CN103858885B - The bactericidal composition of control apple disease and application thereof - Google Patents
The bactericidal composition of control apple disease and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103858885B CN103858885B CN201410145339.0A CN201410145339A CN103858885B CN 103858885 B CN103858885 B CN 103858885B CN 201410145339 A CN201410145339 A CN 201410145339A CN 103858885 B CN103858885 B CN 103858885B
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- apple
- imazalil
- ningnanmycin
- bactericidal composition
- ring rot
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Abstract
The composite bactericide the present invention relates to a kind of good with environment compatibility, efficient, low toxicity, low-residual, being made up of imazalil and Ningnanmycin, is particularly useful for the application study preventing and treating ring rot of apple and brown spot.In complex composition, the summation action ratio of imazalil and Ningnanmycin two kinds of compositions is 8:1,4:1,2:1 and 1:1, and enhancing proportions is 1:2,1:4 and 1:8, and optimal proportion is 1:2, and it is prevented and treated in ring rot of apple and brown spot in application and has outstanding performance.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of biogenic bactericide, and especially Ningnanmycin and composite rear being applied to as bactericide of imazalil prevent and treat ring rot of apple and brown spot, belong to combination sterilization composition technical field.
Background technology
Ring rot of apple is the important disease of harm Apple and limb, can cause a large amount of decayed fruits, directly affect the income of orchard worker time serious.Apple marssonina leaf spot mainly causes harm blade, also can infect fruit, petiole, endanger the serious time, often cause apple tree to fall leaves in a large number in early days, weakens tree vigo(u)r, all has a significant effect to flower_bud formation and fruit output, quality.For a long time, use chemical bactericide to the main means of prevention of ring rot of apple and brown spot, but a large amount of chemical pesticide use series of problems such as making agricultural ecological is destructurized, controlling object develops immunity to drugs, pesticide residual contamination environment, agricultural industry is impacted serious.In order to ensure food security and the pollution of minimizing to environment of the public, we need to find effectively and the prevention and controls of safety, develop, utilize low toxicity, harmless agricultural chemicals resource.
Ningnanmycin is a kind of biogenic pesticide, it is the Cystosine nucleocide type antibiotic that Strepcomces noursei var. xichangensis (Streptomycesnourseivar Xichangensisn var) produces, this antibiotic is a kind of low toxicity, low-residual, nothing " three cause " and accumulation problems, free from environmental pollution and have the novel pesticide of short plant growth effect.Imazalil is a kind of interior absorption wide-spectrum bactericide, preventive effect is had to many fungal diseases of invasion and attack fruit, vegetables and ornamental plants, especially splendid to penicilliosis common in fruits and vegetables, green mould preventive effect, be recommended as one of bactericide that green agriculture preferentially uses by the Ministry of Agriculture.Its mechanism of action is by affecting cell permeability of the membrane, physiological function and lipid anabolism, thus destroys the cell membrane of germ, suppresses the formation of germ spore simultaneously.
In actual production, proved that imazalil has good effect for the control of ring rot of apple, but brown spot preventive effect is not given prominence to, and Ningnanmycin is fine to apple marssonina leaf spot preventive effect, but to ring rot of apple without obvious preventive effect.
Summary of the invention
In order to reduce the use of agricultural chemicals and improve control efficiency to disease, in the present invention we by biogenic pesticide Ningnanmycin and chemical bactericide imazalil composite, by Toxicity Determination and field trial, establish the optimal proportion of two kinds of medicaments, for production and application, there is good control efficiency to ring rot of apple and brown spot, also reduce pesticide dosage simultaneously, reduce environmental pollution.
The present invention is inquiring into imazalil and the application of complex composition in agriculture field thereof, especially studied for ring rot of apple and Control of Lecanosticta Acicola, aim to provide a kind of prevent and treat ring rot of apple and brown spot Ningnanmycin and imazalil single dose and complex composition thereof.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The bactericidal composition of control apple disease, special character is, the weight proportion of its active ingredient imazalil and Ningnanmycin is 8:1 ~ 1:8;
The bactericidal composition of control apple disease, further improve and be, the synergy weight proportion of its active ingredient imazalil and Ningnanmycin is 1:2 ~ 8;
The bactericidal composition of control apple disease, further improve and be, the optimal proportion of its active ingredient imazalil and Ningnanmycin is 1:2.
The bactericidal composition of control apple disease, its active ingredient imazalil and the weight percentage of Ningnanmycin in whole complex composition are respectively 2% and 4%, and surplus is customary adjuvant additive.
Imazalil has good control efficiency to ring rot of apple, and Ningnanmycin has good control efficiency to apple marssonina leaf spot, and a kind of Ningnanmycin of the present invention and imazalil combination sterilization composition are applied to prevents and treats ring rot of apple and apple marssonina leaf spot.
The bactericidal composition that the present invention prevents and treats apple disease doubly descends application to prevent and treat ring rot of apple and apple marssonina leaf spot has good preventive effect at dilution 600-800.
Imazalil of the present invention and Ningnanmycin complex composition have the following advantages:
1, there is synergistic effect.In the preventive effect experiment of indoor to Botryosphaeria berengeriana f. sp, imazalil and Ningnanmycin all show synergistic effect with the proportioning of 1:2,1:4,1:8, and wherein maximum with the proportioning synergy of 1:2, coefficient of synergism is 1.74.
2, preventive effect significantly and reduce pesticide dosage.We prepare 6% imazalil Ningnanmycin compound and have outstanding performance in field control effectiveness test.Preventing and treating in ring rot of apple test, dilute 600,800 times, two and process preventive effects all more than 85%, wherein 600 times of process preventive effects are significantly higher than 10% imazalil aqueous emulsion 1000 times process and the process of 1000 times, 8% Ningnanmycin aqua, and 800 times of process preventive effects are suitable with imazalil single dose preventive effect; Compound to dilute after 600 times and 800 times the preventive effect of apple marssonina leaf spot all more than 85%, and 600 times of process preventive effects dilute 1000 times of preventive effects higher than 8% Ningnanmycin aqua, and 800 times of process preventive effects are suitable with it.This illustrates compound drug 6% imazalil Ningnanmycin when medicament usage amount reduces still to preventing and treating ring rot of apple and brown spot has remarkable effect.
3, high security.Imazalil is low to person poultry toxicity, and Ningnanmycin is microbial pesticide, without poisoning, environmentally safe.The complex composition that we obtain is safer to crop, environment and fresh fruit eater.
4, reduce germ to develop immunity to drugs risk.As described in advantage 2, the content of complex composition imazalil and Ningnanmycin is all few than the medicament single dose of market sale, when field control disease, dosage also reduces, this significantly alleviates Botryosphaeria berengeriana f. sp and brown spot to the selection pressure of medicament, in addition, imazalil is different with the mode of action of Ningnanmycin to germ, more not easily makes germ develop immunity to drugs after composite.
Embodiment
The following instantiation of the present invention is described in detail, but limitation of the present invention absolutely not.In all proportionings, percentage is all weight percentage.
Embodiment 1
Toxicity Determination and compound proportion screen
1.1 experimental pharmacy
The former medicine of 98% imazalil, Maxime chemical company of Israel product;
The former medicine of 60% Ningnanmycin, Deqiang Biology Co., Ltd.'s product.
1.2 strains tested
Experiment target is designated as ring rot of apple (Botryosphaeria dothidea) germ bacterial strain sample and is separated acquisition, the first generation bacterial strain that single cell culture purifying obtains on the sick fruit in field, saves backup in 4 DEG C of refrigerators.
1.3 instrument and equipment
Instrument and equipment mainly contains electronic balance, superclean bench, bio-incubator, culture dish, pipettor etc.
1.4 experimental technique
Adopt the biomass growth rate method (Mycelium growth rate test) that FAO recommends.
1.4.1 composite reagent
Table 1 imazalil and Ningnanmycin compound proportion
Compound drug diluted concentration gradient under table 2 different proportion
1.4.2 the preparation of pastille flat board
According to the drug concentration gradient of 1.4.1 setting, added by medicament in the PDA medium quantitatively dissolved, make pastille flat board, so that pastille is not dull and stereotyped for blank, every concentration repeats 3 times.
1.4.3 connect bacterium to cultivate
To beat along cultured colony edge with diameter 0.6 ㎝ card punch and get bacterium dish, with sterilization transfer needle, the reversion of bacterium dish is transplanted on flat board, to be placed under 25 DEG C of conditions constant temperature culture 7 days.
1.4.4 result investigation
Intersect mensuration with ruler and measure bacterium colony expansion diameter, contrast bacterium dish with not dispenser and expand compared with diameter, calculate the inhibiting rate of medicament to mycelial growth.
1.5 statistical analysis
Mycelial growth inhibition rate probability value according to each drug concentration logarithm value and correspondence does regression analysis, calculates each medicament virulence regression equation, correlation coefficient (r) and EC
50.
When carrying out drug combination toxicity test, calculate the coefficient of synergism (SR) of complex composition according to Wadley method, evaluate the synergy type of complex composition.Evaluate the synergistic effect of composite reagent according to coefficient of synergism (SR), namely SR<0.5 is antagonism, and 0.5≤SR≤1.5 are summation action, and SR>1.5 is synergistic effect.Coefficient of synergism (SR) calculates by formula (1), (2):
In formula:
X
1----complex composition EC
50theoretical value, unit is mg/L;
P
a---the percentage composition of A in-complex composition, unit is percentage (%);
P
b---the percentage composition of B in-complex composition, unit is percentage (%);
The EC of A----A
50value, unit is mg/L;
The EC of B----B
50value, unit is mg/L.
In formula:
The coefficient of synergism of SR----complex composition;
X
1----complex composition EC
50theoretical value, unit is mg/L;
X
2----complex composition EC
50measured value, unit is mg/L.
1.6 interpretation of result
Tested by indoor virulence, can show that imazalil and Ningnanmycin weight ratio 8:1,4:1,2:1,1:1 have summation action, 1:2,1:4,1:8 have synergistic effect, and 1:2 is optimum compound proportion example.
Table 3 imazalil and the screening of Ningnanmycin optimum compound proportion example
Embodiment 2
Field plot trial
Filter out imazalil according to indoor compound proportion screening experiment: Ningnanmycin=1:2 is optimum proportioning, we have prepared the imazalil Ningnanmycin compound of 6%.
2.1 compound drugs prevent and treat ring rot of apple field trial
6% imazalil Ningnanmycin compound is designed to the field control effectiveness test of ring rot of apple according to the Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals of the Ministry of Agriculture,PRC chief editor " " pesticide field efficacy medicine test criterion (two) " the 118th part: bactericidal agent for preventing and treating ring rot of apple ".
2.1.1 reagent agent
10% imazalil aqueous emulsion 1000 times, Shaanxi Meibang Pesticide Co., Ltd.'s product;
8% 1000 times, Ningnanmycin aqua, Zhejiang Tonglu Huifeng Bioscience Co., Ltd.'s product;
6% imazalil Ningnanmycin 600 times, 800 times, 1000 times, Yantai academy of agricultural sciences prepare.
2.1.2 medicament is contrasted
70% thiophanate-methyl wetting powder 1000 times, Tso Tat Co., Ltd., Japan's product.
2.1.3 Quarter Design
7 process are established in test altogether, often process 4 repetitions, altogether She28Ge community, 4, every community strain tree.Each community randomized arrangement.Spraying equipment adopts workers and peasants 26 type high pressure power driven sprayer, with branch blade whole in tree crown even medicine, till dripping.
2.1.4 control time and method
Picking time, centre 2 strain was chosen in every community, investigated whole fruit, and record total fruit number, sick fruit number, calculate preventive effect with diseased fruit rate; Storage period, after each process fruit rejects disease, worm, wound fruit after gathering, filled the same day under basket puts natural room temperature, and store and within latter 10 days, 20 days, 30 days, investigate once sick fruit number respectively, with accumulation diseased fruit rate calculating preventive effect.
2.1.5 drug effect computational methods
2.1.6 result of the test
The 6% imazalil Ningnanmycin that the basis of lab screening is made is had outstanding performance in the test of field control ring rot of apple, 600 times, 800 times preventive effects are all more than 85%, wherein 600 times of process are significantly higher than 10% imazalil aqueous emulsion 1000 times and 1000 times, 8% Ningnanmycin aqua, 800 times of process and imazalil single dose preventive effect suitable (detailed data is in table 4).
Table 43% imazalil Ningnanmycin prevents and treats ring rot of apple field efficacy
| Process | Diseased fruit rate (%) | Preventive effect (%) | The significance of difference (5%) |
| 10% imazalil aqueous emulsion 1000 times | 3.55 | 89.25 | b |
| 8% 1000 times, Ningnanmycin aqua | 8.35 | 65.23 | d |
| 6% imazalil Ningnanmycin 600 times | 2.58 | 92.33 | a |
| 6% imazalil Ningnanmycin 800 times | 3.43 | 89.81 | b |
| 6% imazalil Ningnanmycin 1000 times | 5.15 | 84.71 | c |
| 70% thiophanate-methyl WP1000 doubly | 5.60 | 83.37 | c |
| Blank | 33.69 |
2.2 compound drugs prevent and treat apple marssonina leaf spot field trial
" " pesticide field efficacy medicine test criterion (two) " the 124th part: bactericidal agent for preventing and treating alternaria leaf spot of apple " with reference to the Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals of the Ministry of Agriculture,PRC chief editor designs 6% imazalil Ningnanmycin compound to the field control effectiveness test of apple marssonina leaf spot.
2.2.1 reagent agent
10% imazalil aqueous emulsion 1000 times, Shaanxi Meibang Pesticide Co., Ltd.'s product;
8% 1000 times, Ningnanmycin aqua, Deqiang Biology Co., Ltd.'s product;
6% imazalil Ningnanmycin 600 times, 800 times, 1000 times, Yantai academy of agricultural sciences prepare.
2.2.2 medicament is contrasted
10% difenoconazole water dispersible granule 1500 times, is first just reaching Suzhou crop science Co., Ltd product.2.2.3 Quarter Design
7 process are established in test altogether, often process 4 repetitions, altogether She28Ge community, 4, every community strain tree.Each community randomized arrangement.Spraying equipment adopts workers and peasants 26 type high pressure power driven sprayer, with branch blade whole in tree crown even medicine, till dripping.
2.2.4 control time and method
Middle 2 strains are chosen in every community, and every strain divides East, West, South, North, middle investigation respectively 2 whole blades of branch, accounts for whole leaf area percentage carry out classification with the lesion area on every a slice leaf.Blade stage division:
0 grade: without scab;
1 grade: lesion area accounts for less than 10% of whole leaf area;
3 grades: lesion area accounts for 11% ~ 20% of whole leaf area;
5 grades: lesion area accounts for 21% ~ 50% of whole leaf area;
7 grades: lesion area accounts for 41% ~ 65% of whole leaf area;
9 grades: lesion area accounts for more than 65% of whole leaf area.
2.2.5 drug effect computational methods
2.2.6 result of the test
The 6% imazalil Ningnanmycin compound that the basis of lab screening is made is had outstanding performance in the test of field control apple marssonina leaf spot, 600 times, 800 times preventive effects are all more than 85%, wherein 600 times of process preventive effects are significantly higher than 10% imazalil aqueous emulsion 1000 times and 1000 times, 8% Ningnanmycin aqua, 800 times of process are suitable with Ningnanmycin preventive effect, higher than the preventive effect (detailed data is in table 5) of imazalil.
Table 56% imazalil Ningnanmycin prevents and treats apple marssonina leaf spot field efficacy
| Process | Disease refers to | Preventive effect | The significance of difference (5%) |
| 10% imazalil aqueous emulsion 1000 times | 13.64 | 67.47 | e |
| 8% 1000 times, Ningnanmycin aqua | 6.03 | 90.04 | c |
| 6% imazalil Ningnanmycin 600 times | 4.06 | 93.30 | b |
| 6% imazalil Ningnanmycin 800 times | 7.05 | 88.35 | c |
| 6% imazalil Ningnanmycin 1000 times | 9.50 | 84.30 | d |
| 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granule 1500 times | 1.01 | 98.33 | a |
| Blank | 60.53 |
Embodiment 3
Safety testing
In complex composition, imazalil and Ningnanmycin content are less than the content of commercially available prod, and therefore it is satisfactory to the toxicity of people and animals and the safety of crop.Composite bactericide is through assert that mechanism's toxicity test result shows to belong to micro-virus kind agricultural chemicals:
Rat acute Oral toxicity LD50 ♂ >5000mg/kg, ♀ >5000mg/kg;
Rat acute percutaneous toxicity LD50 ♂ >20000mg/kg, ♀ >20000mg/kg.
Claims (5)
1. prevent and treat the bactericidal composition of apple disease, be characterised in that, the synergy weight proportion of its active ingredient imazalil and Ningnanmycin is 1:2 ~ 8.
2. the bactericidal composition of control apple disease as claimed in claim 1, be characterised in that, the optimum weight proportioning of its active ingredient imazalil and Ningnanmycin is 1:2.
3. the bactericidal composition of control apple disease as claimed in claim 2, be characterised in that, its active ingredient imazalil and the weight percentage of Ningnanmycin in whole complex composition are 2% and 4%, and surplus is customary adjuvant additive.
4. the bactericidal composition of control apple disease according to claim 3 is applied to and prevents and treats ring rot of apple and apple marssonina leaf spot.
5. the bactericidal composition of control apple disease as claimed in claim 4 is applied to and prevents and treats ring rot of apple and apple marssonina leaf spot, it is characterized in that the 6% imazalil Ningnanmycin field dilution 600 ~ 800 times of making prevents and treats ring rot of apple and apple marssonina leaf spot.
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| 李娟等.3%抑霉唑膏剂防治苹果树腐烂病的效果研究.《陕西农业科学》.2012,(第4期),72-75、80. * |
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Denomination of invention: Bactericidal composition for controlling apple disease and its application Effective date of registration: 20211123 Granted publication date: 20150826 Pledgee: Yantai Fushan huiran Private Capital Management Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: SHANDONG YANTAI AGRICULTURAL SCI & TECH INSTITUTE Registration number: Y2021980012999 |
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