CN106499754A - Periodic truss structure ceramics framework strengthens light metal composite brake disk - Google Patents
Periodic truss structure ceramics framework strengthens light metal composite brake disk Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of periodic truss structure ceramics framework strengthens light metal composite brake disk, it is characterized in that, which includes metallic matrix, the metallic matrix is provided with one or two friction surface layer, and the friction surface layer is that periodic truss structure ceramics framework strengthens light metal composite friction surface layer.The present invention gives full play to industrial ceramics high rigidity, high abrasion, high temperature resistant, light metal light weight, loss of weight, intensity are high, good toughness, and truss structure damping characteristic good the characteristics of, by appropriate technique, industrial ceramics are prepared into periodic truss structure ceramics framework, then compound with light metal, it is prepared into the novel brake disc for having both characteristics concurrently.Friction including but not limited to the movable machinery equipment such as aircraft, rail traffic vehicles, road traffic vehicle, ship, braking requirement can be satisfied with.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to periodic truss structure ceramics framework strengthens light metal composite brake disk, belong to friction, brake field.
Background technology
With the fast development of modern space flight and aviation, high-speed railway, highway communication and field of wind power generation, the weight of friction clutch and brakes, safety, vibration and noise problem are increasingly paid close attention to.Particularly under high-speed overload operating mode, on the premise of friction clutch and braking ability is not affected, to friction clutch and brakes loss of weight, damping, noise reduction, safe, comfortable, wear-resisting requirement more and more higher.Some functions and structure-integrated new material, because the friction of its significant damping, noise reduction, light weight and brilliance, polishing machine have attracted the concern of Chinese scholars.
Existing ferrous materials brake disc, carbon/carbon compound material brake disc, carbon/ceramic composite material brake disc, ceramic particle strengthen Al alloy composite brake disc, foamed ceramics and strengthen Al alloy composite brake disc and apply coating rubbing-layer in metal surface to improve the brake disc of wearability, though respectively there is its pluses and minuses, seeking a kind of good brake disc of overall performance still becomes the focus that studies in the industry.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of periodic truss structure ceramics framework strengthens light metal composite brake disk, friction including but not limited to the movable machinery equipment such as aircraft, rail traffic vehicles, road traffic vehicle, ship, braking requirement can be satisfied with.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows：
A kind of periodic truss structure ceramics framework strengthens light metal composite brake disk, its key technology point is, which includes metallic matrix, and the metallic matrix is provided with one or two friction surface layer, and the friction surface layer is that periodic truss structure ceramics framework strengthens light metal composite friction surface layer.
As further improvement of the invention, selected from arbitrary following structure：
A. the metallic matrix is provided with a friction surface layer, and the metallic matrix includes metal dish and is arranged at the radiating ribs of the various known forms of the metal dish side, and the friction surface layer and the radiating ribs are separately positioned on the metal dish both sides；
B. the metallic matrix is provided with two friction surface layers, and the metallic matrix includes metal dish, and described two friction surface layers are separately positioned on the metal dish both sides, is commonly called as entire body dish structure brake disc；
C. the metallic matrix is provided with two friction surface layers, the metallic matrix includes two metal dish and connects the connector of described two metal dish, two friction surface layers are separately positioned on the outside of the metal dish, the connector is the radiating ribs of various known forms, is commonly called as venting plate structure brake disc.
As further improvement of the invention, friction surface layer offers ventilation slot and/or air vent, the ventilation slot is opened up along the radial direction of friction surface layer, the ventilation slot is straight line or curve shape in radial direction, the air vent is opened up along the axial direction of friction surface layer, and the air vent is through hole and/or non through hole.
Used as further improvement of the invention, the friction surface layer includes that the thickness that one or more plane is laid strengthens light metal composite for the periodic truss structure ceramics framework of 1 ~ 9mm.
As further improvement of the invention, the periodic truss structure ceramics framework strengthens the light metal that light metal composite is included periodic truss structure ceramics framework and is combined with each other with the periodic truss structure ceramics framework, and the periodic truss structure ceramics framework is formed by the periodic arrangement of various truss structure ceramic units.The various truss structure ceramic units are sectional areas 0.5 ~ 9
The laminations of formation such as mm, the variously-shaped ceramics pole of high 0.5 ~ 3 mm, plate, ball, pipe, obform body, octahedron, cube, the truss element of tetrahedron, rectangular pyramid, fullerene and other structures.
Used as further improvement of the invention, the periodic truss structure ceramics framework accounts for the 5 ~ 60% of composite friction surface layer area, and light metal accounts for the 95 ~ 40% of brake disc composite friction surface layer area.
Improve as of the invention further, the periodic truss structure ceramics framework by selected from carbide ceramics, nitride ceramics, oxide ceramics and ceramic metal any one or more complex phase ceramic, Sialon（Sialon）Pottery is made.
Used as further improvement of the invention, the periodic truss structure ceramics framework strengthens the light metal in light metal composite includes titanium, magnesium, aluminum and its alloy, and adds the enhanced light metal of other materials and its alloy.The enhanced light metal of described interpolation other materials and its alloy are selected from interpolation graphite, CNT or the enhanced light metal of various ceramic particles and its alloy.
Used as further improvement of the invention, the material of the metallic matrix can be various ferrous metal, light metal titanium, magnesium, aluminum and its alloy, and add the enhanced light metal of other materials and its alloy.The enhanced light metal of described interpolation other materials and its alloy are selected from interpolation graphite, CNT or the enhanced light metal of various ceramic particles and its alloy.
As further improvement of the invention, prepared by any one method following：
Method one：
Periodic truss structure ceramics framework is put into mould, adds the light metal after heating, planted through one of techniques such as extruding, die forging, casting or multiple one-shot formings are completed.
Method two：
Periodic truss structure ceramics framework and the metal grill for strengthening metallic matrix are put into mould, add the light metal after heating, planted through one of techniques such as extruding, die forging, casting or multiple one-shot formings are completed.
Method three：
A. periodic truss structure ceramics framework is put into mould first, adds the light metal after heating, through one of techniques such as extruding, die forging, casting kind or multiple be prepared into composite friction surface layer；
B. the metallic matrix material material after and then by heating, is put in mould, through one of techniques such as extruding, die forging, casting kind or multiple is prepared into metallic matrix；
C. finally by composite friction surface layer and metallic matrix by inlaying, welding, one of composite casting, the technique such as riveting are planted or multiple post formings are completed.
Method four：
A. periodic truss structure ceramics framework is put into mould first, adds the light metal after heating, through one of techniques such as extruding, die forging, casting kind or multiple be prepared into composite friction surface layer；
B. the metal grill for strengthening metallic matrix is put in mould, adds the metallic matrix material material after heating, through one of techniques such as extruding, die forging, casting kind or multiple be prepared into the enhanced metallic matrix of metal grill；
C. finally by composite friction surface layer and with the enhanced metallic matrix of metal grill by inlaying, weld, one of composite casting, the technique such as riveting are planted or multiple post formings are completed.
Described metal grill selected from 0.5 ~ 3 mm of seal ring thickness, highly 2 ~ 30
Mm, the grid-shaped metal for having 1 ~ 30 grid every square centimeter.
Compared with prior art, having the beneficial effect that acquired by the present invention：
1. the present invention gives full play to industrial ceramics high rigidity, high abrasion, high temperature resistant, light metal light weight, loss of weight, intensity are high, good toughness, and truss structure damping characteristic good the characteristics of, by appropriate technique, industrial ceramics are prepared into periodic truss structure ceramics framework, then compound with light metal, it is prepared into and has the again good novel brake disc of both characteristics, damping characteristic concurrently.
2. the friction surface layer of brake disc of the present invention is that the light metal or its alloy being combined with each other by periodic truss structure ceramics framework and with the periodic truss structure ceramics framework is composited.Because periodic truss structure ceramics framework biscuit is obtained through forming modes such as slip casting, 3D printings, so the periodic truss structure ceramics framework after sintering has side wall smooth, it is easy to the advantages of liquid metal flow, filling densification for casting, it is suitable for various extruding, die forging, casting technique, and the casting flaw of composite can be reduced, lift yield rate and combination property.
3. composite brake disk according to the present invention can by the excellent plasticity of metal, the high temperature resistant advantage of intensity and periodic truss structure ceramics framework, damping characteristic, bear Dynamic And Static Loads, the ability of friction resistant abrasion combines, make it have good heat resistanceheat resistant degenerative and frictional behaviour, very big cold and hot dead load and cyclic loading are born for a long time can, the friction clutch, braking in the field such as Aero-Space, track and highway communication, machinery has good application prospect.
4. the brake disc that the present invention is provided, with existing with Composition brake shoes, powder metallurgy brake pad and other such as carbon/carbon brake lining, carbon/pottery brake lining etc. is made antithesis and carries out frictional damping when, stable friction factor can fully meet the use requirement of aircraft, rail traffic vehicles, road traffic vehicle, various movable machineries etc. between 0.2 ~ 0.5.
Description of the drawings
Structural representations of the accompanying drawing 1-1 for the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Side views of the accompanying drawing 1-2 for the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Structural representations of the accompanying drawing 2-1 for the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Sectional views of the accompanying drawing 2-2 for the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Structural representations of the accompanying drawing 3-1 for the embodiment of the present invention 3；
Side views of the accompanying drawing 3-2 for the embodiment of the present invention 3；
Accompanying drawing 4 is the structural representation that friction surface layer of the present invention includes polylith composite layer block；
Accompanying drawing 5-1 is the structural representation that friction surface layer of the present invention opens up linear ventilation slot；
Accompanying drawing 5-2 is the structural representation that friction surface layer of the present invention opens up shaped form ventilation slot；
Accompanying drawing 6-1 is the structural representation that friction surface layer of the present invention opens up non through hole air vent；
Accompanying drawing 6-2 is A-A sectional views in 6-1；
Accompanying drawing 6-3 is the structural representation that friction surface layer of the present invention opens up through hole air vent；
Accompanying drawing 6-4 is 6-3 sectional views；
Structural representation of the accompanying drawing 7 for periodic truss structure ceramics framework of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 8 is the various cylinder body shape schematic diagrams of present invention composition periodic truss structure ceramics framework；
In the accompanying drawings：
1 metallic matrix, 2 friction surface layers, 3 radiating ribs, 4 ventilation slots, 5 air vents.
Specific embodiment
Further details of narration is carried out to the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Periodic truss structure ceramics framework used by following examples strengthens the light metal that light metal composite is included periodic truss structure ceramics framework and is combined with each other with the periodic truss structure ceramics framework, as depicted in figures 7 and 8, the periodic truss structure ceramics framework is sectional area 0.5 ~ 9
The laminations of formation such as mm, the variously-shaped ceramics pole of high 0.5 ~ 3 mm, plate, ball, pipe, obform body, octahedron, cube, the periodic arrangement of the truss element of tetrahedron, rectangular pyramid, fullerene and other structures.The periodic truss structure ceramics framework accounts for the 5 ~ 60% of composite friction surface layer area, and light metal accounts for the 95 ~ 40% of brake disc composite friction surface layer area.
Ventilation slot 4 can be opened up as needed on friction surface layer in following examples, as shown in accompanying drawing 5-1, ventilation slot 4 is rectilinear form in radial direction, as shown in accompanying drawing 5-2, ventilation slot 4 is curve shape in radial direction.
Air vent 5 can be opened up as needed on friction surface layer 2 in following examples, as shown in accompanying drawing 6-1 and 6-2, air vent 5 is non-through well format, as shown in accompanying drawing 6-3 and 6-4, air vent 5 is through-hole form.
Single rubbing surface structure brake disc of 1 post forming of embodiment
Referring to shown in accompanying drawing 1-1 and 1-2, a kind of periodic truss structure ceramics framework that the present embodiment is provided strengthens light metal composite brake disk, which includes metallic matrix 1, the metallic matrix 1 is provided with a friction surface layer 2, the metallic matrix 1 includes metal dish and is arranged at the radiating ribs 3 of the metal dish side, the friction surface layer 2 and the radiating ribs 3 are separately positioned on the both sides of the metal dish, the side of metal dish is provided with friction surface layer 2, the metal dish reverse side relative with friction surface layer 2 there are radiating ribs 3.Described friction surface layer 2 is that periodic truss structure ceramics framework strengthens light metal composite friction surface layer, friction surface layer 2 strengthens light metal composite by the two block period truss structure ceramic skeletons that plane is laid and constitutes, and two pieces of composite friction surface layers 2 are kept apart by the ventilation slot 4 that two radial directions are shaped as straight line.
In the present embodiment, periodic truss structure ceramics framework is 95 aluminium oxide ceramics, the light metal being combined with each other with the periodic truss structure ceramics framework in the present embodiment is 2024 aluminium alloys, metallic matrix 1 in the present embodiment is the A350 magnesium alloy brake disc metallic matrixes of built-in ferrous metal grid, makes especially by following methods：
The first step：Press design requirement, 95 aluminium oxide ceramics skeletons of the periodic truss structural arrangement of ceramics company limited in Yixing City hundred million will be purchased from, corresponding size shape is prepared by the size of brake disc drawing requirement, also ceramic skeleton surface can be surface-treated accordingly as needed；
Second step：95 aluminium oxide ceramics skeletons of the periodic truss structural arrangement of well cutting corresponding size shape are put into and are preheated in 450 ± 10 DEG C of forging mold；
3rd step：Will warm up 465 ± 10 DEG C of 2024 aluminium alloys, by applying the pressure of 40 ~ 70MPa, it is combined together with 95 aluminium oxide ceramics skeletons of the periodic truss structural arrangement being put in forging mold, the 95 aluminium oxide ceramics skeletons for forming periodic truss structural arrangement strengthen 2024 aluminium alloy friction surface layers.The friction surface layer can be full circle, or the various other shapes according to design requirement.As needed, variously-shaped air vent, riveted holes can be integrally forged on friction surface layer, standby after heat treatment, machining；
4th step：To be put in forging mold for the ferrous metal grid for strengthening light metal intensity, by warmed-up A350 magnesium alloys, by the method for die forging, being made into integration the back side with ferrous metal grid there are the various brake disc metallic matrixes for setting shape radiating ribs.Brake disc metallic matrix can also integrally forge variously-shaped air vent, riveted holes according to design requirement, standby after heat treatment, machining；
5th step：By inlaying, one of friction welding (FW) or riveting kind or kinds of processes, the friction surface layer for preparing is combined together with brake disc metallic matrix, finished product after retrofit, is made.
Single friction surface layer structure brake disc manufactured in the present embodiment, compare traditional ferrous materials brake disc loss of weight 60% or so, compare other materials brake disc, processing technology is simpler, allowance is less, cost is lower, industrialization production is more prone to, and can meet corresponding friction, damped condition requirement well.Under current energy-saving and emission-reduction, lightweight overall background, the favorable substitutes of undoubtedly traditional ferrous materials brake disc.
2 one-time formed pairs of friction surface layer entire body dish structure brake discs of embodiment
Referring to shown in accompanying drawing 2-1 and 2-2, a kind of periodic truss structure ceramics framework that the present embodiment is provided strengthens light metal composite brake disk, which includes metallic matrix 1, the metallic matrix 1 is provided with two friction surface layers 2, the metallic matrix 1 includes metal dish, described two friction surface layers 2 are separately positioned on the metal dish both sides, i.e. metal dish of two friction surface layers by between is connected together.Friction surface layer 2 strengthens light metal composite by a monoblock periodic truss structure ceramics framework and constitutes.
The present embodiment periodic truss structure ceramics framework is silicon nitride ceramics, and the light metal being combined with each other with the periodic truss structure ceramics framework and metal matrix material are 7075 aluminium alloys, and concrete preparation method is as follows：
The first step：Design requirement is pressed, the silicon nitride ceramics skeleton of periodic truss structural arrangement of the Shijiazhuang favour containing encapsulant factory will be purchased from, be prepared into corresponding brake disc required size shape on request, also ceramic surface can be surface-treated accordingly as needed；
Second step：According to the shape of brake disc, the mould of the double friction surface layer entire body dish structure brake discs of compression casting is designed.The mould includes the die cavity of the silicon nitride ceramics skeleton for placing periodic truss structural arrangement, and the silicon nitride ceramics skeleton of the periodic truss structural arrangement of corresponding size shape is put in the die cavity of pressure casting machine mould；
3rd step：By setting technique, will melting 7075 aluminium alloys, with the pressure of 5 ~ 100MPa, in the die cavity of die casting die for be squeezed into being placed with periodic truss structural arrangement silicon nitride ceramics skeleton, being evacuated, be preheated to 150 ~ 300 DEG C.After cooling, it is that the metal by between connects double friction surface layer entire body dish structure brake discs together to obtain two friction surface layers；
4th step：The silicon nitride ceramics skeleton of the periodic truss structural arrangement obtained by pressure casting process is strengthened the double friction surface layer entire body dish structure brake discs of 7075 aluminium alloys, heat treatment is carried out by the corresponding Technology for Heating Processing of 7075 aluminium alloys；
5th step：The silicon nitride ceramics skeleton that the periodic truss structural arrangement after heat treatment is carried out by corresponding technique is strengthened the double friction surface layer entire body dish structure brake discs of 7075 aluminium alloys, obtains finished product after retrofit.
The double friction surface layer entire body dish structure brake discs prepared using this method, compare traditional ferrous materials brake disc loss of weight 60% or so, compare other materials brake disc, processing technology is simpler, allowance is less, cost is lower, industrialization production is more prone to, and can meet corresponding friction, damped condition requirement well.Under current energy-saving and emission-reduction, lightweight overall background, the favorable substitutes of undoubtedly traditional ferrous materials brake disc.
3 one-time formed pairs of friction surface layer venting plate structure brake discs of embodiment
Referring to shown in accompanying drawing 3-1 and 3-2, a kind of periodic truss structure ceramics framework that the present embodiment is provided strengthens light metal composite brake disk, which includes metallic matrix 1, the metallic matrix 1 is provided with two friction surface layers 2, the metallic matrix 1 includes two metal dish and connects the radiating ribs 3 of described two metal dish, and described two friction surface layers 2 are separately positioned on the outside of the metal dish.Friction surface layer 2 strengthens light metal composite by a monoblock periodic truss structure ceramics framework and constitutes.
Silicon carbide ceramics of the periodic truss structure ceramics framework of the present embodiment for periodic truss structural arrangement, the light metal being combined with each other with the periodic truss structure ceramics framework and metal matrix material are ZL111 aluminium alloys.The present embodiment is formed with one piece low pressure casting, specific as follows：
The first step：Press design requirement, the silicon carbide ceramics skeleton of the periodic truss structural arrangement of the periodic arrangement of the big Correspondent new material company limited in Shijiazhuang east will be purchased from, it is prepared into brake disc required size shape on request, also ceramic surface can be surface-treated accordingly as needed；
Second step：According to the shape of brake disc, design can the double friction surface layer venting plate structure brake discs of low pressure casting mould.The mould includes the silicon carbide ceramics skeleton for placing periodic truss structural arrangement and the die cavity for preparing core used by double friction surface layer venting plate structure brake discs；
3rd step：The silicon carbide ceramics skeleton and core of corresponding size shape periodic truss structural arrangement in order and are required to be sequentially placed in the die cavity of air injection machine mould；
4th：According to technique is set, the ZL111 aluminium alloys of melting, low pressure are cast in the die cavity of the silicon carbide ceramics skeleton and core that are placed with periodic truss structural arrangement.Its concrete technology is as follows：In 200 ~ 500 DEG C of brake disc mold temperature, during 650 ~ 750 DEG C of molten aluminium alloy temperature, the column silicon carbide ceramics and core of periodic arrangement in order and are started low pressure casting in the die cavity that requires be sequentially placed into air injection machine mould.The liquid stage is risen, 1 ~ 12 second pressing time, is filled the type stage, 1 ~ 10 mm/s of the metal bath surface rate of climb, the molten aluminium alloy weight for filling type is 1 ~ 10
Kg/s, filling time 2 ~ 20 seconds fill type pumping rate for 0.004 ~ 0.030
MPa/s；Pressurization stages, are pressurized 0.010 ~ 0.035 on the basis of type supercharging value is filled again
MPa, 5 ~ 60 seconds dwell times；Pressurize solidification stages, time are 20 ~ 500 seconds.After cooling, obtain that two friction surface layers are metal by between and radiating ribs connect double friction surface layer venting plate structure brake discs together；
5th step：The silicon carbide ceramics skeleton of the periodic truss structural arrangement obtained by low-pressure casting process is strengthened the double friction surface layer venting plate structure brake discs of ZL111 aluminium alloys, heat treatment is carried out by the corresponding Technology for Heating Processing of ZL111 aluminium alloys；
6th step：The silicon carbide ceramics skeleton that the periodic truss structural arrangement after heat treatment is carried out by corresponding technique is strengthened the double friction surface layer venting plate structure brake discs of ZL111 aluminium alloys, obtains finished product after retrofit.
The double friction surface layer venting plate structure brake discs prepared using this method, compare traditional ferrous materials brake disc loss of weight 60% or so, compare other materials brake disc, processing technology is simpler, allowance is less, cost is lower, industrialization production is more prone to, and can meet corresponding friction, damped condition requirement well.Under current energy-saving and emission-reduction, lightweight overall background, the favorable substitutes of undoubtedly traditional ferrous materials brake disc.
Double friction surface layer venting plate structure brake discs of 4 post forming of embodiment
A kind of periodic truss structure ceramics framework that the present embodiment is provided strengthens light metal composite brake disk, which includes metallic matrix 1, the metallic matrix 1 is provided with two friction surface layers 2, the metallic matrix 1 includes two metal dish and connects the radiating ribs 3 of described two metal dish, and described two friction surface layers 2 are separately positioned on the outside of the metal dish.Friction surface layer 2 is anticipated as shown in Figure 4, strengthens light metal composite friction surface layer by 9 block period truss structure ceramic skeletons and constitutes.
Silicon carbide ceramics skeleton of the periodic truss structure ceramics framework of the present embodiment for periodic truss structural arrangement, is ZL117 aluminium alloys with the light metal that the periodic truss structure ceramics framework is combined with each other.The present embodiment is formed with composite casting, specific as follows：
The first step：Design requirement is pressed, brake disc rubbing surface layer is divided into 9 equal portions, and prepare the disorderly arranged column silicon carbide ceramics of respective shapes, also ceramic surface can be surface-treated accordingly as needed；
Second step：By the size of the brake disc rubbing surface layer after 9 equal portions, shape design pressure casting mould；
3rd step：The disorderly arranged column silicon carbide ceramics of corresponding size, shape will be prepared, be put in preheated die casting die.Then by technique is set, the ZL117 aluminium alloys of melting, press-in are placed with the die cavity of silicon carbide ceramics skeleton of periodic truss structural arrangement.The friction surface layer of corresponding size after cooling, is obtained, is taken out standby；
4th step：Size, shape according to brake disc, design can the double friction surface layer venting plate structure brake disc of gravitational casting sand mo(u)ld.Include the silicon carbide ceramics skeleton enhancing ZL117 aluminium alloys friction surface layer for placing the arrangement of 9 block period truss structures and the die cavity for preparing core used by double friction surface layer venting plate structure brake discs in the sand mo(u)ld；
5th step：The silicon carbide ceramics skeleton of the periodic truss structural arrangement for preparing is strengthened ZL117 aluminium alloys friction surface layer and prepares pair core used by friction surface layer venting plate structure brake discs and is put in the die cavity of gravitational casting brake disc sand mo(u)ld, pour into the ZL116 aluminium alloys of melting, after cooling, obtain strengthening double friction surface layer venting plate structure brake discs that the double friction surface layers of ZL117 aluminium alloys and ZL116 metallic matrixes are constituted obtained in composite casting technology, by the silicon carbide ceramics skeleton of periodic truss structural arrangement；
6th step：The venting plate structure brake disc that the silicon carbide ceramics skeleton of the periodic truss structural arrangement obtained by composite casting technology is strengthened the double friction surface layers of ZL117 aluminium alloys and ZL116 metallic matrixes composition, carries out heat treatment by the corresponding Technologies for Heating Processing of ZL116；
7th step：The venting plate structure brake disc that the silicon carbide ceramics skeleton for carrying out the periodic truss structural arrangement after heat treatment by corresponding technique is strengthened the double friction surface layers of ZL117 aluminium alloys and ZL116 metallic matrixes composition, obtains finished product after retrofit.
The double friction surface layer venting plate structure brake discs prepared using this method, compare traditional ferrous materials brake disc loss of weight 60% or so, compare other materials brake disc, processing technology is simpler, allowance is less, cost is lower, industrialization production is more prone to, and can meet corresponding friction, damped condition requirement well.Under current energy-saving and emission-reduction, lightweight overall background, the favorable substitutes of undoubtedly traditional ferrous materials brake disc.
The one-time formed single rubbing surface structure brake disc of embodiment 5
A kind of periodic truss structure ceramics framework that the present embodiment is provided strengthens light metal composite brake disk, which includes metallic matrix 1, the metallic matrix 1 is provided with a friction surface layer 2, the metallic matrix 1 includes metal dish and is arranged at the radiating ribs 3 of the metal dish side, the friction surface layer 2 and the radiating ribs 3 are separately positioned on the both sides of the metal dish, the side of metal dish is provided with friction surface layer 2, the metal dish reverse side relative with friction surface layer 2 there are radiating ribs 3.Described friction surface layer 2 is that periodic truss structure ceramics framework strengthens light metal composite friction surface layer.
Silicon carbide ceramics of the periodic truss structure ceramics framework of the present embodiment for periodic truss structural arrangement, the light metal being combined with each other with the periodic truss structure ceramics framework and metal matrix material are Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloys.Concrete grammar is as follows:
The first step：By design requirement, corresponding size, the silicon carbide ceramics skeleton of the periodic truss structural arrangement of shape is prepared, also ceramic surface can be surface-treated accordingly as needed；
Second step：According to Ti alloy casting characteristic and method, design, prepare and can integrally cast out variously-shaped air vent, riveted holes, the back side there are the casting moulds of various setting shape radiating ribs again；
3rd step：The silicon carbide ceramics skeleton of two-dimensional structure periodic truss structural arrangement is put in casting mould；
4th step：Using traditional gravity foundry technology, by the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloys of melting, it is cast in the casting mould of the silicon carbide ceramics skeleton for being placed with periodic truss structural arrangement, the silicon carbide ceramics skeleton of periodic truss structural arrangement and Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloys are combined together, the silicon carbide ceramics skeleton for forming periodic truss structural arrangement strengthens Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy list rubbing surface structure brake discs.The brake disc rubbing surface layer can be full circle, or the various other shapes according to design requirement；
5th step：The silicon carbide ceramics skeleton of the periodic truss structural arrangement that one-step casting molding is completed strengthens Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy list friction surface layer structure brake discs, carries out heat treatment by the Technology for Heating Processing of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloys；
6th step：The silicon carbide ceramics skeleton that Technology for Heating Processing by Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloys is carried out the periodic truss structural arrangement after heat treatment strengthens Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy list friction surface layer structure brake discs, makes finished product after retrofit.
The single friction surface layer structure brake disc prepared using this method, is compared traditional ferrous materials brake disc not only loss of weight 60% or so, and intensity is higher, and durable temperature is higher.Other materials is compared, such as carbon/carbon, carbon/ceramic Moving plate, processing technology is simpler, allowance is less, cost is lower, industrialization production is more prone to.Compare other light metal composite brake disks, such as aluminium alloy, composite material of magnesium alloy brake disc are resistant to friction under the conditions of more complicated operating mode, higher temperature, brake request.Under current energy-saving and emission-reduction, lightweight overall background, the favorable substitutes of undoubtedly traditional ferrous materials brake disc.
6 one-shot forming metal grill of embodiment strengthens single friction surface layer structure brake disc of light metal matrix
A kind of periodic truss structure ceramics framework that the present embodiment is provided strengthens light metal composite brake disk, which includes metallic matrix 1, the metallic matrix 1 is provided with a friction surface layer 2, the metallic matrix 1 includes metal dish and is arranged at the radiating ribs 3 of the metal dish side, the friction surface layer 2 and the radiating ribs 3 are separately positioned on the metal dish both sides, the side of metal dish is provided with friction surface layer 2, the metal dish reverse side relative with friction surface layer 2 there are radiating ribs 3.Described friction surface layer 2 is that periodic truss structure ceramics framework strengthens light metal composite friction surface layer.
95 aluminium oxide ceramics of the periodic truss structure ceramics framework of the present embodiment for periodic truss structural arrangement, the light metal being combined with each other with the periodic truss structure ceramics framework and metal matrix material are A350 magnesium alloys.Concrete grammar is as follows:
The first step：By design requirement, 95 aluminium oxide ceramics skeletons of the periodic truss structural arrangement of corresponding size shape are prepared, also ceramic surface can be surface-treated accordingly as needed；
Second step：According to the size shape of brake disc, design can one die forging forging mold.The forging mold includes the die cavity of the 95 aluminium oxide ceramics skeletons for placing periodic truss structural arrangement and the ferrous metal grid for strengthening metallic matrix, and prefabricated air vent, ventilation slot module, the upper mould of mould is prepared into can the various shapes for setting shape radiating ribs and air vent of one die forging；
3rd step：It is sequentially placed in forging mold by 95 aluminium oxide ceramics skeletons of disorderly arranged periodic truss structural arrangement and for strengthening the ferrous metal grid of A350 magnesium alloys, with contour forging technique, would be heated to the A350 magnesium alloys of uniform temperature, forge in the mold cavity of the 95 aluminium oxide ceramics skeletons and ferrous metal grid that are placed with periodic truss structural arrangement, 95 aluminium oxide ceramics skeletons and ferrous metal grid of the A350 magnesium alloys with periodic truss structural arrangement are combined together, the 95 aluminium oxide ceramics skeletons for forming existing periodic truss structural arrangement strengthen A350 magnesium alloy friction surface layers, there is ferrous metal grid to strengthen A350 magnesium alloys metallic matrix and variously-shaped radiating ribs in metallic matrix again, the monoblock type list friction surface layer structure brake disc of ventilation slot and air vent；
4th step：The 95 aluminium oxide ceramics skeletons by periodic truss structural arrangement obtained by contour forging technique are strengthened A350 magnesium alloy monoblock type list friction surface layer structure brake discs, heat treatment are carried out by relevant technique；
5th step：The A350 magnesium alloy monoblock type list friction surface layer structure brake discs after heat treatment will be carried out by relevant technique, make finished product after retrofit.
The single friction surface layer structure brake disc prepared using this method, compare traditional ferrous materials brake disc loss of weight 65% or so, compare other materials brake disc, processing technology is simpler, intensity is higher, allowance is less, cost is lower, industrialization production is more prone to, and can meet corresponding friction, damped condition requirement well.Under current energy-saving and emission-reduction, lightweight overall background, the favorable substitutes of undoubtedly traditional ferrous materials brake disc.
Skilled artisan would appreciate that accompanying drawing 7 and 8 is only schematically, can not be used for limiting scope of the present application, periodic truss structure ceramics framework can be arbitrarily hollow or solid shape, may be applicable to technical scheme, and realize the purpose of the present invention.
The above embodiment is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the simultaneously exhaustion of the feasible enforcement of non-invention.For persons skilled in the art, any obvious change which is made on the premise of without departing substantially from the principle of the invention and spirit should be all contemplated as falling with the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of periodic truss structure ceramics framework strengthens light metal composite brake disk, it is characterized in that, which includes metallic matrix (1), metallic matrix (1) is provided with one or two friction surface layer (2), and described friction surface layer (2) are that periodic truss structure ceramics framework strengthens light metal composite friction surface layer.
2. a kind of periodic truss structure ceramics framework according to claim 1 strengthens light metal composite brake disk, it is characterised in that selected from arbitrary following structure：
A. metallic matrix (1) is provided with a friction surface layer (2), described metallic matrix (1) includes metal dish and is arranged at the radiating ribs (3) of the various known forms of the metal dish side, and friction surface layer (2) and the radiating ribs (3) are separately positioned on the metal dish both sides；
B. metallic matrix (1) is provided with two friction surface layers (2), and described metallic matrix (1) includes metal dish, and described two friction surface layer (2) are separately positioned on the metal dish both sides；
C. metallic matrix (1) is provided with two friction surface layers (2), described metallic matrix (1) includes two metal dish and connects the connector of described two metal dish, two friction surface layers are separately positioned on the outside of the metal dish, and the connector is radiating ribs (3).
3. a kind of periodic truss structure ceramics framework according to claim 1 strengthens light metal composite brake disk, it is characterised in that friction surface layer（2）Offer ventilation slot (4) and/or air vent (5), ventilation slot (4) are opened up along the radial direction of friction surface layer (2), ventilation slot (4) are straight line or curve shape in radial direction, air vent (5) are opened up along the axial direction of friction surface layer (2), and described air vent (5) are through hole and/or non through hole.
4. a kind of periodic truss structure ceramics framework according to claim 1 strengthens light metal composite brake disk, characterized in that, described friction surface layer (2) include that one or more thickness that plane is laid strengthens light metal composite for the periodic truss structure ceramics framework of 1 ~ 9mm.
5. a kind of periodic truss structure ceramics framework according to any one of claim 1-4 strengthens light metal composite brake disk, it is characterized in that, the periodic truss structure ceramics framework strengthens light metal composite includes the ceramic skeleton and the light metal being combined with each other with the periodic truss structure ceramics framework of periodic truss structure, and the periodic truss structure ceramics framework is formed by the periodic arrangement of various truss structure ceramic units.
6. a kind of periodic truss structure ceramics framework according to claim 5 strengthens light metal composite brake disk, it is characterized in that, the periodic truss structure ceramics framework accounts for the 5 ~ 60% of friction surface layer (2) area, and the light metal accounts for the 95 ~ 40% of friction surface layer (2) area.
7. a kind of periodic truss structure ceramics framework according to claim 5 strengthens light metal composite brake disk, characterized in that, the periodic truss structure ceramics framework by selected from carbide ceramics, nitride ceramics, oxide ceramics and ceramic metal any one or more complex phase ceramic, Sialon pottery makes.
8. a kind of periodic truss structure ceramics framework according to claim 5 strengthens light metal composite brake disk, it is characterized in that, the periodic truss structure ceramics framework strengthens the light metal in light metal composite includes titanium, magnesium, aluminum and its alloy, and adds the enhanced light metal of other materials and its alloy.
9. a kind of periodic truss structure ceramics framework according to claim 1 strengthens light metal composite brake disk, it is characterized in that, the material of metallic matrix (1) can be various ferrous metal, light metal titanium, magnesium, aluminum and its alloy, and add the enhanced light metal of other materials and its alloy.
10. a kind of periodic truss structure ceramics framework according to claim 1 strengthens light metal composite brake disk, it is characterised in that prepared by any one method following：
Method one：
Periodic truss structure ceramics framework is put into mould, adds the light metal after heating, planted through one of techniques such as extruding, die forging, casting or multiple one-shot formings are completed；
Method two：
Periodic truss structure ceramics framework and the metal grill for strengthening metallic matrix are put into mould, add the light metal after heating, planted through one of techniques such as extruding, die forging, casting or multiple one-shot formings are completed；
Method three：
A. periodic truss structure ceramics framework is put into mould first, adds the light metal after heating, through one of techniques such as extruding, die forging, casting kind or multiple be prepared into composite friction surface layer；
B. the metallic matrix material material after and then by heating, is put in mould, through one of techniques such as extruding, die forging, casting kind or multiple is prepared into metallic matrix；
C. finally by composite friction surface layer and metallic matrix by inlaying, welding, one of composite casting, the technique such as riveting are planted or multiple post formings are completed；
Method four：
A. periodic truss structure ceramics framework is put into mould first, adds the light metal after heating, through one of techniques such as extruding, die forging, casting kind or multiple be prepared into composite friction surface layer；
B. the metal grill for strengthening metallic matrix is put in mould, adds the metallic matrix material material after heating, through one of techniques such as extruding, die forging, casting kind or multiple be prepared into the enhanced metallic matrix of metal grill；
C. finally by composite friction surface layer and with the enhanced metallic matrix of metal grill by inlaying, weld, one of composite casting, the technique such as riveting are planted or multiple post formings are completed.
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| CN107606007A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-01-19 | 湖北飞龙摩擦密封材料股份有限公司 | A kind of high ferro brake lining and its manufacture method |
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| CN109681551A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-04-26 | 中南大学 | A kind of light-weighted titanium syncephalon of high-performance use for brake system and preparation method thereof |
| CN110128144A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-08-16 | 北京中煤煤炭洗选技术有限公司 | A kind of metal and ceramic composite |
| CN113441702A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-28 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Double-alloy penetration structure with strong wear-resisting property and preparation method thereof |
| WO2022067600A1 (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-04-07 | 房明 | Light metal structure-dual functional gradient composite material brake disc (drum) |
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| CN113441702A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-28 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Double-alloy penetration structure with strong wear-resisting property and preparation method thereof |
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