finished product are machined by drawing
Afterwards, automotive brake hub finished product is made.
Preferably, step 2）In be forced into 20~30MPa；Step 2）In be to the drying temperatures of prefabricated component semi-finished product
150~200 DEG C, drying time is 10~20h, and the sintering temperature to prefabricated component semi-finished product is 700~1000 DEG C, and sintering time is
2.5~4h.
Preferably, step 2）Prefabricated-member mould is first evacuated to 1 × 10 before middle pressurization-2Pa, repressurization, go water,
It is pressed into the ceramic preform semi-finished product of annular shape.
Preferably, step 4）In in squeeze casting mould used, the bottom wall of described lower mould offers charging hole, described
The bottom of lower mould be connected with material cylinder, material chamber, the diameter and described charging hole of described material chamber are provided with described material cylinder
Aperture is identical, and the described charging hole of described material chamber warp is connected with described cylindrical mold cavity, and described material intracavitary is provided with
Push rod moving up and down, the external diameter of described push rod are adapted with the diameter of described material chamber.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：Automotive brake hub disclosed by the invention, its brake hub body by
Aluminium alloy is made, and aluminium alloy density is low, can significantly mitigate the weight of brake hub, realize the lightweight of brake hub, with comparable size
The traditional cast iron brake hub of model is compared, brake hub of the present invention can loss of weight more than 50%, so as to increase capacity weight of the vehicle, drop
Low oil consumption；The thermal conductivity of aluminium alloy is also significantly better than cast iron, is advantageous to improve the thermal diffusivity of brake hub；The system of brake hub of the present invention
Preparation Method is by selective local strengthening, using Extrution casting technique, in the compound annulus of inwall of aluminium alloy brake hub body
The wearing layer of shape, by ceramic reinforcing material wearing layer and aluminium alloy brake hub body metallurgical binding, it can be ensured that the work of brake hub
The wearability in face, its wearability reduce the cost of material of brake hub and are processed into up to more than 4 times of traditional cast iron brake hub
This.Therefore, brake hub of the present invention is in light weight, and wearability and thermal diffusivity are good, and service life length, maintenance cost is low, can improve vehicle
By performance and shorten braking distance, improve the security of automobile.The present invention's is selected contact surface using wearing layer
The mode of the local strengthening of property, is equally applicable to brake disc and other friction catch occasions.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of automotive brake hub prepared by embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3；
Fig. 2 a- Fig. 2 c are that state of the squeeze casting mould before and after extrusion casint is shown used by embodiment 1 and embodiment 3
It is intended to；
Fig. 3 a- Fig. 3 c are view of the squeeze casting mould before and after extrusion casint used by embodiment 2；
Fig. 4 is the metallograph of aluminium alloy brake hub body in brake hub made from embodiment 3（200×）；
Fig. 5 is aluminium alloy brake hub body and ceramic reinforcing material wearing layer intersection in brake hub made from embodiment 3
Metallograph（200×）；
Fig. 6 is the metallograph of wearing layer in brake hub made from embodiment 3（200×）.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment.
The preparation method of the automotive brake hub of embodiment 1, comprises the following steps：
1）The making raw material of ceramic reinforcing material prepares：By volume fraction, it is short to weigh 13% dry aluminum oxide of preparation
Fiber, 7% fly ash grain and 20% low-temperature adhesive and 60% high-temperature adhesives, low-temperature adhesive are that concentration is 5%
Carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution, high-temperature adhesives be concentration be 10% silicon sol solution；
2）The making of ceramic preform：By ready alumina short fibre, fly ash grain and low-temperature adhesive and height
Warm adhesive is well mixed, then is quantitatively poured into prefabricated-member mould, evacuated to 1 × 10-2Pa, it is forced into 20~30MPa, goes
Water, the ceramic preform semi-finished product for being pressed into annular shape, finally the prefabricated component semi-finished product are carried out with the drying of 200 DEG C × 10 hours
Processing and the sintering processes of 700 DEG C × 3 hours, obtain porous ceramic preform finished product 5, standby；
3）The preparation of aluminum alloy melt：From the wrought aluminium alloy of U.S.'s trade mark 6061, dispensing, aluminium conjunction is carried out in smelting furnace
The melting of gold, 15 minutes are stood after slagging-off, and are incubated at a temperature of 650~730 DEG C, to be cast；
4）The extrusion casint of ceramic preform and aluminium alloy is compound：Squeeze casting mould is got out first, such as Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b
Shown in Fig. 2 c, the squeeze casting mould includes upper mould 3 and lower mould 4, and the lower end of upper mould 3 is provided with drift 31, drift 31 it is outer
Footpath is adapted with the internal diameter of ceramic preform finished product, and lower mould 4 is provided with the cylindrical mold cavity 41 of upper opening, cylindrical mold cavity 41
Depth is more than the height of drift 31, diameter and the brake hub body of cylindrical mold cavity 41（See Fig. 1）External diameter be adapted；Then will
Upper mould 3 and lower mould 4 are preheated to 100~150 DEG C, then in drift 31 and the inner-wall spraying releasing agent of cylindrical mold cavity 41, afterwards will step
Rapid 2）The porous ceramics prefabricated component finished product 5 of middle making is enclosed on drift 31 and fixed, and by step 3）The aluminum alloy melt 6 of middle preparation
With in 650~730 DEG C of pouring temperature quantitative pouring to cylindrical mold cavity 41；Finally by upper mould 3 and the lower matched moulds of mould 4, the upper He of mould 3
After the lower matched moulds of mould 4, there is gap, upper mould 3, lower mould 4 and ceramics are pre- between the bottom surface of drift 31 and the bottom surface of cylindrical mold cavity 41
The cavity that product finished product 5 surrounds is adapted with the shape of brake hub body, and extrusion casint is carried out after matched moulds, controls extrusion casint
Squeeze pressure is 50~150MPa, and upper mould 3 and the lower temperature of mould 4 are 100~250 DEG C, ceramic preform finished product 5 is answered with aluminium alloy
Close, make aluminum alloy melt 6 penetrate into porous ceramic preform finished product 5 and fill between drift 31 and the inwall of cylindrical mold cavity 41
Space, with the metallurgical binding of ceramic preform finished product 5, pressurize molds pickup after 10~60 seconds, obtains automotive brake hub blank；
5）The heat treatment of automotive brake hub blank：To step 4）In obtained 525 DEG C of automotive brake hub blank solution treatment,
Insulation 6 hours, Quenching Treatment is then carried out in the water of more than 60 DEG C of water temperature, last 180 DEG C of Ageing Treatment, insulation 8 hours, is obtained
To automotive brake hub semi-finished product；
6）The machining of automotive brake hub semi-finished product：Automotive brake hub semi-finished product are machined by drawing
Afterwards, automotive brake hub finished product is made, its structural representation is shown in Fig. 1.1 is aluminium alloy brake hub body 1 in Fig. 1, and aluminium alloy is braked
The inwall of hub body 1 is compounded with the ceramic reinforcing material wearing layer 2 of annular shape, ceramic reinforcing material wearing layer 2 and aluminium alloy system
Dynamic hub body 1 is metallurgical binding.
The preparation method of the automotive brake hub of embodiment 2, comprises the following steps：
1）The making raw material of ceramic reinforcing material prepares：By volume fraction, it is short to weigh 12% dry aluminum oxide of preparation
Fiber, 5% fly ash grain and 5% silicon-carbide particle and 30% low-temperature adhesive and 55% high-temperature adhesives, low temperature
Adhesive is the carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution that concentration is 8%, and high-temperature adhesives are the silicon sol solutions that concentration is 15%；
2）The making of ceramic preform：By ready alumina short fibre, aluminosilicate short fiber, fly ash grain and carbon
Silicon carbide particle is well mixed with low-temperature adhesive and high-temperature adhesives, then is quantitatively poured into prefabricated-member mould, it is pressurized to 20~
30MPa, the ceramic preform semi-finished product for removing water, being pressed into annular shape, it is small that 180 DEG C × 12 finally are carried out to the prefabricated component semi-finished product
When drying and processing and the sintering processes of 800 DEG C × 3 hours, obtain porous ceramic preform finished product 5, it is standby；
3）The preparation of aluminum alloy melt：From U.S. trade mark A356 cast aluminium alloy gold, dispensing, aluminium conjunction is carried out in smelting furnace
The melting of gold, 17 minutes are stood after slagging-off, and are incubated at a temperature of 650~730 DEG C, to be cast；
4）The extrusion casint of ceramic preform and aluminium alloy is compound：Squeeze casting mould is got out first, such as Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b
Shown in Fig. 3 c, the squeeze casting mould includes upper mould 3 and lower mould 4, and the lower end of upper mould 3 is provided with drift 31, drift 31 it is outer
Footpath is adapted with the internal diameter of ceramic preform finished product 5, and lower mould 4 is provided with the cylindrical mold cavity 41 of upper opening, cylindrical mold cavity 41
Depth be more than the height of drift 31, the diameter of cylindrical mold cavity 41 and brake hub body（See Fig. 1）External diameter be adapted, lower mould
4 bottom wall offers charging hole 42, and the bottom of lower mould 4 is connected with material cylinder 43, material chamber 44 is provided with material cylinder 43, expects the diameter of chamber 44
It is identical with the aperture of charging hole 42, material chamber 44 be connected through charging hole 42 with cylindrical mold cavity 41, material chamber 24 in be provided with can on
The push rod 45 of lower movement, the external diameter of push rod 45 is with expecting that the diameter of chamber 44 is adapted；Then upper mould 3 and lower mould 4 are preheated to 100~
150 DEG C, then in drift 31 and the inner-wall spraying releasing agent of cylindrical mold cavity 41, afterwards by step 2）The porous ceramics of middle making is prefabricated
Part finished product 5 is enclosed on drift 31 and fixed, and by step 3）The aluminum alloy melt 6 of middle preparation is determined with 650~730 DEG C of pouring temperature
Amount is poured into cylindrical mold cavity 41；Finally by upper mould 3 and the lower matched moulds of mould 4, after upper mould 3 and the lower matched moulds of mould 4, the bottom surface of drift 31
There is gap between the bottom surface of cylindrical mold cavity 41, the cavity and braking that upper mould 3, lower mould 4 and ceramic preform finished product 5 surround
The shape of hub body is adapted, and push rod 45 is pushed up aluminum alloy melt after matched moulds, is carried out extrusion casint, is controlled extrusion casint
Squeeze pressure is 50~150MPa, and upper mould 3 and the lower temperature of mould 4 are 100~250 DEG C, ceramic preform finished product 5 is answered with aluminium alloy
Close, make aluminum alloy melt 6 penetrate into porous ceramic preform finished product 5 and fill between drift 31 and the inwall of cylindrical mold cavity 41
Space, with the metallurgical binding of ceramic preform finished product 5, pressurize molds pickup after 10~60 seconds, obtains automotive brake hub blank；
5）The heat treatment of automotive brake hub blank：To step 4）In obtained 495 DEG C of automotive brake hub blank solution treatment,
Insulation 6 hours, Quenching Treatment is then carried out in the water of more than 60 DEG C of water temperature, last 160 DEG C of Ageing Treatment, insulation 4 hours, is obtained
To automotive brake hub semi-finished product；
6）The machining of automotive brake hub semi-finished product：Automotive brake hub semi-finished product are machined by drawing
Afterwards, automotive brake hub finished product is made, its structural representation is shown in Fig. 1.
The preparation method of the automotive brake hub of embodiment 3, comprises the following steps：
1）The making raw material of ceramic reinforcing material prepares：By volume fraction, it is short to weigh 10% dry aluminum oxide of preparation
Fiber, 5% fly ash grain, 5% silicon-carbide particle and 20% low-temperature adhesive and 60% high-temperature adhesives, low temperature glue
Mixture is the carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution that concentration is 5%, and high-temperature adhesives are the silicon sol solutions that concentration is 10%；
2）The making of ceramic preform：By ready alumina short fibre, fly ash grain and silicon-carbide particle with it is low
Warm adhesive and high-temperature adhesives are well mixed, then are quantitatively poured into prefabricated-member mould, evacuated to 1 × 10-2Pa, it is forced into
20~30MPa, go water, be pressed into annular shape ceramic preform semi-finished product, finally to the prefabricated component semi-finished product carry out 200 DEG C ×
The drying and processing of 10 hours and the sintering processes of 700 DEG C × 3 hours, porous ceramic preform finished product 5 is obtained, it is standby；
3）The preparation of aluminum alloy melt：From Britain trade mark LM24 cast aluminium alloy gold, dispensing, aluminium conjunction is carried out in smelting furnace
The melting of gold, 15 minutes are stood after slagging-off, and are incubated at a temperature of 650~730 DEG C, to be cast；
4）The extrusion casint of ceramic preform and aluminium alloy is compound：Squeeze casting mould is got out first, such as Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b
Shown in Fig. 3 c, the squeeze casting mould includes upper mould 3 and lower mould 4, and the lower end of upper mould 3 is provided with drift 31, drift 31 it is outer
Footpath is adapted with the internal diameter of ceramic preform finished product, and lower mould 4 is provided with the cylindrical mold cavity 41 of upper opening, cylindrical mold cavity 41
Depth is more than the height of drift 31, diameter and the brake hub body of cylindrical mold cavity 41（See Fig. 1）External diameter be adapted；Then will
Upper mould 3 and lower mould 4 are preheated to 100~150 DEG C, then in drift 31 and the inner-wall spraying releasing agent of cylindrical mold cavity 41, afterwards will step
Rapid 2）The porous ceramics prefabricated component finished product 5 of middle making is enclosed on drift 31 and fixed, and by step 3）The aluminum alloy melt 6 of middle preparation
With in 650~730 DEG C of pouring temperature quantitative pouring to cylindrical mold cavity 41；Finally by upper mould 3 and the lower matched moulds of mould 4, the upper He of mould 3
After the lower matched moulds of mould 4, there is gap, upper mould 3, lower mould 4 and ceramics are pre- between the bottom surface of drift 31 and the bottom surface of cylindrical mold cavity 41
The cavity that product finished product 5 surrounds is adapted with the shape of brake hub body, and extrusion casint is carried out after matched moulds, controls extrusion casint
Squeeze pressure is 50~150MPa, and upper mould 3 and the lower temperature of mould 4 are 100~250 DEG C, ceramic preform finished product 5 is answered with aluminium alloy
Close, make aluminum alloy melt 6 penetrate into porous ceramic preform finished product 5 and fill between drift 31 and the inwall of cylindrical mold cavity 41
Space, with the metallurgical binding of ceramic preform finished product 5, pressurize molds pickup after 10~60 seconds, obtains automotive brake hub blank；
5）The heat treatment of automotive brake hub blank：To step 4）In obtained 500 DEG C of automotive brake hub blank solution treatment,
Insulation 6 hours, Quenching Treatment is then carried out in the water of more than 60 DEG C of water temperature, last 160 DEG C of Ageing Treatment, insulation 8 hours, is obtained
To automotive brake hub semi-finished product；
6）The machining of automotive brake hub semi-finished product：Automotive brake hub semi-finished product are machined by drawing
Afterwards, automotive brake hub finished product is made, its structural representation is shown in Fig. 1.1 is aluminium alloy brake hub body 1 in Fig. 1, and aluminium alloy is braked
The inwall of hub body 1 is compounded with the ceramic reinforcing material wearing layer 2 of annular shape, ceramic reinforcing material wearing layer 2 and aluminium alloy system
Dynamic hub body 1 is metallurgical binding.
Fig. 4 is the metallograph of aluminium alloy brake hub body in brake hub made from embodiment 3（200×）；Fig. 5 is implementation
The metallograph of aluminium alloy brake hub body and ceramic reinforcing material wearing layer intersection in brake hub made from example 3（200×）；
Fig. 6 is the metallograph of wearing layer in brake hub made from embodiment 3（200×）.As ise apparent from FIG. 5, ceramic strengthening material
Expect that wearing layer and aluminium alloy brake hub body are metallurgical binding.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of automotive brake hub, including cylindric brake hub body, it is characterised in that described brake hub body closes for aluminium
Golden brake hub body, the inwall of described aluminium alloy brake hub body are compounded with the ceramic reinforcing material wearing layer of annular shape, institute
The ceramic reinforcing material wearing layer stated passes through Extrution casting technique and described aluminium alloy brake hub body metallurgical binding；Described
The composition of ceramic reinforcing material is (5~30) including volume ratio：The ceramic skeleton material and ceramic particle material of (1~25)；Institute
The ceramic skeleton material stated is alumina short fibre and/or aluminosilicate short fiber, and described ceramic particle material is flyash
Grain and/or silicon-carbide particle, a diameter of 5~15 μm of described alumina short fibre, length be 0.8~2.8mm, described silicon
A diameter of 5~15 μm of sour aluminium chopped fiber, length be 0.8~2.8mm, the granularity of described fly ash grain is 10~100 μm,
The granularity of described silicon-carbide particle is 10~100 μm.
2. a kind of automotive brake hub according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described ceramic reinforcing material wearing layer
Thickness is 5~30mm.
3. a kind of automotive brake hub according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described ceramic skeleton material is aluminum oxide
Chopped fiber, described ceramic particle material are fly ash grain.
4. the preparation method of a kind of automotive brake hub described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) the making raw material of ceramic reinforcing material prepares：By volume fraction, weigh and prepare 5~30% dry ceramic skeleton
Material, 1~25% ceramic particle material and 20~40% low-temperature adhesive and 20~60% high-temperature adhesives, it is described
Low-temperature adhesive be carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution that concentration is 3~20%, described high-temperature adhesives are concentration for 10~
60% silicon sol solution；
2) making of ceramic preform：By ready ceramic skeleton material, ceramic particle material and low-temperature adhesive and high temperature
Adhesive is well mixed, then is quantitatively poured into prefabricated-member mould, the pressurized, ceramic preform half that removes water, be pressed into annular shape
Finished product, drying and processing and sintering processes finally are carried out to the prefabricated component semi-finished product, obtain porous ceramic preform finished product, it is standby
With；
3) preparation of aluminum alloy melt：From cast aluminium alloy gold or wrought aluminium alloy, dispensing, the molten of aluminium alloy is carried out in smelting furnace
Refining, 10~20 minutes are stood after slagging-off, and are incubated at a temperature of 650~730 DEG C, to be cast；
4) extrusion casint of ceramic preform and aluminium alloy is compound：Squeeze casting mould is got out first, the squeeze casting mould
Including upper die and lower die, the lower end of described upper mould is provided with drift, the external diameter of described drift and described ceramic preform
The internal diameter of finished product is adapted, and described lower mould is provided with the cylindrical mold cavity of upper opening, and the depth of described cylindrical mold cavity is big
In the height of described drift, the diameter of described cylindrical mold cavity is adapted with the external diameter of described brake hub body；Then
Described upper mould and described lower mould are preheated to 100~150 DEG C, then in described drift and described cylindrical type cavity wall
Releasing agent is sprayed, the porous ceramics prefabricated component finished product made in step 2) is enclosed on afterwards on described drift and fixed, and will
The aluminum alloy melt prepared in step 3) is with 650~730 DEG C of pouring temperature quantitative pouring to described cylindrical type intracavitary；Finally
By described upper mould and described lower mould matched moulds, after described upper mould and described lower mould matched moulds, the bottom surface of described drift with
There is gap between the bottom surface of described cylindrical mold cavity, described upper mould, described lower mould and described ceramic preform into
The cavity that product surround is adapted with the shape of described brake hub body, and extrusion casint is carried out after matched moulds, controls extrusion casint
Squeeze pressure is 50~150MPa, and upper die and lower die temperature is 100~250 DEG C, makes ceramic preform finished product and aluminium alloy compound,
Make upper mould, described lower mould and the described ceramics that in the porous ceramic preform finished product of aluminum alloy melt infiltration and filling is described in advance
The cavity that product finished product surrounds, pressurize mold pickup after 10~60 seconds, obtain automotive brake hub blank；
5) heat treatment of automotive brake hub blank：Automotive brake hub blank solution treatment 480~535 to being obtained in step 4)
DEG C, 5~7 hours are incubated, then carries out Quenching Treatment in the water of more than 60 DEG C of water temperature, last 150~180 DEG C of Ageing Treatment,
Insulation 4~8 hours, obtains automotive brake hub semi-finished product；
6) machining of automotive brake hub semi-finished product：After being machined by drawing to automotive brake hub semi-finished product,
Automotive brake hub finished product is made.
5. the preparation method of a kind of automotive brake hub according to claim 4, it is characterised in that 20 are forced into step 2)
~30MPa；It it is 150~200 DEG C to the drying temperature of prefabricated component semi-finished product in step 2), drying time is 10~20h, to prefabricated
The sintering temperature of part semi-finished product is 700~1000 DEG C, and sintering time is 2.5~4h.
6. the preparation method of a kind of automotive brake hub according to claim 4, it is characterised in that before being pressurizeed in step 2)
Prefabricated-member mould is first evacuated to 1 × 10-2Pa, repressurization, the ceramic preform semi-finished product for removing water, being pressed into annular shape.
A kind of 7. preparation method of automotive brake hub according to claim 4, it is characterised in that extruding used in step 4)
In casting mould, the bottom wall of described lower mould offers charging hole, and the bottom of described lower mould is connected with material cylinder, described material cylinder
Interior to be provided with material chamber, the diameter of described material chamber is identical with the aperture of described charging hole, the described charging hole of described material chamber warp
It is connected with described cylindrical mold cavity, described material intracavitary is provided with push rod moving up and down, the external diameter of described push rod
It is adapted with the diameter of described material chamber.
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| CN106041016B (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2019-01-29 | 佛山市南海奔达模具有限公司 | A kind of forming technology and mold of aluminium alloy car foot pedal |
| CN107191517B (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2023-07-07 | 山东宏马工程机械有限公司 | Brake drum with wear-resisting blocks and casting process thereof |
| CN107876730B (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2019-09-03 | 宁波海瑞时新材料有限公司 | The light metal-based composite material of wear-resistant material, local enhancement and preparation method |
| CN107917160B (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2019-08-20 | 宁波海瑞时新材料有限公司 | A kind of brake disc and preparation method thereof |
| CN108679120B (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2023-11-17 | 广州豹驰实业有限公司 | Electric automobile brake center hub and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113664481A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-11-19 | 广东洪裕智能制造研究院有限公司 | Manufacturing and process of ceramic ventilation brake hub based on light weight |
| CN114633079B (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2023-04-18 | 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 | Production method and cooling device for hot-formed high-strength steel wheel |
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