CN105016758B - Wear-resistant ceramic material, ceramic partially reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method - Google Patents
Wear-resistant ceramic material, ceramic partially reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105016758B CN105016758B CN201510404621.0A CN201510404621A CN105016758B CN 105016758 B CN105016758 B CN 105016758B CN 201510404621 A CN201510404621 A CN 201510404621A CN 105016758 B CN105016758 B CN 105016758B
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Abstract
The composition of wear-resistant ceramic material disclosed by the invention is including volume ratio（5~30）：（1~25）Ceramic skeleton material and ceramic particle material, the wear-resistant ceramic material wearability is good, it is adaptable to the occasion higher to wearability requirement, can locally be compound in aluminium alloy matrix surface, improves alloy matrix aluminum wearability；Ceramic partially reinforced aluminum matrix composites disclosed by the invention and its workable preparation method, in the wearing layer that the surface part complex abrasion-proof ceramic material of alloy matrix aluminum is made, the local wearability of aluminium alloy can be improved, make full use of aluminium alloy density low simultaneously, the characteristics of thermal conductivity is good, the composite is set to be applicable to various high to wearability and thermal diffusivity requirement and have the occasion of lightweight requirements, it is particularly suited for as brake hub, the brake systems such as brake disc, the service life of brake system can effectively be extended, reduce oil consumption, improve vehicle by performance and shorten braking distance, improve the security of automobile.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ceramics and ceramic composite technical field, specifically a kind of wear-resistant ceramic material and utilization should
Wear-resistant ceramic material carries out the aluminum matrix composite of local enhancement and the preparation method of the aluminum matrix composite.
Background technology
Wear-resistant ceramic material has excellent wearability, and its metal-base composites formed after compound with metal material can
Its wearability is made full use of, preferably part abrasion resistant effect is played.Brake hub and brake disc are safety member crucial on automobile, are risen
Brake drag effect, it is desirable to good wearability and comprehensive mechanical property.When driving, brake hub or brake disc energy
It is no safely and reliably to brake extremely important, if in emergency circumstances there is brake failure, it will cause security incident, or even cause car
People is ruined to die major break down.Therefore, the requirements to brake hub and brake disc are very strict.
Always, automotive brake hub both domestic and external and brake disc are mostly cylinder iron to be integrally cast, its wearability and power
Learn performance good, casting technique is ripe, formable large-scaled complex castings, price is relatively low, be adapted to produce in enormous quantities.But cast iron is braked
Hub and brake disc have at following deficiency；1st, cast iron density is high, and density reaches 7.3g/cm2Left and right, thus brake hub and brake disc weight
Amount is heavier, and the weight of brake hub and brake disc belongs to unspringing weight, the spring loading capacity equivalent to 3 ~ 5 times, undoubtedly can be obvious
Increase vehicle oil consumption, reduce mobility performance, additionally, associated components are dismounted, repair more difficult；2nd, the thermal conductivity of cast iron compared with
Difference, the heat for producing that rubbed during brake is distributed slowly, is easily caused brake system and is worked failure because temperature rise is too high.3rd, cast iron brake hub
Typically cast with molding sand with brake disc, casting dimension accuracy, poor surface smoothness, internal porosity stomata is difficult to control, and casting
The labour intensity of production is high, and environmental pollution is larger.
The content of the invention
First technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of wear-resistant ceramic material.
Second technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide one kind and carries out local enhancement using wear-resistant ceramic material
Ceramic partially reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
3rd technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of system of ceramic partially reinforced aluminum matrix composites
Preparation Method.
The present invention solve the technical scheme that is used of above-mentioned technical problem for：The composition of the wear-resistant ceramic material includes volume
Than for（5~30）：（1~25）Ceramic skeleton material and ceramic particle material.
Preferably, described ceramic skeleton material is alumina short fibre and/or aluminosilicate short fiber, described ceramics
Granular materials is fly ash grain and/or silicon-carbide particle, a diameter of 5~15 μm of described alumina short fibre, length be
0.8~2.8mm, a diameter of 5~15 μm of described aluminosilicate short fiber, length be 0.8~2.8mm, described flyash
The granularity of grain is 10~100 μm, and the granularity of described silicon-carbide particle is 10~100 μm.
Preferably, described ceramic skeleton material is alumina short fibre, described ceramic particle material is flyash
Particle.
The ceramic partially reinforced aluminum matrix composites that local enhancement is obtained, including aluminium are carried out using above-mentioned wear-resistant ceramic material
Alloy substrate and the local wearing layer for being compound in the aluminium alloy matrix surface, described wearing layer is by ceramic skeleton material and ceramics
Granular materials is blended with low-temperature adhesive and high-temperature adhesives, vacuumizes, pressurize, go water, compacting, drying, sintering to form, and makes pottery
The volume ratio of porcelain body frame material, ceramic particle material, low-temperature adhesive and high-temperature adhesives is（5~30）：（1~25）：（20~
40）：（20~60）.
Preferably, described ceramic skeleton material is alumina short fibre and/or aluminosilicate short fiber, described ceramics
Granular materials is fly ash grain and/or silicon-carbide particle, a diameter of 5~15 μm of described alumina short fibre, length be
0.8~2.8mm, a diameter of 5~15 μm of described aluminosilicate short fiber, length be 0.8~2.8mm, described flyash
The granularity of grain is 10~100 μm, and the granularity of described silicon-carbide particle is 10~100 μm.
Preferably, described ceramic skeleton material is alumina short fibre, described ceramic particle material is flyash
Particle.
Preferably, described low-temperature adhesive is concentration be 3~20% carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution, described height
Warm adhesive is the silicon sol solution that concentration is 10~60%.
The preparation method of above-mentioned ceramic partially reinforced aluminum matrix composites, comprises the following steps：By volume fraction, by 5
~30% ceramic skeleton material, 1~25% ceramic particle material, 20~40% low-temperature adhesive and 20~60% high temperature are viscous
Mixture uniformly after mixing, is quantitatively poured into prefabricated-member mould, and pressurize 20~30MPa, removes water and is pressed into prefabricated component；Then will be pre-
First 10~the 20h of drying and processing at a temperature of 150~200 DEG C of product, then 2.5~4h of sintering processes at a temperature of 700~1000 DEG C,
Obtain prefabricated component finished product；Prefabricated component finished product is finally compound in by preprepared alloy matrix aluminum using Extrution casting technique,
Make wearing layer and alloy matrix aluminum metallurgical binding, that is, obtain ceramic partially reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
Preferably, prefabricated-member mould first is evacuated into 1 × 10 before pressurization-2Pa, repressurization, removes water and is pressed into pre-
Product.
Preferably, described alloy matrix aluminum is Al-alloy products, the Al-alloy products are brake hub or brake disc, institute
The wearing layer stated locally is compound in the surface of brake hub or brake disc.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：
The composition of wear-resistant ceramic material disclosed by the invention is including volume ratio（5~30）：（1~25）Ceramic skeleton material
Material and ceramic particle material, wearability are good, it is adaptable to the occasion higher to wearability requirement, can locally be compound in alloy matrix aluminum
Surface, improves alloy matrix aluminum wearability.
Ceramic partially reinforced aluminum matrix composites disclosed by the invention, local enhancement is carried out using wear-resistant ceramic material, is led to
Selective local strengthening is crossed, in the wearing layer that the surface part complex abrasion-proof ceramic material of alloy matrix aluminum is made, can be improved
The local wearability of aluminium alloy, its wearability is up to more than 4 times of traditional cast iron, while making full use of that aluminium alloy density is low, leading
Hot good the characteristics of, it is applicable to the ceramic partially reinforced aluminum matrix composites various high simultaneously to wearability and thermal diffusivity requirement
There is the occasion of lightweight requirements, be particularly suited for, as brake systems such as brake hub, brake discs, can effectively extending skidding
The service life of system, reduces oil consumption, reduces cost of material, processing cost and the maintenance cost of brakes, improves vehicle
By performance and shorten braking distance, improve the security of automobile.
The preparation method of ceramic partially reinforced aluminum matrix composites disclosed by the invention, it is workable, by by ceramics
Framework material and ceramic particle material mix with low-temperature adhesive and high-temperature adhesives, vacuumize, pressurizeing, removing water, compacting, sintering
Porous prefabricated component is made, prefabricated component finished product is finally compound in by preprepared aluminium alloy base using Extrution casting technique
Body, that is, obtain ceramic partially reinforced aluminum matrix composites.Aluminum alloy melt is penetrated into porous prefabricated component during extrusion casint
Composite is formed, the wear-resistant ceramic material layer for constituting composite is tightly combined with alloy matrix aluminum, it is ensured that ceramic partially increases
The wearability and comprehensive mechanical property of strong aluminum matrix composite meet use requirement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the obtained aluminium alloy brake hub with wearing layer of embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the metallograph of aluminium alloy brake hub body in brake hub obtained in embodiment 1（200×）；
Fig. 3 is aluminium alloy brake hub body and ceramic reinforcing material wearing layer intersection in brake hub obtained in embodiment 1
Metallograph（200×）；
Fig. 4 is the metallograph of wearing layer in brake hub obtained in embodiment 1（200×）；
Fig. 5 is the top view of the obtained aluminium alloy brake disc with wearing layer of embodiment 2；
Fig. 6 is A-A sectional views in Fig. 5.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment.
Embodiment 1：Prepare the aluminium alloy brake hub with wearing layer, the brake hub by Britain trade mark LM24 Cast aluminium alloy
Gold is made, and its size is Φ 480mm（External diameter）×227mm（Highly）, the size of the wearing layer that its wear-resistant ceramic material is made is
Φ420mm（Internal diameter）×180mm（Highly）×7mm（Thickness）.Preparation method is comprised the following steps：By volume fraction, by 12%
The concentration of aluminosilicate short fiber, 8% silicon-carbide particle with 20% be 5% carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution and 60% concentration is
10% silicon sol solution uniformly after mixing, is quantitatively poured into prefabricated-member mould, is evacuated to 1 × 10-2Pa, pressurization 20~
30MPa, removes water and is pressed into the prefabricated component of annular shape, and the size of the prefabricated component is Φ 420mm（Internal diameter）×180mm（Highly）×
7mm（Thickness）；Then by the first drying and processing 15h at a temperature of 150~200 DEG C of prefabricated component, then burnt at a temperature of 700~1000 DEG C
Knot treatment 3h, obtains prefabricated component finished product；Prefabricated component finished product is finally compound in by preprepared aluminium using Extrution casting technique
Alloy brake hub matrix, it is the braking of the aluminium alloy with wearing layer for obtaining embodiment 1 to be most heat-treated and be machined through T6 afterwards
Hub finished product, its structural representation is shown in Fig. 1.Aluminium alloy brake hub as shown in Figure 1, including cylindric aluminium alloy brake hub body
1, the inwall of aluminium alloy brake hub body 1 is compounded with the ceramic material wearing layer 2 of annular shape.
Embodiment 2：Prepare the aluminium alloy brake disc with wearing layer, the brake disc by U.S. trade mark A356 Cast aluminium alloy
Gold is made, and its size is Φ 288mm（External diameter）×44.3mm（Thickness）, the size of the wearing layer that its wear-resistant ceramic material is made is
Φ288mm（External diameter）×184mm（Internal diameter）×3mm（Thickness）.Preparation method is comprised the following steps：By volume fraction, by 8%
Alumina short fibre, 7% aluminosilicate short fiber, 5% fly ash grain, 5% silicon-carbide particle and 25% concentration be 3%
Carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution and silicon sol solution that 50% concentration is 12% uniformly after mixing, quantitatively pour into prefabricated-member mould
In, it is evacuated to 1 × 10-2Pa, pressurize 20~30MPa, removes water and is pressed into the prefabricated component of annular shape, and the size of the prefabricated component is
Φ288mm（External diameter）×184mm（Internal diameter）×3mm（Thickness）；Then it is prefabricated component is first at drying at a temperature of 150~200 DEG C
Reason 10h, then the sintering processes 3h at a temperature of 700~1000 DEG C, obtain prefabricated component finished product；Finally will be pre- using Extrution casting technique
Product finished product is compound in preprepared aluminium alloy brake disc matrix, is most heat-treated and is machined through T6 afterwards and is implemented
The aluminium alloy brake disc finished product with wearing layer of example 2, its structural representation is shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.Aluminium as shown in Figures 2 and 3 is closed
Golden brake disc, including aluminium alloy brake disc body 1, one layer is compounded with two working faces of aluminium alloy brake disc body 1 respectively
Wearing layer 2.
Claims (3)
1. ceramic partially reinforced aluminum matrix composites, it is characterised in that including alloy matrix aluminum and local be compound in the aluminium alloy base
The wearing layer in body surface face, described wearing layer is by ceramic skeleton material and ceramic particle material and low-temperature adhesive and high temperature adhesives
Agent is blended, vacuumizes, pressurize, go water, compacting, drying, sintering to form, and ceramic skeleton material, ceramic particle material, low temperature glue
The volume ratio of mixture and high-temperature adhesives is (5~30)：(1~25)：(20~40)：(20~60)；Described ceramic skeleton material
Expect to be alumina short fibre, described ceramic particle material is fly ash grain and silicon-carbide particle, the short fibre of described aluminum oxide
A diameter of 5~15 μm of dimension, length be 0.8~2.8mm, the granularity of described fly ash grain is 10~100 μm, described carbon
The granularity of silicon carbide particle is 10~100 μm；Described low-temperature adhesive is that the carboxymethylcellulose calcium that concentration is 3~20% is water-soluble
Liquid, described high-temperature adhesives are the silicon sol solutions that concentration is 10~60%；The ceramic partially reinforced aluminum matrix composites
Preparation method is comprised the following steps：By volume fraction, by 5~30% ceramic skeleton material, 1~25% ceramic particle material
Material, 20~40% low-temperature adhesive and 20~60% high-temperature adhesives are uniformly after mixing, in quantitatively pouring into prefabricated-member mould,
Prefabricated-member mould is first evacuated to 1 × 10-2Pa, 20~30MPa of repressurization, remove water and be pressed into prefabricated component；Then will be prefabricated
First 10~the 20h of drying and processing at a temperature of 150~200 DEG C of part, then 2.5~4h of sintering processes at a temperature of 700~1000 DEG C, obtain
To prefabricated component finished product；Prefabricated component finished product is finally compound in by preprepared alloy matrix aluminum using Extrution casting technique, is made
Wearing layer and alloy matrix aluminum metallurgical binding, that is, obtain ceramic partially reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
2. the preparation method of the ceramic partially reinforced aluminum matrix composites described in claim 1, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：By volume fraction, by 5~30% ceramic skeleton material, 1~25% ceramic particle material, 20~40% low temperature
Adhesive and 20~60% high-temperature adhesives uniformly after mixing, are quantitatively poured into prefabricated-member mould, are first taken out prefabricated-member mould
Vacuum is to 1 × 10-2Pa, 20~30MPa of repressurization, remove water and be pressed into prefabricated component；Then by prefabricated component first at 150~200 DEG C
At a temperature of 10~20h of drying and processing, then 2.5~4h of sintering processes at a temperature of 700~1000 DEG C, obtain prefabricated component finished product；Most
Prefabricated component finished product is compound in by preprepared alloy matrix aluminum using Extrution casting technique afterwards, makes wearing layer and aluminium alloy base
Body metallurgical binding, that is, obtain ceramic partially reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
3. the preparation method of ceramic partially reinforced aluminum matrix composites according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described
Alloy matrix aluminum is Al-alloy products, and the Al-alloy products are brake hub or brake disc, and described wearing layer is locally compound in system
The surface of dynamic hub or brake disc.
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| CN107573062B (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2023-08-01 | 天宜上佳（天津）新材料有限公司 | Ceramic material with heat insulation performance, ceramic-aluminum alloy brake disc prepared from ceramic material and preparation method of ceramic material |
| CN107538622B (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2019-01-25 | 泊头市瑞恒机械有限责任公司 | The processing method of instrument grade aluminum-base silicon carbide structural member |
| CN107917160B (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2019-08-20 | 宁波海瑞时新材料有限公司 | A kind of brake disc and preparation method thereof |
| CN107876730B (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2019-09-03 | 宁波海瑞时新材料有限公司 | The light metal-based composite material of wear-resistant material, local enhancement and preparation method |
| CN111656040A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2020-09-11 | 福乐尼·乐姆宝公开有限公司 | Method for producing a brake disc and brake disc for a disc brake |
| CN109703131B (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2021-03-05 | 重庆新久融科技有限公司 | Recyclable film-coated aluminum alloy template and preparation method thereof |
| CN113880558A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-04 | 南京万鹏金属制品有限公司 | Automobile part surface wear-resistant layer material and processing technology thereof |
| CN114292126A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method of porous ceramic locally-reinforced composite material automobile brake pad |
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| DE10225954A1 (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2003-12-24 | Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh | Fiber composite component |
| CN100359200C (en) * | 2005-06-28 | 2008-01-02 | 河北星月制动元件有限公司 | Reinforced brake lining |
| CN100503492C (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2009-06-24 | 青岛赛顿陶瓷纤维有限公司 | Dreg ball free alumina silicate cotton velvet and its uses in brake field |
| CN104072110A (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2014-10-01 | 于利祖 | Aluminum alloy |
| CN103573887A (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2014-02-12 | 青岛华瑞胶业设备有限公司 | Automobile brake pad synthetic materials |
| CN103671657A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-26 | 青岛汇而通商贸有限公司 | Novel ceramic material brake pad |
| CN104311034B (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2016-02-03 | 山东正诺集团有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of automobile brake disc carbon/composite material of silicon carbide |
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