CN103878346B - A kind of preparation method of ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103878346B CN103878346B CN201410089306.9A CN201410089306A CN103878346B CN 103878346 B CN103878346 B CN 103878346B CN 201410089306 A CN201410089306 A CN 201410089306A CN 103878346 B CN103878346 B CN 103878346B
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- Prior art keywords
- ceramic particle
- ball
- scale enhancement
- composite
- metal matrix
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- 239000002245 particles Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 239000000919 ceramics Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000002360 preparation methods Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000463 materials Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000011156 metal matrix composites Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000002131 composite materials Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000011159 matrix materials Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011230 binding agents Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixtures Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052751 metals Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002184 metals Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 241001081830 Degeneriaceae Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001070 adhesive Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000853 adhesives Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000037250 Clearance Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035512 clearance Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- DHAHRLDIUIPTCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminium metaphosphate Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,<?xml version='1.0' encoding='iso-8859-1'?>
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<text dominant-baseline="central" text-anchor="end" x='39.9564' y='278.917' style='font-size:19px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#E84235' ><tspan>O</tspan><tspan style='baseline-shift:super;font-size:14.25px;'>-</tspan><tspan></tspan></text>
<text dominant-baseline="central" text-anchor="middle" x='81.3713' y='249.613' style='font-size:19px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#FF60B7' ><tspan>P</tspan></text>
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<text dominant-baseline="central" text-anchor="start" x='74.2729' y='191.586' style='font-size:19px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#E84235' ><tspan>O</tspan></text>
<text dominant-baseline="central" text-anchor="end" x='39.9564' y='153.191' style='font-size:19px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#E84235' ><tspan>O</tspan><tspan style='baseline-shift:super;font-size:14.25px;'>-</tspan><tspan></tspan></text>
<text dominant-baseline="central" text-anchor="middle" x='81.3713' y='123.888' style='font-size:19px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#FF60B7' ><tspan>P</tspan></text>
<text dominant-baseline="central" text-anchor="start" x='124.526' y='152.901' style='font-size:19px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#E84235' ><tspan>O</tspan></text>
<text dominant-baseline="central" text-anchor="start" x='74.2729' y='65.8607' style='font-size:19px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#E84235' ><tspan>O</tspan></text>
<text dominant-baseline="central" text-anchor="end" x='179.147' y='278.917' style='font-size:19px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#E84235' ><tspan>O</tspan><tspan style='baseline-shift:super;font-size:14.25px;'>-</tspan><tspan></tspan></text>
<text dominant-baseline="central" text-anchor="middle" x='220.562' y='249.613' style='font-size:19px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#FF60B7' ><tspan>P</tspan></text>
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<text dominant-baseline="central" text-anchor="start" x='213.463' y='191.586' style='font-size:19px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#E84235' ><tspan>O</tspan></text>
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<text dominant-baseline="central" text-anchor="end" x='10.821' y='78.5264' style='font-size:5px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#E84235' ><tspan>O</tspan><tspan style='baseline-shift:super;font-size:3.75px;'>-</tspan><tspan></tspan></text>
<text dominant-baseline="central" text-anchor="middle" x='22.5552' y='70.2237' style='font-size:5px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#FF60B7' ><tspan>P</tspan></text>
<text dominant-baseline="central" text-anchor="start" x='34.7823' y='78.4442' style='font-size:5px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#E84235' ><tspan>O</tspan></text>
<text dominant-baseline="central" text-anchor="start" x='20.544' y='53.7827' style='font-size:5px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#E84235' ><tspan>O</tspan></text>
<text dominant-baseline="central" text-anchor="end" x='10.821' y='42.9043' style='font-size:5px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#E84235' ><tspan>O</tspan><tspan style='baseline-shift:super;font-size:3.75px;'>-</tspan><tspan></tspan></text>
<text dominant-baseline="central" text-anchor="middle" x='22.5552' y='34.6015' style='font-size:5px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#FF60B7' ><tspan>P</tspan></text>
<text dominant-baseline="central" text-anchor="start" x='34.7823' y='42.8221' style='font-size:5px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#E84235' ><tspan>O</tspan></text>
<text dominant-baseline="central" text-anchor="start" x='20.544' y='18.1605' style='font-size:5px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:sans-serif;fill:#E84235' ><tspan>O</tspan></text>
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- 239000002905 metal composite materials Substances 0.000 description 2
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxozirconium Chemical compound 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- 239000000843 powders Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound 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Abstract
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials, belong to materials science field.
Background technology
Ceramic particle dispersion evenly strengthens metal-base composites and has excellent wearability, but its plasticity and toughness are also very poor, and under higher impact wear operating mode, composite can rupture prematurely and peel off.This becomes the bottleneck of antifriction metal (AFM) based composites development, significantly limit the range of application of metal-base composites.In order to address this problem:
Chinese invention patent CN101898239A utilizes WC particle in vacuum high-temperature, sinter the base substrate of definite shape into, is placed in casting mold end face, adopts negative pressure casting to make molten metal immerse in WC particle gap, forms partially-reinforced composite material.The shortcoming of this technique to adopt WC pottery, has the shortcoming that cost is high.
Chinese invention patent CN102211196 offers blind hole on metal body, inserts the mixed-powder of ceramic powder and self-melting alloy powder wherein, after 1000 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C vacuum-sintering, forms reinforced metal matrix abrasion-resisting compound material in the position of blind hole.Ceramic particle reinforced metal base composites is distributed in metal body by this technique, forms partially-reinforced composite material, can improve the anti impact wear-proof ability of material monolithic.But metal body also will be heated to high temperature by this technique, and energy consumption is higher, and efficiency is lower.
Chinese invention patent CN101912957A discloses a kind of network interpenetrating type ceramic-metal composite material and preparation method thereof.Wherein, SiC ceramic is made three-dimensional rack, as in casting mold, then be poured into iron and steel liquid, form a kind of network interpenetrating ceramic-metal composite material.The wearability of pottery and the toughness of metal effectively combine by this technique, overcome the caducous problem of ceramic unit in military service process, can be applicable to the wearing and tearing under certain impact load.But the manufacture of SiC ceramic support is comparatively complicated in this invention.
Carbide ceramic particles or carbide alloy crushed particles mix with metal dust by Chinese invention patent CN101899585A; and at high temperature sinter column, strip, bulk, cellular precast body into; regularly arranged at casting mold end face; then casting of molten metal; molten metal is made to immerse the gap of ceramic particle; form composite, and composite and base metal form the surface of wearing piece jointly.Composite prepared by this technique has high impact resistance.But wherein can only use the carbide having wetting capacity with molten metal or hard alloy particle, cost is still higher.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials and preparation method thereof, ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites has the ability applied under higher impact wear operating mode, technique is comparatively simple, is applicable to suitability for industrialized production.
The structure of ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials of the present invention is dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 have spherical composite 3, and the structure of spherical composite 3 dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 has ceramic particle 1.
Described metallic matrix 2 is any one in cast steel, cast iron, Al alloy, Cu alloy, Zn alloy, Mg alloy, Ti alloy or Ni alloy.
Described ceramic particle 1 is A1 2o 3, ZrO 2, SiO 2, SiC, B 4c, Si 3n 4, TiN or TiB 2in one or more arbitrary proportion mixtures, its particle diameter is 10 microns ~ 500 microns, and the volume fraction be distributed in spherical composite 3 is 10% ~ 70%.
The diameter of described spherical composite 3 is 1 millimeter ~ 10 millimeters, and the volume fraction be distributed in metallic matrix is 10% ~ 70%.
For obtaining above-mentioned ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites, preparation method disclosed by the invention is as follows:
(1) preparation of ceramic particle ball: ceramic particle is dispersed in adhesive solution, wherein binding agent is 10 ~ 40wt% of ceramic particle quality, then mixture being poured into diameter is in the spherical die of 0.5 ~ 10 millimeter, roasting 30 minutes ~ 2 hours under 100 DEG C ~ 1200 DEG C conditions after the dry demoulding, with stove cooling, obtain the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
(2) preparation of precast body: be that the ratio ball milling of 3 ~ 10wt% of ceramic particle quality mixes according to binding agent by ceramic particle ball and binding agent, and be pressed into precast body;
(3) by precast body roasting 30 minutes ~ 2 hours under the condition of 100 DEG C ~ 1200 DEG C, then the mould of required form is placed in, casting metal matrix fused solution, and adopt gravitational casting, negative pressure casting or extrusion casting method, molten metal is made to be infiltrated up in gap between ceramic particle ball and ceramic particle ball internal clearance, final obtained fine and close ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites.
Described adhesive solution to be modulus be 1.5 ~ 3 water glass solution, the concentration Ludox that is 10% ~ 40%, the concentration aluminium metaphosphate solution that is 5% ~ 20%, water content be 5% ~ 30% cement, concentration be 10% ~ 20% poly-vinyl alcohol solution or concentration be one or more arbitrary proportion mixtures of the starch solution of 5% ~ 20%.
Described drying is placed more than 24 hours under normal temperature condition.
Described ball milling incorporation time is 30 minutes ~ 2 hours, and ball milling speed is 20 ~ 300r/min.
The pressure of described compacting is 5 ~ 40MPa.
Ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites of the present invention has the ability applied under higher impact wear operating mode.This is because, when under high impact loads effect, in the ceramic particle of the first enhancing yardstick or when ceramic particle/basal body interface cracks, crackle is in expansion process, inevitable spherical composite material reinforcement body/basal body interface at the second enhancing yardstick is obstructed, thus hinder the fracture of composite and peel off, improve the wearability of composite.
The present invention has following beneficial effect and advantage:
1, described ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites has the ability applied under higher impact wear operating mode, and its technique is comparatively simple, is applicable to suitability for industrialized production.
2, ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites wearability improves about two to three times than common metal-base composites, and its service life also increases.
3, adopt extrusion casting method to prepare composite, the wettability between ceramic particle and metallic matrix is not specially required.
4, adopt extrusion casting method, ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites once infiltrates and is shaped, and technique is comparatively simple, is applicable to suitability for industrialized production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of composite of the present invention.
In figure: 1-ceramic particle, 2-metallic matrix, the spherical composite of 3-.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment one: as shown in Figure 1, the ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials structure of present embodiment is dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 have spherical composite 3, and the structure of spherical composite 3 dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 has ceramic particle 1.Metallic matrix 2 is Ni alloy.Ceramic particle 1 is TiB 2, its particle diameter is 10 microns ~ 200 microns, and the volume fraction be distributed in spherical composite 3 is 10%.The diameter of spherical composite 3 is 1 millimeter ~ 3 millimeters, and the volume fraction be distributed in metallic matrix is 10%.Concrete preparation method is:
(1) preparation of ceramic particle ball: ceramic particle is dispersed in adhesive solution, wherein binding agent is the 10wt% of ceramic particle quality, then mixture being poured into diameter is in the spherical die of 0.5 millimeter, roasting 30 minutes under 1200 DEG C of conditions after the dry demoulding, with stove cooling, obtain the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
(2) preparation of precast body: be that the ratio ball milling of the 10wt% of ceramic particle quality mixes according to binding agent by ceramic particle ball and binding agent, and be pressed into precast body;
(3) by precast body roasting 30 minutes under the condition of 100 DEG C, then the mould of required form is placed in, casting metal matrix fused solution, and adopt gravitational casting, negative pressure casting or extrusion casting method, molten metal is made to be infiltrated up in gap between ceramic particle ball and ceramic particle ball internal clearance, final obtained fine and close ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites.
Embodiment two: as shown in Figure 1, the ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials structure of present embodiment is dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 have spherical composite 3, and the structure of spherical composite 3 dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 has ceramic particle 1.Metallic matrix 2 is any one in Mg alloy.Ceramic particle 1 is TiN, and its particle diameter is 200 ~ 500 microns, and the volume fraction be distributed in spherical composite 3 is 70%.The diameter of spherical composite 3 is 10 millimeters, and the volume fraction be distributed in metallic matrix is 70%.Concrete preparation method is:
(1) preparation of ceramic particle ball: ceramic particle is dispersed in adhesive solution, wherein binding agent is the 40wt% of ceramic particle quality, then mixture being poured into diameter is in the spherical die of 10 millimeters, roasting 2 hours under 100 DEG C of conditions after the dry demoulding, with stove cooling, obtain the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
(2) preparation of precast body: be that the ratio ball milling of the 3wt% of ceramic particle quality mixes according to binding agent by ceramic particle ball and binding agent, and be pressed into precast body;
(3) by precast body roasting 1 hour under the condition of 1200 DEG C, then the mould of required form is placed in, casting metal matrix fused solution, and adopt gravitational casting, negative pressure casting or extrusion casting method, molten metal is made to be infiltrated up in gap between ceramic particle ball and ceramic particle ball internal clearance, final obtained fine and close ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites.
Embodiment three: as shown in Figure 1, the ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials structure of present embodiment is dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 have spherical composite 3, and the structure of spherical composite 3 dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 has ceramic particle 1.Metallic matrix 2 is Cu alloy.Ceramic particle 1 is SiO 2, its particle diameter is 10 microns ~ 500 microns, and the volume fraction be distributed in spherical composite 3 is 20%.The diameter of spherical composite 3 is 1 millimeter ~ 10 millimeters, and the volume fraction be distributed in metallic matrix is 30%.Concrete preparation method is:
(1) preparation of ceramic particle ball: ceramic particle is dispersed in adhesive solution, wherein binding agent is the 30wt% of ceramic particle quality, then mixture being poured into diameter is in the spherical die of 5 millimeters, roasting 1.5 hours under 800 DEG C of conditions after the dry demoulding, with stove cooling, obtain the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
(2) preparation of precast body: be that the ratio ball milling of the 8wt% of ceramic particle quality mixes according to binding agent by ceramic particle ball and binding agent, and be pressed into precast body;
(3) by precast body roasting 2 hours under the condition of 800 DEG C, then the mould of required form is placed in, casting metal matrix fused solution, and adopt gravitational casting, negative pressure casting or extrusion casting method, molten metal is made to be infiltrated up in gap between ceramic particle ball and ceramic particle ball internal clearance, final obtained fine and close ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites.
Embodiment four: as shown in Figure 1, the ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal matrix composite materials structure of present embodiment is dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 have spherical composite 3, and the structure of spherical composite 3 dispersedly in metallic matrix 2 has ceramic particle 1.Metallic matrix 2 is Al alloy.Ceramic particle 1 is ZrO 2, its particle diameter is 400 microns, and the volume fraction be distributed in spherical composite 3 is 30%.The diameter of spherical composite 3 is 2 millimeters, and the volume fraction be distributed in metallic matrix is 40%.Concrete preparation method is:
(1) preparation of ceramic particle ball: ceramic particle is dispersed in adhesive solution, wherein binding agent is the 20wt% of ceramic particle quality, then mixture being poured into diameter is in the spherical die of 7 millimeters, roasting 0.8 hour under 900 DEG C of conditions after the dry demoulding, with stove cooling, obtain the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
(2) preparation of precast body: be that the ratio ball milling of the 6wt% of ceramic particle quality mixes according to binding agent by ceramic particle ball and binding agent, and be pressed into precast body;
(3) by precast body roasting 1.7 hours under the condition of 600 DEG C, then the mould of required form is placed in, casting metal matrix fused solution, and adopt gravitational casting, negative pressure casting or extrusion casting method, molten metal is made to be infiltrated up in gap between ceramic particle ball and ceramic particle ball internal clearance, final obtained fine and close ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement metal-base composites.
Embodiment five: present embodiment prepares A1 2o 3ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement 40Cr base steel composite material: with the A1 of 100 ~ 120 microns of sizes 2o 3ceramic particle and 40Cr steel matrix form the spherical composite (the first yardstick strengthens) of diameter 3 millimeters, A1 2o 3the volume fraction of ceramic particle is 60%, and then spherical composite evenly spreads to again as reinforcement (the second yardstick strengthens) in 40Cr steel matrix, and its volume fraction is 55%, thus forms A1 2o 3ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement 40Cr base steel composite material.The preparation method of composite is as follows:
Steps A: the preparation of ceramic particle ball: by A1 2o 3ceramic particle dispersed with stirring is glued in solution in 30% Ludox, is poured in the spherical die of diameter 3 millimeters, and 24 hours dry, the demoulding, obtains ceramic particle ball base, then 120 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C progressively intensification roastings 2 hours, stove is cold, obtains the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
Step B: the preparation of precast body: by ceramic particle ball with 5% modulus be 2.2 waterglass bonding agent in ball mill, mix 30 minutes, make the precast body of required form at 10MPa pressure;
Step C: casting: by precast body 800 DEG C of roastings 1 hour, be placed in casting mold die cavity fast after coming out of the stove, then pour into a mould 40Cr molten steel, adopt extrusion casint, molten metal is made to be infiltrated up in gap between ceramic particle ball and ceramic particle ball internal clearance, final obtained fine and close A1 2o 3ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement 40Cr base steel composite material.Obtained composite is than common A1 2o 3ceramic particle strengthens 40Cr base steel composite material wearability and improves 1.5 ~ 3 times, and service life strengthens greatly.
Embodiment six: present embodiment prepares SiC ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement 45 base steel composite material: the spherical composite (the first yardstick strengthens) forming diameter 4 millimeters by the SiC ceramic particle of 80 ~ 100 microns of sizes and 45 steel matrix, the volume fraction of SiC ceramic particle is 50%, then spherical composite evenly spreads to again in 45 steel matrix as reinforcement (the second yardstick strengthens), its volume fraction is 55%, thus forms SiC ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement 45 base steel composite material.The preparation method of described composite is as follows:
Steps A: the preparation of ceramic particle ball: by SiC ceramic particle dispersed with stirring in the aluminium metaphosphate solution of 12%, be poured in the spherical die of diameter 3 millimeters, dry through 24 hours, the demoulding, obtain ceramic particle ball base, then progressively heat up at 120 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C, roasting 2 hours, stove is cold, obtains the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
Step B: the preparation of precast body: by ceramic particle ball with 5% modulus be 2.2 waterglass bonding agent in ball mill, mix 60 minutes, make the precast body of required form at 10MPa pressure;
Step C: casting: by precast body 800 DEG C of roastings 1 hour, casting mold die cavity is placed in fast after coming out of the stove, then 45 molten steel are poured into a mould, adopt gravitational casting, molten metal is made to be infiltrated up in gap between ceramic particle ball and ceramic particle ball internal clearance, final obtained fine and close SiC ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement 45 base steel composite material.This composite improves 1.5 ~ 2 times than common SiC ceramic particle reinforce 45 base steel composite material wearability, and service life also increases.
Embodiment seven: present embodiment prepares SiC ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement aluminum matrix composite: the spherical composite (the first yardstick strengthens) the SiC ceramic particle of 20 ~ 80 microns of sizes and aluminum substrate being formed diameter 5 millimeters, the volume fraction of SiC ceramic particle is 65%, then spherical composite evenly spreads to again in aluminum substrate as reinforcement (the second yardstick strengthens), its volume fraction is 55%, thus forms SiC ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement aluminum matrix composite.The preparation method of described composite is as follows:
Steps A: the preparation of ceramic particle ball: by SiC ceramic particle dispersed with stirring in the aluminium metaphosphate solution of 12%, be poured in the spherical die of diameter 3 millimeters, dry through 24 hours, the demoulding, obtain ceramic particle ball base, then 120 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C roastings 2 hours, stove is cold, obtains the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
Step B: the preparation of precast body: by SiC ceramic particle ball with 5% modulus be 2.2 waterglass bonding agent in ball mill, mix 60 minutes, make the precast body of required form at 20MPa pressure;
Step C: casting: by precast body 600 DEG C of roastings 1 hour, casting mold die cavity is placed in fast after coming out of the stove, then cast aluminum liquid, adopt negative pressure casting, molten metal is infiltrated up in gap between ceramic particle ball and ceramic particle ball internal clearance, obtains final obtained fine and close SiC ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement aluminum matrix composite.This composite improves 2 ~ 3 times than common SiC ceramic particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material wearability, and service life also increases.
Embodiment seven: present embodiment prepares B 4c ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement iron base composite material: with the B of 80 ~ 120 microns of sizes 4c ceramic particle and gray iron matrix form the spherical composite (the first yardstick strengthens) of diameter 3 millimeters, B 4the volume fraction of C ceramic particle is 65%, and then spherical composite evenly spreads to again as reinforcement (the second yardstick strengthens) in gray iron matrix, and its volume fraction is 55%, thus forms B 4c ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement iron base composite material; The preparation method of described composite is as follows:
Steps A: the preparation of ceramic particle ball: by B 4c ceramic particle dispersed with stirring is glued in solution in 25% Ludox, is poured in the spherical die of diameter 5 millimeters, dry through 24 hours, the demoulding, obtains ceramic particle ball base, then 120 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C progressively intensification roastings 2 hours, stove is cold, obtains the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
Step B: the preparation of precast body: by ceramic particle ball with 5% modulus be 2.2 waterglass bonding agent in ball mill, mix 60 minutes, make the precast body of required form at 10MPa pressure;
Step C: casting: by precast body 800 DEG C of roastings 1 hour, be placed in casting mold die cavity fast after coming out of the stove, then pour into a mould gray iron liquid, adopt extrusion casint, molten metal is made to be infiltrated up in gap between ceramic particle ball and ceramic particle ball internal clearance, final obtained fine and close B 4c ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement iron base composite material.This composite is than common B 4c ceramic particle Fe radicle enhancing composite material wearability improves 1.5 ~ 2.5 times, and service life increases.
Embodiment eight: TiN ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement aluminum matrix composite prepared by present embodiment: the spherical composite (the first yardstick strengthens) forming diameter 3 millimeters with the TiN ceramic particle of 100 ~ 120 microns of sizes and A356 aluminum substrate, the volume fraction of TiN ceramic particle is 60%, then spherical composite evenly spreads to again in A356 aluminum substrate as reinforcement (the second yardstick strengthens), its volume fraction is 55%, thus forms TiN ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement aluminum matrix composite.The preparation method of described composite is as follows:
Steps A: the preparation of ceramic particle ball: glue in solution in 30% Ludox by TiN ceramic particle dispersed with stirring, is poured in the spherical die of diameter 3 millimeters, dry through 24 hours, the demoulding, obtains ceramic particle ball base, then
120 DEG C ~ 1000 DEG C progressively intensification roastings 2 hours, stove is cold, obtains the ceramic particle ball with better intensity;
Step B: the preparation of precast body: by ceramic particle ball with 5% modulus be 2.2 waterglass bonding agent in ball mill, mix 60 minutes, make the precast body of required form at 10MPa pressure;
Step C: casting: by precast body 600 DEG C of roastings 1 hour, casting mold die cavity is placed in fast after coming out of the stove, then A356 aluminium liquid is poured into a mould, adopt extrusion casint, molten metal is made to be infiltrated up in gap between ceramic particle ball and ceramic particle ball internal clearance, final obtained fine and close TiN ceramic particle multi-scale enhancement aluminum matrix composite.This composite improves 1.5 ~ 3 times than common TiN ceramic particle reinforced aluminium base composite material wearability, and service life increases.
Below by reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is explained in detail, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the ken that those of ordinary skill in the art possess, various change can also be made under the prerequisite not departing from present inventive concept.
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CN102430743A (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2012-05-02 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing surface-layer composite by using cast-infiltration method |
CN102581259B (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2013-12-04 | 西安交通大学 | Preparation method of ceramic column array reinforced metal based composite material or part |
CN103240402B (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2018-03-09 | 山西银光华盛镁业股份有限公司 | A kind of production method of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material ingot casting |
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