CN1038543C - Non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave - Google Patents
Non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave Download PDFInfo
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- CN1038543C CN1038543C CN94191665A CN94191665A CN1038543C CN 1038543 C CN1038543 C CN 1038543C CN 94191665 A CN94191665 A CN 94191665A CN 94191665 A CN94191665 A CN 94191665A CN 1038543 C CN1038543 C CN 1038543C
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/32—Non-reciprocal transmission devices
- H01P1/38—Circulators
- H01P1/383—Junction circulators, e.g. Y-circulators
- H01P1/387—Strip line circulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/32—Non-reciprocal transmission devices
- H01P1/38—Circulators
- H01P1/383—Junction circulators, e.g. Y-circulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
- H01P3/18—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type built-up from several layers to increase operating surface, i.e. alternately conductive and dielectric layers
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Abstract
A microwave non-reciprocal circuit element which is further miniaturized and of low losses without causing conductor losses in center electrodes following miniaturization. The microwave non-reciprocal circuit element according to the present invention comprises a plurality of center electrodes which are arranged to intersect with each other in a state electrically insulated from each other, and a microwave magnetic or dielectric body which is arranged on an intersecting portion of the plurality of center electrodes, and the respective center electrodes are formed by a plurality of conductors 55, 56 and 57 which are stacked through the microwave magnetic or dielectric body.
Description
The present invention relates to the Nonreciprocal circuit element that uses in microwave band, and relate to the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave that is used for circulator for example or isolator.
In recent years, the miniaturization and the generalization of high-frequency element have remarkable progress at aspects such as mobile communication, and the Nonreciprocal circuit element that is used for these aspects is more pressed for miniaturization and reduces cost.
As above-mentioned Nonreciprocal circuit element, element crosses one another and a plurality of central electrodes of electric insulation and the microwave magnet that is contained in the upper and lower of a plurality of central electrodes are constituted by being arranged in, like this, by permanent magnet D.C. magnetic field is added to the cross one another position at place of above-mentioned a plurality of central electrode, the Nonreciprocal circuit element of this just so-called lumped elements type, for example, the circulator of lumped elements type or isolator.
Fig. 1 is the exploded perspective illustration that is used to illustrate first example of traditional non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave.This non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave has by piling up rectangle dielectric substrate 1 to 3 formed structure.1a is to 1f in outlet, and 2a is made in the upper surface of each dielectric substrate 1 to 3 respectively to 3f to 2f and 3a.Each outlet 1a forms by the conductive film that formation is electrically connected to through hole electrode to 3f, and these electrodes are arranged around the center of each dielectric substrate 1 to 3 respectively.
In dielectric substrate 1, central electrode 4 is made into the form that outlet 1a is connected with outlet 1d.Similarly, central electrode 5 and 6 also is made on the upper surface of dielectric substrate 2 and 3.Central electrode 4 to 6 is made in dielectric substrate 1 to the 3 upper edge different directions expansion of piling up, and just makes by dielectric substrate to cross one another and electric insulation.
Above-mentioned non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave is to make by the mode shown in dielectric substrate 1 to 3 is stacked into.
Fig. 2 is the exploded perspective illustration that is used to illustrate second example of traditional non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave.
In the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of second example, 7a is to 7f in outlet ... 9a is similar to the upper surface that first example is made in dielectric substrate 7 to 9 to 9f, and central electrode 10 is made into similarly to 12.Yet central electrode 10 to 12 has such structure so that the conductor of its longitudinal extension is connected to each other at two end respectively to 12a and 12b 10a and 10b, as shown in the figure.As for other structure, this element is made in the mode that is similar to non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is the exploded perspective illustration that is used to illustrate the 3rd example of traditional non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave.In the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of the 3rd example, by sheet metal, for example the central electrode 14a of Copper Foil composition is arranged on the discoidal microwave magnet 13a.
Central electrode 14a makes such shape, so that pass through the center of microwave magnet 13a upper surface, along diametric(al) expansion and the side that further reaches microwave magnet 13a.Then, the dielectric film 15a that is made up of insulating material is located on the above-mentioned central electrode 14a, and another central electrode 14b is located in the above again and central electrode 14a intersects.Further, dielectric film 15b, central electrode 14c and dielectric film 15c in turn are installed on the above-mentioned central electrode 14b, are also fixed above then microwave magnet 13b being stacked on.At last, permanent magnet is placed on the upper and lower, D.C. magnetic field just is added on the structure that is supported by microwave magnet 13a and 13b like this.
In non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave, the width of central electrode would rather be obtained greatly, because when the central electrode width strengthened, conductor losses reduced.Yet along with the miniaturization of Nonreciprocal circuit element, the width of central electrode also must narrow down inevitably.Therefore, in referring to figs. 1 through 3 described traditional non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave, when wanting further miniaturization, central electrode 4 to 6,10 to 12 and 14a must narrow down to 14c, so just produce such problem, promptly conductor losses strengthens and increases along the attenuation of transmission direction.
On the other hand, in reference Fig. 3 arranges the manufacture method of the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave stated, each central electrode 14a that forms by sheet metal to 14c and dielectric film 15a to the alternately artificial mutually assembling of 15c.Yet because the miniaturization of microwave nonreciprocal circuit, above-mentioned central electrode 14a is reduced to several millimeters now to the length of 14c, and like this, artificial assembling is difficulty very.Therefore, when making small-sized non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave, will cause defective assembling,, just be difficult to obtain simultaneously the very high non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of reliability such as in the misalignment of central electrode 14a to relative position between the 14c.
Because element further, also just has such problem always by artificial assembling as mentioned above, promptly defective assembling also usually causes the increase of production cost.
In addition, need quite a large amount of parts in addition as mentioned above, when the cost that reduces single other parts was restricted, the cost that reduces non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave just was difficult to accomplish.
The purpose of this invention is to provide further miniaturization and have low-loss non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave, and when realizing miniaturization, can not cause the conductor losses in the central electrode.
According to total aspect of the present invention, the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave that is provided comprises being arranged in and crosses one another and electric microwave magnet or the dielectric of going up a plurality of central electrodes of mutual insulating and being contained in the crossover sites of described a plurality of central electrodes, and each described central electrode is made of a plurality of conductor that piles up in microwave magnet or dielectric.
According to the present invention, in non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave, be made into cross one another and electric on each central electrode in a plurality of central electrodes of mutual insulating constituted by a plurality of conductor that in microwave magnet or dielectric, piles up.Because each central electrode is made of above-mentioned a plurality of conductors, but so the conductor losses mat of the central electrode method that increases the conductor number reduced.In addition, when attempting that non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave carried out miniaturization, but the increase mat of conductor losses is simple to be increased and piles up several methods and prevent, can provide by this compared with traditional non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave further miniaturization and have low-loss non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave.
In a particular aspects of the present invention, the a plurality of conductors that constitute described each central electrode can be embedded in microwave magnet or the dielectric, like this, each central electrode can in turn be placed in microwave magnet or the dielectric along thickness direction, so that a plurality of conductor constitutes above-mentioned central electrode.Replacedly, the a plurality of conductors that constitute described each central electrode can be embedded in microwave magnet or the dielectric, like this, constituting the conductor of a central electrode and a plurality of conductors of all the other central electrodes of formation is stacked randomly along thickness direction in microwave magnet or dielectric.
In above-mentioned particular aspects of the present invention, above-mentioned central electrode is embedded in microwave magnet or the dielectric, and in turn be stacked in microwave magnet or the dielectric along thickness direction, a plurality of conductors that perhaps constitute above-mentioned central electrode are stacked in microwave magnet or the dielectric randomly along thickness direction.In any above-mentioned situation, the a plurality of conductors that constitute central electrode are embedded in microwave magnet or the dielectric, not only can reach miniaturization by this and reduce loss, and can use the circumference resistance that central electrode of a plurality of conductors formations improves non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave.
According to another particular aspects of the present invention, non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave has first to the 3rd central electrode part, they comprise described a plurality of conductor, and in turn arranged along thickness direction, at least one conductor that constitutes described first central electrode part is emitted on the 3rd central electrode outside partly along thickness direction, is emitted on first central electrode outside partly and constitute the 3rd central electrode at least one conductor partly along thickness direction.At least one conductor that is emitted on described the 3rd central electrode outside partly and along thickness direction the distance between the 3rd central electrode conductor partly adjacent with this conductor and be emitted on first central electrode part the outside at least one conductor and along thickness direction first central electrode adjacent with this conductor distance between partly is decided to be greater than the distance between other adjacent conductor.
The non-mutual advantage of microwave of the present invention is: (these conductors are to be formed in the outside that is positioned at thickness direction among the first and the 3rd central electrode a plurality of conductors partly of reverse side in arranging the structure of single at least conductor, just along the 3rd or first central electrode of the thickness direction outside partly, as previously discussed), might use the conductor of aforesaid way arrangement and the deficiency that three or first central electrode partly the conductor adjacent with described conductor compensates distributed capacitance.Like this, might increase at the distributed capacitance of the first and the 3rd central electrode between partly, and make at the distributed capacitance of the first and the 3rd central electrode between partly and equal partly and the distributed capacitance between second central electrode and partly and the distributed capacitance of third electrode between partly at second central electrode at first central electrode.Therefore, insert loss (I.L.) characteristic, isolation characteristic and reflection loss characteristic and can be made into unification, and might improve the performance of Nonreciprocal circuit element.Further, might mat the distributed capacitance of each central electrode between partly obtain matching capacitance.Like this, might save the circuit element that is used to mate that is added separately usually, and miniaturization and the weight reduction that might handle Nonreciprocal circuit element, also may reach the reduction of the cost of Nonreciprocal circuit element.
Further, the conductor that constitutes each central electrode part is made into sandwich construction, and therefore, the resistance of central electrode is reduced, and has therefore improved the Q value.Like this, the Q value can be improved, and has therefore reduced the insertion loss.
Adopt non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of the present invention to help significantly high-frequency element like this, such as the miniaturization of mobile communication device, generalization and performance improvement.
Fig. 1 is the exploded perspective illustration that is used to illustrate first example of traditional non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave.
Fig. 2 is the exploded perspective illustration that is used to illustrate second example of traditional non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave.
Fig. 3 is the exploded perspective illustration that is used to illustrate the 3rd example of traditional non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave.
Fig. 4 is the exploded perspective illustration that is used to illustrate first embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the exploded perspective illustration that shows the modification of doing according to the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of first embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the exploded perspective illustration that shows second kind of modification doing according to the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of first embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the exploded perspective illustration that shows the third modification of doing according to the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of second embodiment.
Fig. 8 is the exploded perspective illustration that is used to illustrate according to the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of second embodiment.
Fig. 9 is the perspective view that is presented at employed magnetic undressed (magnetic greensheet) among the 3rd embodiment.
Figure 10 A, 10B, 10C are each perspective views that is presented at undressed of magnetic among the 3rd embodiment and is printed on the conductor on this sheet.
Figure 11 is the exploded perspective illustration that is used for illustrating undressed of the magnetic of piling up at the 3rd embodiment.
Figure 12 is the perspective view that is presented at the laminated sheet that disposes among the 3rd embodiment.
Figure 13 is the exploded perspective illustration that strikes out discoidal laminate.
Figure 14 is the perspective view that is used to illustrate the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave that is drawn by the 3rd embodiment.
Figure 15 is the exploded perspective illustration that is used to illustrate according to the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 16 is presented at overlap the mutually partial section at position of conductor in the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave shown in Figure 15.
Figure 17 is the partial section that is used to illustrate the correction of being done according to the microwave nonreciprocal circuit of the 4th embodiment, and it is the figure corresponding to Figure 16.
Figure 18 is the equivalent circuit diagram that is used to illustrate common isolator.
Figure 19 is the exploded perspective illustration that is used to illustrate according to the electrode arranging structure of the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 20 is the partial section that is used to illustrate according to the isolator of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 21 is the perspective view that is used to illustrate according to the isolator of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 22 is the partial section that is used to illustrate the modification of doing according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Realize best mode of the present invention
Embodiment according to non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of the present invention is described now, to illustrate details of the present invention.
First embodiment
Fig. 4 is the exploded perspective illustration that is used to illustrate according to the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of the first embodiment of the present invention.Non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave according to first embodiment also constitutes their methods together fastened to each other with adhesive glue by piling up a plurality of rectangle dielectric substrates 21 to 26.As for dielectric substrate 21 to 26, can use by the arbitrary medium material, such as the dielectric substrate of barium titanate media ceramic composition.
On the upper surface of dielectric substrate 21 to 26, make respectively around the upper surface center with hexagon and distributing and the outlet 21a that is connected to pore electrod arrives 26f to 21f...26a.For example, for dielectric substrate 21, the conductor 27a that constitutes central electrode is made on its upper surface, so that in above-mentioned outlet outlet 21a and 21d are connected to each other.Similarly, conductor 27b also is made on the upper surface of dielectric substrate 22, so that outlet 22a is connected with 22d.But conductor 27a and 27b mat are coated with baking or special conducting film forming process behind the conducting resinl and make respectively.
According to present embodiment, above-mentioned conductor 27a and 27b are electrically connected mutually by pore electrod in its end, constitute a central electrode by this.
Similarly, the conductor 28a and the 28b that are made on the upper surface of dielectric substrate 23 and 24 constitute a central electrode, and the conductor 29a and the 29b that are made on the upper surface of dielectric substrate 25 and 26 constitute another central electrode.
In the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave according to present embodiment, each central electrode is made of to 29a and 29b a plurality of conductor 27a and the 27b that pile up along thickness direction, as previously discussed.In addition when each conductor 27a when the width of 27b narrows down along with the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave miniaturization, because central electrode is made of a plurality of conductors that pile up thereby conductor losses can diminish.Like this, might obtain having the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of low-loss and miniaturization.
Fig. 5 to 7 is each exploded perspective illustration that show the modification of doing according to the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of first embodiment.These are revised and all be same as first embodiment except central electrode partly change, and therefore same part is just represented with identical reference number, and omit the description to it.
In modification shown in Figure 5, conductor 27a is made into to 29b and has paired electrode partly, and this partly is made into along the crack 30 to electrode and extends, as shown in the figure.Like this, just might further reduce the loss of conductor.
In modification shown in Figure 6, on the other hand, the conductor 27a and the 27b that constitute first central electrode are made on dielectric substrate 21 and 24.Similarly, conductor 28a and the 28b that constitutes second central electrode is made on dielectric substrate 22 and 25.Further, conductor 29a and the 29b that constitutes the 3rd central electrode is made on dielectric substrate 23 and 26.Can arrange randomly along thickness direction when like this, the conductor that constitutes each central electrode in the end piles up.
In modification shown in Figure 7, conductor 27a is made in the center of a pair of outlet that is connected by conductor to 29b imagination connects the one-sided of straight line.For example, as describing conductor 27a and 27b typically, conductor 27a is made in a side of above-mentioned imaginary line, and conductor 27b is made in the opposite side of above-mentioned imaginary line.Therefore, conductor 27a and 27b just arrange into non-overlapping copies along thickness direction when piling up.The conductor that is piled up on all the other central electrodes is discharged into non-overlapping copies similarly along thickness direction.
Second embodiment #S Fig. 8 is the exploded perspective illustration that is used to illustrate according to the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of the second embodiment of the present invention.In the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave according to present embodiment, dielectric substrate 31 is stacked on together to 33.As for these dielectric substrates 31 to 33, can use those substrates of forming by the material that is similar to first embodiment.
On the upper surface of dielectric substrate 31 to 33, make the outlet 31a that distributes with the normal interval hexagon around the center respectively and arrive 33f, and be electrically connected on the through hole electrode with conducting film to 31f...33a.Further, conductor 34 is made into outlet 31a and 31d is connected to each other, and conductor 35 is made into outlet 32c and 32f are connected to each other, and similarly, and conductor 36 is made into outlet 3b and 33c are connected to each other.
As for all the other outlets, on the other hand, conductor 40a is to 40d, 41a be made into to 41d and 42a to 42d each outlet respectively be made in through hole electrode 37a near the center-side place of the upper surface of dielectric substrate 31 and 33 to 37d, 38a is electrically connected mutually to 39d to 38d and 39a.
Above-mentioned conductor 40a to 42d be made into and the conductor 34 to 36 that piles up mutually by dielectric substrate 31 to 33 respectively in any conductor part ground overlaid.Further, same above-mentioned conductor mat through hole electrode is electrically connected to the central electrode that overlaps each other that is stacked.
For example, conductor 40b and 40d be made into along with dielectric substrate 32 on the same direction of conductor 35 extend, and conductor 42b and 42d similarly also are made into along extending with the same direction of conductor 35.Further, these conductors 40b, 40d, 42b and 42d are electrically connected with conductor 35.Therefore, under stacked state, not only above-mentioned conductor 35, and above-mentioned conductor 40b, 40d, 42b and 42d are connected between a pair of outlet, and a central electrode is made of a plurality of conductors that pile up by this, is similar to the situation of first embodiment.Like this, when carrying out miniaturization, the width of each conductor narrows down (it is such to be similar to first embodiment) inevitably, and conductor losses can reduce, and by this, might obtain having the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of low-loss and miniaturization.
By second embodiment, clearly be used to constitute a plurality of conductors same direction extension in edge simply of central electrode in the present invention, as long as be to be arranged to and the interconnected conductor of paired outlet equally, and there is no need each all conductors directly is electrically connected mutually with paired outlet.
The 3rd embodiment
As the 3rd embodiment, following concrete experimental example is described.
Mainly by yittrium oxide (Y
2O
3) and iron oxide (Fe
2O
3) magnetic formed is dispersed in the organic solvent of polyvinyl alcohol bond, with preparation magnetic slurries.The magnetic paint for preparing is used to have with doctor blade coater (doctor blade coater) casting the magnetic printing circuit substrate of tens microns uniform thickness, and these substrate punching out rectangle that is 40mm * 20mm.
Shown in Figure 9 have undressed 51 of rectangular magnetic and make in the above described manner.Mat is palladium powder and platinum powder and the mixed method preparation conducting resinl of organic solvent, do not make in above-mentioned magnetic with the method for screen painting on the upper surface of sheet 51 and prints, and do not make sheet 52 to 54 to make the magnetic shown in Figure 10 (a) to (c).Do not make on the sheet 52 to 54 in magnetic, elongated rectangular conductor 55 to 57 is made by printing conductive glue by above-mentioned mode respectively.These conductors 55 to 47 are made into around each center of not making the utmost point 52 to 54 and depart from about 120 ° mutually.
Then, as shown in figure 11, be not stacked and obtain laminated sheet make sheet 52 by the polylith magnetic made from upper type, then similarly piling up polylith magnetic does not make sheet 53 and 54, further these laminated sheets all are stacked, piling up polylith does not at an upper portion thereof and at a lower portion thereof again have the magnetic of the blank of printed conductor not make sheet 51, and compresses combination to these undressed along thickness direction.Figure 12 has shown this laminated sheet.
See clearly that from Figure 12 a plurality of conductors 55 to 57 are stacked in the laminated sheet 58 by magnetosphere as shown in the figure.A plurality of conductors 55 to 57 constitute central electrode at last respectively.
Then, above-mentioned laminated sheet 58 is dashed and is formed near the disc format that is local, the about 10mm of diameter that conductor 55 to 57 crosses one another, laminate discoidal to obtain, that do not heat.Figure 13 has shown the exploded perspective illustration of the disc laminate that obtains by this way.See clearly that from Figure 13 conductor 55 to 57 is stacked on respectively in the above-mentioned disc laminate by the state of magnetosphere with mutual electric insulation.In Figure 13, do not make reference number that sheet adopts for the magnetic of original made and be used to respectively on the magnetosphere that punching out becomes disc format.
Then, the disc laminate mat of Zhi Zuoing remains on 1300 ℃ to 1500 ℃ 5 to 15 hours method of temperature to them and is fired in the above described manner, to obtain sintered body.Figure 14 has shown resulting sintered body with the perspective view form.In sintered body 60, a plurality of conductors 55 to 57 are stacked on inside with the form of a plurality of thorough sintered body layers respectively.The outer perimeter side 60a of the sintered body 60 that obtains in the above described manner is carried out polishing so that expose two terminations of conductor 55 to 57 reliably at sidewall, and makes the external electrode of the formation that is electrically connected to each conductor.The mat use comprises the conducting resinl of frit (glass frit) and toasts so that make external electrode.Obtained non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave like this, in the above described manner according to the 3rd embodiment.
In the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave according to present embodiment, a central electrode is made of above-mentioned a plurality of conductors 55, and a central electrode is made of a plurality of conductors 56 similarly, and a central electrode is made of a plurality of conductors 57 similarly.
Then, ground electrode is made on the upper surface and lower surface of sintered body 60 of the Nonreciprocal circuit element that obtains in the above described manner, or the ground electrode be made up of metallic plate is connected with them, and each single termination of three above-mentioned central electrodes is electrically connected and ground connection.Further, the upper and lower of permanent magnet and sintered body is connected mutually, and D.C. magnetic field is added to central electrode by permanent magnet.And above-mentioned permanent magnet is clamped to form the closed magnetic path of magnetic, so that constitute Nonreciprocal circuit device by yoke.Can be installed in the above-mentioned sintered body with the associated impedance matching capacitor of this class Nonreciprocal circuit device, or in the outside of sintered body.
In according to non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of the present invention, central electrode is made of 55 to 57 of a plurality of conductors respectively as mentioned above, and when being similar to first embodiment and carrying out the miniaturization of non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave, conductor losses can be reduced by this.Therefore, might obtain having the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of low-loss and miniaturization.In addition, but the mat pottery piles up integral sintered technology and piles up as mentioned above, and by this, its package count can be reduced compared with using sheet metal to make the conventional method of non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave.Further, also might save complicated manual operation.In addition, make conductor, can make very thin conductor at an easy rate by this with print steps.Might easily obtain the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of further miniaturization like this.
When the magnetic flakes that obtains with the casting of blade coater by the doctor was used in the 3rd embodiment, media sheet also can be used to substitute magnetic flakes.
In above-mentioned manufacture method with screen painting conductor be made in do not make on the sheet in, other method for example photogravure also can be used.
Further, the preparation of magnetic flakes or media sheet is not restricted to the doctor uses the blade coater, and can be alternatively by other method for example extrusion moulding realize.
And, also can not use the sheet of not making of before having been cast, above-mentioned laminated sheet can be by means of supporting glue that printing on film or the similar material comprises dielectric material or magnetic material at polyester, making it dry, repeating step such as printing conductive glue and being made into then.
Though constituting a plurality of conductors of a central electrode is stacked along thickness direction, and in the 3rd embodiment, the a plurality of conductors that constitute another central electrode are stacked, yet further, being similar to the modification that first embodiment is done, also is that the conductor that constitutes different central electrodes in the 3rd embodiment can be stacked randomly along thickness direction.
And, the modification that the flat shape that constitutes the conductor 55 to 57 of central electrode also can be similar to first embodiment to be done and revising with various different modes.
The 4th embodiment
Though a plurality of conductors that constitute each central electrode are stacked along thickness direction in first to the 3rd above-mentioned embodiment and pass magnetosphere or dielectric layer, yet a plurality of conductors can be made on the identical height and position, thereby, be made in the locational a plurality of conductors of equal height and in non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave, be stacked further and pass dielectric layer or magnetosphere along thickness direction.Figure 15 has just shown this example with exploded perspective illustration.
In the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave according to the 4th embodiment, pair of conductors 71a and 71b are made on the thin slice of being made up of dielectric material or insulating material 72 parallel to each other, can see significantly from Figure 15.The first central electrode part of being made up of a plurality of conductor 71a and 71b 77 is to form by three such thin slices 72 are piled up.Similarly, the second central electrode part 78 can be formed by that be made up of dielectric material or insulating material and a plurality of thin slices 74 that be furnished with paired conductor 73a and 73b are piled up.Further, but the 3rd central electrode part 79 mats that be made up of dielectric material or insulating material and a plurality of thin slices 76 that be furnished with paired conductor 75a and 75b are piled up and form.First to the 3rd above-mentioned central electrode part 77 to 79 is made into and crosses one another, and to constitute central electrode, these common conductors form 120 ° angle when piling up like this.80 and 81 expression ferrites.
Figure 16 is the partial section according to the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of the 4th embodiment.This sectional view has only shown above-mentioned conductor 71a, the part that 73a and 75a overlap mutually along thickness direction.
Preferably, in according to the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of the 4th embodiment, insulating barrier 82 and 83 is placed between the first and the 3rd central electrode part 77 to 79, as shown in figure 17.
In addition, in non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave and non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave according to modification shown in Figure 17 according to the 4th embodiment shown in Figure 15 and 16, a central electrode is to be similar to first to the 3rd embodiment to be made of a plurality of conductor that overlaps each other like that, by this, it is such to be similar to first to the 3rd embodiment, and the conductor losses in the central electrode is reduced.Further, because the reducing of the resistance of each central electrode, the Q of central electrode is worth to improve.
The 5th embodiment
Though because central electrode is constituted as a plurality of conductor by piling up along thickness direction described at above-mentioned first to the 4th embodiment, conductor losses can reduce, yet might more preferably design the electrical characteristics that the arrangement that constitutes first to the 3rd central electrode conductor partly further improves nonreciprocal element by mat, the situation among the 5th embodiment as described below is such.
Figure 18 has shown the basic equivalent electric circuit of the isolator of general lumped elements type.These isolator 101 mats three center conductor L1 to the mutual electric insulation of L3 be emitted on and cross one another into 120 ° on the ferrite 102, and constitute along the D.C. magnetic field Hex that axially adds of ferrite 102.First termination of above-mentioned each center conductor L1 and L3 is connected to ground, and matching capacitance C1 and C3 are connected to second termination.Further, terminating resistor R3 is connected to the termination P3 of the central electrode L3 of above-mentioned each center conductor L1 in the L3.The function of above-mentioned isolator 101 is for to transmit signals to port P2 from port P1, and absorbs the ripple that returns from port P2 by terminating resistor R2 and be transferred to port P1 to stop it, prevents that by this unwanted ripple ingoing power amplifier etc. from locating.
About Nonreciprocal circuit element (for example represented), have the mutual unequal problem of distributed capacitance between first to the 3rd central electrode part by the equivalent electric circuit of Figure 18 according to the 4th embodiment.Just, in the structure shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16, first central electrode partly the 77 and the 3rd central electrode partly 79 is made in partly 78 upper and lower of second central electrode.Therefore, second central electrode partly 78 and first central electrode partly the distributed capacitance between 77 and second central electrode partly the distributed capacitance between the 78 and the 3rd center part 79 equate mutually.Yet, be different from the distributed capacitance between above-mentioned second central electrode part 78 and central electrode part 77 and 79 outside, have in the first and the 3rd central electrode problem that partly distributed capacitance is reduced between 77 and 79.In other words, the distributed capacitance C3-1 between port P1 and port P3 shown in Figure 180 has been reduced compared with distributed capacitance C1-2 and C2-3.
In order to compensate the deficiency of above-mentioned distributed capacitance C3, can expect, increase the matching capacitance amount of the matching capacitance element C1 and the C3 that are connected to port P1 and P3.Yet, when the capacitance of matching capacitance element C1 and C3 increases, the work balance is worsened so that cause dispersion at each port P1 to Insertion Loss characteristic between the P3 and aspects such as isolation characteristic, reflection loss characteristic, thereby can not obtain the electrical characteristics of uniformity.
Lumped elements type isolator according to the 5th embodiment has solved the problems referred to above, so it has further shown optimal way of the present invention.
With reference to Figure 19 to 21, the 105th, the isolator of embodiment present embodiment, it is to cross one another into 120 ° of same intervals by first to the 3rd central electrode part 106 to 108 that below will describe is arranged to, ferrite 109 and 110 is placed on electrode upper and lower partly, and ferrite 109 and 110 and above-mentioned each central electrode part 106 and 108 make integral body and constitute.
Further, input/output end port electrode 113a is made in each ground electrode 112a between the 112c and be on the outer circumferential surface of above-mentioned isolator 105 to 113c, and figure goes up unshowned terminal resistance and is connected on the port electrode 113c in three port electrodes.When above-mentioned input/output end port electrode 113c did not connect this terminal resistance and is connected on the external circuit, present embodiment just carried out work as circulator so.
First termination of first to the 3rd above-mentioned central electrode part 106 to 108 partly is connected respectively to above-mentioned ground electrode 112a to 112c, and second termination partly is connected respectively to above-mentioned input/output end port electrode 113a to 113c.The above-mentioned isolator 5 of #S is placed in the magnetic yoke that constitutes closed magnetic path (not shown on the figure), and this isolator is made of the axial core that direct current biasing magnetic field is added to above-mentioned ferrite 109 and 110 permanent magnet that is contained in the yoke.First to the 3rd above-mentioned central electrode part 106 to 108 of #S be mat respectively on heat insulating lamella 117 setting manufacture three conductor 114a to 114c, 115a to 115c and 116a to 116c, and make with the method for alternately piling up when they are disposed opposite to each other, and they are become: second central electrode partly 107 is sandwiched in the first and the 3rd central electrode centre partly.
Shown in Figure 19 and 20, be placed on above-mentioned first central electrode partly the conductor 114a of an outer side of 106 nestle up a partly outer side of 108 bottom of the 3rd central electrode, and be placed on the 3rd central electrode partly the conductor 116c of an outer side of 108 nestle up a partly outer side on 106 top of the first above-mentioned central electrode.Above-mentioned first central electrode partly 106 conductor 114a is connected to port electrode 113a, and ground electrode 112a is connected to above-mentioned conductor 114b and 114c, and the conductor 116c of above-mentioned the 3rd central electrode part 108 is connected to above-mentioned port electrode 113c, and ground electrode 112c is connected to conductor 116a and 116b.
Further, heat insulating lamella 118 is inserted between above-mentioned conductor 114a and the 3rd central electrode part 108, and heat insulating lamella 118 is inserted between above-mentioned conductor 116c and first central electrode part 106.Like this, the twice between the center that is approximately respectively apart from the T conductor partly between above-mentioned each conductor 114a and 116c and the center conductor part 108 and 106 apart from t.
Work/the effect of present embodiment is described now.
According to present embodiment, partly the conductor 114a of an outer side of 106 and 108 and 116c are shifted respectively and are arranged in and nestled up a partly outer side of 108 and 106 of opposite central electrode to be placed on the one or three central electrode, and being widened to about the twice of distance between the conductor partly of center apart from T between them, can partly 108 and 106 obtain enough distributed capacitance by these conductors 114a and 116c and the 3rd and first central electrode that nestles up them by this, and therefore its value is equal to distributed capacitance between second central electrode part 107 and adjacent with it the first and the 3rd central electrode part 106 and 108.Therefore, the balance of the effect between each central electrode part 106 to 108 can be improved, and Insertion Loss characteristic, isolation characteristic and reflection loss characteristic can be able to unification, and might be improved on performance.#S is according to present embodiment, the matching capacitance of central electrode can be got the partly distributed capacitance between 106 and 108 of above-mentioned each central electrode, and distributed capacitance is to be taken between the ground plate 111a of each conductor 114a and 116c and ferrite 109 and 110 and the 111b, might obtain matching capacitance in above-mentioned ferrite 109 and 110 by this.Therefore, the matching circuit element that adds separately traditionally can be unnecessary.Owing to can reduce component number, might accomplish miniaturization and weight reduction, might help to reduce cost simultaneously.Replacedly, present embodiment also can combine with matching circuit element.
According to present embodiment, further, the conductor 114a of each central electrode part 106 to 108 is to 114c, and 115a is stacked as sandwich construction to 115c and 116a to 116c, and by this, central electrode Q value partly can be improved, and inserting loss thus can reduce.Further, also might use the method for firing above-mentioned each central electrode and matching capacitance etc. on ferrite simultaneously, like this, above-mentioned each electrical characteristics can further improve.
Can clearly see from Figure 21, further, preferably do three conductors that constitute central electrode differing heights position partly not overlappingly mutually on thickness direction, so that characteristic is more stable.
Though in the above-described embodiments, each central electrode partly is made of three layers of central electrode, yet the present invention is not limited thereto, and each central electrode partly can be made of two-layer or four layers of central electrode at least.
Figure 22 has shown the modification that the foregoing description is done, and on this figure, represents identical or corresponding part with the identical reference number on Figure 19.This modification is such example, be its central electrode partly 106 to 108 each partly all constitute by four layers of central electrode, and in this case mat central electrode is shifted respectively and be arranged in the first and the 3rd central electrode partly the method for an outer side of 106 and 108 can obtain being similar to the effect of the foregoing description.
Though it is discoidal situation that each above-mentioned embodiment is applicable to isolator always, yet, also be applicatory for parallelepiped or polygonal situation of rectangle, have no particular limits.Further, though the foregoing description describe for isolator, yet the present invention also can be applicable to circulator in the nature of things, and also can be applicable to other microwave high-frequency element.
Claims (2)
1. non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave comprises:
Be arranged in and cross one another and electric a plurality of central electrodes of going up mutual insulating; And
Be contained in the microwave magnet or the dielectric of the crossover sites of described a plurality of central electrodes,
Described each central electrode is made of a plurality of conductor that piles up in microwave magnet or dielectric; It is characterized in that:
Has first to the 3rd central electrode formed by described a plurality of conductors and in turn arrange along thickness direction partly;
Constitute described first central electrode at least one conductor partly and be arranged at the 3rd a central electrode outer side partly, and formation the 3rd central electrode at least one conductor partly is arranged at first a central electrode outer side partly along thickness direction along thickness direction;
Be made into greater than the distance between other adjacent conductor with at least one conductor that is arranged in first a central electrode outer side partly with along the distance between the conductor of the 3rd or first central electrode part adjacent with it on the thickness direction at least one conductor that is arranged in described the 3rd a central electrode outer side partly;
Wherein be made about the twice of distance between other adjacent conductor with at least one conductor that is arranged in first a central electrode outer side partly with along the distance between the conductor of the 3rd or first central electrode part adjacent with it on the thickness direction at least one conductor that is arranged in described the 3rd a central electrode outer side partly;
The conductor that wherein said first to the 3rd central electrode partly is arranged such that them crosses one another with 120 ° angle.
2. according to the non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the a plurality of conductors that wherein constitute described each central electrode are embedded in microwave magnet or the dielectric, constitute a plurality of conductors of a central electrode and a plurality of conductors of another central electrode of formation and in microwave magnet or dielectric, pile up, and at least one additional electrode is placed between a pair of central electrode that will interconnect along thickness direction.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP91011/94 | 1994-04-28 | ||
| JP09101194A JP3178239B2 (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1994-04-28 | Non-reciprocal circuit device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1120375A CN1120375A (en) | 1996-04-10 |
| CN1038543C true CN1038543C (en) | 1998-05-27 |
Family
ID=14014602
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94191665A Expired - Fee Related CN1038543C (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1994-09-29 | Non-reciprocal circuit element for microwave |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0707353B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3178239B2 (en) |
| KR (2) | KR960701491A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1038543C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69428793T2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1995030252A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69621567T2 (en) * | 1995-11-27 | 2002-10-31 | Murata Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Non-reciprocal circuit element |
| JP3077057B2 (en) * | 1997-01-14 | 2000-08-14 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Non-reciprocal circuit device |
| JP3412588B2 (en) * | 1999-12-17 | 2003-06-03 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Non-reciprocal circuit device and communication device |
| JP4517326B2 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2010-08-04 | 日立金属株式会社 | Non-reciprocal circuit device and wireless communication device using the same |
| CN116454577B (en) * | 2023-04-07 | 2024-09-13 | 大连麻利那电子有限公司 | Processing technology of circulator center conductor and circulator center conductor |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5726912A (en) * | 1980-07-09 | 1982-02-13 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Lump constant type circulator and isolator |
| JPH0434520A (en) * | 1990-05-31 | 1992-02-05 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | Recording medium and recorder |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5761314A (en) * | 1980-09-05 | 1982-04-13 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Lumped constant type circulator and isolator |
| FR2659499B1 (en) * | 1990-03-09 | 1992-11-27 | Tekelec Airtronic Sa | SYSTEM FOR TRANSMITTING ELECTRICAL ENERGY, MICROWAVE, WITH GYROMAGNETIC EFFECT, SUCH AS A CIRCULATOR, ISOLATOR OR FILTER. |
| JP3121829B2 (en) * | 1990-11-06 | 2001-01-09 | ティーディーケイ株式会社 | Non-reciprocal circuit device capacitor and non-reciprocal circuit device |
| JP3230586B2 (en) * | 1991-05-22 | 2001-11-19 | ティーディーケイ株式会社 | Central conductor for non-reciprocal circuit device and non-reciprocal circuit device |
| JP3230588B2 (en) * | 1991-07-15 | 2001-11-19 | ティーディーケイ株式会社 | Non-reciprocal circuit device |
| JP3211841B2 (en) * | 1992-04-17 | 2001-09-25 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Non-reciprocal circuit device and method of manufacturing the same |
| JP3213921B2 (en) * | 1992-04-25 | 2001-10-02 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Non-reciprocal circuit device |
| JPH06291514A (en) * | 1993-04-02 | 1994-10-18 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | Irreversible circuit element for microwave |
-
1994
- 1994-04-28 JP JP09101194A patent/JP3178239B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-09-29 WO PCT/JP1994/001623 patent/WO1995030252A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-09-29 EP EP94927809A patent/EP0707353B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-29 KR KR1019950704076A patent/KR960701491A/en active Application Filing
- 1994-09-29 DE DE69428793T patent/DE69428793T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-29 CN CN94191665A patent/CN1038543C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-04-26 KR KR1019997003647A patent/KR100310729B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5726912A (en) * | 1980-07-09 | 1982-02-13 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Lump constant type circulator and isolator |
| JPH0434520A (en) * | 1990-05-31 | 1992-02-05 | Victor Co Of Japan Ltd | Recording medium and recorder |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR960701491A (en) | 1996-02-24 |
| EP0707353A4 (en) | 1996-09-04 |
| JP3178239B2 (en) | 2001-06-18 |
| CN1120375A (en) | 1996-04-10 |
| WO1995030252A1 (en) | 1995-11-09 |
| EP0707353A1 (en) | 1996-04-17 |
| DE69428793T2 (en) | 2002-05-23 |
| DE69428793D1 (en) | 2001-11-29 |
| JPH07297607A (en) | 1995-11-10 |
| KR100310729B1 (en) | 2001-10-18 |
| EP0707353B1 (en) | 2001-10-24 |
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Granted publication date: 19980527 Termination date: 20100929 |