CN103809616B - Be suitable for the control method of the position of sun dual-axis tracking system structure of partly covering - Google Patents
Be suitable for the control method of the position of sun dual-axis tracking system structure of partly covering Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Be suitable for the position of sun dual-axis tracking system control method that part is covered, belong to photovoltaic power generation technology field, it is characterized in that being separately installed with photo resistance at four drift angles of traditional position of sun dual-axis tracking system upper bracket. Its control method is: (1) sets initial value; (2) judge whether to reach Fmin, be, carry out (3), no, return to (2); (3) M initial value is " 0000 ", carries out (4); (4) judge R9=R10, be, for " 1 ", no, be " 0 ", store first of M into, carry out (5); (5) judge R11=R12, be, for " 1 ", no, be " 0 ", store M second into, carry out (6); (6) judge R9=R11, be, for " 1 ", no, be " 0 ", store the 3rd of M into, carry out (7); (7) judge R10=R12, be, for " 1 ", no, be " 0 ", store the 4th of M into, carry out (8); (8) obtain Rmin, search operation countermeasure, adjust SαAnd Sγ, until meet R9=R10=R11=R12, carry out (9); (9) whether △ t finishes, and is, carries out (10); No, wait for, return to (9); (10) judge whether to reach Fend, be that system stops, no, carries out (2).
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solar energy generation technology field, be specifically related to a kind of structure of photovoltaic dual-axis tracking systemAnd tracking and controlling method.
Background technology
At present, the development and utilization of regenerative resource obtains the concern of national governments day by day, by photovoltaic by the sunCan convert electric energy to and there is very large potentiality to be exploited. According to Joint Research Centre of European Union prediction in 2004, to this generationJi Mo, the ratio of photovoltaic generation in All Around The World energy supply will exceed 30%. Existing photovoltaic generation isSystem adopts fixed installation photovoltaic module mode mostly, and this structure only can ensure certain a period of time in annual some dayCarve, sunshine is irradiated to photovoltaic module with best angle, so the utilization rate of sunshine is relatively low. IfPhotovoltaic module adopts double-axis tracking mode to follow the tracks of the sun, can make photovoltaic generating system generating efficiency improve30%～50%. But existing photovoltaic dual-axis tracking system (below will referred to as " system ") is not mostly examinedConsider the sun and hidden by part that worn-out (so-called " part hides worn-out " refers to that sunray is due to by the cloud of process, buildingCover with parts such as trees, the intensity of solar radiation that causes arriving photovoltaic module surface is inconsistent) impact, leadCause system keeps track deterioration of efficiency, photovoltaic generating system delivery efficiency reduces. In addition, existing system mostly onlyPay close attention to the structure of system, and there is no the tracking and controlling method of attention location system, therefore cause the system can not be accurateTrace into actual position of sun. Therefore, research provides and is suitable for the position of sun double-axis tracking that part is coveredThe control method of system architecture is very necessary.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to one group of photo resistance is installed in the structure of dual-axis tracking system, provide a kind of and controlMethod, can overcome the shortcoming that prior art exists effectively.
The present invention is achieved in that as shown in Figure 1, be include upper bracket 1, connection bracket 2,Top stepping motor and worm and gear sub-assembly 3, middle bracket 4, bottom stepping motor and worm and gearThe double-axis tracking position of sun knot of sub-assembly 5, lower bracket 6, data acquisition and control module 7 and base 8On the basis of structure, in four of support 1 drift angle places, be separately installed with at an upper portion thereof first, second, third,The 4th photo resistance 9,10,11,12, is characterized in that the control method of this system to be: two according to photovoltaicThe structure precision of axle tracing system requires to determine the minimum operation angle △ of system, determines each run interval time△ t; The preset value that whether is less than that judges resistance value maximum in above-mentioned four photosensitive 9,10,11,12, isSystem reaches the minimum intensity of solar radiation F of operationminSetting value, no, wait for and reach minimum intensity of solar radiationFmin, be that setting a storage element M initial value is " 0000 ", successively to first, second, third,Resistance value R in four photo resistance 9,10,11,129、R10、R11、R12Compare order relativelyFor: judge R9=R10, be, be designated as " 1 ", no being designated as " 0 ", stores first of memory cell into, entersNext step; Judge R11=R12, be, be designated as " 1 ", no being designated as " 0 ", stores memory cell second into, entersEnter next step; Judge R9=R11, be, be designated as " 1 ", no being designated as " 0 ", stores the 3rd of memory cell into,Enter next step; Judge R10=R12, be, be designated as " 1 ", no being designated as " 0 ", stores memory cell the 4th intoPosition, enters next step; Obtain minimum photosensitive resistance value Rmin, enter in following ruuning situation, search mutually and meet the tendencyRow countermeasure:
If storage unit values is " 1111 ", i.e. R9=R10、、R11、=R12R9=R11R10=R12, for nothing is covered,Keep elevation angle SαWith azimuth Sγ；
If storage unit values is " 1110 ", i.e. R9=R10、、R11、=R12R9=R11R10≠R12, this situation can notCan occur;
If storage unit values is " 1101 ", i.e. R9=R10、、R11、=R12R9≠R11R10=R12, this situation can notCan occur;
If storage unit values is " 1100 ", i.e. R9=R10、、R11、=R12R9≠R11R10≠R12, under illustrative systemPortion has covers, according to minimum operation angle △ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection is adjusted elevation angle Sα, untilMeet R9=R10=R11=R12；
If storage unit values is " 1011 ", i.e. R9=R10、、R11、≠R12R9=R11R10=R12, this situation can notCan occur;
If storage unit values is " 1010 ", i.e. R9=R10、、R11、≠R12R9=R11R10≠R12, the 4th light is describedQuick resistance R12Place has and covers, according to minimum operation angle △ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection is adjusted azimuthSγ, until meet R9=R10=R11=R12；
If storage unit values is " 1001 ", i.e. R9=R10、、R11、≠R12R9≠R11R10=R12, the 3rd light is describedQuick resistance R11Place has and covers, according to minimum operation angle △ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection is adjusted azimuthSγ, until meet R9=R10=R11=R12；
If storage unit values is " 1000 ", i.e. R9=R10、、R11、≠R12R9≠R11R10≠R12, under illustrative systemSituation is covered in complexity in portion, according to minimum operation angle △ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection adjustment heightAngle Sα, until meet R9=R10=R11=R12；
If storage unit values is " 0111 ", i.e. R9≠R10、、R11、=R12R9=R11R10=R12, this situation can notCan occur;
If storage unit values is " 0110 ", i.e. R9≠R10、、R11、=R12R9=R11R10≠R12, the second light is describedQuick resistance R10Place has and covers, according to minimum operation angle △ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection is adjusted azimuthSγ, until meet R9=R10=R11=R12；
If storage unit values is " 0101 ", i.e. R9≠R10、、R11、=R12R9≠R11R10=R12, the first light is describedQuick resistance R9Place has and covers, according to minimum operation angle △ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection is adjusted azimuthSγ, until meet R9=R10=R11=R12；
If storage unit values is " 0100 ", i.e. R9≠R10、、R11、=R12R9≠R11R10≠R12, on illustrative systemSituation is covered in complexity in portion, according to minimum operation angle △ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection adjustment heightAngle Sα, until meet R9=R10=R11=R12；
If storage unit values is " 0011 ", i.e. R9≠R10、、R11、≠R12R9=R11R10=R12, an illustrative system left sideSide or right side have covers, according to minimum operation angle △ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection is adjusted azimuthSγ, until meet R9=R10=R11=R12；
If storage unit values is " 0010 ", i.e. R9≠R10、、R11、≠R12R9=R11R10≠R12, the illustrative system right sideSide is covered situation in complexity, according to minimum operation angle △ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection is adjusted orientationAngle Sγ, until meet R9=R10=R11=R12；
If storage unit values is " 0001 ", i.e. R9≠R10、、R11、≠R12R9≠R11R10=R12, an illustrative system left sideSide is covered situation in complexity, according to minimum operation angle △ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection is adjusted orientationAngle Sγ, until meet R9=R10=R11=R12；
If storage unit values is " 0000 ", i.e. R9≠R10、、R11、≠R12R9≠R11R10≠R12, illustrative system is followedTrack failure, according to minimum operation angle △, first adjusts elevation angle SαMake R9=R11、R10=R12, then adjustPerfect square parallactic angle SγMake R9=R10、R11=R12, i.e. R9=R10=R11=R12。
The implementation step of above-mentioned control method as shown in Figure 2, is:
Step 1, require to determine the minimum operation angle △ of system according to the structure precision of photovoltaic dual-axis tracking system,Determine each run △ interval time t;
Step 2, judge whether to reach the minimum intensity of solar radiation setting value of system operation according to photo resistanceFmin, be execution step three; No, return to step 2;
Step 3, a storage element initial value of setting are " 0000 ", execution step four;
Step 4, judge R9=R10, be, be designated as " 1 ", no, be designated as " 0 ", store memory cell M intoOne, execution step five;
Step 5, judge R11=R12, be, be designated as " 1 ", no, be designated as " 0 ", store memory cell M intoTwo, execution step six;
Step 6, judge R9=R11, be, be designated as " 1 ", no, be designated as " 0 ", store memory cell M intoThree, execution step seven;
Step 7, judge R10=R12, be, be designated as " 1 ", no, be designated as " 0 ", store memory cell M intoFour, execution step eight;
Step 8, obtain minimum photosensitive resistance value Rmin, enter in ruuning situation, according to memory cell M numerical valueSearch corresponding operation countermeasure, adjustment System elevation angle SαWith azimuth Sγ, until meet R9=R10=R11=R12，Execution step nine
Step 9, judge operation interval time △ t whether finish, be, execution step ten; No, wait in the ranksInterval △ t finishes, and returns to step 9;
Step 10, the system of judging whether reach the intensity of solar radiation F stoppingend, being, system stops, no,Return to execution step two;
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and good effect: 1 compared with the prior art, byIn control method, consider that the sun covers the impact on system, can cover raising system in situation at the sunDelivery efficiency; 2 due to the control strategy that has adopted ruuning situation table to search, and can increase the tracking speed of systemDegree; 3 simple in structure, control is convenient, with low cost, cost performance is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is control method flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that the present invention is suitable for partly covering control method and traditional calculations sun location tracking method output comparison diagram;
In figure: 1-upper bracket, 2-connection bracket, 3-top stepping motor and worm and gear sub-assembly,4-middle bracket, 5-bottom stepping motor and worm and gear sub-assembly, 6-lower bracket, 7-data acquisitionCollection and control module, 8-base, 9,10,11,12-first, second, third, fourth photo resistance.
Detailed description of the invention
Now, taking the system stepping motor rated power selected as 200W, rated voltage is 50V, rated currentFor 4A, the photovoltaic module peak power output of installing in system is 1000W, and gear ratio is 50:1; SelectedPhoto resistance is CdS photo resistance.
Taking Shanghai, at 15 in afternoon on September 22nd, 2013, control method step was the minimum that (1) is set as exampleOperation angle △ and each run △ interval time t are respectively 0.1 ° and 5 minutes, and local longitude and latitude are respectively121.48 ° and 31.2 °, on-site longitude local standard time (being Pekinese's longitude) is 116.4 °, carries out stepSuddenly (2); (2) system exceedes the minimum intensity of solar radiation F of operationminSetting value, execution step (3); (3) establishA fixed storage element initial value is " 0000 ",, execution step (4); (4) resistance value of photo resistance 9,10,R9≠R10, be designated as " 0 ", store first of memory cell M into, execution step (5); (5) photo resistance 11,12 resistance value, R11≠R12, be designated as " 0 ", store memory cell M second into, execution step (6);(6) resistance value of photo resistance 9,11, R9=R11, be designated as " 1 ", store the 3rd of memory cell M into,Execution step (7); (7) resistance value of photo resistance 10,12, R10=R12, be designated as " 1 ", store intoThe 4th of storage unit M, execution step (8); (8) obtain minimum photosensitive resistance value Rmin=0.05, enter fortuneIn row information slip, memory cell M=0011, illustrative system left side or right side have covers, according to △ towards RminDirectionAdjust azimuth Sγ=57.9 °, keep elevation angle Sα=40.07 °, until meet photo resistance 9,10,11,12Resistance value, R9=R10=R11=R12; Execution step (9); (9) operation △ t interval time finishes, carries outStep (10); (10) system exceedes the intensity of solar radiation F stoppingend, return to execution step (2).
Its operation result and traditional calculations sun location tracking method are more as shown in Figure 3.
Thus, visible the present invention can improve the tracking accuracy of system any time in one day, effectivelyOvercome the sun and hidden worn-out impact, the power output of the photovoltaic generating system of installing in raising system by part.
Claims (1)
1. one kind is suitable for the control method of the position of sun dual-axis tracking system structure of partly covering, its structure is to include upper bracket (1), connection bracket (2), top stepping motor and worm and gear sub-assembly (3), middle bracket (4), bottom stepping motor and worm and gear sub-assembly (5), lower bracket (6), on traditional position of sun dual-axis tracking system architecture basics of data acquisition and control module (7) and base (8), on four drift angles of upper bracket (1), be separately installed with first, second, the 3rd, the 4th photo resistance (9～12), it is characterized in that the control method of this system to be: require to determine the minimum operation angle Δ of system according to the structure precision of position of sun dual-axis tracking system, determine each run Δ interval time t, the preset value that whether is less than that judges the middle resistance value maximum of first, second, third, fourth photo resistance (9,10,11,12), system reaches the minimum intensity of solar radiation F of operationminSetting value, no, wait for and reach minimum intensity of solar radiation Fmin, be that setting a storage element M initial value is " 0000 ", successively to the resistance value R in first, second, third, fourth photo resistance (9,10,11,12)9、R10、R11、R12Compare, order is relatively: judge R9＝R10, be, be designated as " 1 ", no being designated as " 0 ", stores first of memory cell into, enters next step; Judge R11＝R12, be, be designated as " 1 ", no being designated as " 0 ", stores memory cell second into, enters next step; Judge R9＝R11, be, be designated as " 1 ", no being designated as " 0 ", stores the 3rd of memory cell into, enters next step; Judge R10＝R12, be, be designated as " 1 ", no being designated as " 0 ", stores the 4th of memory cell into, enters next step; Obtain minimum photosensitive resistance value Rmin, enter in following ruuning situation, search corresponding operation countermeasure:
If storage unit values is " 1111 ", i.e. R9＝R10、R11＝R12、R9＝R11、R10＝R12, for without covering, keep elevation angle SαWith azimuth Sγ；
If storage unit values is " 1110 ", i.e. R9＝R10、R11＝R12、R9＝R11、R10≠R12, this situation can not occur;
If storage unit values is " 1101 ", i.e. R9＝R10、R11＝R12、R9≠R11、R10＝R12, this situation can not occur;
If storage unit values is " 1100 ", i.e. R9＝R10、R11＝R12、R9≠R11、R10≠R12, illustrative system bottom has covers, according to minimum operation angle Δ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection is adjusted elevation angle Sα, until meet R9＝R10＝R11＝R12；
If storage unit values is " 1011 ", i.e. R9＝R10、R11≠R12、R9＝R11、R10＝R12, this situation can not occur;
If storage unit values is " 1010 ", i.e. R9＝R10、R11≠R12、R9＝R11、R10≠R12, the 4th photo resistance R is described12Place has and covers, according to minimum operation angle Δ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection is adjusted azimuth Sγ, until meet R9＝R10＝R11＝R12；
If storage unit values is " 1001 ", i.e. R9＝R10、R11≠R12、R9≠R11、R10＝R12, the 3rd photo resistance R is described11Place has and covers, according to minimum operation angle Δ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection is adjusted azimuth Sγ, until meet R9＝R10＝R11＝R12；
If storage unit values is " 1000 ", i.e. R9＝R10、R11≠R12、R9≠R11、R10≠R12, situation is covered in complexity in illustrative system bottom, according to minimum operation angle Δ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection is adjusted elevation angle Sα, until meet R9＝R10＝R11＝R12；
If storage unit values is " 0111 ", i.e. R9≠R10、R11＝R12、R9＝R11、R10＝R12, this situation can not occur;
If storage unit values is " 0110 ", i.e. R9≠R10、R11＝R12、R9＝R11、R10≠R12, the second photo resistance R is described10Place has and covers, according to minimum operation angle Δ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection is adjusted azimuth Sγ, until meet R9＝R10＝R11＝R12；
If storage unit values is " 0101 ", i.e. R9≠R10、R11＝R12、R9≠R11、R10＝R12, the first photo resistance R is described9Place has and covers, according to minimum operation angle Δ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection is adjusted azimuth Sγ, until meet R9＝R10＝R11＝R12；
If storage unit values is " 0100 ", i.e. R9≠R10、R11＝R12、R9≠R11、R10≠R12, situation is covered in complexity in illustrative system top, according to minimum operation angle Δ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection is adjusted elevation angle Sα, until meet R9＝R10＝R11＝R12；
If storage unit values is " 0011 ", i.e. R9≠R10、R11≠R12、R9＝R11、R10＝R12, illustrative system left side or right side have covers, according to minimum operation angle Δ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection is adjusted azimuth Sγ, until meet R9＝R10＝R11＝R12；
If storage unit values is " 0010 ", i.e. R9≠R10、R11≠R12、R9＝R11、R10≠R12, situation is covered in complexity in illustrative system right side, according to minimum operation angle Δ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection is adjusted azimuth Sγ, until meet R9＝R10＝R11＝R12；
If storage unit values is " 0001 ", i.e. R9≠R10、R11≠R12、R9≠R11、R10＝R12, situation is covered in complexity in illustrative system left side, according to minimum operation angle Δ towards the photosensitive resistance value R of minimumminDirection is adjusted azimuth Sγ, until meet R9＝R10＝R11＝R12；
If storage unit values is " 0000 ", i.e. R9≠R10、R11≠R12、R9≠R11、R10≠R12, illustrative system is followed the tracks of unsuccessfully, according to minimum operation angle Δ, first adjusts elevation angle SαMake R9＝R11、R10＝R12, then adjust azimuth SγMake R9＝R10、R11＝R12, i.e. R9＝R10＝R11＝R12；
The implementation step of above-mentioned control method is:
Step 1, require to determine the minimum operation angle Δ of system according to the structure precision of position of sun dual-axis tracking system, determine each run Δ interval time t;
Step 2, judge whether to reach the minimum intensity of solar radiation setting value F of system operation according to photo resistancemin, be execution step three; No, return to step 2;
Step 3, a storage element initial value of setting are " 0000 ", execution step four;
Step 4, judge R9＝R10, be, be designated as " 1 ", no, be designated as " 0 ", store first of memory cell M into, execution step five;
Step 5, judge R11＝R12, be, be designated as " 1 ", no, be designated as " 0 ", store memory cell M second into, execution step six;
Step 6, judge R9＝R11, be, be designated as " 1 ", no, be designated as " 0 ", store the 3rd of memory cell M into, execution step seven;
Step 7, judge R10＝R12, be, be designated as " 1 ", no, be designated as " 0 ", store the 4th of memory cell M into, execution step eight;
Step 8, obtain minimum photosensitive resistance value Rmin, enter in ruuning situation, search corresponding operation countermeasure according to memory cell M numerical value, adjustment System elevation angle SαWith azimuth Sγ, until meet R9＝R10＝R11＝R12, execution step nine;
Step 9, judge operation interval time Δ t whether finish, be, execution step ten; No, wait for that operation Δ t interval time finishes, and returns to step 9;
Step 10, the system of judging whether reach the intensity of solar radiation F stoppingend, be that system stops, no, returns to execution step two.
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| CN104793642B (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2017-07-28 | 太原科技大学 | The control method of slot type thermal-arrest double-axis tracking structure based on pole axis |
| CN104914881B (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2017-10-13 | 太原科技大学 | The control method of photovoltaic generation double-axis tracking structure based on pole axis |
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| CN102354222A (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2012-02-15 | 上海聚恒太阳能有限公司 | Shadow-free tracking method for double-axis solar photovoltaic array power generation system |
| CN102520731A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-06-27 | 洛阳沃德节电科技开发有限公司 | Method for automatically tracking solar rays and automatic tracking system |
| CN103499978A (en) * | 2013-09-28 | 2014-01-08 | 国家电网公司 | Photovoltaic automatic sun-tracking control system and application method thereof |
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| JPS6011808A (en) * | 1983-06-30 | 1985-01-22 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Solar light tracking device |
| KR100959078B1 (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2010-05-20 | 주식회사 지성에너텍 | The appatatus and method of sun location tracking |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102354222A (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2012-02-15 | 上海聚恒太阳能有限公司 | Shadow-free tracking method for double-axis solar photovoltaic array power generation system |
| CN102520731A (en) * | 2012-01-10 | 2012-06-27 | 洛阳沃德节电科技开发有限公司 | Method for automatically tracking solar rays and automatic tracking system |
| CN103499978A (en) * | 2013-09-28 | 2014-01-08 | 国家电网公司 | Photovoltaic automatic sun-tracking control system and application method thereof |
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