The overall positive replacement structure of the many pile foundations of a kind of bridge large-tonnage and support and change method
Technical field
The present invention relates to Pile Underpinning Technology, particularly relate to overall positive replacement structure and the support and change method of the many pile foundations of a kind of bridge large-tonnage.
Background technology
Current China is that the Railway Transit Construction of representative is just in the ascendant with subway, and in subway construction process, its running tunnel and existing municipal bridge space crossed situation occur and happen occasionally.Now adopted scheme following two kinds nothing but: 1) tear bridge open and rebuild, make the arrangement of pile foundation of new bridge avoid planning to build shield structure running tunnel; 2) some space crossed bridge pile foundations of generation are underpined.Tear bridge reconstruction model open invest comparatively large and have a strong impact on surrounding environment, less employing at present, and pile foundation underpinning scheme is less to urban environmental impact, is more and more used widely.
Bridge pile foundation conventional both at home and abroad at present underpins scheme, says the general underpinning structure all adopting shoulder pole apron piece from form of structure; As shown in Figure 1a: namely the load born by underpinned pile 1 ' by one shoulder pole apron piece 3 ', pass to two new stakes 2 '.Say from joint structure and can be divided into passive type (as shown in Figure 1 b) and active (as illustrated in figure 1 c): the former first completes the construction of two new stakes 2 ', apply apron piece 3 ' again, complete the node construction at connecting the newly built structure to the pristine structure place simultaneously, then blocked when former pile foundation 1 ' still bears load, completed stress check calculation; The latter first completes the construction of two new stakes 2 ', apply apron piece 3 ' again, complete the node construction at connecting the newly built structure to the pristine structure place simultaneously, blocked after then former pile foundation 1 ' being offloaded to zero axle power by jack 4 ' and anchor ear 5 ', finally remove jack 4 ' and complete stress check calculation.
It is at present technically comparatively ripe that above-mentioned bridge pile foundation underpins scheme, but if desired simultaneously to many bridge pile foundations carry out structure underpin time, above-mentioned traditional scheme that underpins still has the following disadvantages.
1) tradition underpins the form of structure that scheme adopts two new stakes to add shoulder pole apron piece and carries out stress check calculation, required new stake quantity is by 2 of underpinned pile quantity times, if desired many piles base is underpined simultaneously, usually cannot arrange the plan-position of new stake by steric requirements restriction.
2) adopt tradition to underpin the many pile base of scheme to bridge construction to underpin, if respectively the upper load born by underpinned pile differ greatly, after then completing stress check calculation, respectively easily produced relative settlement by between underpinned pile, and then cause the adverse consequences such as bridge superstructure cracking.
3) bridge pile foundation to bear the tonnage of upper load normally larger, and tradition underpins and underpins joint structure (no matter passive type or active) in scheme, all the mode of employing alligator and bar planting transmits the shearing between new and old structure, its safety factor is less, is very disadvantageous to bridge construction durability.
Summary of the invention
One of the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, is the overall positive replacement structure providing the many pile foundations of a kind of bridge large-tonnage, and its required new stake number laid is less, avoids and limits the difficulty that cannot lay out pile by steric requirements; Be conducive to adjustment each by the relative settlement between underpinned pile, its stress performance and durability are comparatively reliable.
One of technical problem of the present invention is achieved in that the overall positive replacement structure of the many pile foundations of a kind of bridge large-tonnage, and described overall positive replacement structure comprises: multiple longitudinal apron piece, multiple horizontal apron piece and multiple after water steel bar concrete and underpin assembly;
Multiple horizontal apron piece and multiple longitudinal apron piece are integral cast-in-situ, on longitudinal apron piece reserved multiple after water node reserves space; Water after described steel bar concrete underpin assembly be placed in described after water in node reserves space, water steel bar concrete after described and underpin assembly and comprise: undercuted in Punching Shear muscle and beam in anchor ear, at least four jack, the main muscle of pile body, spiral stirrup, beam muscle; Described anchor ear be arranged at bridge by underpinned pile, described jack is placed between longitudinal apron piece and anchor ear; The main muscle of described pile body is for connecting the main muscle of former pile body be truncated; Described spiral stirrup is wound on the main muscle of pile body of spreading; In described beam, Punching Shear muscle should overlap with the main muscle in the upside of longitudinal apron piece, for node Punching Shear; Should overlap with the main muscle in the downside of longitudinal apron piece, for node body bending resistance by the muscle that undercuts in described beam.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention two, is the overall positive replacement method providing the many pile foundations of a kind of bridge large-tonnage, and its required new stake number laid is less, avoids and limits the difficulty that cannot lay out pile by steric requirements; Be conducive to adjustment each by the relative settlement between underpinned pile, its stress performance and durability are comparatively reliable.
Two of technical problem of the present invention is achieved in that the overall positive replacement method of the many pile foundations of a kind of bridge large-tonnage, described method need provide overall positive replacement structure, and this overall positive replacement structure comprises: multiple longitudinal apron piece, multiple horizontal apron piece and multiple after water steel bar concrete and underpin assembly; After water steel bar concrete and underpin assembly and comprise: anchor ear and at least four jack; The method concrete steps are:
Step 1, under bridge, form a foundation ditch, described foundation ditch apply new stake, horizontal apron piece and longitudinal apron piece, simultaneously in longitudinal apron piece reserved multiple after water node space;
Step 2, underpinned pile being built described anchor ear, jack being placed between anchor ear and longitudinal apron piece, applying top lift step by step by anchor ear, zero axle power will be offloaded to by underpinned pile, and then block for twice by underpinned pile below anchor ear with below longitudinal apron piece;
Step 3, longitudinal apron piece and by underpinned pile between, water steel bar concrete after applying and underpin assembly, complete by the stress check calculation between underpinned pile and longitudinal apron piece;
Step 4, to each velamen underpinned pile, repeated execution of steps 2 and step 3, finally complete the overall positive replacement of all bridge pile foundations.
Further, described step 3 is specially: water after longitudinal apron piece in node space, the main muscle of former pile body that spreading is truncated, and is wound around a spiral stirrup on the main muscle of spreading pile body, after water in node space Punching Shear muscle in a beam be set, and to overlap with the main muscle in the upside of longitudinal apron piece; After water in node space the muscle that undercuted be set in a beam, and to overlap with the main muscle in the downside of longitudinal apron piece; Finally after water in node space and build slightly expanded concrete, after preset strength to be achieved, remove jack, complete stress check calculation.
Further, when underpinned pile being built anchor ear, described anchor ear and by the mode Transfer of Shear by alligator and bar planting between underpinned pile.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages: 1) the required new stake number laid is less, avoids and limits the difficulty that cannot lay out pile by steric requirements; 2) stress check calculation path is clear and definite, and the load acted on by underpining in pile foundation first passes to longitudinal apron piece, then passes to horizontal apron piece, is finally delivered in each new stake; 3) integral rigidity of the apron piece in length and breadth of monobloc cast is comparatively large, is conducive to adjustment each by the relative settlement between underpinned pile, avoids the adverse consequences such as bridge superstructure cracking; 4) for the bridge pile foundation bearing large-tonnage load, that waters steel bar concrete after employing underpins node Transfer of Shear, and compared to the Shear transfer mode of alligator and bar planting, its stress performance and durability are comparatively reliable.5) in whole pile foundation underpinning work progress without the need to interrupting municipal traffic, very little to urban environmental impact, but for safety rise mirror should limit heavy vehicle bridge floor pass through.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 a is the schematic diagram of the underpinning structure of existing employing shoulder pole apron piece.
Fig. 1 b is the schematic diagram of the passive type underpinning structure of existing employing joint structure.
Fig. 1 c is the schematic diagram of the passive type underpinning structure of existing employing joint structure.
Fig. 2 is the floor map of the overall positive replacement structure of the many pile foundations of bridge large-tonnage of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the elevational schematic view of the overall positive replacement structure of the many pile foundations of bridge large-tonnage of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the nodal plane detail drawing of the overall positive replacement structure of the many pile foundations of bridge large-tonnage of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the node facade detail drawing of the overall positive replacement structure of the many pile foundations of bridge large-tonnage of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Refer to shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 5, the overall positive replacement structure of the many pile foundations of a kind of bridge large-tonnage of the present invention, described overall positive replacement structure comprises: multiple horizontal apron piece 1, multiple longitudinal apron piece 2 and multiple after water steel bar concrete and underpin assembly 3;
Multiple horizontal apron pieces 1 and multiple longitudinal apron piece 2 be integral cast-in-situ, longitudinal apron piece 2 is reserved multiple after water node reserves space 4; Water after described steel bar concrete underpin assembly 3 be placed in described after water in node reserves space 4, water steel bar concrete after described and underpin assembly 3 and comprise: undercuted in Punching Shear muscle 35 and beam in anchor ear 31, at least four jack 32, the main muscle 33 of pile body, spiral stirrup 34, beam muscle 36; Described anchor ear 31 be arranged at bridge by underpinned pile 5; Described jack 32 is placed between longitudinal apron piece 2 and anchor ear 31; The main muscle of described pile body 33 is for connecting the main muscle of former pile body be truncated; On the main muscle 33 of the pile body that described pile body stirrup 34 is wound in spreading; In described beam, Punching Shear muscle 35 should overlap with the main muscle in the upside of longitudinal apron piece, for node Punching Shear; Should overlap with the main muscle in the downside of longitudinal apron piece, for node body bending resistance by the muscle 36 that undercuts in described beam.
Refer to shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 5, the overall positive replacement method of the many pile foundations of a kind of bridge large-tonnage of the present invention, described method need provide overall positive replacement structure, and this overall positive replacement structure comprises: multiple longitudinal apron piece 2, multiple horizontal apron piece 1 and after water steel bar concrete and underpin assembly 3; After water steel bar concrete and underpin assembly 3 and comprise: undercuted in Punching Shear muscle 35 and beam in anchor ear 31, at least four jack 32, the main muscle 33 of pile body, spiral stirrup 34, beam muscle 36; The method is specially:
Step 1, under bridge, form a foundation ditch, described foundation ditch apply new stake 6, horizontal apron piece 1 and longitudinal apron piece 2, simultaneously in longitudinal apron piece 2 reserved multiple after water node space 4.
Step 2, underpinned pile 5 is being built described anchor ear 31, described anchor ear 31 and by mode 7 Transfer of Shear by alligator and bar planting between underpinned pile 5, then jack 32 is placed between anchor ear 31 and longitudinal apron piece 2, top lift is applied step by step by anchor ear 31, zero axle power will be offloaded to by underpinned pile 5, then below anchor ear 31 with longitudinal apron piece 2 below, block for twice by underpinned pile 5.
Step 3, longitudinal apron piece 2 and by underpinned pile 5 between, that waters steel bar concrete after applying underpins node, completes by the stress check calculation between underpinned pile 5 and longitudinal apron piece 2; This step is specially: water after longitudinal apron piece 2 in node space 4, the main muscle of colligation pile body 33 also overlaps with the main muscle of former pile body, and by winding screw stirrup 34 on the main muscle 33 of the pile body of spreading, after water in node space 4 and Punching Shear muscle 35 in beam be set and overlap with the main muscle in the upside of longitudinal apron piece, after water in node space 4 and arrange in beam by undercuting muscle 36 overlapping with the main muscle in the downside of longitudinal apron piece, finally after water after-pouring slightly expanded concrete (not shown) on node space 4, after preset strength to be achieved, remove jack, complete stress check calculation.
Step 4, to each velamen underpinned pile, repeated execution of steps 2 and step 3, finally complete the overall positive replacement of all bridge pile foundations.
Below in conjunction with a specific embodiment, the invention will be further described:
Certain subway sectional tunnel passes through certain river (the thing flow direction) along major urban arterial highway (south-north direction), occur space crossed with 6 pile bases of exist curves, adopt support and change method of the present invention, overall positive replacement is carried out to these 6 bridge pile foundations, is now described in detail as follows.
1) apply cofferdam in bridge location upstream and downstream some meters of positions, form foundation ditch to block river, for construction under bridge provides enough work planes.Should arrange that upstream and downstream current linked up by water pipe simultaneously, and avoid river course congested.
2) in foundation ditch, apply 9 new stakes, the longitudinal apron piece of the horizontal apron piece in 3 roads and 3 roads.New stake diameter can be identical with by underpinned pile, but new stake stake is long should be determined by calculating, usually should be greater than former stake stake long.The height and the width of apron piece should be determined by calculating in length and breadth, should take large values, and make it have enough rigidity, are conducive to control each by the relative settlement between underpinned pile.Longitudinal apron piece with by underpinned pile joint, water node space after should reserving, arrangement of reinforcement in the beam simultaneously should strengthening reserving hole periphery.
3) built anchor ear by underpinned pile top, therebetween by the mode Transfer of Shear of alligator and bar planting, anchor ear height and bar planting quantity should be determined by calculating, guarantee that its shear-carrying capacity is greater than construction period and acts on top lift on this.
4) 4 hydraulic jack are placed between anchor ear and longitudinal apron piece, synchronously apply top lift step by step, make by underpinned pile axle power close to zero.Its top lift should be determined by calculating, should consider the impact of superstructure, also needs to consider frictional force between stake soil, and therefore the required top lift that applies generally is greater than this original born load.
5) jacking locks jack cylinder after putting in place, utilizes rope saw respectively below anchor ear and below longitudinal apron piece, blocks former pile foundation.
6) water all kinds of reinforcing bars in node after process, comprise the main muscle spreading in former pile foundation and stirrup encryption, comprise the Punching Shear muscle overlap joint in apron piece and overlap by lacing wire.(namely in the headspace of longitudinal apron piece, the main muscle of colligation pile body also overlaps with the main muscle of former pile body, winding screw stirrup on the main muscle of pile body, after water in node space and Punching Shear muscle in beam be set and overlap with the main muscle in the upside of longitudinal apron piece, after water in node space 4 and arrange in beam by undercuting muscle 36 overlapping with the main muscle in the downside of longitudinal apron piece.)
7) comparatively difficult by space constraint concrete vibrating, thus after water in node and should build slightly expanded concrete, to ensure its density.Reach after prescribed strength until concrete, step by step removal top lift, complete by the stress check calculation of underpinned pile.
8) to each velamen underpinned pile, underpin operation more than repeating, finally complete the overall positive replacement of all bridge pile foundations.If personnel equipment is sufficient and have enough work planes, the underpinning construction of many bridge pile foundations can carry out simultaneously, can effective reduction of erection time.
In a word, the present invention is compared with traditional pile foundation underpinning scheme, and its required new stake number laid is less, avoids and limits the difficulty that cannot lay out pile by steric requirements; Stress check calculation path is clear and definite, by the upper load of underpinned pile according to this by longitudinal apron piece, horizontal apron piece, is finally delivered in each new stake; The integral rigidity of apron piece is comparatively large in length and breadth, is conducive to adjustment each by the relative settlement between underpinned pile; For the bridge pile foundation bearing large-tonnage load, that waters steel bar concrete after employing underpins node Transfer of Shear, and its stress performance and durability are comparatively reliable.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations done according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.