CN103792133B - A kind of pilot system for rock mass discontinuity performance test and test method - Google Patents
A kind of pilot system for rock mass discontinuity performance test and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103792133B CN103792133B CN201410078860.7A CN201410078860A CN103792133B CN 103792133 B CN103792133 B CN 103792133B CN 201410078860 A CN201410078860 A CN 201410078860A CN 103792133 B CN103792133 B CN 103792133B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of pilot system for rock mass discontinuity performance test and test method, including the main frame being provided with loading frame and pedestal, vertical loading device, shear box, horizontal loading apparatus, the hydraulic control device of real-time Control experiment loading procedure and numerical control device；Vertical loading device includes cylindrical hydraulic servo oil cylinder and high-strength spring, and hydraulic servo oil cylinder fixed part is fixed on loading frame by fixing backing plate and bolt connecting mode, and operating member connects shear box by U-shaped pressure plare；High-strength spring is installed on U-shaped pressure plare top, and is removably connected between rigidity location-plate and U-shaped pressure plare；Horizontal loading apparatus includes two and applies dynamic shearing load in the hydraulic servo actuator of shear box；The pilot system of this rock mass discontinuity performance test is capable of shear history when rock mass discontinuity is determined normal stress and determines normal stiffness, thus obtaining rock mass discontinuity response pattern under dynamic shearing effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rock mass discontinuity strength test technical field, particularly to a kind of pilot system for rock mass discontinuity performance test and test method.
Background technology
Geotechnical Engineering is a part important in economic construction, for instance side slope, Tunnel Engineering and urban underground space engineering etc., and along with the development of economic construction, Geotechnical Engineering also has increasingly consequence.
Geotechnical study to as if rock mass and the soil body.Rock mass is formed and in the whole geology historical process of existence at it, subjected to the geologic process of various complexity, thus has structure and the stress field environment of complexity.And the different types of rock mass of different regions, owing to the geologic process of experience is different, its engineering properties often has very big difference.
Geotechnical Engineering such as side slope, tunnel failure process under the dynamic loads effects such as earthquake are usually degenerated with rock mass discontinuity shear strength and lost efficacy relevant, therefore research rock mass discontinuity shear strength characteristics under dynamic condition is significant.
Rock and the strength characteristics of soil, deformation characteristic and Penetration Signature are all pass through test determination.The laboratory test research of rock mass discontinuity dynamic shear strength characteristics and deformation mechanism is the important channel of understanding Geotechnical Engineering dynamical evolution process, but at present due to the limitation of laboratory test condition simulation, cannot at lab simulation rock mass stressing conditions in Practical Project, therefore laboratory test condition is bigger with the virtual condition diversity of ground, cause rock mass discontinuity strength degradation under different shear rate and failure mechanism are lacked enough scientific knowledges, therefore the meaning of lab simulation is not as big.
Therefore, how providing a kind of pilot system, this pilot system can simulate rock mass discontinuity shear strength performance under different stress conditions, is those skilled in that art's technical problems urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention rock mass discontinuity shear strength for providing a kind of pilot system for rock mass discontinuity performance test and test method, when the acquisition dynamic shearing that this pilot system can be more accurate.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of pilot system for rock mass discontinuity performance test, including main frame, vertical loading device, shear box, horizontal loading apparatus, hydraulic control device and numerical control device；
Described main frame includes loading frame and pedestal, and described loading frame is bolted mode and is fixed on described pedestal, and pedestal is fixed on ground；Described loading frame is provided with vertical guide groove and horizontal guide groove, and guide groove is provided with roller bearing；
Described shear box includes shear box and down cut box, and rock test piece is placed among the space that shear box and down cut box surround, and described down cut box is connected with the described roller bearing rolling in described horizontal guide groove；
Described vertical loading device includes cylindrical hydraulic servo oil cylinder, U-shaped pressure plare, high-strength spring, the fixed part of described hydraulic servo oil cylinder is fixed on loading frame by described fixing backing plate and bolt connecting mode, and its operating member connects described upper shear box by described U-shaped pressure plare；Two vertical arm of described U-shaped pressure plare roll with the described roller bearing in described vertical guide groove and are connected；Also including fixing the rigidity location-plate being connected with described loading frame, described high-strength spring is detachably located between described U-shaped pressure plare and described rigidity location-plate；Described vertical loading device also includes vertical pressure sensor, for the normal pressure value of Real-time Collection rock mass discontinuity；
Described horizontal loading apparatus includes the first hydraulic servo actuator and the second hydraulic servo actuator, all for providing the dynamic shearing load acting on described down cut box, described first hydraulic servo actuator and described second hydraulic servo actuator are fixed on pedestal each through counter-force back seat and bolt connecting mode；Also include the horizontal displacement sensors for Real-time Collection rock mass discontinuity shear displacemant value；
Described numerical control device controls described vertical loading device by hydraulic control device and described horizontal loading apparatus carries out action, and locate force value and the shift value of pressure transducer described in reason and displacement transducer collection, obtain the required stress parameters of test and displacement parameter, store data.
Preferably, the operating member of described hydraulic servo oil cylinder is connected with described U-shaped pressure plare by vertical pressure-bearing cushion block, and described vertical pressure sensor is installed between described hydraulic servo oil cylinder and described vertical pressure-bearing cushion block.
Preferably, two internal rollings with described roller bearing of the vertical arm described vertical guide groove of embedding of described U-shaped pressure plare are connected.
Preferably, described high-strength spring is fixed on described U-shaped pressure plare, and described rigidity location-plate is provided with the bolt hole matched with bolt device, and the diameter of described bolt hole is more than the maximum gauge of described high-strength spring；The upper end of described high-strength spring is placed in described bolt hole, and described bolt device is placed in the positive upper end of described high-strength spring.
Preferably, described rigidity location-plate is fixed on two medial walls of described loading frame by two slot-type device levels；Set circular hole in the middle part of described rigidity location-plate, and the diameter of described hydraulic servo oil cylinder less than Circularhole diameter so that it passes from circular hole.
Preferably, described U-shaped pressure plare top is also positioned at four vertical displacement sensors of installation outside described high-strength spring device, described vertical displacement sensor is fixed on described slot-type device, Real-time Collection rock mass discontinuity Normal Displacement value by beam device and bolt connecting mode.
Preferably, described first hydraulic servo actuator and described second hydraulic servo actuator are symmetrically distributed in the both sides of rock test piece；When described first hydraulic servo actuator applied thrust, described second hydraulic servo actuator applies equivalent pulling force simultaneously.
Preferably, land cushion block respectively and is installed by the motion end portion of described first hydraulic servo actuator and described second hydraulic servo actuator between described down cut box；Said two land cushion block is bolted mode with two sidewalls of described down cut box respectively and fixes, and this fixing connected mode guarantees that the horizontal movement along described first hydraulic servo actuator and described second hydraulic servo actuator force direction only occurs described down cut box.
Preferably, described loading frame adopts rectangle frame structure, it is secured by bolts on pedestal, two sidewalls of described loading frame are offered rectangular opening, described first hydraulic servo actuator and described second hydraulic servo actuator respectively and are each passed through the rectangular opening corresponding described land cushion block of connection of corresponding side.
Preferably, described first hydraulic servo actuator and described second hydraulic servo actuator respectively and install horizontal pressure force sensor between said two land cushion block, for Real-time Collection shear load value；Before and after two land cushion blocks, both sides are respectively symmetrically two horizontal displacement sensors of installation, and described horizontal displacement sensors is fixed on described loading frame lateral wall, Real-time Collection rock mass discontinuity shear displacemant value by described beam device and bolt connecting mode.
Preferably, described hydraulic control device includes vertical Loading Control device and horizontal addload controller；Described numerical control device adopt Full-digital servo controller, the triangular wave that prestores, harmonic wave, random wave, macroseism Bit andits control form；Under the control of numerical control device and hydraulic control device, it may be achieved static shear loads and dynamic shearing loads.
Preferably, normal stress value when being preset with certain test requirements document in described numerical control device, normal stiffness value and shear displacemant value, process of the test controls described vertical loading device by described hydraulic control device and described horizontal loading apparatus is further applied load and reaches predetermined state, payload data and displacement data is gathered respectively through described pressure transducer and displacement transducer, payload data and displacement data is processed, it is thus achieved that meet stress parameters and the displacement parameter of test requirements document by numerical control device.
Preferably, described pressure transducer and displacement transducer and described numerical control device are attached by cable；Described hydraulic servo oil cylinder and hydraulic servo actuator are attached by cable and described hydraulic control device；Hydraulic control device is attached by cable and numerical control device, and process of the test is controlled by whole servo closed loop in real time.
On the basis of existing technology, vertical loading device for the pilot system of rock mass discontinuity performance test provided by the present invention includes cylindrical hydraulic servo oil cylinder, U-shaped pressure plare, high-strength spring, described hydraulic servo oil cylinder is fixed on loading frame by fixing backing plate and bolt connecting mode, and vertical pressure passes through U-shaped pressure plare stepless action in upper shear box；High-strength spring is installed on described U-shaped pressure plare top, and described high-strength spring is detachable, replacement, and by the fixing high-strength spring upper end of the bolt device of rigidity location-plate.Described horizontal loading apparatus includes the first hydraulic servo actuator and the second hydraulic servo actuator, described first hydraulic servo actuator and described second hydraulic servo actuator are fixed on pedestal each through counter-force back seat and bolt connecting mode, dynamic shearing load can be provided, and act on down cut box；Described loading frame is provided with vertical guide groove and horizontal guide groove, and guide groove is provided with roller bearing, so can reduce the frictional force of U-shaped pressure plare and down cut box respectively；Described numerical control device and hydraulic control device Control experiment loading procedure, the force value of described numerical control device place reason pressure transducer and displacement transducer collection and shift value.
Rock mass discontinuity can be realized by Full-digital servo controller, described hydraulic servo oil cylinder and described first hydraulic servo actuator, described second hydraulic servo actuator to load at static shear when determining normal stress or the dynamic shearing of different normal stress values, wherein, dynamic shearing loads the Bit andits control form including triangular wave, harmonic wave, random wave, macroseism；Unidirectional (forward or a backward) shearing, unidirectional (forward or a backward) circulation shear or two-way (forward and backward) circulation shear process can be realized simultaneously；Loading is sheared with the normal stiffness of determining realizing different normal stiffness value by the bolt device quantity regulated above high-strength spring.
In sum, the present invention is provided to the pilot system of rock mass discontinuity performance test and can measure the rock mass discontinuity shear strength under different normal stress, different normal stiffness, different shear rate, different shearing frequency accurately.
It addition, present invention also offers the test method of a kind of pilot system for rock mass discontinuity performance test, specifically comprising the following steps that of this test method
S1, installation rock test piece, in described shear box, are installed described high-strength spring, are adjusted described bolt device quantity to meet test requirements document；
S2, start described numerical control device and described hydraulic control device；Described numerical control device inputs initial normal stress parameter, normal stiffness parameter, shear displacemant parameter and shears load mode；
S3, described hydraulic servo oil cylinder apply initial Normal stress in rock mass discontinuity to predetermined state, and to be controlled initial normal stress by system be definite value, described high-strength spring apply additional Normal stress；
S4, apply shear load in rock mass discontinuity to predetermined shear displacemant value according to predetermined load mode of shearing；
S5, Real-time Collection rock mass discontinuity shear load value, Normal Displacement value and shear displacemant value also feed back to described numerical control device, numerical control device processing pressure value and shift value test required stress parameters and displacement parameter to obtain, store data；
S6, off-test, unloading removal rock test piece.
Because the enforcement of above-mentioned test method depends on above-mentioned pilot system, therefore described test method also has the above-mentioned beneficial effect of above-mentioned pilot system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of the pilot system in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention for rock mass discontinuity performance test；
Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram that in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, rock mass discontinuity determines normal stiffness shearing test；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the pilot system in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention for rock mass discontinuity performance test；
Fig. 4 is the front view of the pilot system agent structure in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention for rock mass discontinuity performance test；
Fig. 5 is the top view of Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the side view of Fig. 4；
Fig. 7 is A-A ' the section Local map of Fig. 4；
Fig. 8 is the B-B ' profile of Fig. 7.
Wherein, in Fig. 3-8, corresponding relation between accompanying drawing labelling and component names is:
1 loading frame；2 fixing backing plates；3 hydraulic servo oil cylinders；4 vertical pressure sensors；5 vertical pressure-bearing cushion blocks；6 Pressure-bearing pads；7U shape pressure plare；8 high-strength springs；9 bolt devices；10 rigidity location-plates；11 slot-type device；12 vertical displacement sensors；13 beam device；14 vertical guide grooves；15 roller bearings；16 horizontal guide grooves；Shear box on 17；18 down cut boxes；19 rock test piece；20 counter-force back seats；21 first hydraulic servo actuators；22 second hydraulic servo actuators；23 horizontal pressure force sensors；24 land cushion blocks；25 horizontal displacement sensors；26 pedestals；27 hydraulic control devices；28 numerical control devices.
Detailed description of the invention
The core of the present invention is for providing a kind of pilot system for rock mass discontinuity performance test and test method, and this pilot system can measure the rock mass discontinuity shear strength under different normal stress, different normal stiffness, different shear rate, different shearing frequency accurately.
For making those skilled in the art be better understood from technical scheme, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Refer to Fig. 1 Fig. 8, Fig. 3 is the structural representation of pilot system for rock mass discontinuity performance test in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention；Fig. 4 is the front view of the pilot system agent structure in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention for rock mass discontinuity performance test；Fig. 5 is the top view of Fig. 4；Fig. 6 is the side view of Fig. 4；Fig. 7 is A-A ' the section Local map of Fig. 4；Fig. 8 is the B-B ' profile of Fig. 7.Wherein the dotted line in Fig. 3 represents control circuit.
In one embodiment, as shown in Fig. 3 Fig. 8, the pilot system for rock mass discontinuity performance test provided by the present invention, including main frame, vertical loading device, shear box, horizontal loading apparatus, hydraulic control device 27 and numerical control device 28.Main frame includes loading frame 1 and pedestal 26, and loading frame 1 is bolted mode and is fixed on pedestal 26, and pedestal 26 is fixed on ground；Shear box includes shear box 17 and down cut box 18, and rock test piece 19 is placed among the space that shear box 17 and down cut box 18 surround.Vertical loading device includes cylindrical hydraulic servo oil cylinder 3, U-shaped pressure plare 7, high-strength spring 8, the fixed part of hydraulic servo oil cylinder 3 is fixed on loading frame 1 by fixing backing plate 2 and bolt connecting mode, its operating member connects upper shear box 17 by U-shaped pressure plare 7, vertical pressure also and then acts on rock mass discontinuity by U-shaped pressure plare 7 stepless action in upper shear box 17, and the two of U-shaped pressure plare 7 vertical arm roll with the roller bearing 15 in vertical guide groove 14 and are connected；Also include the rigidity location-plate 10 that be connected fixing with loading frame 1, high-strength spring 8 is installed on U-shaped pressure plare 7 top, high-strength spring 8 is detachably located between U-shaped pressure plare 7 and rigidity location-plate 10, in order to replaces different-stiffness spring and improves plant maintenance efficiency.Vertical loading device also includes vertical pressure sensor 4, for the normal pressure value of Real-time Collection rock mass discontinuity.
On the basis of technique scheme, horizontal loading apparatus includes the first hydraulic servo actuator 21 and the second hydraulic servo actuator 22, first hydraulic servo actuator 21 and the second hydraulic servo actuator 22 are fixed on pedestal 26 each through counter-force back seat 20 and bolt connecting mode, dynamic shearing load can be provided, and act on down cut box 18.Loading frame 1 is provided with vertical guide groove 14 and horizontal guide groove 16, and guide groove is provided with roller bearing 15；Frictional force when vertical guide groove 14 and horizontal guide groove 16 can reduce U-shaped pressure plare 7 respectively and down cut box 18 moves；Numerical control device 28 is by hydraulic control device 27 Control experiment loading procedure, and locates force value and the shift value of reason pressure transducer and displacement transducer collection.
Rock mass discontinuity can be realized by Full-digital servo controller, hydraulic servo oil cylinder 3 and first hydraulic servo actuator the 21, second hydraulic servo actuator 22 to load at static shear when determining normal stress or the dynamic shearing of different normal stress values, wherein, dynamic shearing loads the Bit andits control form including triangular wave, harmonic wave, random wave, macroseism；Unidirectional (forward or a backward) shearing, unidirectional (forward or a backward) circulation shear or two-way (forward and backward) circulation shear process can be realized simultaneously；Loaded with the normal stiffness of determining realizing different normal stiffness value by bolt device 9 quantity regulated above high-strength spring 8.
In technique scheme, it is possible to further main frame is made specific design.
Such as, as it is shown on figure 3, main frame includes loading frame 1 and pedestal 26, loading frame 1 adopts rectangle frame structure, and the mode of being bolted is fixed on pedestal 26, and 1 two sidewalls of loading frame offer rectangular opening respectively.
On the basis of said structure, the fixed part of hydraulic servo oil cylinder 3 is fixed on loading frame 1 by fixing backing plate 2 and bolt connecting mode, its operating member is connected with vertical pressure-bearing cushion block 5, between hydraulic servo oil cylinder 3 and vertical pressure-bearing cushion block 5, vertical pressure sensor 4, Real-time Collection normal pressure value are installed；The vertical pressure that hydraulic servo oil cylinder 3 provides in upper shear box 17 and and then acts on rock mass discontinuity through vertical pressure-bearing cushion block 5, Pressure-bearing pads 6 and U-shaped pressure plare 7 stepless action successively；Being bolted between vertical pressure-bearing cushion block 5, Pressure-bearing pads 6, U-shaped pressure plare 7 and upper shear box 17, upper shear box 17 is fixed on U-shaped pressure plare 7 bottom；U-shaped pressure plare 7 and upper shear box 17 is promoted so that loading and unloading rock sample before and after test by the vertical pressure-bearing cushion block 5 of hydraulic servo oil cylinder 3 bottom.
Additionally, as it is shown on figure 3, the two of U-shaped pressure plare 7 vertical arm are respectively embedded into inside the vertical guide groove 14 that 1 two medial walls of loading frame are arranged and roll with roller bearing 15 are connected, it is to avoid upper shear box 17 motor process twists；U-shaped pressure plare 7 top equally spaced high-strength spring 8 parallel with hydraulic servo oil cylinder 3 both sides installation two row or multiple row, rigidity location-plate 10 is provided with the bolt hole matched with bolt device 9, and the diameter of bolt hole is more than the maximum gauge of high-strength spring 8；The upper end of high-strength spring 8 is placed in bolt hole, and bolt device 9 is placed in the positive upper end of high-strength spring 8；Rigidity location-plate 10 is fixed on two medial walls of loading frame 1 by two slot-type device 11 levels；Set circular hole in the middle part of rigidity location-plate 10, and the diameter of hydraulic servo oil cylinder 3 less than Circularhole diameter so that it passes from circular hole；When U-shaped pressure plare 7 moves upward, high-strength spring 8 upper end is subject to the constraint of bolt device 9, high-strength spring 8 by compression produce elastic force react on U-shaped pressure plare 7 and and then act on rock mass discontinuity, the additional normal pressure that initial normal pressure and the high-strength spring 8 that namely rock mass discontinuity is subject to hydraulic servo oil cylinder 3 simultaneously and provides provides；When removing the bolt device 9 directly over high-strength spring 8, high-strength spring 8 rises along bolt hole, and namely high-strength spring 8 does not play a role in shearing test process；By replacing the high-strength spring 8 of different-stiffness and changing high-strength spring 8 quantity played a role in test, to reach to determine the normal stiffness value that the requirement of normal stiffness shearing test is required；Installing four vertical displacement sensors 12 outside U-shaped pressure plare 7 top high-strength spring 8 device, vertical displacement sensor 12 is fixed on slot-type device 11, Real-time Collection rock mass discontinuity Normal Displacement value by beam device 13 and bolt connecting mode.
Furthermore, as it is shown on figure 3, the first hydraulic servo actuator 21 and the second hydraulic servo actuator 22 are fixed on pedestal 26 each through counter-force back seat 20 and bolt connecting mode, it is symmetrically distributed in the both sides of rock test piece 19；Land cushion block 24 respectively and is installed by the motion end portion of the first hydraulic servo actuator 21 and the second hydraulic servo actuator 22 between down cut box 18, two land cushion blocks 24 are bolted mode with 18 two sidewalls of down cut box respectively and fix, and the fixing connected mode of this bolt guarantees that down cut box 18 only moves along the first hydraulic servo actuator 21 and the second hydraulic servo actuator 22 force direction；The rectangular opening that first hydraulic servo actuator 21 and the second hydraulic servo actuator 22 are each passed through on loading frame 1 and arrange connects land cushion block 24, by land cushion block 24 dynamic shearing load it is uniformly applied to down cut box 18 and then acts on rock mass discontinuity, when the first hydraulic servo actuator 21 applied thrust, the second hydraulic servo actuator 22 applies equivalent pulling force simultaneously；First hydraulic servo actuator 21 and the second hydraulic servo actuator 22 respectively and install horizontal pressure force sensor 23, Real-time Collection shear load value between two land cushion blocks 24；Before and after two land cushion blocks 24, both sides are respectively symmetrically two horizontal displacement sensors 25 of installation, and horizontal displacement sensors 25 is fixed on loading frame 1 lateral wall, Real-time Collection rock mass discontinuity shear displacemant value by beam device 13 and bolt connecting mode.
Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 3 Fig. 8, hydraulic control device 27 includes vertical Loading Control device and horizontal addload controller；Under the control of numerical control device 28 and hydraulic control device 27, it may be achieved static shear loads and dynamic shearing loads；Dynamic shearing loads and includes the displacement control form such as harmonic wave, macroseism, and certainly, dynamic shearing loading form is not limited to several forms of foregoing description, other can realize dynamic shearing Bit andits control form can in protection domain herein, numerous to list herein.
In addition, as shown in Fig. 3 Fig. 8, according to test requirements document, normal direction stress value, normal stiffness value and shear displacemant value is set by numerical control device 28, process of the test controls vertical loading device by hydraulic control device 27 and horizontal loading apparatus is further applied load, gathering payload data and displacement data respectively through pressure transducer and displacement transducer, recorded and processed payload data and displacement data by numerical control device 28, final acquisition meets stress parameters and the displacement parameter of test requirements document.
Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 3 Fig. 8, pressure transducer and displacement transducer and numerical control device 28 are attached by cable；Hydraulic servo oil cylinder the 3, first hydraulic servo actuator 21 and the second hydraulic servo actuator 22 are attached each through cable and hydraulic control device 27；Hydraulic control device 27 is attached by cable and numerical control device 28, and process of the test is controlled by whole servo closed loop in real time.
The operation principle of the present invention will be made introduction below:
1, for determining normal stress shearing test: high-strength spring 8 does not play a role, shearing test reach is except bolt device 9；According to test requirements document, numerical control device 28 sets normal direction stress parameters, and hydraulic control device 27 controls hydraulic servo oil cylinder 3 and rock test piece 19 is applied Normal stress to predetermined state, and by vertical pressure sensor 4 Real-time Collection normal pressure value；According to test requirements document, numerical control device 28 sets shear displacemant parameter and shears load mode, down cut box 18 is loaded into predetermined shear displacemant parameter value by the first hydraulic servo actuator 21 and the second hydraulic servo actuator 22, horizontal pressure force sensor 23 Real-time Collection shear load value, horizontal displacement sensors 25 Real-time Collection shear displacemant value；It is definite value that numerical control device 28, hydraulic control device 27 and hydraulic servo oil cylinder 3 control normal direction stress value in real time in shearing test process；For coarse rock mass discontinuity, owing to cutting swollen effect and abrasion is gnawed disconnected work and occurred vertically slidable with shear box 17 in shear history, and only occur vertically slidable under the effect of U-shaped pressure plare 7, vertical displacement sensor 12 Real-time Collection rock test piece 19 cuts swollen shift value, and feeds back to numerical control device 28；Process of the test is undertaken processing to obtain the required stress parameters of test and displacement parameter by numerical control device 28 by the force value of pressure transducer and displacement transducer collection and shift value；Process of the test is controlled by whole servo closed loop in real time, as shown in Figure 1.
2, for determining normal stiffness shearing test: before shearing test, high-strength spring 8 quantity played a role in process of the test is changed to reach the normal stiffness value needed for test requirements document by regulating the bolt device 9 of rigidity location-plate 10.According to test requirements document, numerical control device 28 sets initial normal stress parameter and normal stiffness parameter, hydraulic control device 27 controls hydraulic servo oil cylinder 3 and rock test piece 19 is applied initial Normal stress to predetermined state, and by the initial normal pressure value of vertical pressure sensor 4 Real-time Collection；Process of the test is controlled initial normal stress value in process of the test for definite value in real time by numerical control device 28, hydraulic control device 27 and hydraulic servo oil cylinder 3；According to test requirements document, numerical control device 28 sets shear displacemant parameter and shears load mode, down cut box 18 is loaded into predetermined shear displacemant parameter value by the first hydraulic servo actuator 21 and the second hydraulic servo actuator 22, horizontal pressure force sensor 23 Real-time Collection shear load value, horizontal displacement sensors 25 Real-time Collection shear displacemant value；For coarse rock mass discontinuity, shear history is gnawed box 17 on disconnected acting shear box and occurred vertically slidable owing to cutting swollen effect and abrasion, and only occur vertically slidable under the effect of U-shaped pressure plare 7, vertical displacement sensor 12 Real-time Collection rock test piece 19 cuts swollen shift value, and feeds back to numerical control device 28；Numerical control device 28 processes the force value by pressure transducer and displacement transducer collection and shift value to obtain the required stress parameters of test and displacement parameter, the normal stress increment wherein produced due to high-strength spring 8 effect is determined by the product of vertical displacement value Yu high-strength spring 8 rigidity, total normal stress that rock mass discontinuity is subject to is initial normal stress and normal stress increment sum, as shown in Figure 2.
ΔPn=kn*Δy(1)
Pn(t+ Δ t)=Pn(t)+ΔPn(2)
In formula: knFor normal stiffness, Δ y is vertical displacement increment, Δ PnFor normal stress increment, Δ t is interval, PnT normal stress value that () is t, Pn(t+ Δ t) is the normal stress value of t+ Δ t.
Wherein, in shear box, rock test piece 19 is natural rock test piece or cement mortar model test piece；Horizontal addload mode can be divided into static shear and dynamic shearing, by numerical control device 28 and hydraulic control device 27, scalable shear rate and shearing frequency；Dynamic shearing loads and includes the displacement control form such as harmonic wave, macroseism, namely under the control of numerical control device 28 and hydraulic control device 27, applying normal pressure by hydraulic servo oil cylinder 3, the first hydraulic servo actuator 21 and the second hydraulic servo actuator 22 control land cushion block 24 and do mechanical vibration in the horizontal direction to realize the dynamic shearing process to rock mass discontinuity together with down cut box 18 according to specific amplitude and frequency.
It addition, the invention provides the test method of a kind of pilot system for rock mass discontinuity performance test, specifically comprising the following steps that of this test method
S1, installation rock test piece 19, in shear box, are installed high-strength spring 8, and are adjusted bolt device 9 quantity to meet test requirements document；
S2, startup numerical control device 28 and hydraulic control device 27；Numerical control device 28 inputs initial normal stress parameter, normal stiffness parameter, shear displacemant parameter and shears load mode；
S3, hydraulic servo oil cylinder 3 apply initial Normal stress in rock mass discontinuity to predetermined state, and to be controlled initial normal stress by system be definite value, high-strength spring 8 apply additional Normal stress；
S4, apply shear load in rock mass discontinuity to predetermined shear displacemant value according to predetermined load mode of shearing；
S5, Real-time Collection rock mass discontinuity shear load value, Normal Displacement value and shear displacemant value also feed back to numerical control device 28, numerical control device 28 processing pressure value and shift value test required stress parameters and displacement parameter to obtain, store data；
S6, off-test, unloading removal rock test piece 19.
Because the enforcement of above-mentioned test method depends on above-mentioned pilot system, therefore described test method also has the above-mentioned beneficial effect of above-mentioned pilot system.
Above a kind of pilot system for rock mass discontinuity performance test provided by the present invention and test method are described in detail.Principles of the invention and embodiment are set forth by specific case used herein, and the explanation of above example is only intended to help to understand method and the core concept thereof of the present invention.It should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to the present invention carries out some improvement and modification, these improve and modify in the protection domain also falling into the claims in the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. the pilot system for rock mass discontinuity performance test, it is characterised in that include main frame, vertical loading device, shear box, horizontal loading apparatus, hydraulic control device (27) and numerical control device (28)；
Described main frame includes loading frame (1) and pedestal (26), and described loading frame (1) mode of being bolted is fixed on described pedestal (26), and pedestal (26) is fixed on ground；Described loading frame (1) is provided with vertical guide groove (14) and horizontal guide groove (16), and guide groove is provided with roller bearing (15)；
Described shear box includes shear box (17) and down cut box (18), rock test piece (19) is placed among the space that shear box (17) and down cut box (18) surround, and described down cut box (18) is connected with described roller bearing (15) rolling in described horizontal guide groove (16)；
Described vertical loading device includes cylindrical hydraulic servo oil cylinder (3), U-shaped pressure plare (7), high-strength spring (8), the fixed part of described hydraulic servo oil cylinder (3) is fixed on loading frame (1) by fixing backing plate (2) and bolt connecting mode, and its operating member connects described upper shear box (17) by described U-shaped pressure plare (7)；Two vertical arm of described U-shaped pressure plare (7) roll with the described roller bearing (15) in described vertical guide groove (14) and are connected；Also including the rigidity location-plate (10) that be connected fixing with described loading frame (1), described high-strength spring (8) is detachably located between described U-shaped pressure plare (7) and described rigidity location-plate (10)；Described vertical loading device also includes vertical pressure sensor (4), for the normal pressure value of Real-time Collection rock mass discontinuity；
Described horizontal loading apparatus includes the first hydraulic servo actuator (21) and the second hydraulic servo actuator (22), all act on the dynamic shearing load of described down cut box (18) for offer, described first hydraulic servo actuator (21) and described second hydraulic servo actuator (22) are fixed on pedestal (26) each through counter-force back seat (20) and bolt connecting mode；Also include the horizontal displacement sensors (25) for Real-time Collection rock mass discontinuity shear displacemant value；
Described numerical control device (28) controls described vertical loading device by hydraulic control device (27) and described horizontal loading apparatus carries out action, and locate force value and the shift value of pressure transducer described in reason and displacement transducer collection, obtain the required stress parameters of test and displacement parameter, store data.
2. pilot system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the operating member of described hydraulic servo oil cylinder (3) is connected with described U-shaped pressure plare (7) by vertical pressure-bearing cushion block (5), and described vertical pressure sensor (4) is installed between described hydraulic servo oil cylinder (3) and described vertical pressure-bearing cushion block (5).
3. pilot system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that two vertical arm of described U-shaped pressure plare (7) embed internal the rolling with described roller bearing (15) of described vertical guide groove (14) and are connected.
4. pilot system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described high-strength spring (8) is fixed on described U-shaped pressure plare (7), being provided with the bolt hole matched with bolt device (9) on described rigidity location-plate (10), the diameter of described bolt hole is more than the maximum gauge of described high-strength spring (8)；The upper end of described high-strength spring (8) is placed in described bolt hole, and described bolt device (9) is placed in the positive upper end of described high-strength spring (8).
5. the pilot system as described in any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that described rigidity location-plate (10) is fixed on two medial walls of described loading frame (1) by two slot-type device (11) levels；Described rigidity location-plate (10) middle part sets circular hole, and the diameter of described hydraulic servo oil cylinder (3) less than Circularhole diameter so that it passes from circular hole.
6. pilot system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described U-shaped pressure plare (7) top is also positioned at four vertical displacement sensors (12) of installation outside described high-strength spring (8) device, described vertical displacement sensor (12) is fixed on described slot-type device (11), Real-time Collection rock mass discontinuity Normal Displacement value by beam device (13) and bolt connecting mode.
7. the pilot system as described in any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that described first hydraulic servo actuator (21) and described second hydraulic servo actuator (22) are symmetrically distributed in the both sides of rock test piece (19)；When described first hydraulic servo actuator (21) applied thrust, described second hydraulic servo actuator (22) applies equivalent pulling force simultaneously.
8. pilot system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, land cushion block (24) respectively and is installed by the motion end portion of described first hydraulic servo actuator (21) and described second hydraulic servo actuator (22) between described down cut box (18)；Said two land cushion block (24) is bolted mode with (18) two sidewalls of described down cut box respectively and fixes, and this fixing connected mode guarantees that the horizontal movement along described first hydraulic servo actuator (21) and described second hydraulic servo actuator (22) force direction only occurs described down cut box (18).
9. pilot system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described loading frame (1) adopts rectangle frame structure, it is secured by bolts on pedestal (26), two sidewalls of described loading frame (1) offer rectangular opening respectively, and described first hydraulic servo actuator (21) and described second hydraulic servo actuator (22) are each passed through the rectangular opening of corresponding side and connect corresponding described land cushion block (24).
10. pilot system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described first hydraulic servo actuator (21) and described second hydraulic servo actuator (22) respectively and install horizontal pressure force sensor (23) between said two land cushion block (24), for Real-time Collection shear load value；Before and after two land cushion blocks (24), both sides are respectively symmetrically two horizontal displacement sensors (25) of installation, described horizontal displacement sensors (25) is fixed on described loading frame (1) lateral wall, Real-time Collection rock mass discontinuity shear displacemant value by beam device (13) and bolt connecting mode.
11. pilot system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described hydraulic control device (27) includes vertical Loading Control device and horizontal addload controller；Described numerical control device (28) adopt Full-digital servo controller, the triangular wave that prestores, harmonic wave, random wave, macroseism Bit andits control form；Under the control of numerical control device (28) and hydraulic control device (27), it may be achieved static shear loads and dynamic shearing loads.
12. the pilot system as described in any one of claim 2 to 4, it is characterized in that, described numerical control device (28) is preset with normal stress value when certain test requirements document, normal stiffness value and shear displacemant value, process of the test controls described vertical loading device by described hydraulic control device (27) and described horizontal loading apparatus is further applied load and reaches predetermined state, payload data and displacement data is gathered respectively through described pressure transducer and displacement transducer, payload data and displacement data is processed by numerical control device (28), obtain the stress parameters and the displacement parameter that meet test requirements document.
13. the pilot system as described in any one of claim 2 to 4, it is characterised in that described pressure transducer and displacement transducer and described numerical control device (28) are attached by cable；Described hydraulic servo oil cylinder (3) and hydraulic servo actuator (21 and 22) are attached by cable and described hydraulic control device (27)；Hydraulic control device (27) is attached by cable and numerical control device (28), and process of the test is controlled by whole servo closed loop in real time.
14. the test method of pilot system described in claim 4, it is characterised in that specifically comprising the following steps that of this test method
S1, installation rock test piece (19), in shear box, install high-strength spring (8), adjust bolt device (9) quantity to meet test requirements document；
S2, startup numerical control device (28) and hydraulic control device (27)；Numerical control device (28) inputs initial normal stress parameter, normal stiffness parameter, shear displacemant parameter and shears load mode；
S3, hydraulic servo oil cylinder (3) apply initial Normal stress in rock mass discontinuity to predetermined state, and to be controlled initial normal stress by system be definite value, high-strength spring (8) apply additional Normal stress；
S4, apply shear load in rock mass discontinuity to predetermined shear displacemant value according to predetermined load mode of shearing；
S5, Real-time Collection rock mass discontinuity shear load value, Normal Displacement value and shear displacemant value also feed back to numerical control device (28), tested required stress parameters and displacement parameter by numerical control device (28) processing pressure value and shift value to obtain, store data；
S6, off-test, unloading removal rock test piece (19).
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